USA > New Hampshire > Strafford County > History of Rockingham and Strafford counties, New Hampshire : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 4
USA > New Hampshire > Rockingham County > History of Rockingham and Strafford counties, New Hampshire : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men > Part 4
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fell the colonel of the Fourth New Hampshire, dearly beloved and deeply mourned by his brigade. Dig- nified yet genial, brave yet cautious, never sacri- ficing lives uselessly, ever ready to share danger and hardship with his men, no influence or peril could deter him from doing his duty, or shake a resolution once formed.
Fifth Regiment .- This regiment was organized in 1861, and had one company, D, from Strafford County. Edward E. Cross, of Lancaster, was colonel ; Samuel G. Langley, lieutenant-colonel; Wm. W. Cook, of Derry, major; Charles Dodd, adjutant; E. M. Web- ber, of Somersworth, quartermaster; Dr. L. M. Knight, · surgeon; Dr. J. W. Buckham, assistant surgeon; Rev. E. R. Wilkins, chaplain. The regiment rendezvoused at Concord, and October 29th left for the seat of war. The regiment saw severe service, and partici- pated in the following engagements: Fair Oaks, Mal-
7
MILITARY HISTORY.
vern Hill, Antietam, Charleston, Va., Snicker's Gap, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Brandy Station, Gettysburg, Cold Harbor, Deep Bottom, Hatcher's Run, Five Forks, and Farmville. The regiment was mustered out July 8, 1865. No regiment in the ser- vice from any State fought better, and few, if any, fought oftener.
The Sixth Regiment .- This regiment was organ- ized at Keene, and mustered into the service on the 27th, 28th, and 30th of November, 1861. Company C was from Rockingham County, and Company H from Strafford. December 25th the regiment left for the seat of war, and upon arrival at Washington was assigned to Burnside's expedition. The history of the Sixth is the history of many of the severest battles of the war.
No regiment from the State and none in the army won a prouder name or made a more honorable record than the gallant old veteran Sixth. No regiment saw more severe campaigning, did more or better service, or was oftener under fire. Few regiments went through the war with so little internal dissen- sion and so much harmony among officers. Few regiments endured the hardships of the service with so much fortitude and so little grumbling, for they were men whose hearts were in the work of crushing out the Rebellion. When at various times calls were made for the names of men to whom medals should be awarded for gallant conduct upon the field, few names were ever given, for the reason that so many had done well it was hard to designate a small num- ber. Captains would repeat that almost every one of their men might be recommended, but it would be invidious to name a few.
The following is a list of battles in which it was actively engaged: Camden, N. C., April 19, 1862; Second Bull Run, Va., Aug. 29, 1862; Chantilly, Va., Sept. 1, 1862; South Mountain, Md., Sept. 13, 1862; Antietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862; Fredericksburg, Va., Dec. 13, 1862; siege of Vicksburg, Miss .; Jackson, Miss .; Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; Spottsylvania Court-House, Va., May 12, 1864; Spottsylvania Court- House, Va., May 18, 1864; North Anna River, Va., May 24, 1864; Tolopotomy Creek, Va., May 31, 1864; Beth- esda Church, Va., June 2, 1864; Cold Harbor, Va., June 3, 1864; Petersburg, Va., Inne 16, 1864; Peters- burg, Va., June 17, 1864; Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; Weldon Railroad, Va., July 30, 1864; Poplar Spring Church, Va., Sept. 30, 1864; Hatcher's Run, Va., Oct. 27, 1864; Petersburg, Va., April 2, 1865.
Besides these the regiment was present at many skirmishes and reconnoissances, which are not men- tioned as it suffered no loss. In addition to these there were many days during the campaign in the Wilderness and for nine weeks before Petersburg when the regiment was constantly under fire, and suffered heavy losses in the aggregate. The regi- ment was mustered out in July, 1865.
The Seventh Regiment .- This regiment was raised
by Joseph C. Abbot in the fall of 1861, and Decem- ber 14th same year was mustered into the service with the following officers :
Colonel, H. S. Putnam, regular army.
Lieutenant-Colonel, Joseph C. Abbot, of Manches- ter.
Major, Daniel Smith, of Dover.
Quartermaster, Andrew 11. Young, of Dover. Adjutant, Thomas A. Henderson, of Dover. Surgeon, W. W. Brown, of Manchester.
Chaplain, J. C. Emerson, of Fisherville.
The Seventh rendezvoused at "Curry's Hall," Man- chester, and Jan. 14, 1862, left for the front. They remained at White Street Barracks, in New York, about one month, when they embarked for the Dry Tortugas to perform general duty. June 16th the regiment left Tortugas and embarked for Port Royal, arriving on the 22d, and was soon ordered into camp at Beaufort. While here Maj. Smith died of disease. They left Beaufort September Ist for St. Augustine, Fla., where it remained until May 10th. In the mean time, however, Col. Putnam and five companies of the regiment had joined the expedition against Charles- ton, which proved a failure, and after two weeks re- turned to the regiment.
The first engagement in which the Seventh partici- pated was the unsuccessful assault on Fort Wagner. This was one of the memorable assaults of the war, and during the hour and a half the engagement lasted the gallant Seventh lost two hundred and eighteen killed, wounded, and missing, with Col. Putnam and four line-officers among the killed. The regiment subsequently participated in the bat- tles of Olustee, Lempster Hill, Drury's Bluff, Peters- burg, Deep Bottom (where Lieut .- Col. Henderson was killed), New Market Heights, Laurel Hill, Dar- bytown Road, Fort Fisher.
The Eighth Regiment .- There were a few men from Rockingham and Strafford Counties in this regiment, but no organization. The regiment was mustered into the service Dec. 23, 1861, in Manches- ter. The regiment participated in various engage- ments, the most memorable of which was the attack on Port Hudson, where it suffered more than any other regiment in the army. In December, 1863, the Eighth was changed to "Second New Hampshire Cavalry." It was mustered out in December, 1864.
Ninth Regiment .- There were a few men from Strafford County in this regiment, which was re- crnited in 1862, with E. Q. Fellows, of Sandwich, as colonel. The regiment participated in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Spott- sylvania, the " Mine," Poplar Grove Church. The Ninth saw hard service, and suffered severely.
Tenth Regiment. - This regimeut was raised during the dark hours of 1862, when the glamour of military life had passed away, and grim-visaged war stood out before the people in all its horrors. It was commanded by Col. Michael P. Donohoe, who was
8
HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
subsequently breveted brigadier-general. Rocking- ham County had one company, "G," in this regi- ment, which was raised in Portsmouth and Greenland. George W. Towle was captain.
The history of the Tenth Regiment contains nothing which need canse any of its members to be ashamed of the organization in which they served, while it is a record of brave deeds and heroie sacrifices of which any soldier might well feel proud. Other regiments from the State may have been through more battles and lost more men, but none ever fought more gallantly or discharged whatever duty devolved upon them more faithfully. With the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg and Cold Harbor, and the Army of the James at Drury's Bluff, Fort Harrison, and all the bloody campaign of 1864, its history is inseparably connected, and as long as the war for the Union and its heroes shall be gratefully remembered by the people in whose behalf so much was risked, the story of the Tenth New Hampshire will never cease to be of interest.
The regiment was mustered out June 21, 1865.
CHAPTER IV. MILITARY HISTORY .- (Continued.)
The Eleventh Regiment-The Thirteenth Regiment-The Fourteenth Regiment-The Fifteenth Regiment-The Sixteenth Regiment-The Eighteenth Regiment.
The Eleventh Regiment.1- The Eleventh Regi- ment was recruited and mustered into the service in August, 1862, with the following officers : Colonel, Walter Harriman, of Warner ; Major, Moses A. Col- lins, of Exeter ; Adjutant, Charles R. Morrison, of Nashua ; Quartermaster, James F. Briggs, of Hills- borough; Surgeon, Jonathan S. Ross, of Somers- worth ; Assistant Surgeon, John A. Hayes, of Con- cord ; and Chaplain, Frank K. Stratton, of Hampton.
There were three companies recruited from Rock- ingham County for the regiment, A, B, and I, and one company, K, from Strafford County.
" The Eleventh Regiment left Concord on the 11th of September, 1862, and arrived at Washington on the 14th, and was brigaded with the Twenty-first Connectieut and Thirty-seventh Massachusetts, under command of Brig .- Gen. Henry S. Briggs, of Massachu- setts, and constituted a part of Casey's reserved corps. Early in October the regiment marched to Pleasant Valley, Md., and was brigaded with the Thirty-fifth and Twenty-first Massachusetts, Fifty-first New York, and Fifty-first Pennsylvania, and was the Second Brigade, Second Division, Ninth Army Corps, the brigade commander being Acting Brig .- Gen. E. Ferrero. On the 27th of October the Army of the Potomac started
in pursuit of Gen. Lee's retreating army, the division to which the Eleventh belonged being in the advance. The enemy was closely pursued and driven from point to point, occasionally skirmishing, without any serious engagement or the loss of any men to the regiment. They reached Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg, on the 19th of November, and went into camp, where they remained, drilling and performing ordinary camp and picket duty, until they engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg. The Eleventh Regiment crossed the Rappahannock on the morning of the 12th of Decem- ber. It was not put into the fight until about twelve o'clock on the 13th, when it was ordered to the rail- road, and thence advaneed to the bottom of a slope across an open plain swept by the enemy's fire of infantry and artillery, with nothing to divert that fire, and two or three fences to impede the progress of the regiment and add to its exposure. The order to ad- vance, given by Col. Harriman on the right and Maj. Farr on the left, was promptly obeyed, and they proceeded upon the double-quick to the point indi- cated, which was not more than twenty rods from the rebel intrenchments. The position was held by a few companies that had preceded the regiment. For nearly two hours they sustained a tremendous fire from the enemy's strongholds, nearly alone. The enemy were well protected by their intrenchments, while the regiment was considerably below them, and only partially protected when flat upon the ground by the character of the slope. The men were ordered to lie down and load, and then stand up, take aim, and fire. Some, however, were so eager for the fray and reckless of consequences that they persisted in stand- ing bolt upright all the while. The enemy rushed down the slope several times as if to make a charge, but were met with terrifie volleys from the Eleventh and repulsed. Every man stood firm and would not yield an inch. After the ammunition was nearly exhausted, only a few rounds being reserved for an emergeney, and when there were indications that they might be called upon to make or meet a charge, Col. Harriman gave orders to fix bayonets. Some of the men, by procuring ammunition from other regi- ments which had come up and from the cartridge- boxes of the dead, kept up a continuous fire. Regi- ment after regiment came up, and so the battle raged, the fire of the enemy's musketry and artillery being most murderous and terrific, until after dark, when the regiment was withdrawn. On a single acre, em- bracing the ground held by the New Hampshire Eleventh, as measured by those who afterwards went over to bury the dead, there were six hundred and twenty dead men. The conduct of the regiment on that day was the subject of universal commendation. The general in command in an address said, 'To the new troops who fought so nobly on the 13th, on their first battle-field, thanks are especially due; they have every way proved themselves worthy to stand side by side with the veterans of the Second Brigade.'
1 From Adjutant-General's Report, and Waite's " New Hampshire in the Rebellion."
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MILITARY HISTORY.
The New Hampshire Eleventh were the only 'new troops' in that brigade, and of course appropriated this high and well-deserved compliment. In this battle the regiment had fourteen men killed, one hundred and fifty-six wounded, and twenty-four miss- ing. Of the latter some afterwards came in, some are supposed to have been killed, others were wounded or prisoners. Many died of wounds not supposed at the time to be fatal. Among these was Capt. Amos B. Shattuck, an excellent officer and much esteemed nian.
" The Eleventh Regiment remained at the heights of Strafford until the 11th of February, 1863, when, with the rest of the corps, they were at Newport News until the 26th of March, and then went to Covington, Ky., to protect the people from guerrillas and drive out the rebel forces. They remained in the State at different places until the 4th of June, when they were removed to Vicksburg. Here Col. Harriman resigned, and Lieut .- Col. Collins assumed command of the regiment.
"After the surrender of Vieksburg, on the 4th of July, the Eleventh with other troops started in pur- suit of Johnston, the details of which movement are given in the history of the Sixth Regiment. The regiment returned to Milldale, where it remained until the 6th of August, suffering like the other regiments from the unhealthiness of the location. From there it proceeded to Cincinnati, where it ar- rived on the 14th, sadly reduced in numbers and strength by exposure to the malaria of the swamps in the vicinity of Vicksburg. The regiment marched over to Covington, Ky., and remained there until the 26th of August, when they were successively at Nicholasville, Camp Parke, Crab Orchard, and Lou- don, Ky., and were then engaged in the siege of Knox- ville.
" After a very tedious march the Eleventh arrived at Knoxville on the 29th of October, and on the 17th of November were joined by Gen. Burnside and his gallant little army of thirteen thousand men, who were elosely followed by Longstreet with his excel- lent force, thirty thousand strong, and the siege of Knoxville commenced. Trenches were thrown np; trees were felled ; forts were built ; dams were erected on the small creek separating the city proper from North Knoxville, and other preparations made for a defense of the city. The Eleventh shared all the hardships of the siege, short rations, ete., until the night of the 28th of November, when the rebels made an attack along the whole line, and skirmish- ing continued through the night. At five o'clock in the morning the enemy opened with renewed vigor on the whole front, the object being to capture Fort Sanders, at the west part of the town. Against this Longstreet hurled five thousand of his best troops, who were mowed down like grass by the Union bat- tery. The enemy charged bravely, but it was only to meet sudden death. At seven o'clock the enemy,
repulsed at every point, withdrew from the contest, leaving a thousand dead and wounded along the lines, while only ten or twelve men had been killed or wounded on the Union side. In a day or two news came of the victory at Chattanooga, and ringing cheers ran along the whole line. On the 5th of De- cember the enemy commeneed a retreat, and troops were sent in all directions in pursuit, who brought in a large number of prisoners. On the 7th an advance was made up the valley to foree Longstreet inside the Clinch Mountains, and keep him from Cum- berland Gap. After considerable skirmishing the Eleventhi went into eamp at Lee's Springs, and re- mained there three weeks. Rations had become very short, some days only a single ear of eorn being issued to the men. The Eleventh had drawn very little of any kind of clothing for the five months that they had been in Tennessee, and they could be tracked by the marks of bloody feet while marching. In lieu of shoes, green hides were issued to the men, of which they made moccasins.
" The last of February, 1864, Col. Harriman re- joined the regiment, and was received with mueh en- thusiasm. He had been re-commissioned as colonel of the Eleventh, and had marched over the moun- tains, a distance of two hundred and forty miles, in command of a detachment of six hundred recruits for that and other regiments.
"On the 18th of March orders were received to proceed to Annapolis, and the troops, after long and tedious marching and railroad transportation, arrived there on the 7th of April and went into camp. The Ninth Corps, under its favorite commander, Gen. Burnside, was reorganized, enlarged, and made to embrace four heavy divisions. Here they remained, drilling, clothing, arming, and organizing, until the 23d of April, when it began another march to the frout.
" At the battle of the Wilderness, on the 6th of May, the regiment was under fire nearly all day. At one o'clock the brigade advanced through the Wilderness in good order, in the face of a terrifie fire. It passed one line of Union troops lying close to the ground not engaged ; came to another similar line and passed that also, when about three hundred 'Western men from that line sprang to their feet and rallied under the flag of the Eleventh and joined their fortunes with them. They pressed forward with spirit and carried two sue- cessive lines of the enemy's works at the point of the bayonet, driving the rebels from their last intrench- ments in their front, and nearly out of the Wilder- ness. In this bloody engagement the regiment lost severely in both officers and men. Col. Harriman was captured, Lient .- Col. Collins was killed, Capt. J. B. Clark and Lieut. J. C. Currier were wounded sc- verely, and Capt. H. O. Dudley slightly. Lieut. Ar- thur E. Hutchins, serving on Gen. Griffin's staff, was killed. The command of the regiment devolved on Capt. Tilton.
10
HISTORY OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY, NEW HAMPSHIRE.
"On the 12th of May occurred the battle of Spott- sylvania. The advance was commenced before day- light. The enemy's pickets were soon encountered. The Eleventh discovered a regiment of the enemy dressed in Union blue, detected their character, and at once attacked them. The fighting was terrific all along the lines, in which hundreds of pieces of artil- lery and thousands of muskets dealt death on every hand. Among the wounded in this fight were Adjt. Morrison and Lieut. John E. Cram, who at the time had the colors in his hand. The position of the Eleventh was just to the left of where the Second Corps captured the rebel general, Bushrod Johnson, and about five thousand prisoners.
"On the 16th, in a skirmish with the enemy, the regiment lost several men killed and wounded. On the 24th the regiment was under fire at North Anna River. On the 25th and 26th, in picket and skirmish firing, several of the men were wounded.
" At Cold Harbor, notwithstanding the regiment was not used in the offensive movement, the battle being fought mainly by the other troops, it was under fire and a number of its men were killed and wounded, Captain Shepard, of Company I, being among the latter. On the 16th and 17th of June, in an engage- ment with the enemy before Petersburg, the regiment lost several prisoners, among them Lieut. Dimick. On the 2Ist Lieut. Little was mortally wounded while on the picket line.
"The months of June and July were spent by the regiment in the trenches before Petersburg, and on the 30th of July took an active part in the celebrated battle of the 'MFine.' Capt. Tilton, who had been in command of the regiment from the 17th of June, was wounded early in the morning, and the command devolved upon Capt. Locke. The result of the at- tack was a repulse of the Union troops. The Elev- enth occupied the 'crater' most of the day, and lost heavily. The colors were twice lost and twice re- taken, and were finally torn in two, the enemy retaining half while the remaining half was retained by the regiment.
" In September the regiment took part in the move- ments on the Weldon Railroad. On the 30th it moved to Poplar Grove Church, and was actively engaged at Pegram's Farm, where it lost heavily in killed and wounded. Among the wounded were Capts. Locke, commanding the regiment, Currier, and Bell, and Lieuts. Davis, Brown, and Bean, the latter mortally. Capt. Shepard succeeded to the command of the regi- ment, which he held until the 1st of October, when Capt. Dudley returned from leave of absence and succeeded him. On the 27th the regiment took part in the engagement at Hatcher's Run, where it lost two men wounded and the sergeant-major captured. On the 3Ist, by order of the commanding general, Capt. Shepard again took command of the regiment.
dially welcomed. On the 29th the regiment, with the Ninth Corps, moved to the front of Petersburg, where it went into camp near Hancock Station, on the mili- tary railroad, and remained there until the 2d of April, 1865, engaged in picket duty, skirmishing, and preparing for the last great struggle. On the 25th of March the enemy made a vigorous assault upon the lines of the Ninth Corps at Fort Steadman at day- light. They took the fort, but an hour later were driven back with great slaughter and a loss of two thousand prisoners.
"On Sunday morning, April 2d, at three o'clock, the grand charge all along the lines, from the Appo- mattox River to Hatcher's Run, was made. It was a great day and a great battle. The division commander having been wounded during the day, Gen. Griffin assumed command, and Col. Harriman took charge of the brigade, while the command of the Eleventh Regiment devolved on Capt. Dudley. About mid- night it became evident that the rebels were evacu- ating Petersburg. The city was on fire at three differ- ent points. Half an hour before day on the 3d an advance was ordered. The troops moved cautiously at first, but hurriedly very soon, and sprang over the rebel breastworks with a shout of triumph. The brigade commanded by Col. Harriman, consisting of the Sixth, Ninth, and Eleventh, and six other regi- ments, marched through Petersburg with bands play- ing and banners flying. The common people, and especially the colored population, received the troops with demonstrations of joy, while most of the rich, aristocratic, original rebels were sour and glum. Se- cession was dead, and this latter class distinctly saw and keenly felt it. The army closely pursued Lee to Appomattox Court-House, where, on the 9th, he sur- rendered the great Army of Northern Virginia to Gen. Grant, and the four years' war of the Rebellion was virtually ended.
" The Eleventh Regiment joined in the grand re- view of the Second, Fifth, and Ninth Corps, Sher- man's entire army, and some other troops at Wash- ington on the 23d and 24th of May. It was the grandest spectacle of the kind ever witnessed in this country. Two hundred thousand armed veterans passed the whole length of Pennsylvania Avenue, the reviewing officers being stationed in front of the President's house. It has been confidently claimed that, in soldier-like bearing and general appearance, no corps eclipsed the Ninth, no division the Second of that corps, no brigade the Second of that division, and no troops those of that brigade from New Hamp- shire.
" The Eleventh was mustered out of the United States service on the 4th of June, and immediately started for home, arriving at Concord on the after- noon of the 7th, meeting with a hearty reception in the State-House yard. On the 10th the regiment was paid off and formally discharged. By order of the
" On the 2Ist of November, Col. Harriman returned to the regiment from his imprisonment, and was cor- commanding general of the army, for meritorious
11
MILITARY HISTORY.
conduct in battle, the Eleventh Regiment inscribed upon its banner 'Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jack- son, East Tennessee, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Weldon Railroad, Poplar Grove Church, Hatcher's Run, Petersburg.""
· The following were the officers of this regiment, with their official record, during the term of service :
Field- and Staff-Officers,-Col. Walter Harriman, of Warner, captured May 6, 1864 ; exchanged Sept. 12, 1864 ; appointed brig .- gen. U. S. V. by brevet, for gallant conduct during the war, to date from March 13, 1865; minst. ont as col. June 4, 1865.
Liout .- Col. Moses N. Collins, of Exeter, killed in action May 6, 1864. Lieut .- Col. Leander W, Cogswell, of HIenuiker, not mustered ; hon. disch. as capt April 26, 1865.
Maj. Moses N. Collins, of Exeter, pro. to lieut .- col. Sept. 9, 1862.
Maj. Evarts W. Farr, of Littleton, must. out June 4, 1865.
Adjt. Charles R. Morrison, of Naslina, wounded severely May 12, 1864 ; hon. disch. Sept. 9, 1864.
Adjt. William A. Nason, of New London, not mustered; must. out as Ist lient. June 4, 1865.
Q .- m. James F. Briggs, of Hillsborough, hon. disch. Aug. 1, 1863. Q -m. Gilman B. Johnson, of Epping, must. out June 4, 1865.
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