USA > New Hampshire > Merrimack County > New London > Mirror to America : a history of New London, New Hampshire, 1900-1950 > Part 24
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1948 Thomas Wistar, Jr. Forrest Sampson Mrs. Helen R. Holcomb
1946 Mrs. Almina K. Smith Leon W. Bickford
Mrs. Mary A. Lovely
1949 Robert Messer Eleanor Dodd Leroy Marshall
1950 Mrs. Kenneth M. Rich Robert M. Lovely Wendell N. Hobbs.
17. Sewer Commission
1940 Herbert D. Swift
1945 Eugene Lorden
1941 Russell Spaulding
1946 Fred Williams
1942 Fred Todd 1947 Wesley B. Woodward
1943 Merle C. Gay
1948 Eugene Lorden
Morton Walker
1949 Ausbon Sargent
Roger McIntire
1950 Wesley B. Woodward
1944 Wesley B. Woodward, 3 y
18. Hog Reeves or Hog Constables
1900 George Fifield, Hiram A. Eastman, George R. McFarland
1901 Elmer F. Messer, Fred Fowler, Robert M. Knight, Charles Palmer
1902 Willis J. Sargent, Arthur J. Gould, Arthur T. Emery
1903 Willis J. Sargent, Walter P. Morgan, Frank O. Dow, Winfield S. Call, Melville Robbins, Amos L. Keables, Edgar F. Sargent
1904 George C. Lovering, Howard Philbrick, H. H. Nichols, Clinton Goodhue
1905 I. S. Littlefield, S. M. Allen
1906 George S. Prescott, Alfred G. Sargent, Horace C. Stanley, Chester Morgan, William P. Clough
1907 George Quimby, Frank Mastin William M. Kidder, Claude Morey, Arthur Bickford
1908 Wilbur Knowlton, A. J. Kidder, Willis Philbrick, George Quimby, Joseph Cutting, Howard Todd
1909 Anzell Messer, Walter E. Gay, George D. Lang, Willis Philbrick, Fred Dixon, Andrew Craig
1910 Ashley Prescott, Arthur Bickford, Frank Mastin
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NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950
1911 Mark Shepard, Charles E. Glover, Fred Todd, Henry C. Crockett, Wallace Lull, Walter Roberts, A. Knowlton, Fred West
1913 George E. Philbrick, Walter Roberts, Ai Worthen, Rev. Ira M. Baird, Wilbur Knowlton, William Smith, Adney Knowlton, Herman Messer, Fred Quimby
1914 Ai Worthen, Fred Farwell, Byron L. Jones, Horace Hurd, Earl Remington, Robert Todd, Fred Knowlton, Fred Longley, Sylvester M. Allen
1915 Charles S. Messer, Walter Herman, Charlie P. Chase, Arthur S. Little, Harold Messer, Benjamin L. Davis, Fred Farwell
19. Fence Viewers
1900 Waren Bickford, Fred O. Prescott, Sidney M. Pedrick
1901 Baxter Gay, Ira S. Littlefield, George Hayes
1902 Frank Stanley, Willie M. Knowlton, A. J. Davis
1903 Ralph Preston, Frank P. Messer, Ira S. Littlefield
1904 Willie M. Knowlton, Melville Robbins, Newton L. Sargent
1905 J. H. Todd, F. P. Messer, S. M. Pedrick
1906 James E. Shepard, George Thurston
1907 Arthur Gould, Sidney Pedrick, Ai Worthen
1908 Melvin Robbins, James E. Shepard, Irving Messer, Henry Quimby
1909 Harry Nichols, Fred Everett, Elmer E. Adams
20. Principal Officers of the New London School District
Year Ending Feb. 1, 1901
Members of the Board
Treasurer
Willie M. Knowlton
J. H. Todd
Mary J. Gordon
Feb. 15, 1902
Willie M. Knowlton
J. H. Todd
Mary J. Gordon
Mary A. Lamson
Feb. 15, 1903
Willie M. Knowlton
Alfred G. Sargent
Mary J. Gordon
Lennie J. Messer
Feb. 15, 1904
John D. Pingree
Alfred G. Sargent
Mrs. Lora E. Loverin
Lennie J. Messer
Feb. 15, 1905
Mrs. Lora E. Loverin John D. Pingree
Alfred G. Sargent
Mrs. Gustie T. Messer
Feb. 15, 1906
Oren D. Crockett
Alfred G. Sargent
Clara B. Thurston
Charles W. Gay
A HISTORY OF NEW LONDON
Members of the Board
Treasurer
Alfred G. Sargent
Alfred G. Sargent
Charles W. Gay
Charles W. Gordon
Charles W. Gay
Alfred G. Sargent
Charles W. Gordon
Oren D. Crockett
Charles W. Gordon
Alfred G. Sargent
Oren D. Crockett Charles W. Gay
Charles W. Gay Oren D. Crockett
Alfred G. Sargent
Charles W. Gordon
Charles W. Gay Grace T. Hall
Alfred G. Sargent
Frederic E. Everett
Charles W. Gay Grace T. Hall
Alfred G. Sargent
Frederic E. Everett
Frederick E. Everett
Alfred G. Sargent
Charles W. Gay
Grace T. Hall
Charles W. Gay Grace T. Hall
Alfred G. Sargent
Emma L. Colby
Charles W. Gay
Alfred G. Sargent
Grace T. Hall
Emma L. Colby
Feb. 15, 1917
Emma L. Colby Grace T. Hall
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1918
Charles W. Gay Charles W. Gay Grace T. Hall Emma L. Colby
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1919
Grace T. Hall
Alfred G. Sargent
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley
January 31, 1920
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Charles W. Gay
Alfred G. Sargent
276 Year Ending Feb. 15, 1907
Feb. 15, 1908
Oren D. Crockett Clara B. Thurston Charles W. Gay Oren D. Crockett
Feb. 15, 1909
Feb. 15, 1910
Feb. 15, 1911
Feb. 15, 1912
Feb. 15, 1913
Feb. 15, 1914
Feb. 15, 1915
Feb. 15, 1916
NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950 Year Ending January 31, 1921
277
Members of the Board
Treasurer Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1922
Dura P. Crockett
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1923
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1924
Dura P. Crockett Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1925
Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1927
Alfred G. Sargent Allie J. Sargent
January 31, 1928
Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley
Hattie D. Todd
January 31, 1930
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby
Hattie D. Todd
January 31, 1931
Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby
Julia E. Toda
January 31, 1932
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1934
Dura P. Crockett Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley
Julia E. Todd
-
Hattie D. Todd
January 31, 1929
Horace C. Stanley
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1933
Horace C. Stanley Charles W. Gay
Emma L. Colby
Alfred G. Sargent
January 31, 1926
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A HISTORY OF NEW LONDON
Year Ending January 31, 1935
Members of the Board
Treasurer
Dura P. Crockett
Julia E. Todd
Horace C. Stanley
January 31, 1936
Emma L. Colby Horace C. Stanley Dura P. Crockett Guy F. Williams
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1937
Dura P. Crockett
Julia E. Todd
Guy F. Williams
Horace C. Stanley
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1939
Guy F. Williams Almina K. Barton Dura P. Crockett Guy F. Williams Almina K. Barton Dura P. Crockett
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1940
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1941
Dura P. Crockett Almina K. Barton Guy F. Williams Dura P. Crockett Almina K. Barton Wayne K. Wheeler Dura P. Crockett Almina C. Smith Wayne K. Wheeler
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1942
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1943
Dura P. Crockett Almina C. Smith Wayne K. Wheeler Dura P. Crockett Almina C. Smith
Julia E. Todd
December 31, 1944
Julia E. Todd
December 31, 1945
Alice N. Wheeler
December 31, 1946
December 31, 1947
Almina C. Smith Dura P. Crockett Guy F. Williams Dura P. Crockett Guy F. Williams Catherine T. Squires Guy F. Williams Catherine T. Squires Dura P. Crockett Catherine T. Squires Dura P. Crockett Vinita L. Gay
Julia E. Todd
January 31, 1944
Wayne K. Wheeler
Alice N. Wheeler
Alice N. Wheeler
January 31, 1938
279
NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950 Year Ending December 31, 1948
Members of the Board
Treasurer Alice N. Wheeler
December 31, 1949
December 31, 1950
Dura P. Crockett Vinita L. Gay Catherine T. Squires Vinita L. Gay Catherine T. Squires Dura P. Crockett Catherine T. Squires Dura P. Crockett Vinita L. Gay
Alice N. Wheeler
Alice N. Wheeler
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APPENDIX TWO
The Houses of New London Built Prior to the Civil War by
Mildred Crockett Tunis
1. Foreword
This is the story of the old homes of New London, that is, those residences standing in the Town in 1950 which were built before 1858. The basis for the selection of these houses is the New London section of the "Map of Merrimack County, New Hampshire, from the surveys under the direction of H. L. Walling, 90 Fulton St., New York, 1858." This map shows the roads in town, and for the location of each dwell- ing a dot appears with the name of the owner at that date.
Nearly all of the historical data on the old families in- volved, including the dates of erection of their homes, have been obtained from Myra B. Lord, "A History of the Town of New London, Merrimack County, New Hampshire, 1779- 1899." Reference to the biographical sections of this book, under the names mentioned in connection with the houses, will verify most of the facts given. Additional material has been found in some cases in the introductions to the various chapters in the History. When no date for the erection of the house has been found, the year has been approximated. An imaginary "Stroll Over Town in 1800", found in Chapter Three, furnished a suggested outline for the houses standing at that date.
Some historical facts not available in Mrs. Lord's book were supplied in the published articles and voluminous notes of my late father, Oren D. Crockett. He searched records in the offices of the Clerk of the Probate Court and Registrar of
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E
AN OLD NEW LONDON HOME AND ITS RESTORATION The Charles W. Gay Home (Before) The G. T. Sawyer Residence (After)
2
NICHOLS
DETAILS OF SOME OF THE OLD HOUSES OF NEW LONDON
Mantel at the Sieburg House Doorway at the Edwin F. Edmunds House
Main Stairway at the Clifford House Doorway at the Nichols House
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NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950
Deeds in Nashua and in Concord, New Hampshire. This material supplemented the retentive memory of a ninety- one year life span, which bridged the period between the pioneer grandparents from whom he heard stories of the early days, and the past decade. He preceded me into many of these homes of our forefathers. The memory and record of his in- terest and enthusiasm for the early history of New London have been a constant source of inspiration to me.
The detailed description of the individual homes at- tempts to portray the original form of the house rather than its present condition. Sources of architectural material are listed in the bibliography at the end of the architectural sketch. The names of property owners in 1898 were secured from the list at the beginning of Chapter Twelve in Mrs. Lord's history. Names of present owners as of August 1, 1951 were obtained from the records of the New London Tax Collector, Dorris M. Smith, for whose assistance I am grateful.
I wish to thank all the house owners who graciously helped me with information, many of whom welcomed me into their homes for detailed observation; Elizabeth R. and Sallie P. Waite for the use of their old Walling map; Cora E. Bunker and Mrs. George E. Fifield who shared with me rec- ollections of earlier days and my own family who assisted in many ways.
My deep appreciation is extended to the following persons who have read my manuscript and given helpful criticism and suggestions: Marcella Street Bopp of Albany, N. Y .; Nina Fletcher Little of Brookline, Mass., author of Some Old Brookline Houses, Brookline, 1948; Frank O. Spinney, Cura- tor of the Living Museum at Old Sturbridge, Mass .; Emerson Greenaway, Librarian of the Philadelphia Public Library, and his wife, Helen Kidder Greenaway; and Horace C. Stanley of New London, N. H.
2. A Sketch of the Old Homes of New London
In the background of our impressions of contemporary New London stand the old homes of the Town. Although
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some of those listed in this study date back to the pioneer settlers, and all those named were erected within eighty years of the incorporation of the Town in 1779, they still continue their dignified service as our homes of today. A few have remained throughout their entire history in the possession of the family which built them. In outward appearance most of these houses retain their original form, some quaint and small, others large and distinctive in their proportions. In- side, however, only a few have the original arrangement and details; while others have been so "improved" over the years that no old features are now visible.
Evolution of architectural types
The first cabin of the New London pioneer is described as made of logs, the crevices filled with moss or clay, the roof covered with sheets of bark. The chimney was of green logs laid cross fashion and plastered inside and out with clay. Although this traditional log cabin pattern for the earliest colonial dwellings may be a "myth," these simple one room structures, wherever found, had as their most important feature, a fireplace of some kind at one end, connected with a crude chimney.
From this simple beginning, the homes of the various colonial types evolved. As more space was needed, a second room was added on the other side of the chimney and gradual- ly the one and one half story Cape Cod pattern emerged. The early two story and two and one-half story homes have several variations representing steps in their development. These point the way to the pure type of Northern Early American, two and one-half stories high, four square propor- tion, always dominated by a massive central chimney. The design we now refer to as Colonial follows this same general outline, but it is distinguished by two chimneys, one in the center of each half of the house which was divided by a central hallway. In its more formal manifestations, this type is known as Georgian.
This development of colonial architecture had run its
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NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950
course in other parts of New England before the first settlers arrived in this township. As a result, we see examples of each of these types appearing almost simultaneously in the early buildings of New London.
About 1800 came the Classic Revival under the influence of the great architect, Thomas Jefferson. A short period of Roman influence followed by the Greek was evidenced by the appearance of house gables facing the front, some with columns and other decorative exterior features. This was the beginning of the decadence in American architecture which soon reached its depths in the Victorian era.
Our New London houses furnish examples of these four main classifications: the Cape Cod, the Northern Early Ameri- can, the simple Georgian, and the Classic Revival. There are a few variants of these types and three homes to be described represent transitional stages. Most of the houses, however, fall naturally into the main categories.
Examples of Cape Cod type
More than half of the houses on our list were originally built as homes of one and one-half stories. Three residences still standing, each built before 1800, conform to the early Cape Cod type. Two are on Old Main St., the Edward A. Todd (No. 40) and Griffin (No. 37) houses, and one at the West Part owned by Frederick W. Simpson (No. 6). Some excellent features remain in each of these homes, particularly the unique kitchen fireplace and oven in the Griffin house. Two other homes built later (1824 and 1830) give us even more perfection in original condition and complete detail. These are the Hayes house (No. 53) in the Pleasant St. area and one of the Dewey homes (No. 29) in Burpee Hill.
The "Lower Putney house", (No. 120), at the foot of Morgan Hill, on the old road to Pleasant St., owned by Mrs. Walter S. Bucklin, is really a semi-Cape Cod. This represents the transition from the pioneer one room dwelling to the Cape Cod design. It has the broad gable and is two rooms
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A HISTORY OF NEW LONDON
deep; but the entrance door which would be in the center of the front in the Cape Cod, is, here, at the end of the front, with the big chimney directly ahead as one enters. It is as though a Cape Cod had been cut in two at the side of the chimney.
The Littlefield home (No. 45), built before 1800, has most of the old characteristics and is really a double Cape Cod. Two houses in Elkins (Nos. 63 and 65), built about 1835, were also designed to accommodate two families each. Some houses in town of the Cape Cod type were built with a narrower gable, only one room deep, and extra room was provided by an ell at the side or rear. The Bucklin home (No. 118), the only brick house in town, built about 1830, has this narrower gable with the ell at the side. This kitchen fireplace and brick oven is located in the room at the right as one enters the little front hall.
Two transitional houses
Leaving the Cape Cod, our next step in this architectural trend is represented by the home of Lucille Clifford at Low Plain (No. 74). This was built by "Doctor" David Smith, farrier and veterinary surgeon, probably soon after his arrival in Town in 1790. It is two story, only one room deep, making a narrow gable with two windows at each of the two floor levels and a tiny window at the peak of the gable. The old front door has a four light transom above it. Inside, is the small entry with its narrow "pulpit" stairway starting at the right side and making two turns in front of the big chimney on its way to the landing above; a carved detail appears at the ends of the stair treads. There are fireplaces in each of the rooms downstairs and one in the SE room above. The kitchen fireplace and brick oven were in the one and one-half story ell at the rear. This ell was probably a part of the origi- nal construction, and provided additional space for the family of eleven children. In the restoration and reproduction of old features and the adaptation of this house to gracious modern living, the beautiful simplicity of its early form has been main- tained.
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NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950
In the Trussell House (No. 86), built in 1808 for Moses Trussell, New London's first pioneer, we note the transition from the one-room deep house, just described, to the four- square perfect Northern Early American type. The original construction of four rooms, two below and two above, was almost identical with that of the Smith-Clifford place (No. 74). This early form, two and one-half stories high and only one room deep, gave the gable a peculiarly narrow proportion with only one window at each floor level. The front halls are very similar, although in the Trussell House the stairs start from the left side of the hall.
The big central chimney provided fireplaces in each of the four original rooms while the large kitchen fireplace, seven feet in width, with its brick oven, was probably housed in an ell built at the rear of the chimney. Parallel beams, ex- tending back at right angles to the main house, are still a part of the structure of the present leanto which took the place of the ell at a later date. This leanto across the entire length of the house was attached at the wall plate across the rear of the original building and the roof slopes down to the one story level in back. Inside the leanto was a large kitchen with the chimney arrangements previously included in the ell and a small bedroom at the NW end. This downstairs bedroom, characteristic of the central chimney design, was called "the borning room", because of its use as such near the warmth and source of hot water in the adjoining kitchen. Upstairs, the leanto was just an open attic, the weathered clapboards on the outside of the original main house still visible.
The construction of the house in two sections in this way gives the roof at the rear a little change in pitch at the point of connection. This is characteristic of the first real "salt-box" houses which developed in just this fashion. Later this feature became a fixed design and most houses of this type were planned to take this form, namely, the leanto feature, giving the gable the appearance of an old fashioned salt-box.
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A HISTORY OF NEW LONDON
Example of Northern Early American
The historic Colby Homestead (No. 94) is a perfect ex- ample of the Northern Early American house which has main- tained its distinctive characteristics up to the present day. It was built in 1800 for Joseph Colby, one of the leaders in the early community. As agent for Jonas Minot of Concord, Mass., one of the Masonian proprietors, he transacted a great deal of real estate business in the early years of the Town. He had built two other homes for himself locally before this one. This was one of the first three licensed taverns in town and in the SW room on the first floor, Mr. Colby kept the first store on "Minot's Hill", with stock in trade valued at $100. Anthony Colby, son of Joseph, New London's most dis- tinguished citizen as Governor of New Hampshire in 1846, made his home here for many years. It is now occupied by the fifth generation of this family.
The front door frame is typical of a very early design with a pediment and five-light transom over the six paneled door and simulated fluted pilasters at the sides. It is almost identi- cal with that at the Trussell House as is the little entry and "pulpit" stairway. The floor plan is like the Cape Cod and the leanto house already described on the first floor, though the rooms are more spacious; while on the second floor, four full sized rooms correspond to those below.
In the downstairs SW room, the entire fireplace wall is paneled, one of the two doors comprising the overall design being a double door to a closet, with two panels above and two below. Wainscoting reaches to the bottom of the window frames on the three remaining sides of the room. "Indian shut- ters," made of a single board with two panel design, slide from inside the wall to cover each of the window sash. In this room, the first graining in town was done and this old finish, covering all the woodwork, has been preserved to the present day. The other front room across the hall has a simple mantel, chair rails and the same type of "Indian shutters."
The space across the rear of the house which previously
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NEW HAMPSHIRE, 1900-1950
included the kitchen and small bedroom at the NE end, has been combined to form one large and beautiful room. Old panelling frames the seven foot, ten inch kitchen fireplace- brick oven combination, still in its original state. The oven opening has a curved top and is inside the fireplace rather than at the side. This oven, located at the left side, is recessed, leaving a space of solid brick in front and below it, which serves as a shelf. This unique arrangement is also found in the Dow-Griffin (No. 37), Seamans-Walter (No. 44), Gay-Saw- yer (No. 75) and Trussell-Tunis (No. 86) houses. This repre- sents a transitional stage in fireplace design, between the earli- est location of the oven in the back of the fireplace to the more usual position at the side and in the same plane as the fireplace opening.
The door from the front hall to the NW room is six paneled; others on the first floor are of four panels. The win- dows on the first floor have twelve over twelve lights and the ones above, twelve over eight. These are original window frames and glass. The fireplace walls on the second floor have simple paneling.
The vaulted chimney support in the center of the cellar is of brick and approximately eighteen feet long, extending parallel with the front of the house. One end is solid brick and the entrance has wooden doors with rounded tops. Refer- ence to this unique feature as an "Indian room," arouses fanciful speculation as to its original purpose. However, it was probably designed for the very practical use of a storage compartment. A similar support, through not as large is found in the W side of the cellar of the Seamans-Walter house (No. 44). The second chimney base there is of the split stone arch type.
In the old Woodbury Tavern, (Crockett Homestead, No. 85), this same Northern Early American type, originally the entire north side of the second floor was given over to one large room, probably completely paneled on the inside fire- place wall. This was the "great hall", of the "Bros." Daniel and Jonathan Woodbury where the King Solomon Lodge of
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Free and Accepted Masons completed its organization on June 12, 1802.
Other early homes which were built to conform to this central chimney design but later changed are the homes of Mrs. Fred A. Todd (No. 3), Mrs. Fred W. Knowlton (No. 5), the Stanley Homestead (No. 28), and the Bucklin "Yellow House" (No. 117).
The Messer-Gordon-Lauridsen house (No. 35), was of this central chimney design also and followed the same pat- tern, except that a hipped roof covered the two stories. The change to the present pitched roof gave it an added half story.
Two other homes of somewhat smaller proportions, both built about 1835, retain most of their old characteristics and serve as excellent specimens of this early type of architecture: the Will Sanborn house at Low Plain (No. 69), and the home of Elizabeth Nichols in the Village (No. 103).
Homes of simple Georgian Style
Three of our largest and most distinctive homes of today exemplify the trend away from the simplicity of the one chimney farm-house design which we have been considering. The houses of this new type are distinguished by large chim- neys in each half of the house with a central hallway between. In them we see only in a small way, the added emphasis on space, comfort and decorative detail which had already de- veloped into the elaborate Georgian mansions of Portsmouth, N. H. and Salem, Mass. before these local homes were built. These homes are the Job Seamans house (No. 44), built in 1790, now owned by Francis and Thelma Walter and the Greene French "Red House" (No. 87), built in 1802, owned by Dr. Joseph M. Clough, both of which remain essentially un- changed from their old form and details. The third home (No. 75), built before 1800 by William Gay, bears a striking resemblance to the other two in exterior outline and propor- tion and some interior details. When it was reconstructed in 1935 by its present owner, Greenfield T. Sawyer, the origi- nal parts retained were the frame, the chimneys with fire-
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