USA > New York > Allegany County > A Centennial Memorial History of Allegany county, New York > Part 42
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General Training .- Where the race track of the Wellsville Fair Associa- tion is now situated, militia encampments or " general trainings " were once periodically held. Samuel A. Earley tells of his visit to one in 1835. He was but a mere stripling of a boy, but can remember the affair well, for it was an episode in his career. Boys and girls, men and women, everybody was there. It was more than a circus, better than a Fourth of July. There were bands of martial music, to the strains of which the proud civilian sol- diery marched and maneuvered. Peddlers and auctioneers were numerous. Gingerbread, peanuts, cider, honey, and yankee notions found a ready sale. Captain Wm. Cowles of Bolivar, Capt. Jonathan B. Potter, the " old Indian " of Almond, Capt. Thos. Applebee of Friendship, and Col. Knight of Scio, who had command of the " training " were among the officers present.
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Fourth of July Dance .- The dance in 1849, at McClane's tavern, situated on Main directly across State street from the present McEwen site, was an affair typical of the lumber country. Rustic swains with their sweethearts walked or rode in from the surrounding country. Sam and Ed. Wilkins, the best fiddlers in all Allegany, played their way into the hearts of the dancers. Sam's quaint calling of the "French Four " and the " Monie Musk" was an entertainment in itself. At 4 o'clock in the afternoon the dance began, and some of those present never missed a step till 10:30 the next forenoon. An elaborate spread, a regular dinner, was served at mid- night, after which those of the ladies who were " in style " made a new toilet with a change of gown and came on the floor sweeter and prettier than ever. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Johnson, Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Clark, Mr. and Mrs. E. A. Smith, Mr. and Mrs. Richard Burchell, Mr. Ephraim Proctor and Miss Mary Ann Jones, now Mrs. Tallman, were at the party.
Railroad Times .- Edward J. Farnum of Bath, a railroad surveyor, set- tled here in 1847, He became an extensive lumber dealer and one of our leading business men. Carlton, his brother, came in June, 1848, from Pennsylvania. In 1849 the Farnum store, still standing opposite the home- stead, was erected. Carlton, who had been keeping the postoffice in a store on the McEwen corner of State and Main streets, moved his goods and the postoffice across the river into the new building where he remained till 1851. This location of the postoffice out of the business section gave rise to con- siderable fault finding. Until the railroad had actually been completed, however, there was a question about its crossing theriver. When it became evident that it would remain on the east side, Mr. Farnum moved the post- office into the Empire Hall block which he built on the Opera House corner of State and Main streets. This building now stands on Main street near the Dike's Creek bridge. March 11, 1851, marked an epoch in our history, for then the first railroad train ran through here, bringing prosperity to the pretty hamlet which had sent each winter loads of " clear stuff " pine or shingles to Dansville in exchange for pork and flour .* Wellsville itself, thenceforth became the active, bustling market for a large section of sur- rounding country. New industries resulted from the energizing influence of the new business men who infused the village with a spirit of vital activ- ity and substantial prosperity. Lumbering, however, remained the princi- pal business of the community for some time. It was the basis for the making of many fortunes. For some months after the completion of the railroad the station was on Mill street. It is claimed by old residents that E. A. Smith and Nathaniel Johnson put such a price on lands along the road that the Erie hesitated long before purchasing real estate sufficient for
* In 1851 there was not a church edifice in the village. Wm. Pooler tells an interesting incident relative to this religious backwardness. Early in '51 the Erie brought a stranger here who put up at the tavern for a few days to look the village over and decide upon the wisdom of making it his permanent home. He became well satisfied, it is said, with everything until he realized that the settlement had existed 19 years without a church. This turned him against the place and Wellsville lost a wealthy and influential settler. At this time both the Methodists and Baptists were holding meetings, but it was not till '52 that the M. E. church was erected.
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switch yards, station, etc. There is a tradition (which the writer has found impossible to verify) that, had it not been for the exorbitant demands of our property holders. Wellsville instead of Hornellsville would have been made the division terminus. However, the same tradition honors Nathaniel John- son by ascribing to him the making of a most excellent contract with the Erie, requiring it to stop every passenger train here.
Change of Name. .- In 1852 the Erie railroad officials named the station at this place Genesee, because here the Erie first touched the Genesee river. The citizens, however, preferred Wellsville, and when in '55 a township was set off from Scio, Andover and Willing, it was by common consent called Wellsville like the village which for twelve years had been known by that name. There were those, however, who preferred the melodious and in many ways appropriate "Genesee," and on April 4, 1871, a few influential ones succeeded in getting through the legislature an act changing the name of the village to "Genesee." This was very quietly, if not secretly, done and considerably surprised the good people of Wellsville, the majority of whom favored the old name. April 11, 1871, the electors voted to reincor- porate under the law of 1870. The certificate as filed reincorporated the village as "Wellsville." Here was confusion indeed; our legislative name was Genesee; the corporate name. Wellsville; and the Erie station, Genesee; while the people called the place Wellsville. June 14, 1873, a special act of the legislature, which had been petitioned for and urged by citizens, changed the name from Genesee to Wellsville, to be so designated in all courts and places. Section 2 of this act changed the name of the Erie station to Wells- ville, and instructed the officials to recognize and adopt such name on and after Jan. 1, 1874. The Erie very reluctantly did so, changing baggage checks, tickets, printed matter, etc., from Genesee to Wellsville. Thus the largest southern settlement on the far-famed and beautiful Genesee river lost a melodious name. It was not that our citizens failed to appreciate the beauty of the word Genesee. There was already a Geneseo in the state, a Genesee township and a Little Genesee postoffice in the county, and a Gen- esee Forks, but eleven miles distant. And thus it was that to avoid confu- sion Wellsville retained its first name in honor of its pioneer land owner Gardiner Wells.
Wellsville village was reincorporated in April 1871, H. H. Nye, presi- dent. It then covered 590 and 61-100 acres. It was enlarged Nov. 16, 1883, and reincorporated in 1884; the survey being made by R. H. Lee. It has 1,297 acres of land and 163 miles of streets. The assessed valuation in 1894 was $1,100,000. The boundaries in 1895 are:
Beginning on the northwesterly line of the residence of Ambrose G. Coats on Main street the corpora- tion line passes to the rear of the home of the late John Crowner on High St., includes in the village the resi- dence of Mr. W. C. Ross, above High St., thence to Niles Hill road taking in W. H. Dawson's property, crossing King St., at the junction of King with Clark St., cutting West Main St., at the Serena place, on through the Genesee river taking most of the Fair Ground, thence through Main St. at the north line of Thos. Morrison's lot (south line of Great lot 5 which runs to the south east corner of said lot) thence north, taking in Morris Wilson's and the N = rsery lot, crossing Rauber St. on the west line of the Rauber farm, onward north
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to the northeast corner of lot No. 4. Easterly crossing the land of W. H. Miller, taking in all of the village lot on Dike St. at the point of junction of Trapping Brook road with Dike St. thence due west cutting Dike's Creek and State street, so as to pass through the dwelling of Mr. Lewis Johnson, west to the southeast corner of lot 28, onward North including the lots of R. H Lee, Dr. Gena and Wm. Stevens, crossing Madison St. through the residence of Geo. Cross, to the northeast corner of lot No. 27, to a point about 40 rods east of Briggs St., thence north parallell with Briggs St. taking in the residences on Briggs St. to a point north of the junction of Briggs and Farnum Sts., and then south westerly to the place of beginning; comprising an area of 1,297 acres.
The corporation is composed of these lots and parts of lots. Numbers 1, 2, 3. 4, 5, 20, 21, 22, 27. parts of lots 31, 34, of Willing and Francis Tract, in Range 1, and parts of lots 2, 5, 40, 41, of the Robt. Morris Reserve in Range 2, and part of lot 24 Schermerhorn Tract, Range 1, and contains 46 streets which have a length of 16} miles. Beginning on the " Brooklyn " side of the Genesee River the streets are: King, Fassett. Clark, Pine, Pleasant, High, Factory, Earley, Stevens, Howard, Chamberlain, Seneca. On the east side of the Genesee: Main, Rauber, Hanover, Osborne, Dike, West Dike, State, Jefferson, Mill, Broad, Harrison, River, Madison, Second, Third, Furnace, Jefferson, Pearl, Lee Ave., Genesee, Depot, Loder, Elm, Martin, Grove, Lombard, Chestnut, Briggs, Furnace, Farnum, O'Connor, Coats, West Main, and Lewis Ave. State, West Main, and West Dike Sts., cross the Genesee river. State, Mill and Genesee streets cross Main St. Loder, a private street, belongs to the Erie Railway.
The village presidents have been: I. N. Stoddard, '58; W. H. Coats, '59; Nathaniel Johnson, '60; Austin Dunton, '61; Wm. Bartlett, '62, '63; L. D. Davis, '64, '65, '66; D. L. Vaughan, '67, '68; Dr. H. H. Nye, '69, '70; John Foland, '71; E. J. Farnum, '72; Hiram A. Coats, '73; James Macken, '74; A. A. Howard, '75, '76, '77; James Thornton was elected to fill unexpired term caused by Howard's death, but did not accept, and, failing to qualify, W. B. Coats was elected, '78; George Howe, '79; S. F. Hanks, '80; O. P. Taylor, '81; Henry L. Jones, '82; D. C. Ackerman, '83, '84; Joseph Doty, '85; A. S. Brown, '86, '87; D. C. Ackerman, '88, '89; A. J. Applebee, '90; W. C. Kendall, '91, '92; A. S. Brown, '93; Grant Duke, '94, '95. The present trustees (1895) are: Grant Duke pres. ; W. C. Kendall, E. D. Clark, Martin Moogan and Wm. L. Rogers. E. J. Farnum, elected in 1872, was the first president chosen by the people. Under the incorporation of '58 the trustees chose their own presiding officer, the reincorporation in '71 empowered the electors to chose a president and granted him new powers of administration.
It is decidedly doubtful if ever again in the history of Wellsville any decade will see over 20 new business places equipped in substantial new brick blocks. Such was the case in the years '80 to '90. During this decade as many old stores were thoroughly repaired and furnished with plate-glass fronts. Beginning at Pearl street the new blocks on the west side of Main street were: The Reporter; Thurston, now Cummings; Thornton and Bald- win blocks. On the east side: the Wm. Duke; O'Connor; 1st Nat'l Bank; block adjoining bank; Lewis Bank & Gas Co's. and the Grant Duke block. In '88 there was erected in the rear and connected with Baldwin block a fine and large ground-floor theater. It has seats for 500 and can accommodate
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1,200 by using the very deep stage. The history of this wonderful '80-'90 decade would be incomplete with no mention of the remarkable roller- skating craze. We had a great rink at the foot of River street with the finest hardwood floor ever built in the county. During the winter of '84 a band of music was in attendance every evening and gay crowds were skating away for dear life. The craze passed away as suddenly as it came and the rink was transformed into a theatre by Thornton & Dobbins. It was totally destroyed by fire a few days before it was to have been opened. It was in this decade that the village saw its wickedest as well as liveliest days. With the oil excitement came scores of reckless men and dissolute women. In '84 we had 55 places where liquor was sold and a half-dozen houses of ill- fame. A law and order league was organized and finally succeeded in driv- ing out the greater part of the most depraved element and closing many of the saloons. Prominent in this league were Samuel Hanks, L. S. Anderson, A. O. Very. T. P. Otis, James Thornton, A. R. Hill and others.
Following this decade came reaction. The town had " boomed " on the basis of the oil business, which saw its palmiest days in '82 and was to find its dreariest period just ten years later. In '92 the oil market touched the lowest point in the history of this field's development, averaging but 55 cents a barrel. Sharply following this came the financial panic of '93 spreading disaster from the Atlantic to the Pacific. A year saw two banks and a num- ber of business firms forced to make assignments. Real-estate values and rents, which had been steadily going down for several years, reached the lowest point. The Lewis bank failure, Aug. 14, 1893, and the Baldwin bank failure, Jan. 9, 1894, tied up the currency at the very time depositors were most in need, and disastrous results to all our people were narrowly averted. That the town has recovered so remarkably is characteristic of its stability. In the year '93, the very worst of the depression, an electric light company was franchised. The plant is now owned by the water company, whose pumps and machinery, with the electric dynamos, etc., are located in a brick structure on the "Brooklyn " side of State street. In the spring of '95 the sudden rise in the value of oil wonderfully brightened the outlook for local business. This advance in price has stimulated drilling and put considera- ble money in circulation. The absorption of the W. C. & P. C. R. R. by the Buffalo & Susquehanna system brought another element of prosperity. The Citizens National Bank was organized and began business early in '95, while the prospect in all departments of trade brightened materially. Though the past five years saw the greatest depression in our business affairs, they also marked the construction of our most costly buildings. The theater had just been completed; the Methodist church, corner of Broadway and Mad- ison streets, was erected in '93; the Union School building at a cost of $28, - 000, in '92; an $18,000 City Hall in '94. The new station of the B. & S. R. R. on State street, and several fine residences, including those of W. C. Ross, A. S. Brown and Sidney Frisbey, and the Baptist and Congregational par- sonages were all built within five years. The Stillman & Ross greenhouses
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HISTORY OF ALLEGANY COUNTY, N. Y.
were recently built. The church of The Immaculate Conception to cost $50,000 is under construction on Harrison street. "The village has always been considered an important point on the Erie railroad and all through passenger and mail trains on the western division stop here. The Erie's pay-roll in Wellsville approximates $2,500 a month and its local cash receipts aggregate $25,000 a month. These figures tell a business story which needs no comment. The transactions at the postoffice repeat the tale. From 1888 to 1890 the receipts more than doubled, and, despite the financial depression, have increased $1,000 in five years. gaining pretty nearly half that amount in the past 18 months. The First National Bank has deposits of $350,000 and transacts a conservative loan, discount and collection business of great volume. The Citizens' National, recently chartered, already holds deposits of $125,000 and publishes an excellent report of its condition."
Schools .- The first public school was kept in 1832. As the town grew other district schools were founded and the one of '32 was moved succes- sively from the cornor of State and Main to Broad and Mill in '37, and in '42 to the present Union School property, where is now, after being twice de- stroyed by fire, a substantial brick structure. There are now 10 whole districts, 5 joint districts and 12 schoolhouses in the township. The lives of the district schools, with the exception of those which have united with Union Free School District No. 1, have been decidedly uneventful. Progress, however, has been yearly made, the schoolhouses are more convenient, the methods of instruction improved and the teachers much better qualified to impart instruction. District No. 2 (Brooklyn) employs 4 teachers. In 1858 the Main street schoolhouse was a small building with a single room. April 12, 1859, it was voted to erect a new house which was completed by Jan. 1, 1860, and cost $1,868.50. Nov. 16, 1859, it was resolved by a two-thirds vote to create a Union Free School District. The members of the first board of education were: Charles Collins, Hiram York, H. M. Sheerar, G. W. Russell, Wm. Peebles, W. H. Coats, Edmond Baldwin. W. S. Johnson and I. W. Fas- sett. In 1860 the average attendance was 209. The teachers were: Prof. A. C. Spicer, principal; Mrs. A. C. Spicer, assistant; Mrs. T. L. Smith, in- termediate; Miss L. A. Wildman, primary. The principals have been A. C. Spicer, F. A. Williams, A. H. Lewis, G. S. Hicks, M. B. Rankin, D. A. Blakeslee, D. L. Freeborn, Prof. de la Rochette, C. B. Macken, J. L. Burritt, C. M. Harding and L. W. Craig. Mrs. Addie Elwell has had the longest serv- ice in the school, having taught there 25 years. April 1, 1865, the legislature ratified all the acts of the trustees and incorporated the school. Feb. 27, 1876, the schoolhouse was burned. A new one costing $7,000 was immedi- ately erected on the old site. Until this was completed school was held in the Keystone block, and five teachers were employed.
The Regents System .- In February, 1882, the board of education was made up of A. O. Very, James Thornton, J. H. Preasall, G. W. Pierce, M. Macken, Mrs. B. C. Rude, L. S. Anderson, Mrs. T. P. Otis and W. W. Nichols. The faculty consisted of C. B. Macken, principal; Mrs. Bingham, 1st assistant;
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Miss Flora Parish, A intermediate; Miss Ida Ross, B intermediate; Miss Bridget Shaughnessy, primary. April 3, 1882, by a vote of 7 to 2 the trus- tees voted to establish an academic department under the government of the Regents of the University of the State of New York, to take effect July 1, 1882. Considerable opposition was manifested. June 3, 1882, the board elected a new principal and added one teacher to the faculty which was now: J. L. Burritt, principal; Miss Carrie Coats, 1st assistant; Mrs. Bingham, Grammar department; Mrs. Elwell, A intermediate; Miss Sarah Yorke, B intermediate; Miss B. Shaughnessy, primary. Prof. Burritt thoroughly reorganized the school, and the entire course of instruction was revolution- ized. He was aided and encouraged by the board, whose faithful endeavor to care for the best interests of education among us, has been crowned by lasting success.
At the annual election of trustees following the introduction of the Regents' system. 200 votes were cast. a very unusual number. and James Thornton, A. O. Very, T. Frank Fisher were re-elected by a good majority, though not without a heated opposition. Prof. Burritt's salary of $1,000 was increased May 7. 1883, to $1,250, and July 1, 1884, to $1,500. Dec. 1, 1884, C. M. Harding of Canton, Pa., was engaged as vice principal at a salary of $600. In 1885 a large addition was made to the building and a new system of heating and ventilation costing $5,575 was put in. Dec. 18, 1885, Prof. J. L. Burritt resigned. Prof. Harding became principal at a salary of $1.000 (increased in March, 1887, to $1,250). Mrs. Hallock became vice principal, she was succeeded by E. M. Lake in 1886, who was followed by Prof. Noll. The school building and contents was destroyed by fire in the spring of 1891. The insurance covered the loss and the building now occupied was immedi- ately commenced. In 1893 Prof. L. W. Craig became principal, at a salary of $1,250. The faculty now is, Lewis W. Craig, A. M., principal, Greek and Latin; Chas. E. Bryant, vice principal, Science and Mathematics: Louie J. Sackett, Training Class and History; Mary E. Fassett, Language and Litera- ture; Ella Ione Foster, eighth grade; M. Adell Fuller, seventh grade; Mary S. Wilcox, sixth grade; Mrs. A. T. Elwell, fifth grade; Sarah Plain, fifth grade extra; Charlotte R. Boothe, fourth grade; Nellie E. Devore, third grade; B. T. Shaughnessy, second grade; Kate Day, first grade.
Wellsville Union and High School has now a building which in beauty, conveniences, and sanitary conditions is not surpassed by any in Western New York. Completed in 1892, it is built of brick and stone, and contains ample grade and recitation rooms, a large laboratory, a well-arranged library room, and a hall, for literary and other exercises, with a seating capacity for 650 people. The chemical laboratory is furnished with desks, gas and water for individual experimental work. Four 60 count, two 70-count, one 80- count, one 90-count and 21 academic diplomas were granted in 1894-5. A teachers training class is maintained. 559 students were in attendance in 1894- 5; 127 in the High School. There are 111 non-resident pupils. Sincethe first class graduated in 1885, 86 have received Regents' diplomas. The board of
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education is A. G. Coats, president; Geo. E. Brown. A. S. Brown, O. L. Mather, Rev. Geo. Buch, O. A. Fuller, Geo. Rosa, Mrs. Mary L. Bruce, Mrs. L. A. Marvin. O. D. Browning is clerk and F. H. Furman treasurer.
CHURCHES. First Seventh-day Baptist Church .- The Seventh-day Baptists have been long represented in Wellsville. On March 4, 1830, Deacon Jesse Rowley made his home in the dense forest then occupying the site of Wells- ville village, when only a few families were scattered from Stannard's Corners to Amity. The deacon, a godly man, sought religious associations and held meetings. A council held at his residence, May 16, 1834, organized a church with these members: Jesse, Charles, Nathan and Mary Rowley, Amos L. Maxson, William Davis, Joseph and Elizabeth Flint, Justus Seeley, Jonathan and Achsah Fisk, Stephen Tanner, Joseph Flint, John D. Green, Sally Straite and Lydia Ammadown. This body was weak in numbers and in funds and affiliated with the Amity church, and was in the course of years
merged with the Scio organization. No other organization of this faith ex- isted here until 1885, when the church named above was formed, September 9th, with these members: Dr. Jasper W. Coller, Mrs. Ardoette G., his wife, Mrs. Prudence Smith, Hosea B. Marion, Mrs. Esther A. Miller, Mrs. Eliza Rowley, Mrs. Ida M. Irish, Ira S. Crandall, Mrs. Mary E. Almy, Mrs. Hattie E. Goodliff, Mrs. Waity A. Witter, Simeon B. Smith, Minerva E. his wife, Abram W. Sullivan, Della M. his wife, Joshua Green, Sarah C. his wife, Lorenzo Witter, Mattie A. his wife. Three of the constituent mem- bers, Hosea B. Marion, Mrs. Eliza Rowley and Mrs. Minerva E. Smith, have died. The additions since organization have been, 44; the dismissions by letter have been, 10; the exclusions, 2; the deaths, 6; present membership (34 resident, 11 non-resident) 45. The succession of pastors is: Rev. Leander E. Livermore, Sept. 9, 1885, to June 1, 1888, Rev. Joshua Clarke from June 1, 1888, to Aug. 13, 1892, Rev. Henry L. Jones from Nov. 16, 1893, to the present. The deacons have been, Ira S. Crandall since September, 1885, Henry L. Jones from Dec. 12, 1888, until his removal April 1, 1892, to Verona, N. Y., where he was ordained. He returned and became pastor in November, 1893. J. W. Coller, M. D., has been church clerk from the beginning. Services are held at 11 A. M. in the Disciples' church on Mill street east of the rail- road. Sabbath school immediately follows the morning service. Mrs. E. E. Crandall is superintendent.
First Congregational Church .*- In 1841 Angelica Presbytery appointed Revs. A. S. Allen of Andover, Benjamin Russell of Belmont and Elder Perry a committee charged with the special duty of organizing a Presbyterian church in Wellsville. This committee met 17 professing Christians of Wellsville, July 6, 1841, in the schoolhouse standing on the corner of Mill and Broad streets where is now the residence of Miss Anah Baldwin. These persons related their experience and became members: Mr. and Mrs. Nor- man Perry, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas G. Conklin, Mr. and Mrs. James Dunham, Mrs. Perces Y. Johnson, Mrs. Lucinda Gowdy, Mrs. Betsey Ann Lee, Mrs.
* By H. M. Sheerar.
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Polly Shingler, Mrs. Louisa Harmon, Misses Betsey, Sally and Catherine Bellamy, Miss Mary Dunham (Mrs. Dwight Goodrich), Miss Louisa Dun- ham and Miss Charlotte Finn. The confession of faith of Phillipsville (Bel- mont) church was adopted. Prayer was offered by Rev. B. Russell. The " charge " was by Rev. A. S. Allen, and then " A resolution made them the first Presbyterian church of Wellsville." James Dunham and Norman Perry were chosen elders, and Thomas Conklin clerk. These persons united by letter: (Those with a * annexed and Mrs. Dwight Goodrich were mem- bers in March, 1895.) John F. Godard and wife, Josph Shaut and wife, Geo. F. Ely, Mrs. Hannah Purple, Mrs. Emaline Hills, Mrs. Phoebe Taylor, Miss Anna Reynolds, Miss Margarette Pratt, Miss Nancy Cole, Mrs. Silas Hills, Mrs. John Carpenter,* Mrs. John Dayton, Mrs. Sarah Johnston, Julius Hoyt," Henry Lewis" and Myron Fuller. The first communion service was in December, 1842, Rev. Mr. Reynolds officiating, when John F. Godard and wife united by letter. The first infant baptism was administered by Rev. Mr. Reynolds to John L., son of John F. Godard. The first addition by profession of faith was Myron Fuller. The first death was that of Polly Shingler. The first preparatory lecture was by Nathaniel Hammond in 1847, when he became pastor. He continued in this relation until Feb. 26. 1853, when he delivered his last preparatory lecture, and, on the Sunday follow- ing, administered the holy sacrament for the last time to this church.
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