USA > New York > Columbia County > History of Columbia County, New York. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 103
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BOSTON CORNERS
is a small hamlet situated at the junction of the three rail- roads running through the town. It contains one hotel, oue
store, one blacksmith-shop, a fine depot, and about a dozen dwellings, of which nearly half are in the town of North East, in Dutchess county. The name was given to the locality when the State of Massachusetts owned the trian- gular tract of land lying west of the Taghkanic mountains. The mountain formed an almost impassable barrier between this spot and the seat of civil authority, and it became a sort of " city of refuge" for criminals and outlaws of all classes, who fled to it to escape from the reach of the officers of the law. On this account it also became a resort of prize-fighters, who could here carry out their brutal and inhuman purposes secure from the interference of the authorities. The celebrated fight between John Morrissey and " Yankee" Sullivan occurred here. For these reasons it finally became necessary to make some change to enable the civil authorities to coforce the laws protective of peace and property, and in December, 1848, the inhabitants pe- titioned to be annexed to the State of New York. The State of Massachusetts consented in May, 1853. The ces- sion was accepted by New York, July 21, 1853; confirmed by Congress, Jan. 3, 1855 ; and the corner was annexed to Ancram, April 13, 1857.
The first hotel-keeper here was a man named Albison, who also kept a store. His building was on the site of the present hotel, and was torn down in 1857-58, and rebuilt by Abram I. Vosburgh, whose son, M. B. Vosburgh, is the present proprietor. Ou a brick was found the date of the erection, but it is not remembered, and the brick is lost. Albison also owned a grist-mill, a carding-machine, a fulling and cloth-dressing mill, and a saw-mill, all located on the brook near the present depot. These buildings were aban- doned and torn down many years ago, the last one being demolished by the New York and Harlem railroad in 1852. This property was also owned among others by Horace Langdon, Jacob Decker, Andris Van Deusen, James Free- man, and Milo Barnum, father of William II. Barnum, the present United States senator from Connecticut, who was born here.
David Williams started the first blacksmith-shop about 1818. He was a Welshman and came from New Jersey. His shop was on the corner near the line of the town of North East.
Smith Vosburgh kept the first store, near the depot, at the place now kept by Eugene MeIntyre.
WEED MINE
is a post-office recently established at the Weed ore-bed, on the north line of the town. The buildings all belong to the owners or employees of the mine. The settlement lies partly in Copake.
ANCRAM CENTRE,
otherwise known as "Scotchtown" and " Black Rock," is a locality near the centre of the town. The first name was derived from the first settlers, who were Scotch people. The other was given it in ridicule of a man named John A. Rockefeller, who owned the mill and kept a store there. Ile was a Republican in politics, and his Democratic neigh- bors called his locality " Black Rockefeller's," which was finally abbreviated to " Black Rock." The mill at this
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
place was built by Livingston about 1775, for a Mr. Mabey, the father of Henry Mabey, late of Ancram. It was owned afterwards by Robert Van Deusen, who bought it of Liv- ingston, and for a period of eigliteen years by John Rocke- feller. In the spring of 1865 it was purchased by the present owner, Eason Card. It is located on Punch brook, a mile north of Ancram Lead Mines, and has three runs of stone driven by a fourteen-foot overshot wheel. It is used only for custom grinding. During the anti-rent troubles a society was organized in Ancram, which met at the house of Rockefeller. There were but a few members, and only one meeting was held. During this exciting period the barns and out-buildings of David K. Tripp, in the west part of the town, were burned by the anti-renters.
CEMETERIES.
There were a number of private burial-grounds in this town, but they have mostly been neglected so long as to be almost beyond recognition. There are no incorporated cemeteries, and many of the citizens go to Millerton, Pine Plains, and Copake to bury the dead.
There is a small ground near Boston Corners, the oldest stone in which is dated 1807. It is that of Isaac Rogers. His wife Anna survived him till 1835, when she died at the age of one hundred years, six months, and seventeen days. There is another small ground at the East Ancram Methodist Episcopal church, containing about one-half acre, the earliest burial there being in 1845.
In the west part of the town, one-half mile south of Ancram, is another ground of about the same size, which is very full. It is called the Free ground. The oldest stone, and the only one erected previous to 1800, is that of Captain Joseph Elliott, who died October 13, 1796.
The largest ground is near Ancram, opposite the Lu- theran church. It is pleasantly located on rolling ground, and contains six or seven acres. It was first opened about 1845. It is owned partly by the Lutheran church and partly by the Brandt family.
EAST ANCRAM METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH.
In the month of September, 1844, Rev. Lewis McK. Pease, pastor of the Copake Methodist Episcopal church, held a grove-meeting in the grove that then occupied the site of the present church edifice. Many converts were gained, and it was thought best to organize a society, which was accordingly done on the 12th day of April, 1845. The meeting was held in the school-house near the church, and was presided over by Duncan McArthur, and Daniel Shook acted as secretary. John W. Pulver, Tallmadge Pul- ver, Andrus Lyke, Alexander Smith, David Downs, Alanson Shumway, Duncan McArthur, Arthur McArthur, and Elias Reynolds were elected trustees.
The church was built during the summer of 1845, at a cost of $1100, exclusive of considerable work done by those who desired to assist the good work. It was dedicated by Rev. J. Z. Nichols, in October, 1845. It was repaired in 1873, at a cost of $800, and reopened for public worship Oct. 2, 1873, Rev. S. M. Terry, of New York, preaching the dedicatory sermon. This church was the first built within the present limits of the town. From the date of its
organization until 1856 this church was connected with the Copake charge, but since that time has been connected with the Ancram church.
The pastors have been Revs. L. M. Pease, Loyal B. An- drus, Jeremiah Ham, Aaron Hunt, Jr., Cyrus G. Prindle, Marvin R. Lent, Isaac K. Lent, R. S. Amerman, Thomas Ellis, Edward Ashton, Hiram Lamont, Abram Davis, Ben- jamin H. Burch, Edward Ashton, James Burch, J. H. Michell, S. P. Gallaway, and Adee Vail, the present pastor, who was appointed to this charge in the spring of 1878. The present officers are Eason Card, George Eggleston, William Iloag, and William Tanner, trustees; Eason Card, George Eggleston, William W. Tanner, and William Tan- ner, stewards.
The number of members is sixty, and the Sabbath-school numbers forty-five scholars.
JANES METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCHI.
This church was organized in 1854, and was then con- nected with Copake church. Preliminary meetings were held at the school-house by Rev. Alexander II. Ferguson, then of Pine Plains.
The church edifice was erected in 1855 by Henry Seism, and cost about $2500. In 1867 or 1868 an addition of fifteen feet was made in the rear of the church.
The first parsonage was located at the north corners, and was a gift from Arthur McArthur. It cost $1100, and was sold five or six years since to Mrs. Thomas Scutt. The society then purchased the present parsonage adjoining the church, and fitted it for occupancy at a total cost of about $1500. The entire church property is now valued at 84000. The church was dedicated by and named after Bishop Janes. He once taught school here, and while attending a protracted meeting held at the school-house was converted, and at once turned his attention to the work of preparing himself for the ministry. The pastors have been Revs. R. S. Amerman, Thomas Ellis, Edward Ashton, Hiram La- mont, Abram Davis, Benjamin H. Burch, Edward Ashton, James Burch, J. H. Michell, S. P. Gallaway, and Rev. Adce Vail, the present pastor.
The first trustees were elected at a meeting held May 2, 1855, and were Henry Hoysradt, Freeland MeDaniel, Wil- liam Belcher, John Van Benschoten, Edward II. Sheldon, Andrew Scott, and Isaac Miller.
The present membership is one hundred and twenty, and there are in addition to that number nine probationers.
The Sabbath-school, which has existed since the organ- ization of the church, now numbers about eighty members, and has a library of one hundred and fifty volumes. The officers are John Porter, superintendent ; John Roraback, assistant superintendent ; Jane M. Rossman, secretary ; Leila Simpson, treasurer ; Mrs. M. Loomis, librarian.
ST. JOHN'S EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH.
This society was organized at a meeting held at the house of Adam Coon, two miles from Ancram, on the 21st of November, 1846. William W. Hoysradt presided and Abraham F. Miller was secretary. There were twenty-five. members, whose names were Jacob, Mary, Adam, and Philip Coon, Mr. and Mrs. Peter Johnson, Mr. and Mrs.
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
John Mcintyre, Mrs. Henry Strever, Mr. and Mrs. George Finkle, Henry Englekee, Mrs. J. P. White, Mrs. Henry Hoffman, Mr. and Mrs. John I. Lown, Widow Lown, Eliza- beth Turner, Mrs. Henry Hoysradt, Mrs. Tiel Dennis, John Hines, Margaret Shook, Regina House, Lydia C. Traver, and Clarissa Cryne.
Steps were taken to build a church, subscriptions were made by one hundred and three persons to an aggregate amount of $1334, and at a subsequent meeting held at the house of John H. Miller, in Gallatin, Peter P. Rossman, Jacob F. Suydam, and Henry Silvernail were appointed as a building committee. The work was pushed forward and the church erected during the summer of 1847. A Mr. Traver, from Valatie, did the work. The cost of the build- ing was $2400. The site was purchased of Claudius Mo- nell, and contains a little over an acre of ground. In the fall of 1854 the front of the church was extended about fifteen feet and a belfry added, costing about $1000 in all. The parsonage was built during the pastorate of Rev. Matthew Mallinson, about 1853, at a cost of about $1500. The value of the church property is not far from $6000.
Commencing with the small number above named, the society has constantly increased in numbers until it now has a membership of one hundred and seventy. Three hun- dred and eighty-four persons have had their names inscribed upon its roll of members.
The pastors have been as follows, viz. : Revs. William Askam, Matthew Mallinson, Nicholas Wert, William Hull, Matthew Mallinson, William H. Shalland, John L. Smith- deal, A. N. Daniels, and John Kling, who is the present pastor, and entered upon this field of labor in the spring of 1877. Rev. John L. Smithdeal died while pastor of this church, May 1, 1871.
The first ecclesiastical officers of the church were elected Aug. 20, 1859, as follows, viz .: Cornelius Silvernail and Franklin Hoysradt, deacons; Jeremiah Williams, Jacob Lasher, and Abraham A. Vosburgh, elders.
John Scism, Philip H. Turner, Archelaus Brandt, George H. Niver, Hiram Williams, Lyman A. Backman, Michael Rowe, Philip M. Lown, and Talmadge Decker have also served as deacons, the three last named being the present incumbents.
Jonas Felts, Cornelius Silvernail, George Palmer, Her- mon Miller, and Abraham A. Vosburgh have served as elders, and the three last named are the present elders.
The church was incorporated July 15, 1847, at a meet- ing held at the school-house in district No. 7, at four o'clock p.M. Peter Lasher and Peter P. Rossman pre- sided. Seven trustees were elected, as follows, viz .: Peter Lasher, Henry Silvernail, John I. Lown, Jonas Felts, Peter P. Rossman, Jacob Loucks, and Jacob F. Suydam. The present trustees are James E. Stickle, John J. Stickle, Ellsworth J. Brandt, Robert Hinsdale, Robert Backman, and Horace Vosburgh. There are four Sabbath-schools connected with this church. The Ancram school numbers about fifty scholars, and its library contains about one hundred volumes. The officers are Rev. John Kling, superintendeut ; Abraham A. Vosburgh, assistant super- intendent ; Philip M. Lown, secretary ; Rosa Woodward, treasurer ; Philip M. Lown, librarian. 52
The Gallatinville school numbers about forty, and is under the superintendence of Jacob Edleman. Miss Kate Bush, secretary.
The school at the Weaver school-house, in the north part of Gallatin, has about fifty scholars. George Palmer is the superintendent, and P. P. Bush is the secretary.
The fourth school is at the Niver school-house, in district No. 3. Abraham A. Vosburgh is the superintendent, and John Felts the secretary. It has a membership of about thirty scholars.
ANCRAM LEAD MINES PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
This church was built in the summer of 1847, by Ezra Burrows, of Copake, at a total cost of $3500. The lot was donated by John and Adam Hoysradt, and was situated about two miles northwest of Ancram Lead Mines, on the Ancram road. It was built as a Union church, the Luth- erans being entitled to the use of the building one-fourth of the time. It was dedicated in June, 1848, by Rev. Dr. Darling, of Albany, then of Hudson. In the fall of 1859 the church was taken down, and rebuilt at its present loca- tion in Ancram Lead Mines. The present site was given by William Tanner. The removal and repairs cost alto- gether about $1150. It was re-dedicated in June, 1860; Rev. William Leavitt, of Hudson, preaching the sermon. The present valuation of the property is about $3000.
The church was a branch of the Pine Plains church until 1877, when the church was separately organized. The orig- inal number of members was about twenty-five, and the present number is about forty-five. There were quite ex- tensive revivals in 1866-67, and in 1877-78. The last one added twenty three to the church.
The society was incorporated at a meeting held in the church on the 12th of February, 1867. John M. Smith and Duncan K. Pulver presided, and Asa Hoag, John M. Smith, Henry Hoysradt, Eaton H. Card, Backus McIntyre, and Hiram Hoysradt were elected trustees.
The present officers are Frederick C. Barton, Egbert Miller, Duncan K. Pulver, A. C. Niver, James Mickle, John M. Smith, trustees ; John M. Smith and Duncan K. Pulver, elders ; George H. Hopper, clerk.
While connected with Pine Plains Presbyterian church Rev. William N. Sayre was the pastor. Since the separa- tion, July 1, 1877, Rev. Emory Van Wagoner has been pastor.
The Sunday-school is a summer school, and was first or- ganized about 1850-55, with William H. Smith as super- intendent. The present membership is about sixty, and the library contains over one hundred and fifty volumes. The present officers are John M. Smith, superintendent ; Mrs. Evelyn Hoysradt, assistant superintendent ; William N. Smith, secretary ; Mrs. Elizabeth Barton, treasurer ; Albert L. Hoysradt, librarian.
ANCRAM IRON-WORKS.
The town of Ancram first derived prominence and noto- riety from the iron-works erected by Robert Livingston, grandson of the first lord of the manor, at Ancram village, in 1748. This was the first, and for many years the only iron-works in the colony. The furnace stood on the site of
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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
the present paper-mill, at the south end of the bleaching- room. The top-house was on the north side. There were four forges built at different times,-one stood near the furnace, one stood nearly opposite on the east side of the kill, one stood near the dam on the west side, and the other was about eighty rods down the stream on the west bank. The one near the dam was carried away by a freshet in the spring of 1839. The others were torn down, with the ex- ception of the lower one, which was afterwards converted into a dwelling. The ore used was formerly brought from Salisbury, Conn., in carts, but about 1830-35 they began to get ore from the Copake mine. The ore was first made into pig-iron in the furnace, and then refined in the forges, and made into bar, and rod-iron of all kinds. The manu- factures of this furnace won a wide reputation for their excellence. When running full force the works furnished employment for from sixty to one hundred men as colliers, teamsters, founders, blacksmiths, etc. The iron-works re- mained in the possession of the Livingston family until 1845, when it was sold under foreclosure of mortgage to Peter P. Rossman and Joseph D. Monell. In 1847, Ross- man sold out to Monell, who held it till 1853; when he sold to George W. Platner. In 1854 the furnace was torn down, and a paper-mill was erected on the site by Platner and Elizur Smith, of Lee, Mass. It was afterwards owned by Stephen H. Platner and Peter G. Conkling, and was sold by them in 1859 to Messrs. Peaslee & Carpenter, of Kinderhook, who erected the present
PEASLEE'S PAPER-MILL.
It was not built all at once, but the different buildings were put up from time to time during the four years suc- ceeding the sale. In 1864 they rebuilt the dam in a very durable manner. The present proprietor, George H. Peas- lee, succeeded this firm in 1868, and continues the business. This mill is the largest one in Columbia county. The main building, which is fifty-four by ninety feet and two stories high, staods east and west, and is flanked by two wings one and a half stories high, the southern one being the machine- room, sixty by ninety-five feet, and the northern one the - bleach-room, fifty-seven by seventy-six feet. The buildings are built of heavy cut stone and covered with slate roofs. They cost about $50,000. The machines (one seventy- two-inch, and one sixty-eight-inch cylinder) are set upon iron beams, supported by iron columns, and turn out an aggregate of from twenty to twenty-five tons of wrapping- paper each week. The materials used are about thirty tons of straw, five or six tons of lime, and twenty tous of coal each week, and employment is afforded for forty-five or fifty hands. The water is carried from the dam in a trunk three hundred feet long, and furnishes power to run three turbine-wheels,-one of' seventy-five horse-power and two of twenty horse-power each. The fall in the stream is thirty feet at this point. In the bleach-room are eight boiling-tubs or vats, each having a capacity of four tons of staw, and the straw, after bleaching and washing, is ground to pulp in six engines, the roll-bars of which are thirty-six inches in length. The total cost of the buildings and machinery was about $100,000. The real estate connected with the mill consists of about fifty acres, exclusive of the
dam and water-privilege, and Mr. Peaslee owns about a dozen dwelling-houses, occupied mostly by his employees.
MINING INTERESTS.
There are four mines in Ancram,-three iron mines and one lead mine. The first of these in importance is the
WEED IRON MINE.
This is located on the north line of the town, about a mile and a half from the Massachusetts line. It was first opened about 1775-80, and the ore was then used at Salis- bury and at Ancram. About twenty years ago it was pur- chased by. Captain Weed, of Salisbury, Conn., and since that time it has been actively worked. Its owners since then have been the " Columbia County Iron Company," " Weed Iron Company," " Weed Ore Company." It is now being worked by George Williams, lessee, of Amenia, N. Y. It is worked by the open-cut method, and the present vein has been worked to a depth of about fifty feet. The ore mined here is hematite ore, of a fine quality, containing from forty-five to fifty and a half per cent. of metallic iron. About fifteen thousand tons are mined yearly, furnishing employment for about thirty men and several teams. The ore is taken from the mine in cars drawn by one horse on a railroad, and, after being washed in the Newbold washer, is loaded on the cars. There is an inclined plane seven hundred feet long, leading to the track of the New York and Harlem railroad, up which the ore is drawn in ears by a wire cable and drum run by steam-power. The Rhine- beck and Connecticut railroad track runs very near the mine. The pumps and washer are run by a twenty horse- power Rider steam-engine, and two smaller engines, the power being furnished by a flue boiler and a tubular boiler of forty horse-power each.
THE REYNOLDS ORE-BED
is located on the farm of Jesse Reynolds, three miles south of the Weed mine, near the foot of Chestnut ridge. It was first opened by Elias Reynolds about 1855-56. He prospected for and tested the ore, and finally sold a mining- lease covering thirty acres to James W. Wilson, of New York. It passed through the hands of a number of persons, being worked by them to a greater or less extent. Among these was the " Empire Company." The present owners are the " American Iron Company," of New York city, Francis A. Palmer president. It is leased on royalty by James M. Winchell & Son, of Millerton, N. Y. Since 1875 the mine has not been worked. The cut is about sixty feet deep, and of an irregular circular form, Some- times ten thousand tons of ore have been taken out in one year. The mine was furnished with a fine steam-engine, a No. 5 cannon-pump, and a Bradford washer. A railroad four miles long was built some years since, connecting the mine with the Harlem railroad at Boston Corners. When the Poughkeepsie and Eastern road was built this track was sold to them.
THE MORGAN IRON MINE.
This mine is located on the Arthur McArthur farm, two miles cast of Ancram Lead Mines. It was first discovered
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IIISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
by Livingston about 1776, but was not worked until within the last twenty-five years. It is a small mine, and rather difficult to work, and has been lying idle since 1876. Its capacity was rated at seven thousand tons per annum, and the ore contained over forty-three per cent. of metallic iron. George Williams, of Amenia, is the present owner of the lease.
THE ANCRAM LEAD MINE.
About seventy years ago Henry Keefer had what is called a " stone bee," at which his neighbors lent their as- sistanee to clear a field of the stone that so greatly interfered with the work of cultivation. While prying out some pro- jecting rock he was struck by the strange metallie lustre it possessed, and upon investigation found it to be lead ore. The farm was held under lease, and Livingston, hearing of the discovery, immediately bought him out and erected a small smelting-furnace, in which he reduced the ore. He continued to run the mine for about ten years. It was then abandoned, and remained idle until in 1836 or 1837 the lease was bought by a New York company, who worked it a couple of years. In 1848, Harmon McIntyre became
owner of the mine by virtue of a purchase of the soil. In 1850-March 1-the mine was leased for a period of twelve years to Josiah Sturgis, of New York, who worked it for about three years, and then sold the lease to Alexander C. Farrington for $2000. It remained idle till 1863-64, when a stock company was formed and the mine was fitted up with all the most improved machinery for crushing, wash- ing, hoisting, and handling the ore, at a great expense. The company continued operations about two years, and then stopped, since which time nothing has been donc. The shaft was sunk to a depth of one hundred feet, and gal- leries of varying length were opened in all directions.
The town of Ancram was bonded to the amount of $23,500 to raise money to pay bounties to volunteers to fill the town's quota of soldiers in the war for the suppres- sion of the Rebellion. Peter P. Rossman, Elisha Moore, David Brandt, Warren D. Tripp, Simeon M. Collier, Asa Hoag, Heury Iloysradt, Willis Hoag, William S. Thomp- son, Nelson Boucher, and William W. Tanner served on the war committee, and Elisha Moore, Grosvenor B. Ross- man, and Archelaus Brandt were the recruiting committee.
GALLATIN.
THIS, the central southern town of the county, is bounded north by Taghkanic, east by Ancram, south by Milan and Pine Plains, in Dutchess county, and west by Livingston. It is the seventh town of the county in area, containing twenty-three thousand seven hundred and thirty-nine acres, of which less than three-fourths is under cultivation. In population it now ranks as the seventeenth town, and its population has been reported at the four last censuses as fol- lows, viz .: in 1860, 1533; in 1865, 1392; in 1870,.1416; in 1875, 1361. It is centrally distant southeasterly from Hudson about thirteen miles.
The character of the surface is hilly in the extreme. A narrow strip of comparatively level land borders the Roeloff Jansen's Kill and the outlet of Lake Charlotte, but these lands soon change to rolling and soon to hilly country. The hills are generally arable to their summits, but a high range of rocky, sterile hills enters the town near Lake Charlotte in the northeast part, and extends in a southwesterly direc- tion nearly across the town. The culminating point of this range is " Mattashuk Hill," south of Lake Charlotte. The soil is generally of a slaty or gravelly loam, and is mode- rately fertile. In the valleys the land is of a good quality for agriculture, and the hills in the south and east parts are fertile and productive. The crops raised are the same as in adjoining towns, rye being the principal grain.
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