History of Columbia County, New York. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Part 77

Author: Everts & Ensign; Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Philadelphia, Everts & Ensign
Number of Pages: 648

USA > New York > Columbia County > History of Columbia County, New York. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 77

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His marital relations were blessed by the birth of fonr sons,-Daniel A. Ray, born Eighth month 21, 1833; married at White Plains, Niuth month 30, 1856, Phila

R., daughter of John and Jeanette (Taylor) Sutton, born in Norfolk, Va., Twelfth month 7, 1832. His residence is Springfield, Ill. His life has been spent chiefly in con- nection with the press, and in the public service of the State.

Francis H. Ray, born Fourth month 5, 1835. His life was spent principally as an educator, and the later por- tion as a merchant in the city of New York. He departed this life First month 18, 1862, in the city of New York.

Albert D. Ray, born Twelfth month 13, 1836. His early life was spent as an educator, and the remainder as a merchant, with his brother, in the city of New York. Ile departed this life Third month 10, 1860, in the city of New York.

William A. Ray, born Second month 17, 1845 ; married Ninth month 8, 1870, Lucy W., daughter of Asa Shep- herd, of Saratoga, N. Y. His occupation is that of agri- culture. Lucy, his wife, was born Seventh month 7, 1831.

This sketch would be incomplete without bearing testi- mony to the excellent character and womanly qualities of she who has been Mr. Ray's companion for nearly half a century, and to whose amiable disposition, wise counsel, and good judgment he is proud to attribute much of his happiness and no small share of his success in life.

WILLIAM IRISHI.

Mr. Irish is a representative of the second generation of that name who have resided on the homestead near Malden Bridge, in the town of Chatham, Columbia Co., N. Y. The house in which he was born, Aug. 9, 1801, and which has since undergone several alterations and improvements, was erected by his father, Amos Irish, in the year 1800. The latter came from Quaker Hill, Dutchess Co., in 1795, where he was born about the commencement of the Revo- lution. He reared his family on this farm, consisting of nine children out of eleven, the original number born to him and Deborah (Steves) Irish, whom he married on the second farm west of the present homestead. She died in 1824, and Mr. Irish in 1846, leaving William in possession of the estate. He was brought up to the occupation of farming, and received his education at the common schools, marrying, April 16, 1828, Harriet M. Ludington, daughter of Sammuel Ludington, of Kinderhook. She was born in Delhi, Delaware Co., N. Y., January 18, 1809, and her father settled in Kinderhook in 1812, where he died on his eighty-fourth birthday, February 6, 1861. Her mother's maiden name was Sarah Degroff, born at Quaker Hill in 1779. Her father was born in Woodbury, Coun., in 1777.

Mr. and Mrs. William Irish bave had seven children, five of whom are living at the date of this writing (June, 1878). Mr. Irish is a Democrat in politics, but he has lived a quiet life ou his farm, filling several minor offices of trust to which he has been called by his townsmen with credit and fidelity, and enjoying the esteem and confidence of all who know him. This highly-respected couple, who have lived over half a century in wedlock, sharing each other's joys and sorrows, celebrated their golden wedding April 16, 1878.

300

HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.

JOEL H. ANGELL.

The Angell family is of English extraction, and is de- scended from Thomas Angell, who was born in England, about the year 1618. In 1631 he came to this country in company with Roger Williams, in the ship " Lion," and landed at Boston. He passed an eventful life, and died at Providence, R. I., in the year 1695. He has left a large number of descendants, who live in all parts of the United States, and especially in Rhode Island.

Ezekiel Angell, the great-grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was a Baptist minister at Smithfield and North Providence, in the State of Rhode Island. He also en- gaged in the business of iron-milling and farming. On July 29, 1745, he married Ruth Sprague, of Rhode Island, by whom he had nine children, of whom but six reached the age of inaturity. . He died in Rhode Island on Sept. 27,1782.

Joshua, the third son of Ezekiel, and grandfather of our subject, was born at Smithfield, in Rhode Island, on March 29, 1760. He was a saddle and harness-maker by trade, owned a store at Smithfield, and filled different town offices in that place. He served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, and was a member of the expedition of Sullivan to Rhode Island. After the close of the war he went to Vermont, but shortly returned to the town of Johnson, R. I., where he married Mehitable Manton, by whom he had five children, one of whom died in infancy, the remain- ing two sons and two daughters attaining adult age.

He was actively identified with the militia of the State of Rhode Island, was colonel of a regiment, and known through life by the appellation of " colonel."

In 1807, Joshua Angell removed to the town of Kinder- hook, N. Y., where he engaged in farming for the period

of six years. He then removed to Chatham, in the same State, where he also pursued farming, and where he re- mained until he died on Feb. 10, 1838. His wife died on Oct. 2, 1825, at Chatham.

John Angell, second child of Joshua Angell, and the father of Joel H. Angell, was born in the town of John- son, in the State of Rhode Island, on Aug. 20, 1794. He passed his early life in farming in connection with his father. Ou Jan. 20, 1820, he married Amy A. Harger, daughter of Joseph Harger, of Chatham, by whom he had seven children, of whom six reached years of maturity, namely, Edwin, Joel H., Daniel, Emma, Mary, and Ann Eliza. These children are still living, within a scope of nine miles of each other, near Chatham village, N. Y.

In 1830, Mr. Angell purchased of his father the home- stead farm at Chatham, where he continued to farm for a period of forty-eight years. He then removed to the village of Chatham, where he still resides. He has been ac- tively connected with the Methodist church for fifty years. His wife died on May 11, 1874, at Chatham village.

Joel H. Angell is the fifth child of John Angell, and was born on Oct. 27, 1828, at Chatham. He passed his early life on his father's farm, enjoyed the benefits of a common-school education, and finished at the Kinderhook Academy.

On May 31, 1855, he married Catherine, daughter of Peter A. Gardenier, of the town of Kinderhook. On March 31, 1856, he purchased the farm where he now re- sides, and engaged in farming on his own account. His farm consists of one hundred and twelve acres of beautiful and productive land. A view of his pleasant residence and its surroundings, together with portraits of himself and wife, may be seen on another page of this work.

P.7. Carly.

y He Angell

Mrs of the Angell

PHOTOS BY J R ALLIB, CHATHAM VILLAGE, NY }

·LITH BY L. H EVERTS & CO. PHILA. PA

RESIDENCE OF J. H. ANGELL, CHATHAM . N. Y.

RESIDENCE OF H. L. BROWN, NEW LEBANON, N. Y.

LITH. BY L. H. EVERTS & CO. PHILA, PA

RESIDENCE OF JOHN W. BLUNT, CHATHAM, COLUMBIA CO., N. Y.

NEW LEBANON.

NEW LEBANON was erected from Canaan, according to an act of April 21, 1818, which provided for the division of that town into two equal parts, thus giving the new town an area of twenty thousand nine hundred and fifty-five acres. Its name was derived from Lebanon, Conn., and was bestowed upon the eastern part of the town while yet belonging to King's district. The western part was called New Britain, by which term it is yet locally known. The town is located in the extreme northeast part of the county, in the form of a rectangle, its length extending from east to west. The general surface is mountainous and hilly, but with fine intervals. Along the eastern line is the Taghkanic range, in the form of foot-hills of the loftier Berkshire mountains, several miles distant. The hills are generally cultivated to the summit, and those having a southern exposure are very fertile. They were originally covered with a light growth of the common hard timber, birch, and occasional evergreens, and were the first settled portions of the town. The valleys, and especially along the streams, were more densely wooded, there being in some localities heavy forests of pine. They are noted for their beauty and productive nature. The soil is a clayey loam, a loam mixed with schistic gravel, or a loam and dis- integrated slate. The cereals yield well, and herbs and garden-seeds are cultivated to great perfection. The prin- cipal stream is Wyomanock creek, having a general westerly course, north of the centre of the town, and emptying its waters into the Kinderhook. There are a number of brooks tributary to the creek, and numerous springs abound. The celebrated thermal spring, a more detailed notice of which will be found on a subsequent page, is in the northeastern part of the town.

A portion of the present town was included in the Rens- selaerswyck, but it appears that little effort was made to maintain the claim in this direction, probably on account of the hilly nature of the country, until many years after its settlement.

On the 4th of August, 1743, Stephen Bayard, John B. Van Rensselaer, Cornelius Van Schaack, Johannes Vos- burgh, and Jacob Van Rensselaer were granted a large tract of land, located chiefly in the western part of the town and along the Wyomanock. No attempt was made by these grantees to enforce their claim until after the Revolution. Many settlers had squatted upon the lands meantime, and the efforts to dispossess them caused much bitter feeling and provoked some resistance. A surveying- party, sent in by Van Schaack, was dispersed by a party of settlers disguised as Indians, who destroyed their instru- ments. It is said that Jonathan Murdock acted as chief of this party, and that Giles Lowden broke the compass. The settlers were afterwards enabled to obtain good titles to

their lands by an act of the Legislature, which authorized the appointment of Henry Oathouds and Jeremiah Van Rensselaer as a commission to adjust the claims. The unclaimed lands were sold in behalf of the grantees to Eleazer Grant, Jolin Darling, and Samnel Jones. The deed bears date August 23, 1788. These parties in turn sold the lands to settlers at about fifty cents per acrc. The " Six-Miles-Square" tract, sold by the Stockbridge Indians to Asa Douglas, in 1758, also extended into this town ; but as it encroached upon former claims, it was generally re- garded as invalid. Along the eastern line, extending from half a mile to a mile westward, was a tract of land claimed by the " Colony of Massachusetts Bay," the former bound- ary being west of the principal part of the village of Leba- non Springs.

The present line of the town was established, after some contention in the courts. in 1786. The lands lying between these bounds were disposed of by grants from the general court of Massachusetts to Charles Goodrich, Gidcon King, Jarvis Mudge, and Ephraim Keyes. The latter's grant was for three hundred acres, in 1765, and was located in the fall of that year by James Lord, a surveyor, in the neighborhood of the Springs, including that property. This tract, and a portion of Keyes' patent, extending east- ward, was purchased by John Wadhams. Subsequently Charles Goodrich purchased the Springs property, and subdivided it into building-lots, upon which houses were first erected by Andrew Shumway and others.

It is supposed that the first white man in town came to this locality in the summer of 1756. This was James Hitchcock, a captain in the British army, whose command was then stationed at Hartford, Conn. He was the victim of a disease which had baffled the skill of his physicians, and which rendered his life miserable. The Indians visit- ing his camp representing that he might be cured by bath- ing in a warm spring in the wilderness, he followed them hither, and experienced much benefit from the waters. Others visited the town soon after, and

THE PERMANENT SETTLEMENT

followed in the course of a few years. John Wadhams was the first to settle in the northeastern part, and was one of the first in the town. He was led into this locality in the summer of 1762, while hunting his cattle, which had strayed from his new home in Berkshire, Mass. He was so well pleased with the appearance of the new country that he made it his home in 1764, settling on what is now the Elijah Bagg place. This land was afterwards granted to Ephraim Keyes, from whom Wadhams purchased it, and remained identified with the town many years. It is said that when the Massachusetts boundary was adjusted,

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HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.

Wadhams found his house a few rods across the line in that State. Vowing that he would not live outside of New York, he summoned his neighbors to his aid and moved his house into the Empire State. A little southwest settled Jarvis Mudge, an active business man, who put up a mill near the Springs, and made other substantial improvements. Lieutenant Mudge was one of the most prominent Whigs, and took a conspicuous part in the early affairs of King's district. His children joined the Shakers.

One of the most prominent early settlers in the southern part of the town was Matthew Adgate, a man of large mind and the delegate of the district in the Provincial Congress in 1776. The mountain in that locality was for- merly known by his name. One of his daughters married Major Lord, of Canaan. One of Adgate's contemporaries was Elisha Gilbert. At the beginning of the Revolutionary struggle, Gilbert raised a company, went to war, and came home bearing the rank of major. His home was in what is now known as Lebanon Centre, where he had mills and a large farm. The family was for many years one of the most prominent in the town. Not far from him was the home of Elijah Bostwick, also the commander of a com- pany in the Revolution. He reared five sons, William, Levi, Elijah, Ichabod, and Daniel. John C. Bostwiek, a son of Elijah, Jr., yet resides in New Lebanon. Farther down the creek, on what is now known as the Jobn H. Adams place, lived John Darling, the owner of mill prop- erty and real estate, which gave him a prominent place among his townsmen. Bogardus Hatch settled in the same neighborhood after the war, in which he served. He reared six sons, who were remarkable for their tallness as well as for their good qualities as citizens. Jacob Cole had also settled here at an early day, but abandoned his land and moved farther east to what was known as "West Hill," where he died in 1849, aged one hundred and six years. Jonathan Murdock and Abner Doubleday, who were with Mad Anthony Wayne at the storming of Stony Point, also settled in this locality. The latter was the grandfather of General Abner Doubleday, of Fort Sumter fame. Others here at an early day were Jonathan Owen, Daniel Green, Ichabod Rowley, Celah Abbott, Flavel Booge, Jonathan Mott, Amos Broad, David Horton, Joseph Bailey, John Smith, Eleazer Wells, Peleg Spencer, Freeborn Mattison, Captain Hunter, Spencer Carr, Abram Seward, Samuel Iland, Jr., Abel Wright, and Nathan Farrington. It is said that the first Shaker meeting in town was held at the house of the last named, and that Farrington joined that society.

In the western part of the town settlement was first made by a man named Van Deusen, who had followed up the Kinderhook to that point. Gale Bigelow and others of that name also came early and made substantial improve- ments. Gile Lowden and Norman Sackett followed, and descendants of both families yet reside in the same locality. Samuel and Joseph Salls, Joshua Fellows, Andrew Snyder, Samuel Wheeler, Moses Cowles, and Samuel Moffatt were among the other pioneers.

Among other prominent early settlers in New Britain were John Wadsworth, Nehemiah Gale, John Budlong, Roger S. Sherman, J. Spier, Wm. S. Herrick, Stephen Saxton,

and the Davis and Haight families. Eastward and north towards New Lebanon settled George Cornwell, Zalmon Skinner, Aaron and Uriah Betts, Wm. Gay, who built the first frame house in town, near the Shaker mill, Thomas Avery, Thomas Bowman, Peter Plum, and several members of the Patterson family.

At New Lebanon, Moses King was one of the first prom- inent settlers. A son John became one of the leading citi- zens of the county, and represented this district in Congress. His homestead is at present known as the Henry A. Tilden place.

The Tilden family came to this locality about 1785. A son of John Tilden, Elam, married a daughter of Major Samuel Jones, a prominent early settler at this point. Elam Tilden succeeded to his father-in-law's business, and became noted as one the most sagacious and enterprising men in the county. His sons were Moses Y., Samuel J., the dis- tinguished ex-governor, and Henry A., who is yet a leading eitizen of the town.

In the Springs neighborhood, Gideon King had a large tract of land at an early day, some time about 1790, which passed into the hands of Samuel Hand, a man of peculiar habits. The descendants of Hand have become a large and respectable family. Eleazer Grant was also a man of consid- erable prominence. A son of his became distinguished in na- tional polities, and represented a distriet in the western part of the State in Congress.

John Bull became a permanent settler at the Springs in 1806. He was a native of the State of Connecticut, and was commissioned a lieutenant in Colonel Henry Knox's Regiment of Artillery in 1776. In 1777 he was. appointed " director of the laboratory of the northern department" of the American forces, and superintended the putting up of the ammunition used in the engagements which resulted in the surrender of Burgoyne. One of his sons, also named John, after a few years of seafaring life settled at the Springs in 1798. In 1821 he was appointed a justice of the peace, and during his ten years' service married nearly 500 couples, many of whom had come from Massachusetts. In 1834 he became a judge, and served three terms. One of his sons, Hampton C., was born in 1814, and yet lives in town, one of its most widely-known citizens.

John Gillet, who served as a lieutenant in Captain Gil- bert's company, was also one of the early settlers, removing to Vermont about 1800. Among his sons were Freeman, Nathao, and Jeremiah. A grandson, Ransom H., became noted as the biographer of Silas Wright, and as a distin- guished congressman from the St. Lawrence district. In the later years of his life he returned to New Lebanon, where he died a few years ago. Dr. Moses Younglove, Rev. Silas Churchill, Samuel Johnson, and Joseph Meacham, eminent early settlers, are elsewhere noted. Others of early prominence were Caleb Hull, whose son, Henry Hull, is yet living, one of the most aged men of the county, Noah Wheaton, R. Treat, Aaron Kibbie, Merchant Ives, and David Darrow.

The town settled very rapidly, first on the hilly lands and then on the flats, gradually abandoning the former until but few remained where they first settled. The population fifty years ago was greater than at present. In 1875 there

THE TILDEN HOMESTEAD, NEW LEBANON ,NEW YORK.

LITH. BY L. H.EVERTS & CO. PHILADELPHIA

HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.

303

were eleven hundred and eighty-four males and twelve hundred and seventy-one females in town.

CIVIL GOVERNMENT.

In pursuance of an act of the Senate and Assembly, passed April 21, 1818, organizing the town of New Leb- anon, the first annual meeting was held April 6, 1819, at the house of Isaac Everest, when the election proceeded with the following effect : Supervisor, John King; Town Clerk, Robert M. Bailey ; Assessors, Abial Mosher, Isaac Everest, William Bailey ; Collector, George Landon ; Constables, Norman Sackett, George Landon ; Overseers of the Poor, William Spiers, Peleg Spencer ; Commissioners of Roads, Henry Hull, Peter Barker, John Budlong; Commissioners of Schools, Larry Patrick, William Bailey, Isaac Everest ; Inspectors of Schools, Harry Peirce, Jeremiah Gillett, Rob- ert M. Bailey, Norman Sackett, Edward A. Beach, John Budlong.

From the first meeting to the present the principal offi- cers have been :

Supervisors.

1819.

John King.

1820

1821.

1822.

1823.

1824.

George Cornwell.

1825.

1826. John King.

1827. John Bull, Jr.

1828. Wm. H. Tobey.

1829 John King.

1830. John Kirby.

1831. Harry Cornwell.

1832.

1833 John Bull, Jr.

Fred. W. Everest.

1834

1835 Harry Cornwell.

1836 John Bull, Jr.

1837.

Harry Harrington.

1838 John Murdock. 1839 Benoni Sherman.

1846

Ezra C. Spier.

1841.

Jabe Peirce.

1842

William Ashby.

1843 Fred. W. Everest. 1844 John Bull, Jr. 1845. Iloratio N. Hand.

1846.

Mathew A. Patterson.

Henry W. Dean.

Reuben A. Wilhor.

Erastus B. Jones. Henry .W. Dean. Silas Spier.

1851

1852 Ira Hand.

1853.

George L. Barker.

Joseph Adams. Reuben H. Wilbor. David B. Campbell.

Robert Bigelow.

S. II. Richmond.

Charles H. Bull.

Amos II. Peabody.

1865

1866 Nelson Tanner.

1867

Andrew R. Clark.

1868 Uri M. Hazard.

1869.

J. E. Rowley.

P. E. Leonard.

David Bigelow. Charles 11. Bull.

1872 A. D. P. Sackett.

1873 William Sherman.

1874.

1875 Joseph H. Clark.

1876 Allen B. Davis. 1877 Franklin Hand.

1878

JUSTICES OF THE PEACE.

1819. Roger Jones. 1852. Henry B. Crippin. Marvin Sackett.

Jonathan D. Elmoro.

William Spier.

1853. Henry B. Crippin.

Frederick Waterman.

1854. Henry R. Wood. 1855. Joseph Adams.

1821. John Bull, Jr. Royal Terry. Joshua Fellows.

William Spier.

1857. Henry B. Crippen.

1827. John Bull, Jr. Nathaniel Bishop. Larry Patrick. Aurelius Webster.

Spencer Carr. Stephen Norton. Paul Roberts.

1860. Marvin Sackett. Edwin Kendall.

1830. Larry Patrick. Harry Cornwell. John Bull, Jr.

1831. Ira Hand.

Stephen Norton.

1832. Paul Roberts.

1864. Elihu Kirby.

1833. Owen Ticknor.

1834. Allen S. Wheeler.

1835. Tra Hand.

1836. William Ashby.

1867. Henry B. Crippen.

1837. Ira Sherman.

1868. Hampton C. Ball.

1838. Allen S. Wheeler. John M. Barnes.

1869. Silas W. Gillet.

1839. Ira Haud.

1870. Daniel C. Warner. Tahor H. Roberts.

1840. Ira Sherman.

1871. Ilamptou C. Bull.

1841. Jobn M. Barnes.

1872. William Chandler.

1842. Allen S. Wheeler. Hampton C. Ball.

1843. Tra Hand.

1873. Tabor M. Roberts. E. G. Finch.

1844. Ebenezer Wadsworth. Henry B. Crippen.

1874. Silas W. Gillet. Isaac T. Haight.

1845. Henry B. Crippen.

1846. Allen S. Wheeler.

1875. Isaac T. Haight.

1847. Ira Hand.

1876. Hampton C. Ball. Edward G. Finch.

1849. Richard Smith.

1877. Barnas B. Smith.

Walter Sherville.

Orville Finch.

1850. Allen S. Wheeler.

1878. Orville Finch.

1851. Hampton C. Bull.

Tabor B. Roberts.

THE THOROUGHFARES OF THE TOWN

embrace several important roads and the Harlem Extension railroad. Of the former, one of the most important was the stage-route from Boston to Albany. Its general direc- tion is along the Wyomanock creek, and half a century ago it was almost continuously lined with teams going between the above-named points. The railroad follows the general course of the wagon-road to Lebanon Springs, where it turns northward into Rensselaer county. It is supplied with stations at West Lebanon, New Lebanon, and Leba- non Springs, affording good shipping facilities at each of these points.

THE CEMETERY OF THE EVERGREENS

is a beautiful tract of eight acres of admirably-located ground for burial purposes, midway between the Springs and New Lebanon. The general slope of the grounds is towards the south and the front, rising in the rear in a gentle eleva- tion, which is thickly studded with evergreens growing in a state of nature,-whence the name of the cemetery. It is controlled by an association, formed under the rural cemetery laws of the State, in 1873, with the following trustees : Ransom H. Gillet, Philander E. Leonard, E. C. Clark, Moses Y. Tilden, Joseph K. Royce, Franklin Hand, G. N. P. Gale, Esck C. King, and Charles H. Spencer.

George B. Kendall. Silas P. Campbell. Silas W. Gillet.

Silas P. Campbell. Charles H. Bull.

Heury D. Bostwick.

Alonzo D. Gale.

Charles H. Bull.

1870

1860. Charles W. Hull.

1861. Iloratio N. Hand.

1862 Allen B. Davis.

1863 Samuel P. Skinner.

1864. .Marvin Sackett.

1856. Ezra Waterbury. Iloratio N. Haud. 1857.

1858.

1859.

1847 Charles W. Hull.

1848. Ilarry Cornwell. 1849. Elihu Kirby.

1850. Benoni Sherman.

Portins F. Deao. Benjamin A. IFall.

Thomas W. Sloan.

David L. Fineb.

1854.

1855.

Peter Barker.

Sylvester P. Gilbert.

Erastus Patterson.

1848. Dennis Lewis.

Town Clerks. Robert M. Bailey. ¥ 46

George Cornwell.

Ilarry Peirce.

Peter Barker.

Isaac Everest.

Peter Barker.

llarry Peirce.

1865. Marvin Sherman. Hampton C. Bull. 1866. Josiah H. Reed.

1861. Anrelins Webster.

1862. Nathaniel Bishop.

1863. Edwin Kendall. Edward Thomson.

1858. Nathaniel Bishop.

1859. Joseph HI. Clark.

1856. Lawrenco Van Deusen. Sylvester P. Gilbert.

1871 Ransom H. Gillet.

HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.

The present officers are : President, E. C. King ; Vice- President, Franklin Hand; Secretary, George H. Tilden ; and Treasurer, E. C. Clark.

The cemetery has been considerably improved, and will when completed be one of the most attractive in the county.

Besides this, there are several other burial-places in the eastern part of the town, and small cemeteries at West Lebanon and New Britain.

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History of Columbia County, New York. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers, Part 77

Author: Everts & Ensign; Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885 Publication date: 1878 Publisher: Philadelphia, Everts & Ensign Number of Pages: 648

Author: Everts & Ensign; Ellis, Franklin, 1828-1885
Publication date: 1878
Publisher: Philadelphia, Everts & Ensign
Number of Pages: 648