USA > New York > Columbia County > History of Columbia County, New York. With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of its prominent men and pioneers > Part 57
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Mr. Gaul continued to study law seven years in the office of Mr. Bushnell, and was admitted to practice in all the courts of the State at the January term in 1830. On the 8th of February of the same year he opened a law-office in the city of Hudson, and continued to practice with unex- ampled success till the 1st of May, 1831. He had by this time gained a recognition of his legal talents, and a client- age rarely attained by an attorney of his age and experience. The brilliant advocate, Elisha Williams, was his personal friend and adviser, than whom no father ever extended to a son a more cordial hand of encouragement and assistance.
On the 1st of May, 1831, Mr. Gaul entered into a law partnership with Mr. Bushnell, becoming a member of the firm of Bushnell & Gaul, which continued until February, 1835, when Mr. Bushnell removing to New York, Mr. Gaul purchased and succeeded to his interest and to the ownership and occupancy of his residence and office in the city of Hudson. He has thus occupied continuously the same office in which he was a student-at-law since 1828 (the year in which the office was built), with the exception of fifteen months, when he was practicing in the office first opened by himself in the city. He has occupied with his family the residence purchased of Mr. Bushnell since the 1st of November, 1835. These facts, unimportant, perhaps, of themselves, are significant as showing how permanently Mr. Gaul has been rooted to the spot where he began his professional career. And, like the tree whose branches are shaken by the storms of many winters, he has taken deep root in the confidence and affection of the community.
216
HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
In 1837, Mr. Gaul was appointed by Governor William L. Marcy surrogate of Columbia county, his name having been presented for that office by a county convention of the political party to which he belonged. The office of surro- gate at that time was one of much greater responsibility than at present, and the appointment was an unusual compliment to a young man of twenty-seven years of age, whose prede- cessors had been Hon. Martin Van Buren, Judge James Vanderpoel, James I. Van Allen, Abraham A. Van Buren, and others of like recognized character and ability. Mr. Gaul devoted himself to the duties of his office with untiring assiduity, and the signal ability with which he discharged them is shown by the fact that, during the four years of his administration, but two appeals were taken from his deeis- ions, and in both cases they were affirmed by the chancellor. During this period the duties of his office as surrogate en- grossed nearly his whole attention, but at the expiration of his official term he resumed active practice, which he con- tinued by himself till June, 1855, when he took into part- nership Cornelius Esselstyn, Esq., who had graduated from Rutgers College, and from the law school at Albany, with the highest honors. These two gentlemen, constituting one of the strongest law firms in this section of the State, have continued to practice together ever since.
The practice of Mr. Gaul, both in his individual capacity and as a member of the firms with which he has been con- neeted, has been varied and responsible, and his experience greater, perhaps, than that of any of his contemporaries. He is the oldest surviving native member of the Columbia county bar, William H. Tobey, Esq., lately deceased, having been by a few years his senior prior to his death. He is, and has been since its organization, president of the Colum- bia County Bar Association. In the course of his long and successful practice he has had charge of large pecuniary interests and various important trusts, the duties connected with which he has discharged with the most unswerving fidelity, industry, and eare.
His legal information is extensive and his abilities as a practitioner of the first order. He is eloquent and effective as an advocate, having a fine command of fitting and appro- priate language and a thorough mastery of the subjects he diseusses, and as a counselor he is safe, judicious, and con- scientious.
Mr. Gaul has been intimately identified with the best interests of the city of Hudson, and both by precept and example has cast his influence on the side of morality and religion. Besides being president of the "Law and Order Association" of the city, he has been for over thirty years an elder of the First Presbyterian church, and has repre- sented it in various church judicatories. He was a dele- gate to the general assembly of the Presbyterian church in 1860, and has served in a similar capacity in other assem- blies and synods from time to time.
He was married to Clarissa Hall, daughter of Elias Hall, Esq., a prominent citizen of Berkshire Co., Mass., on the 20th of May, 1834. She is a lady of superior intelligence and character. Of their two children, the eldest, Colonel Edward L. Gaul, was a graduate of Yale College, in the class of 1860, served during the late war, first in the navy, and subsequently as colonel of the 150th N. Y. V. Infantry.
Miss Catharine Bushnell Gaul, their only daughter, is a lady well known for her devotion to benevolent and Chris- tian work, in which sphere she has few equals among women of the present day.
JOHN VAN DUSEN.
Mr. Van Dusen was a descendant of the old and dis- tinguished American family of this name, whose ancestors came from Holland at a very early period in our history. He was born at Claverack, on the 15th of January, 1774. He was three times married, and left six children at his death. His first wife was a Miss Fonda, his second an Elting, and his third a Whitbeek. This is all the infor- mation we have been able to obtain respecting them.
Mr. Van Dusen lost his father in early boyhood, and was thus thrown upon his own resources for his fortune in life. He first located at the village of Johnstown, in the town of Livingston, Columbia county, where he became a successful and prosperous country merchant, and did a large business for nearly forty years. Among his other enter- priscs, he bought the mills now known as the Bingham mills and carried on extensive flouring, together with a large interest in real estate.
In 1842 he removed to Greenport, in this county, and settled on the farm now owned and occupied by Mr. Henry A. Du Bois, where he died in 1854. Ilis improvements on this place were by no means inconsiderable.
During his residence in Livingston he was not only the leading merchant for many years in the southern part of the county, but a prominent and influential public man, being fifteen or twenty years a member of the board of super- visors and representing Columbia county in the Legislature. He was an officer in the old New York State militia, in the cavalry branch of the service, and was a superb horseman. He was one of the founders of the Hudson River Bank, and one of its directors for many years. He was one of those men who, without capital to start with, commence business in a small way, and by energy, industry, and strict business habits build up a fortune and carve out a career for them- selves. Such was Mr. Van Dusen ; a man of strict integ- rity, excellent judgment, and great business enterprise. Those who knew him will long remember him as one of the most worthy and influential of the old citizens of Columbia county.
MRS. SALLY MCKINSTRY.
Mrs. Sally Mckinstry, deceased, wife of the late Hon. Robert Mckinstry, was the daughter of Abner Hammond, a successful merchant of Hudson, N. Y., in which city she was born in the year 1798. She was known nearly all her life as a devoted patron of charity, especially in connection with the Hudson Orphan Asylum, an institution which she founded, and with which she was connected as chief direc- tress from its establishment up to the time of her death. Although this institution was the great work of her life, and that which will longest commemorate her devotion to the welfare of the poor and helpless whom she sought to
JOHN GAUL, JR ESQ.
WM. BRYAN.
( PHOTOS BY F FORSHEW, HUDSON )
220
HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
miles in circumference. Being fed by Valatie Kill and numerous springs, the waters are cool and clear, and are from five to forty feet in depth. It is a beautiful sheet, and attracts many visitors during the summer months. The fine growths of timber on its shores, alternated by gentle, treeless slopes to the water's edge, or abrupt and cliff- like banks, and several handsome islands which it contains, lend additional charms to the pleasure-seeker. On a con- spicuous promontory in the southern part of the lake a fine hotel has been erected for the accommodation of visitors to this locality. West from this is Round lake. This is also a fine body of water, but being of small size is not so much esteemed as the former. These streams and the vales of the town promote good drainage.
LAND TITLES AND GRANTS.
One of the first owners of Kinderhook soil, as we are in- formed by the records, was a chief of the Mohican tribe of Indians, named Emikee, who was the possessor of a tract of land north of, and including the village site of Kinder- hook. This tract was named in the Flodder and Baker patent, as being the south boundary of the lands of those proprietors.
The Flodder and Baker patent was covered by the grant made afterwards to Jan Hendrik De Bruyn, and a great amount of litigation was the result. The interests of De Bruyn in this and later patents were sold to Laurence Van Alen in 1707, and by him divided among his children. After much litigation among the claimants under the two patents, the matter was made the subject of legislative ac- tion June 8, 1812, and a committee, consisting of John Radcliff, David B. Ogden, and Thomas Rudd, were ap- pointed to adjust the claims.
The Kinderhook patent, and the Powell, Wessels, Gerrit Teunissen, and Burger Huyck grants were also located in old Kinderhook.
The usual small quit-rents are attached to all of these patents, which are noticed in the general history of the county.
EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
It is probable that the allottees under the Kinderhook patent were also the first settlers of the territory which it covered, and that they may have come as early as 1650. They were emigrants from Holland and Sweden, and came provided with all the means necessary to make themselves good homes, having building material, cattle, and farming implements to cultivate the virgin soil of this fertile country. In 1687, among others, Jan Hendrik De Bruyn, Peter Schuyler, Gerrit Teunissen, Lawrence Van Alen, Isaac Vosburgh, Jacob Vosburgh, Andries Gardner, Hendrick Coonrad, Adam Dingman, Lambert Jansen, Frans Pieter- son, Peter Vosburgh, Albert Gardenier, and Jan Jacobson Gardenier were reported as freeholders. In many instances descendants of these yet remain in town.
The records of the Dutch church, in 1729, contain be- sides the foregoing the additional names of Adelbert Vander- poel, Cornelius Schermerhorn, Tobias Van Buren, Barent Van Buren, Gilbert Sharp, Martin Van Buren, Corne- lius Van Schaack, Abram Staats, Jochum Collier, Edward
Wheeler, Mathew Culver, Laurence Sharp, Cornelius Sluyter, Peter Jochim, Hendrick Van Valkenburgh, John Peters, Peter I. Vosburgh, Casper Rowe, Klaas Van De Karr, Johannes Hogeboom, Lucas Witbeck, Nicholas Kittle, John Bukman, Arent Van Dyck, Isaac Van Deusen, Robert Decker, Peter Bower, Killian Muller, Andrew Van Der Bergh, William Clark, Isaac Staats, John Van Ness, and John Gardenier as being citizens of Kinderhook.
A map of old Kinderhook, made in 1763, shows the following improvements : Isaac Staats, living at Chittend's falls ; Samuel Staats, at the mouth of Stockport creek, in the house now occupied by Joseph Wild ; J. Van Hoesen, west of and near Stuyvesant falls ; Martin Van Alstyne, northwest of Stuyvesant falls, in what is yet known as the Van Alstyne neighborhood ; Martin Hoes, northwest from Van Alstyne's; Francis Clow, still farther west towards Kinderhook, now Stuyvesant Landing ; Isaac Van Alstyne, on the flats on Kinderhook creek, opposite Lindenwald; John Burgaart, near Van Alstyne's,-the farm is now owned by Van Alen ; Francis Pruyn, south of the village corporation, and including the Kennedy place ; Cornelius Van Schaack, in the neighborhood of the present Reformed church.
The village contained at this time fifteen houses, scat- tered along the creek ridge. North of the flats, on the old Carpenter place, lived Lucas Hoes; John Hoes, near Wild's mill ; Robert Van Deusen, somewhere ncar Rath- bone's wadding-factory ; Samuel Wheeler, on the site of C. Wild's residence ; William Clow, Derick Hoes, and Burger Huyck in Valatie, east of Wheeler; Andries and John IInyck lived farther up the Kinderhook; just above Valatie, and still farther east, was the home of Richard Huyck. Following up Kinderhook creek, in Chatham, was the house occupied by Stephen Van Alen, Peter Vos- burgh's house, and the home of Abraham Van Alstyne. Tobias Van Slyck lived at the junction of the Kline Kill with the Kinderhook, and northward was the home of Peter Van Slyck. Jacob, Aaron, and Derick Gardenier were along the Kline Kill, in what is now known as the Gardenier neighborhood ; and along the same stream, in what is now Ghent, lived Derick Vosburgh, Barent Van Buren, and Jacob Mesick.
At a later period the names of John Leggett, Arent Meddaugh, Peter Snyder, Roeloff Ganz, Isaac De Lameter, Jonas Bronk, Christoffel Miller, Andrew Garner, Johannes Spoor, John J. Van Ness, Abraham Van Vleck, Daniel Weidman, Aaron Ostrander, Hendrick Shever, Sylvester Bayley, Jacob Legget, Peter Ham, John Reynolds, Jo- hannes Pruyn, Johannes Laut, and Johannes Moet appear upon the church records as prominent citizens of what was then Kinderhook, although it is probable that a few of the foregoing, and those named in the list following, may have resided in Claverack. In 1784, John Mesick, Cornelius Miller, Mathew Pruyn, Jacob Sprugstein, Thomas Son, Peter Wynkoop, Philip Diedrick, Nich- olas Holsapple, Jacobus Sickles, Zachariah Sickles, Isaac Van Ness, John Schenkel, Peter L. Van Alen, Barton Flagelar, John Conklin, Daniel Ludlow, and Joseph T. Green are noted as living in the territory tributary to the old church. In the same connection, a little later, appear the names of Walter Carpenter, Johannes Hover, Daniel
RESIDENCE OF JAMES MIX, KINDERHOOK, NEW YORK.
LITH BY L H EVERTS &CO. PHILA. PA
221
HISTORY OF COLUMBIA COUNTY, NEW YORK.
Paddock, Michael Shufelt, Samuel Buskirk, John Pruyn, Nicholas Miller, John Salsberg, Adam IIoffman, Peter Snyder, Jr., Isaac Labayh, John Devoe, Peter Pulver, John Holland, and John Bogardus.
Owing to its proximity to the river, and the favorable conditions afforded by it for the sale of farm products, the settlements of Kinderhook were denser at an early day than in some of the other towns. This proportion has not been maintained to the present day. The population in 1875 was three thousand nine hundred and ninety-six, twelve less than in 1865.
PIONEER MILLS.
As near as can be determined, the first mill in the county was erected in old Kinderhook. Frans Peiters Clavers had a saw-mill on the little stream, two miles north from Stuyvesant Landing, as early as 1665. Here, doubtless, was sawn the lumber used by the early settlers, and from this circumstance the stream was known as the Saw Kill long after Frans Peiters had passed away. There were grist and saw-mills at Valatie in 1697; and in 1763 the saw-mill at this point was owned by Hans Hoes, and the grist-mill by Deriek Hoes. The power on Valatie creek was also improved as early as 1712.
AN OLD-TIME TAVERN,
and the first of which we have any account, was kept by a man named Quackenboss, on the post-road, four miles north from Kinderhook village. Besides having been credited as one of the best inns from Albany southward, it became celebrated as the place where the commission appointed to divide the Kinderhook patent among its grantees sat, from Ang. 10, 1762, on sixty-eight days. It is said that the surveyor of the party, Volkert Douw, was fond of the good things of life, and besides doing justice to the host's larder had a special fondness for his liquor. His bill for this luxury amounted to thirty-one pounds, one shilling, and sixpence, which was generously paid by the commission. The entire expenses of the body amounted to nine hundred and six pounds, seven shillings, and threepence, and was paid by selling seventeen hundred and twenty-one acres of land, at Quackenboss' tavern, to Robert Livingston, he being the only bidder. Numerous other hostelries were along the post-road, but beyond the bare knowledge of their existence, no other account has been preserved.
THE OLD HOUSES OF KINDERHOOK
are appropriately noted in this connection. Although not hotels, they have become widely known for their generous hospitality. One of the best known is popularly termed the " Centennial Mansion." It was erected in 1774, by David Van Schaack, and was for those days a magnificent dwelling, substantially constructed, and elegantly finished. In 1785, Peter Van Schaack made this house his home, and entertained many distinguished persons. In October, 1777, General Burgoyne passed through Kinderhook, as a prisoner of war, and was entertained at the mansion. Later, Aaron Burr was a guest ; and in Martin Van Buren's time Henry Clay, Washington Irving, Thomas H. Benton, Silas Wright, Wm. H. Marey, and many others of equal promi-
nence, were visitors at the mansion. In 1814, Dr. John P. Beekman purchased it of the estate of John Rogers, and renovated the house, adding the two wings. It is yet in a good state of preservation, and is now used as a summer residence by Aaron J. Vanderpoel, of New York city. " Until a few years ago, there was a house in the village to which Benedict Arnold was carried in 1777, on his way from Saratoga to Connecticut. One of the side posts of the doorway was ent down to make room for the litter on which the then wounded patriot was borne." Near Linden- wald, which was the old Van Ness mansion, is yet standing the old Van Alen house, now nearly two hundred years old. Here was born the gifted Peter L. Van Alen, who was killed in a duel by Win. H. Crawford, afterwards secre- tary of the treasury under President Monroe. The house now occupied by General Chrysler is said to have been built in 1717; and a tenant-house in the village was built in 1766. In the old town, in what is now Stuyvesant, was a house long owned by the Wendover family, which con- tained a chamber all finished with cherry wood. On one occasion, General Washington, in passing from New York to Albany, lodged at this house, and occupied the " cherry chamber," which was long preserved on account of this association. The house itself was a low but comfortable structure, and had a spacious mantel, constructed of " Serip- tural tiles," after the manner of the old Holland houses. This and many other historie houses of old Kinderhook have been demolished, and even the recollection of them is vague and contradictory.
CIVIL ORGANIZATION.
It is said that Kinderhook had a good system of domestic government several years before its formation into a dis- triet, March 22, 1772. This was the first district formed in the present county of Columbia, antedating the other districts two days. It was organized as a town March 7, 1788. The first records were kept in Holland Dutch. This book and the records extending to 1797 have been de- stroyed. Those from 1844 to 1872 are also missing, neees- sitating, consequently, a brevity and incompleteness of this part of the history of the town. Nothing can be learned concerning the early roads, schools, and town legislation.
Fortunately, we have been able to compile a list of the names of the principal officers from 1787 to 1878. These have been as follows :
Supervisors.
1787.
Cornelius Van Schaack. Evert Vosburgh.
=
1789,
..
=
1790.
1791.
1792
1793
=
.
1794.
1795.
1796
Dirck Gardenier.
1797.
James I. Van Alen.
46
44
1798
44
.€
1799
Abram 1. Van Vleck.
1800
1801
1802.
John Van Alen.
1803
Elihu Gridley. John A. Van Buren.
1804
1805.
€6
Francis Pruyn.
1806.
1807
1808
66
=
Elibu Gridley.
Barent I. Goes, Jr.
Town Clerks. Abraham Van Buren.
1788
222
HISTORY OF COLUMBIA. COUNTY, NEW YORK.
Supervisors.
1809.
Abraham Van Vleck. =
1810.
1811
John L. Van Alen, Jr.
1812
1813.
1814
Henry L. Van Dyck.
John L. Van Alen.
1815.
1816
1817
1818.
66
1819.
44
1820.
182] .John P. Beekman. 46
=
= 1815-18-21-27. Lucas Goes. 1815. Robert Patterson. 1815-18-21. Adam Van Alen.
1815. Laurence Van Buren. John A. Staats.
1874. Jacob Cook. 1875. John Bushy.
1815-27. Ebenezer Kingman.
1876. Ilenry P. Van Hoesen.
1815. Jonathan Howland. Elisha Gridley.
1877. John C. Sweet. 1878. Jacob Cook.
It is claimed that the town of Kinderhook has produced more eminent public men than any other town in the country. The appended list gives the names of its citizens who have attained prominent national, State, and county positions :
The offices of president of the United States, vice-presi- dent, United States senator, secretary of state, minister to England, governor of New York, attorney-general of New York, member of constitutional convention, and surrogate and regent of the University, were all held by Martin Van Buren.
Members of Congress from this town have been Peter Silvester, John P. Van Ness, Aaron Vanderpoel, Charles L. Beale.
Of State Senators, Kinderhook has furnished Peter Silvester, Martin Van Buren, Jolın P. Beekman, Wm. H. Tobey.
Members of the Assembly .- Peter Silvester, Direk Gar- denier, James Brebner, Peter I. Vosburgh, James I. Van Alen, James Vanderpoel, John L. Van Alen, Jr., Peter Van Vleck, Barent Van Buren, Aaron Vanderpoel, Julius Wil- coxson, John S. Vosburgh, Wm. H. Tobey, Lucas Hoes, George Van Santwood, Adam A. Hoysradt, Samuel W. Carpenter, Alonzo H. Farrar.
Delegate to adopt United States Constitution .- Peter Van Ness.
Member of the Council of Appointment .- Peter Van Ness.
Presidential Electors .- Lucas Hoes, Laurence Van Bu- ren, Charles L. Beale, David Van Schaack.
Regent of the University .- Peter Silvester.
COUNTY.
First Judges .- Peter Van Ness, Julius Wilcoxson.
Judges .- Peter Silvester, Peter Van Ness, William P. Van Ness, David Ludlow, Lawrence M. Goes, Richard I. Goes, James Vanderpoel, Julius Wilcoxson.
Justices of Sessions .- John C. Sweet, Wm. Kip, Henry M. Niver, Jr., William Kip, John C. Sweet.
Surrogates .- Wm. W. Van Ness, James I. Van Alen, James Vanderpoel, Wm. H. Tobey.
District Attorneys .- Julius Wilcoxson, Francis Silvester, Gershom Bulkley.
JUSTICES OF THE PEACE APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNOR.
1786-89-92. Peter Van Ness. 1786-89-92-95. Peter Silvester. 1786-89-92. Issac Goes. 1786-89-92-98. Jacobus Van
Alen. 1786. Cornelius Van Schaack.
1789. Harmon Van Buren.
1789-92-95-98. Isaac P. Van Valkenburgh. 1792-95-98. Abraham Van Als- tyne.
1795. Evert Vosburgh.
James Brebner.
-
Francis Silvester.
Lucas Van Alen.
1795-98. Derick Gardenier. 1795. Eldam Van Ness. Lawrence Van Dyck. 1798. Isaac Vanderpoel. 1801. John Goes. 1801-4. James I. Van Alen.
1801. Medad Butler.
1801-4. Wilhelmus Van Bergen. 1801. Cornelius Van Alen. .- 1804. William Dickie. John A. Van Buren. Lawrence M. Goes.
1808. Richard I. Goes. Volkert Witbeck. John Van Ness.
1808-15. Joshua Wildley.
1810-13. Andries Witbeck. Cornelius Watson. John L. Van Alen, Jr. Derick Gardenier. Adam Van Alen. 1813-27-29. Jesse Merwin.
1818-40. Barent I. Goes, Jr. 1821. Medad Butler. 1823-25. Isaac McCagg. 1826-29. John J. Van Buren. 1830-36. 1Iorace Bidwell. 1835-36. James Sutherland. 1837. Ansell CanolI. 1840. John Trimper. 1841-43. Francis W. Bradley. 1844-48. Alanson Albertson. 1845-49. John Trimper. 1872. Peter Springstien. 1873. John C. Sweet. Henry P. Van Hoesen.
1813-27. John L. Van Alen, Jr. Barent Van Buren. William Dickie. Stephen Wendover.
1826.
46
1827
Peter H. Bain.
1829
1830
1831
Lucas Hoes, 66
1832
Ilenry Flagler. James Sutherland, Jr.
1835
46
Augustus Whiting. 16
1836
1837 Lanrence Van Buren.
John Trimper. "
=
John H. Corning. Leonard B. Flagelar.
1841. John Vanderpoel.
1842
.Peter I. Hoes.
1844 Lucas Hoes.
1845. . Laurence Van Buren. "
1846
1847 Henry M. Niver.
1848. Henry Hoysradt.
1849. Benajah Conant.
1850 Laurence Van Buren.
1851
1852 .. Aaron Huyck.
1853. . Laurence Van Buren.
1854. Benajah Conant.
1855
1856 Ilenry M. Niver.
1857 . Henry Snyder.
1858 Abram I. Van Alen.
1859 James C. Vosburgh.
John A. Van Bramer.
1860.
1861. Henry Dennis.
1862
1863 Allen Jacobia.
A. V. D. Whitbeck.
1864 .. James Miller.
=
1865
1866. Wm. J. Penoyer. 1867. John A. Van Bramer. 1868 Charles W. Trimper.
Walter Miller. 46
1869
A. De Meyer.
1870
66
1871.
1872
Ransom Gardenier.
1873
John Snyder.
W. S. Hallenbeck.
1874.
Calvin Ackley.
1875
Charles W. Trimper.
Michael W. Lant.
1876
1877
1878
Edwin 1Ioes.
Howland Van Slyck.
Edwin Hoes.
George Hoxsie.
James Miller.
W. I. Merwin.
Geo. W. Hoxsie. Peter 11. Niver.
"
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