USA > New York > New York City > History of New Netherland; or, New York under the Dutch, Vol. I > Part 46
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[From the Rensselaerswyck MSS.]
In the name of the Lord, Amen.
THIS day, 7th September, anno 1646, the presiding officers of the Colonie Rensse- laerswyck on one side, and Thomas Chamber on the other, have agreed and consented about a certain parcel of land, lying right opposite the Bouwerie, called the Flatt, [de Vlachte,] on the east bank of the river, between the two kills, which land he, Thomas aforesaid, shall occupy as a bouwerie for the term of five successive years, commenc- ing the 15th November, anno 1647, on the following conditions :
Thomas Chamber shall build free of all cost and charges, and without claiming a doit in return from the Lord Patroon, at his own expense, a farm-house sixty feet long, twenty feet wide in the clear, the projection and all in proportion, as occasion may require, all faithful and firm work, without further specifying the same ; but in all its parts and members similar to the barn of Poentje. A dwelling-house apart and separate from the barn, thirty-two feet long, eighteen feet wide, with a projection [uytlaetingh] on one side, the posts above the beams projecting two feet and a half, honest work, without specification, and without any expense to the Patroon as afore- said. Further, the haggards, palisades, and in fine, every thing free of charge to the Patroon.
On condition of receiving in hand two mares and two studs, and moreover, two milch cows, the increase being on halves ; but herein he shall enjoy the privilege of the bouweries which shall be leased on the arrival of the Director; the risk is also half and half, except such as the Indians may kill, which shall be at the sole risk of the Patroon, on sufficient proof being brought thereof. In case any opportunity shall offer to erect a mill near the aforesaid bouwerie, the said Thomas shall be preferred before all others, on the same conditions as others, or as shall then be agreed upon. From the summer sowing of the year 1647, shall he give tenths, and therewith be quit. The last seed which he shall plant in the bouwerie he is at liberty to thrash without payment.
The tenths of the lease years remain, as on the other bouweries. The risk of the houses and barns and fences remain at the charge of Thomas Chamber. The said Thomas shall preserve the said house and barns above and around, and within, in firm and fast repair, without allowing any damage to befall them, and the land all around as far as is necessary, enclose with fences not over two years old, delivering up and transporting the same to the Lord Patroon, or his resident agent here, free of cost and charges, at the expiration of his lease. And the said houses, barns, and fences, shall be the Patroon's rent for the aforesaid five years.
In case it should happen, which God forbid, that war should break out between us and the Indians, and Thomas be obliged to fly from the bouwerie, the time that he shall be absent shall be allowed him, and his time begin again from the date of his return.
And whereas Thomas Chambers demands assurance that these conditions shall be ratified by the Lords Masters without diminution, addition, or annulment, therefore do
60
474
APPENDIX.
we, in the name of the Lords aforesaid, promise and guaranty to the said Thomas, that there shall he no failure or neglect in whatever is mentioned and agreed upon here, but, on the contrary, all shall be maintained even as if our Lords aforesaid them- selves drew them up.
Thomas Chambers shall yearly pay, as an acknowledgment, five and twenty pounds of butter during his lease. He shall make use of his pasture above and below his bouwerie without let or hinderance.
Their worships, the presiding officers aforesaid, agree that he, Thomas, at the expi- ration of the above five successive years, shall cultivate the said bouwerie still three further years, provided he pay in addition to the tenths, five hundred guilders yearly, from the produce of the said bouwerie, at a valuation according to the rate that grain shall sell for at that time; and in addition to the aforesaid horses, one mare and one stud shall be delivered to him, according to agreement.
To all which the said Thomas Chambers hath agreed under his signature, in the same manner as their worships the presiding officers have promised that on their part there shall be no failure in the performance of these conditions, and pnactually to ob- serve the same under confiscation of all his goods, having and to have, present and future, how much soever they may be, under the obligation of renouncing, according to law, all [other] lords, courts, judges, and rulers. Promising, moreover, to be in all obedience subject to all his (the Patroon's) magistrates; to be true and faithful to them as occasion may demand, as a good subject is bound to be.
In acknowledgment hereof hath Thomas Chamber signed this with his own hand. Actum Rensselaerswyck, as above dated.
THOMAS CHAMBERS.
In presence of me the Secretary, in the name of their honors the Board afore- said,
ANTONIO DE HOOGES.
We, guardians and tutors of Jean van Rensselaer, Patroon of the colonie called Rensselaerswyck, situate on the North River, in New Netherland, &c., have leased and farmed unto Arent van Curler, who hereby also acknowledges to have leased and farmed from us, under the following stated conditions, restrictions, and stipulations, the Bouwery named the Flatte, (de Vlachte,) and the hereafter mentioned appurte- nances, for the term of six successive years, the farm lease beginning and terminating on the first of September, and that of the house on the first of May, one thousand six hundred eight and forty.
I. Firstly, the Patroon retains for himself the tenths of all grain, fruits, and pro- ducts which shall be raised off this bouwery.
II. This bouwery contains about . ... morgens of farmland, of which the lessee shall be bound yearly to cultivate . .. . morgens, and may, in addition, clear as much land as he shall be able to till with his people, without subletting or farming the same during the continuance of the lease, with the understanding that the lessee shall take the crops standing in the field, on the commencement hereof, such as they are paying the Patroon therefor according to the valuation of impartial persons, the Patroon agree- ing on the other side, to take the crops which shall be standing on the expiration of this lease, at a valuation.
III. The lessee shall be entitled to so much pasture as he shall require for his cattle
--
475
APPENDIX.
withont paying any extra rent further than only one guilder for every swine that ranges in the woode.
IV. And for the cultivation of the said bonwerie there shall be delivered to him for his use six cows, two heifers, [veers pincken,] six mares, and two stnds or oxen from among those on this bouwery, and that on halves, to wit :- one half the produce shall be for the Patroon, and the other half for the lessee, it being well understood that the lessee is bound to restore the given number according to the choice of the Patroon, and to divide the remainder, half and half, without the lessee pretending to have any claim for their maintenance or payment, or for the above-mentioned resti- tution.
V. And it is specially conditioned that the lessee shall not have power to keep on this bouwery any other cattle of private individuals, nor to lend, alienate, or give away during the continnance of the lease of this bonwery, any of the received stock, with- out our special consent, and he shall duly convey and ride all the manure on and over the land.
VI. For the use of which bouwery and occupancy of the house, the lessee shall pay yearly to the Patroon the sum of five hundred guilders, ($200,) but for the first year a deduction of one hundred and fifty guilders ($60) shall be made in regard that he convey his laborers thither at his own expense-which payment shall be made, the first half in November, and the other half in February, in merchantable beaver-hides, at four guilders ($1 60) the pound, or in grain at the current rate as the same is sold in the colonie, or in ready current money.
VII. The lessee shall be holden to keep the houses and buildings on the bouwerye in good repair, and to preserve and maintain the bouwerye in good order at his own expense, provided the house shall be first delivered to him wind and weather-tight, and at the expiration of the lease, he shall deliver it up in the same state.
VIII. It is well understood that the lessee is holden, over and above the aforesaid rent, during the winter season, to cut in the forest for the Patroon, ten pieces of oak or fir-wood, which shall be pointed ont to him, and bring the same to the shore ; also, 'every year, to give three days' service with his wagon and horses, to the Patroon or his guardians ; also, each year, to cut, split, and bring to the waterside, two fath- oms of hickory or other firewood ; further, to deliver yearly to the Director as quit- rent, one-half mud [two bushels] of wheat, five and twenty pounds of butter, and two pair of fowls.
IX. The lessee shall not lodge any strange traders in his house, nor bring nor re- ceive their goods on pain of forfeiting all the conditions granted to him, and to be ejected as a perfidious man.
X. And in case any question should arise between the lessee and others, the same shall be submitted to the commissaries there, without any appeal or further complaint being allowed.
XI. The lessee submits himself, moreover, as a faithful subject, to all regulations, orders, and conditions made by the Patroon and read before him, regarding dwelling together, and to all the statutes and ordinances to be hereafter made.
XII. The lessee promising, on the passing of the aforesaid lease, to comport himself faithfully in the said quality, and to fully follow the same ; not to defraud the Patroon in the least nor in the most, directly nor indirectly, all under mortgage of his person and goods, moveable and immoveable, having and to have, submitting the whole thercof, and the adjudication thereof, to the constraint of all laws and judges.
476
APPENDIX.
XIII. Finally have the guardians and lessors reserved, in case the aforesaid bouw- erye should be leased by the commissaries there, before the arrival of the lessee there, that this lease shall he null, and the aforesaid Curler being shewn another bouwerye, the commissaries there shall in that case agree with him thereupon, wherewith Curler is satisfied and agreed.
In witness whereof is this by each party subscribed, in Amsterdam, this 30th Sep- tember, 1647. Jehan van Weely, W. van Twiller, Arendt van Curler, in presence of me as witness, F. van de Ven, Not. Pub. residing in Amsterdam.
477
APPENDIX.
R
Prices of imported articles and domestic produce in the Colonie of Rens- selaerswyck from 1630 to 1646.
[Compiled from the account books of the Colonie.]
N. B. 20 stivers make one florin of 40 cents, and 2} florins, one dollar.
Imports.
fl. st.
fl. st.
Kersey, red, blue, or white, per ell, 2.00
A chisel,
1.00
Cloth,
" " 2 to 5.00
An iron hammer,
14
Canvass,
15
A seine
6.00
Osnabruck linen,
9
A hoop net,
7.10
Duffels,
3.00
A lanthorn,
15
Linen breeches, .
1.10
A kettle,
3 to 6.00
A trimmed shirt, or chemise,
3.10
A wooden ladle,
. 1.10
A blanket, or coverlet,
7 to 8.00
An English knife,
1 to 2.10
A linen gown, [roke,] .
1.10
Knives per doz., .
4.16
Shoes, per pair,
2 to 4.00
Silk buttons per doz.,
6
Children's do., .
1. 4
Gunpowder,
per lb.,
1.00
Stockings, per pair,
5
Cheese,
3
A hat,
10.00
Soap,
6
A peajacket,
4.10
Prunes,
¥
2
Sugar, per lb.,
15
Steel,
1
Yarn,
2.00 Nails, [100 to the lb.,]
8
Cotton yarn,
1.10
Large pins, per 1000,
18
Net yarn,
12
Sole-leather per lb.,
1.02
Shoemakers' yarn,
1.10
Upper-leather "
1.10
A gun,
11 to 17.10
Spanish wine, per can or pot,
1.00
A musket and cartouch box,
. 19.00
Vinegar, ¥
10
An axe, or hatchet,
1} to 2.00
Spruce beer [1637] " Oil,
1.12
A grindstone,
1.00
Train oil,
16
A scythe,
2.10
Brandy
1.05
A spade,
1} to 2.10
Malt per schepel, [3 pecks,]
3.00
A winnowing fan,
4.10
A ton of white salt,
7.13
A plough and iron-work,
28.16
Half barrel of salt,
2.12
A wooden yoke, .
1.05
A small barrel of salt meat, 33.00
A ploughshare, .
25.00
An iron anvil, 100.00
Sheep's bell, copper,
1.06 Smiths' coals por chaldron, . 19.10
18
A cheese,
2 to 5.00
18 Lead,
3
A skein of silk,
.
478
APPENDIX.
fl. st.
101 bars of flat iron,
. 485.00
Cloves,
per oz.,
10
1 Blacksmith's bellows,
47.00
Mace,
16
Nutmegs, per oz.,
10
Pepper,
2
Ginger, =
2 A glass tumbler, .
. 1.00
Domestic Produce.
Wheat, [1635]
per schepel, 2.10
Butter, per Ib., .
8
Indian corn, [1637]
2.00
Small beer, per ton,
6.00
Barley,
6
2.10 Strong beer " "
. 18 to 20.00
Oats,
1.00
Wampum, per ell,
2.17
Bread corn,
2.10
Palisades, per 1000,
15.00
Rye,
2.00
Plank, each,
. 1.10 to 1.16
Turnips,
15
Day laborers' wages, [1637] per
Indian corn, [1643]
=
1.10
diem,
1 to 1.10
Malt,
¥
. 2.10
Carpenters' do., do. 2.00
Reed, per 100 bundles,
1.00
A horse,
80.00
Yellow brick, per 1000,
. 15.00
A pig,
12, 26, 30, to 45.00
300 Carrots,
2.00
A she-goat, [1642]
36.00
A wagon, .
. 30.00
Beaver each,
6 to 7.00
A beaver coat,
25.00
Use of a stud for a year,
. 30.00
Use of a mare "
40.00
or
$330.00
A pair of fowls,
2.00
1646.
fl. st.
Wheat,
per schepel,
2.10
A gun,
. 35
Oats,
1.00
A mare and stud,
.330
Peas,
3.10
Use of a stud for 1 year,
30
Rye,
2.00
Use of a cow,
20
Indian corn,
66
1.05
A horse,
160
Little beans, (boontje,)
2.10
A cow,
50 to 120
Buckwheat,
66
1.10
A yearling bull-calf,
8
Barley,
"
=
2.05
A pig,
25 to 26
Wild beans,
1.10
A tun of small beer,
6
Butter,
per pound,
.08
A barrel of strong beer,
18
Pork,
9st to 10
Old iron,
2
Mackerel, per 100,
14
New iron,
31
A mare 3 to 6 years old,
120
Tobacco,
66
1.
“: 2
. 70
Hops,
.17
A stud, 2 "
60
Plank, per 100,
100.
A cow, 3 to 6
80
Sawing do , per piece,
.03
Beaver,
6 to 7.00
Freight of the Yacht Rensselaers- wyck, per day,
5
An ox, [1637]
80 to 140.00
A barn, plough, and harrow, were valued, in 1643, by the council of Rensselaerswyck, at . . 825.00
66
An anchor of vinegar,
21
.
fl. st.
479
APPENDIX.
S.
PAPERS RELATING TO THE COLONIE OF ZWANENDAL.
[From a Notarial copy, which is among papers of the late Proprietaries of Pennsylvania.]
Extract from the Register of Resolutions agreed to at the Assembly of the Lords Directors of the Old West India Company, at the Chamber at Amsterdam.
Tuesday the 19th June, 1629.
The Heer Samuel Godyn having heretofore given notice here that he intended to plant a colonie in N. Netherland, and that he also to that end had engaged two persons to proceed thither to examine into the situation of those quarters, declares that he, now in quality of Patroon, has undertaken to occupy the Bay of the South River, on the conditions concluded in the last Assembly of the XIX., as he hath likewise ad- vised the Director Pieter Minnet, and charged him to register the same there.
Another Extract, or Authentic Copy, from a bundle of papers relating to New Netherland, beginning 7th Feb., 1635, and ending 2d June, 1653.
WHEREAS, Directors of the General West India Company were commissioned on the 22d August, 1634, by the Assembly of the XIX., to treat and transact with all the Patroons and colonists in New Netherland, for the purchase of the Patroonships, Colonies, dignities, houses, buildings, lands, merchandises, and all the rights, effects, appondages, and dependencies thereof, which they were in possession of there, Therefore the aforesaid commissioners, having reported, have, with the approbation of the Chamber at Amsterdam, dated 27th November, 1634, agreed and concluded with Samuel Bloemmaert, Kiliaen van Rensselaer, Jacques de la Mine, Hendrick Hamel, Nicolaus van Setterich, Johan van Harinckhonck, and the heirs of Samuel Godyn, deceased, each for their contingent, and they further representing Johan de Laet, (endehaer vorden sterk maeckende voor J. de L.,) that they conjointly, and each for himself in particular, for the behoof of the aforesaid company, shall surrender, as they do hereby, their two colonies, named SWAENENDAEL, in New Netherland, together with the jurisdictions, dignities, lands, rights, appendages, and dependencies therennto belonging, which they there, by virtue of their two distinct sealed patents obtained before the Council of New Netherland, resident on the island Manhattes, dated the 15th July, 1630, and 3d June, 1631, in pursuance of letters of conveyance passed by Queskakons and Ensanckes, Sickonesyns, and inhabitants of their villages, and the other by Sawotbouc, Wiewyt, Pemhacky, and others appearing on the aforesaid date, both sitnate on the South River, as well on the south hook of the Bay, as on the east side
480
APPENDIX.
of the said river, with all such houses, buildings, outhouses, as they or their servants may have purchased, erected, or brought there, nene excepted to trade with there, together with their own free goods, without reserving therein any right of action, placing such property from now henceforward in full possession of the aforesaid com- pany, according to the aferesaid original letters, which they do hereby deliver ever, consenting at all times to grant to the aforesaid Company, before the Director and Council of New Netherland, when required, further conveyance, acknowledgment, and discharge, and to give therefer suitable authority, without their being beund for any further indemnity.
Likewise, they promise and deliver over, besides these, to the said company, all charters, maps, and papers, concerning the aforesaid colonies and affairs of New Netherland, as far as it remains with them, and moreover to let them remain to the company as their free property, without claiming thereunto any right, action, or pre- tension. And that for the sum of fifteen thousand, six hundred guilders to be paid- one third part six months after the aforesaid 27th November, 1634, to wit, on the 27th May, anno 1635, and fifteen months after that, to wit, on the 27th August, 1636, the second third part, and fifteen months afterwards, to wit, the 27th November, 1637, the last third part.
Fer which sum, the company shall deliver to each participant (partner) of the said colonie, according to their quota and rata, by the said comparants surrendered, its par- ticular (special) obligation, without the one being for all that holden to wait on the other for his money.
It being well understood that they conjointly, for the good of the company, shall take care that no man, henceforward, shall claim any thing on account of the aforesaid colenie under penalty according to law, as they herehy agree to.
It shall be lawful to the sellers, or any of them, for the sum to which their obliga- tion amounts-to wit, each according to estimation, for the sum of nineteen hundred and fifty guilders, to purchase, or cause to be purchased, goods from the company, in conformity to the Octroy or amplification thereef, and te deduct in whole or in part, at the rate of 6 per cent. per annum, frem the time the bill is due according to the bargain to be made by them, or from the day that they shall notify the discount to the day of payment.
And all claims and accounts which the aforesaid sellers and the company, on ac- count of the aferesaid Colonies, or other transactions in New Netherland, beth as to receipts and expenses, with ether outstanding odd accounts, without pretending any other claims or actions in the world, shall be included in this sale, and shall hereby remain discharged, and stand erased on the boeks.
Only that the aforesaid sellers or their assigns shall, moreover, be free and exempt from the duties on the cargo of timber which the ship West Friesland, whereof Jan Symonz is skipper, shall bring back on this voyage.
And that the lawsuit between the Patroons of Swaenendael and the company, de- pending before the court of Amsterdam, is not included in this transaction, and the parties on both sides, so far as concerns that, remain wholly free to pursue their right as they shall think proper.
And the aforesaid contracting parties shall observe, and allow each other peaceably and freely to enjoy the effect of this contract, under bond of law, namely, that those of the company shall pledge only the effects and goode of the company, moveable and immoveable, present and future, and the aforesaid sellers, their persons and goods
481
APPENDIX.
in manner aforesaid, all without fraud er guile. In testimony whereof, two instru- ments only being made, are signed by the respective parties, in Amsterdam, this 7th February, 1635. Was subscribed, Albert Kounraetsburgh, Daniel van Libergen, Jean Raye, F. de Vries, Marcus van Valckenburgh, S. Bloemmaert, Henrick Hamel, N. van Setterich, J. van Harinckhenck ; Hendrick Crip, for the heirs of Samuel Godyn ; Jacques de la Mine, Kilian van Rensselaer, for his part in the Colonie of Swaenendael aforesaid, and no more.
61
483
INDEX.
INDEX.
[WHERE THE SUBJECT REFERRED TO IN THIS INDEX IS NOT FOUND IN THE TEXT, IT WILL BE MET IN THE NOTES.]
A.
Achter Cul, attack on, 286.
Achterveldt, where situate, 172.
Agriculture, Indian, 51.
Ages of the Rev. Mr. Megapolensis, his wife and children, when they came to N. Netherland, 448.
Agreement between the Rev. Mr. Mega- poleusis and the first Patroon, 448 ; be- tween Kiliaen van Rensselaer and the Directors of the West India Company relative to the approval of the Rev. J. Megapolensis as minister at Rensse- laerswyck, 450.
Ahasimus, 126.
Albany, The Half Moon, in the neighbor- hooo of, 39 ; the ship William ascends near, 145.
America, Jean and Sebastian Cabot sail along the coast of, 26.
American seas, the first Dutch ships in the, 26.
Amersfoort, New, first settlement of, 173. Amsterdam Fort, erected, 104; cost of, 171.
Amusements among the Indians, 65.
Amusing anecdote of an Indian, 53. Anchor bay, where situate, 73.
Animals of New Netherland, 46.
Aquehonga-Manacknong, 48.
Archipelagoes, situation of the, 73 ; pur- chased by the Dutch, 215.
Ardent spirits manufactured in N. Neth- erland, 228.
Argal, Captain, visits the Manhattans, 69. Armenveruis, 156.
Arms of Rensselaerswyck, The, sails for New Netherland, 340 ; is confiscated, 342 ; returns to Holland, 343.
Assembly of the XIX., composition of the, 90. Awiehaken, 274.
Azores, The, discovered, 26.
B.
Bancroft, Mr., his error as to the source of popular freedom in New Netherland, 393.
Banishment, sentences of, pronounced by the Court of Rensselaerswyck, 320, 439.
Barentzoon, Willem, his voyage to the north, 28.
Baxter, George, appointed English Secre- tary, 259.
Bays, Anchor and Sloop, 73.
Beer, ordinance prohibiting an individual brewing, 389.
Beeren island, Indian name of, 122 ; for- tified, 341.
Beets, his proposal to the States of Hol- land, 27.
Bergen, 389.
Bermuda, the Dutch send some In- dians as a present to the Governor of, 313.
Betencour discovers the Azores, 26.
Bethlehem, 390.
Beversreede, fort, 156.
Beverswyck, 326 ; number of houses in, in 1646, 390.
Biographical sketch of the Rev. Peter
Plancius, 94; of the Rev. Hugh Pe- ters, 234.
Birds of New Netherland, 46.
Blanck, Juriaen, 142.
Blessing, the bark, arrives at the Man- hattans, 151.
Bloemmaert and Godyn purchase land, 121, 125 ; sell their colonie to the West India Company, 365.
Blue Cock, The, arrives with troops at New Netherland, 310.
Block, Adriaen, sails for the Manlrattans,
72 ; name of his ship, ib. ; builds the Restless, ib. ; his discoveries, 73.
Bogaerdt, Joost de, commander, 366
484
INDEX.
Bogardus, Rev. E., minister at Manhat- tans, 142 ; quarrels with Van Twiller, 167 ; complaints against him, 173 ; re- monstrates against the war, 266 ; quar- rels with Kieft, 362 ; indieted, 364.
Books, catalogue of, sent to Rensselaers- wyek, 454.
Bout, Jan Evertz., superintendent in Pa- vonia, 167 ; elected one of the Eight Men, 285.
Bradford, Gov. of New Plymouth, 106; letters of De Razier to, 107 ; writes to Director Minnit, 108.
Bradt, Albert Andriessen, 433
Brandy, first introduction of, among the
Indians, 38 ; manufactured on Staten Island, 228.
Brazil, Dutch expelled from several prov- inces in. 309.
Bressani, Father, taken prisoner by the Indians, 336; is ransomed by the Dutch, 337.
Breukelen, why so called, 101; incorpo- rated, 383.
Brewers, The, resist the payment of the excise, 311.
Bronck, Jonas, residence of, 250.
Brown, Rev. Richard, separates from the Established church, 82.
Burials among the Indians, 61.
C.
Cabot, Jean and Sebastian, follow Co- lumbus, 26.
Call of the Rev. Johannes Megapolensis, 449.
Canada, Dutch visit The River of, 32.
, dates of some of the early patents for Seigneuries in, 120.
Canarsee Indians, location of the, 49.
Canoes, Indian, 54.
Carleton, Sir Dudley, remonstrates against the Dutch, 96; his letter to the States General, 97; Walloons apply to him for leave to settle in Virginia, 100.
Castle island, dimensions of the fort on, 76 ; the fort on destroyed, 78.
Castleton Indians entertain Hudson, 37. Castle Rensselaer, 342.
Catalogue of books for the Colonie of Rensselaerswyck, 454.
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