USA > New York > Indian names in New-York : with a selection from other states, and some Onondaga names of plants, etc. > Part 2
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In the main this interpretation will stand. Mr. Gatschet sim- ply reverses the story, taking the fish from Lake Erie. On the other hand, Morgan interprets it as Place where one was lost. On Pouchot's map of 1758, the Conewango, flowing from the lake, appears as the River Shatacom.
Kas-an-ot-i-a-yo-go, or Jon-as-ky, was at one end of the Chau- tauqua portage, in 1753.
Di-on-ta-ro-ga, or At-to-ni-at, was on the same at that time.
Can-non-dau-we-gea seems the next creek south of Cattarau- gus, as mentioned in the land purchases, but the distance is not given, and it was probably the following :
Ga-na-ct vo, Running through the hemlocks Can-a-da-wa creek and Dunkn' :.
Ga-a-nun-da-ta, A mountain levelled. Silver creek.
Ga-no wun-go, In the rapids. A favorite name here given to Chautauqua creek and Conewango river.
Gus-da-go, Under the rocks. Cassadaga lake and creek.
Ka-e-ou-ag-e-gein is on Pouchot's map for Cattaraugus creek.
CHEMUNG COUNTY.
Che-mung, Big horn, from a collection of large elk horns in the water there. The village was burned in 1779.
Ru non-ve-a, destroyed in the same year. Big Flats. Cusick thought this Ru-non-dea, Place of a King: perhaps a rendezvous for royalists.
Con-e-wa-wa, Ka-no-wa-lo-hale, and Kon-a-wa-hol-la, are dif- ferent forms of a favorite name, occuring near Elmira at the same time, and meaning Head on a pole. This was an Oneida name. but the nations, in extending their settlements, carried names with them, as we have done.
She-do-wa, Great plain. Elmira.
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INDIAN NAMES.
Gan-at-o-che-rat. a Cavuga town on the Chemung river in 1750. Possibly a name derived from a town on Cayuga lake.
Sing Sing creek is said to have been the name of a resident Indian, but is more likely to have been taken from the Monsey town of 1750, which was not far off, and was called As-sin-nis sink.
CHENANGO COUNTY.
O-che-nang, Bull thistles. Chenango river.
Otselic, Capful. It has also been rendered Ilum creek, but shows no resemblance to the Onondaga word for plum.
Sa-de-ah-lo-wa-nake, Thick necked giant. Oxford. This seems connected with Cusick's story of the troublesome giant, whom his friends were obliged to banish, and at last destroy. According to the story he built a fort here. and then + Sidney Plains. There were earth works at both places.
Ga-na-da-dele. Sleep hill. Sherburne.
Ga na-so-wa-di, The other side of the sand. as given to me. Norwich.
Gen-e-ganst-let and Can-a-sa-was-ta are creeks.
CLINTON COUNTY.
Squin-an-ton, or Sque-on-on-ton, rendered a deer. to which the name has some resemblance. The Mohawks call this animal Oskoneantea. Cumberland Head. This is Cape Sec-mo-ti-on on the map of the New York and New Hampshire grants.
Sen-hah-lo-ne, Plattsburgh. Cusick thought this He is still building.
Sar-a-nac. An old form is Sal-a-sa-nac.
COLUMBIA COUNTY.
Most of the names of this county are in old patents, and are of little importance. Nearly all of the following are in those of Livingston Manor, and vary much in the several copies.
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INDIAN NAMES.
Sank-he-nack, an early name of Jansen's Kill.
Kick-u-a, or Kick-pa, and Wa-han-ka-sick, were near this. Min-nis-sich-ta-nock was north of this creek.
A-hash-a-wagh-kick, a hill in the north-east corner of the manor, with a stone-heap.
Ma-nan-o-sick, another in the south part.
Ma-wan-a-gwa-sick, or Wa-wan-a-quas-sick on the north line, "where the heapes of stones lie, * which the Indians throw upon another as they pass from an ancient custom amongst them."
Wa-han-ka-sick, a creek near Jansen's Kill.
Ac-a-wa-nuck, or Ac-a-wai-sik, a rock in the south-east corner.
Ma-hask-a-kook, a cripple bush in the south part. I find no definition of cripple bush in any dictionary or botany, but it means a creeping bush, perhaps a species of Viburnum. In the patent some Indians are called Cripple Indians.
Na-cha-wach-ka-no, a creek in the south part.
Qui-sich-kooh, a small creek.
Pott-kook, a creek south of Kinderhook.
Wack-an-e-kas-seck, a creek opposite Catskill.
Ska-an-kook, a creek.
Ta-was-ta-we-kak, the same farther down.
Kach-ka-wa-yick, west of the mountains.
Ma-which-nack, a flat at the junction of two streams.
No-wan-nag-qua-sick, a flat with a large stone at one end. Ni-chan-kook, a plain.
Sa-ask-a-hamp-ka, or Sack-a-ham-pa, a dry gully opposite Sau- gerties.
Sa-cah-ka, a stream at the extreme east point, near five lime trees.
Wich-qua-pak-kat, at the south-east corner of main part of the manor.
Nup-pa, Wuh-quas-ka, and Wa-wy-ach-ts- nock are other names.
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INDIAN NAMES.
Tagh-ka-nick has been interpreted Water enough, from springs there, but others render ta-con-ic, as forest or wilderness.
Scom-pa-muck, in the town of Ghent.
Co-pake appears on the map of 1798 as Cook-pake lake, and the three following are on the same map.
Na-na pa-ha-kin kill.
Che-co-min-go kill.
Wash-bum mountain.
Kah-se-way, Mat-tas-huck, and Wy-o-ma-nock are other names.
CORTLAND COUNTY.
Te-yogh-a-go-ga, early form of Ti-ough-ni-o-ga, Meeting of waters. In various forms a frequent name at the forks of rivers. O.nan-no-gi-is-ka, Shag bark hickory. Onondaga name for the Troughnioga river.
Te-wis-ta-no-ont-sa-nea-ha, Place of silver smith. Homer.
O-no-wan o-ga-wen-se, a tributary of the Tioughnioga from the west, mentioned in land treaties. It may be a form of a name of the latter already given.
Ragh-shough, a creek north of the last, and mentioned with it. Gan-i-o-ta-ra-gach-rach-at, a small lake mentioned in Spang- enberg's journal of 1745. Mr. Jordan thought this Crandall's pond. Albert Cusick translated it as Long long.
Gan-ner-at-ar-as-ke, from the same journal. Cusick thought this meant The way to the long lake, and Mr. Jordan identified it with Big lake, in Preble.
Che·nin-go creek and Skan-e-at-e-les inlet are other names.
DELAWARE COUNTY.
Skah-un do-wa, In the plains. Delaware river.
Cook-qua-ga, or Cak-qua-go a branch of the same stream.
Cusick gave me the meaning as the place of a girl's skirt.
Te-whe-ack, affluent of the west branch of this river.
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INDIAN NAMES.
As-tra-gun-te-ra, another tributary, may derive its name from Atrakwenda, a flint.
Oul-e-out creek was Au-ly-ou-let in 1768. Given me as à con- tinuing voice, as though that of water.
Che-hoc-ton, or Sho-ka-kin, at the branches of the Delaware river in Hancock, has been said to mean Union of streams.
O-wa-ri-o-neck, tributary to the Susquehanna, 1779.
A-wan-da creek belongs to the east branch of the Susquehanna.
Ti-a-dagh-ta is a stream flowing into the west fork of this branch.
Ad-i-qui-tan-ge, a branch of the Susquehanna in Kortwright.
Ad-a-geg-tin-gue, or Ad-a-gugh-tin-gag, a brook in Davenport The name may be the same as the preceding.
Ad-a-quag-ti-na. The Charlotte river. Given as Ad-a-qui-tan- gie in 1790.
On-o-wa-da-gegh, a Mohawk village of 1766, interprete.1 for me as white clay or muddy place.
Coke-ose has been rendered Ozel's nest, and from this Cook- house is said to have been derived. Deposit.
Pak-a tagh-kan, an Indian village formerly existing at Mar- garetville, on the Delaware.
Ca-shick-a-tunk, a village on Fish creek, which is a branch of the Delaware. 1788.
Ut-sy ant-hi-a lake. Apparently the same as the next.
Ote-se-on-te-o, a spring at the head of Delaware river. Given me as Beautiful Spring, cold and pure.
Pe-pach-ton river. Po-pac-ton and Pa-po-tunk.
Ca-do-st-a creek. Given me as Covered with a blanket.
Mon-gaup valley.
The names and settlements on the Delaware were mostly of that nation. It is curious how the name of a British nobleman has become so completely identified with an Indian people as to
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INDIAN NAMES.
seem almost native to the soil. It became at last the leading name of the Mohegan tribes, but I have no personal interpreter speaking this language.
DUTCHESS COUNTY.
The names in this county are of the Algonquin family, but are not numerous.
Ap-o-keep-sink has been rendered Deep water and safe harbor. but doubtfully, for Poughkeepsie. Early forms are Pi-cip-si and Po-kip-sie.
She-kom-e-ko, a Moravian Indian town of 1750, at Pine Plains. The creek is sometimes spelled Che-kom-i-ko.
Ap-o-quage, Round lake. Silver lake. Mat-te-a-wan, Council of good fur. Hack-en-sack, Low land. A New Jersey name.
Shen-an-do-ah Corners. Recent application of a Virginia name.
Wie co pee Pass. Wap-pin-ger's creek, Opossum. Stis-sing mountains. Se-pas-co lake. Was-sa-ic, Pough-quag and We-ba-tuck are other names. Mare-gond pond, 1779.
ERIE COUNTY.
The name of Erie, meaning a Cat, was applied to the nations destroyed by the Iroquois in 1655. They are usually identified with the Kah kwahs, although some have thought the latter the Neutrals, who at one time had three villages east of the Niagara river. On a map of 1680, the " Ka Koua-go-ga. a nation de- stroyed." is located near Buffalo. If this was the Neutral nation, whose villages were mostly in Canada, if not entirely so at that time, this map takes no notice of the populous and destroyed
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INDIAN NAMES.
Eries. Charlevoix said of the lake, " The name it bears is that of an Indian nation of the Huron language, which was formerly seated on its banks, and who have been entirely destroyed by the Iroquois. Erie in that language signifies Cat, and in some accounts this nation is called the Cat nation. This name comes probably from the large quantity of these animals formerly found in this country. Some modern maps have given lake Erie the name of Conti, but with no better success than the names of Conde, Tracy, and Orleans, which have been given to the lakes Huron, Superior and Michigan." Albert Cusick tells me that Kah-kwah means an eye sivelled like a cat's or prominent rather than deep set. The Eries may thus have had both names, the one from a fancied resemblance to that animal. Before this I think no definition of Kah-kwah has been given. It appears several times in combinations of local names, and tends to strengthen the belief that this was one name of the Eries, con- cerning whom Seneca traditions alone remain.
A large proportion of the following names are in O. H. Mar- shall's list, many of them practically agreeing with Morgan's. A few are from other sources.
To-na-wan-da creek, At the rapids, or Rough water; a frequent name in various forms.
Mas-ki-non-gez, from the fish of that name, which is spelled in so many ways. An early Chippewa name of the same stream, a part of this nation having had villages in New York over a hundred years ago.
Ni-ga. we-nah-a-ah, Small island. . Tonawanda island.
Swee-ge was an early name for Lake Erie used by the English, and equivalent to Oswego, in which form it also appeared in 1726. It seems to have been derived from the Indian name of Grand river in Canada. In the beaver land deed of 1701, it . reads, "The lake called by the natives Sahiquage, and by the
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INDIAN NAMES.
Christians the lake of Swege." That of 1726 is a little different: " Beginning from a creek called Canahogue on the Lake Os- weego."
Sa-hi-qua-ge was an Indian name for this lake, given as above, and seems equivalent to the next.
Kau-ha-gwa-rah-ka, A Cap. This is given in Cusick's history, and I have had its accuracy confirmed in its translation. It is applied to the same lake, and one would infer that it is nearly two thousand years old, from David Cusick's account, which does not agree with Marshall's story. A Seneca name has much the same sound, Ga-i-gwaah-geh. In the deed of 1726 the for- mer name essentially is applied to the upper part of Niagara river. Ca-ha-qua-ra-gha. As Niagara means a neck, and this word a cap, it may refer to the position of this portion of the river.
Marshall, however, relates a story connected with the name which should not be omitted, though perhaps fanciful. It was applied to Fort Erie, and he translates it Place of hats. "Seneca tradition relates, as its origin, that in olden time, soon after the first visit of the white man, a battle occurred on the lake be- tween a party of French in batteaux and Indiansin canoes. The latter were victorious, and the French boats were sunk and the crews drowned. Their hats floated ashore where the fort was subsequently built, and attracting the attention of the Indians from their novelty, they called the locality the place of hats." There seems no historical foundation for this story.
Ga-noh-hol-geh, The place filled up, is sometimes applied to the lake, but properly Lelengs to Long Point. There was an Indian tradition that the Great Beaver built a dam across the lake, of which Long Point and Presque Isle are the fragments.
Do-sho-weh, Splitting the forks. Buffalo. This is from Mor- gan, but is not well sustained. Marshall gives the usual defin- ition.
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INDIAN NAMES.
It will not be amiss to give a few statements regarding the eastward range of the buffalo, of which the first New York ac- count is in Wassenaer's history, 1621-1632. He is speaking of the Indians among the highlands of the Hudson : "On seeing the head of Taurus, one of the signs of the Zodiac, the women know how to explain that it is a horned head of a big. wild animal, which inhabits the distant country, but not theirs." In Van der Donck's New Netherlands, not much later, he says that " Buf- faloes also are tolerably plenty. The animals keep towards the south-west, where few people go." He speaks of them intel- ligently at that early day.
In 1718, M. de Vaudreuil said that " Buffaloes abound on the south shore of Lake Erie, but not on the north." At that time there were Buffalo creeks in New York and Pennsylvania. These animals were abundant in the open forests of Ohio a hundred years ago, as well as in West Virginia. They frequented salt licks. In 1688, La Hontan said that at the foot of Lake Erie. " We find wild beeves, upon the banks of two rivers that dis- charge into it without cataracts or rapid currents." However rare east of the Apalachian range, Lawson relates that two were killed in one year on the Appomatox. a branch of the James river. It seems reasonable, therefore, to suppose that Buffalo had its name from the occasional presence of this animal.
Do-syo-wa, Place of basswoods. From their abundance.
To-se-o-way and Te-ho-se-ro-ron are among the other forms.
Tick-e-ack-gou-ga-ha-un-da, Buffalo creek, is applied to the stream only. It is disputed whether buffaloes were ever found there, or whether the stream was not called after a Seneca In- dian of the Wolf clan, named De-gi-yah goh, or Buffalo, who lived there. As Oak Orchard creek, still further east, was known as Riviere aux Bœufs, or Buffalo creek, as early as 1721, the probability is that buffaloes reached that part of New York at least.
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INDIAN NAMES.
Gah-gwah-ge-ga-aah, or Gah-gwah-geh, Home of the Kah- kwoahs. Eighteen Mile creek. This is Kogh-quau-gu, in the land purchase of 1797, otherwise Ga-gwa-ga creek. Creek of the cat nation, Kah-kwah meaning an eye swelled like a cat's.
Ta-nun-no-ga-o, Full of Hickory bark, is another name for this creek.
Sca-ja-qua-dy. creek, named after an Indian. It is called Scoy-gu-quoi-des in the land treaties, and flows into the Niagara east of Grand Island.
(ren-tai-e-ton was an early Erie village, where Catharine Gan- di-ak-te-na, an Oneida convert, was born. A captive girl, she married an Oneida, and after a life of great piety died in 1673.
Ga-da-geh, Through the oak openings. Cayuga creek. For the same name and place Marshall gives Fishing place with a scoop basket.
Ji-ik-do-waah-geh, Place of crab apple tree. Chicktawauga creek.
De on-gote, Hearing Place. Murderer's creek at Akron. See- un-gut, Rear of distant waters, is the same
Ga-yah-gaawh-doh. The smoke has disappeared, the name of Old Smoke, a noted Seneca chief, who lived on this creek.
De-dyo-deh-neh-sak-do, A gravel bend, is beyond Smoke's creek. It is called also Da-de-o-da-na-suk-to, essentially the same, but defined as a Bend in the shore.
Hah-do-neh. Place of June berries. Seneca creek.
Ga-e-na-dah-daah, Slate rock bottom. Cazenovia creek. Morgan translates Ga-a-nun-deh-ta as Mountain flattened down, which may have been intended for a flat rocky surface. The different interpretations have often similar harmonies.
De-yoh-ho-gah. Forks of the river. The junction of Cayuga and Cazenovia creeks: a common name.
Ta-kise-da-ne yont, Place of the bell. Red Jacket's village,
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INDIAN NAMES.
where the mission house was. Marshall renders it Tga-is-da-ni- yont, Place of the suspended bell.
Tgah-sgoh-sa-deh, Place of the falls. Falls above. Upper Ebenezer.
Dyo-nah-da-eeh, Hemlock elevation. Upper Ebenezer village. Tga-des, Long prairie. Meadows above the last.
De-dyo-na-wa'h, The ripple, Middle Ebenezar village. On-on-dah-ge-gah-geh, Place of the Onondagas. A former village of that nation, west of Lower Ebenezer.
Kan-hai-ta-neck-ge, Place of many streams. The same place, as given by David and interpreted by Albert Cusick. This was occupied by the Onondagas a hundred years ago.
Sha-ga-nah gah-yeh, Place of the Stockbridges, east of the last.
De-as-gwah-da-ga-neh, Lamper el place. Lancaster village, after a person who lived there.
Ga-squen-da-geh, Place of the lizard. This is the same name, and Morgan gives it for the same place. It may refer to one of Cusick's stories.
De-ych-ho-ga-da-ses, The oblique ford. Old ford at the Iron bridge.
Tga-non-da-ga-yos-hah, Old village. Site of the first Seneca village on Buffalo creek, on Twichell's flats. They had no vil- lages west of the Genesee valley for a long time after the Erie war.
Ni-dyio-nyah-a-ah, Narrow point. Farmer's Brother, Point. This chief was a noted orator of recent times.
Yo-da-nyuh-gwah, A fishing place with hook and line. Beach above Black Rock.
Tga-si-ya-deh, Rope ferry. Old ferry over Buffalo creek.
Tga-no-so-doh, Place of houses. An old village in the forks of Smoke's creek.
Dy-os-hoh, Sulphur spring, which is the present namne.
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INDIAN NAMES.
He-yont-gat-hwat-hah, Picturesque place. Cazenovia bluff.
Gah-da-ya-deh, Place of misery. Williamsville, in allusion to the bleak and open meadows. An old chief, however, referred it to the open sky, where the trail crossed the creek.
Ga-sko-sa-da-ne-o, Many falls, is another name for this place. Ga-we-not, Great island, is an early name for Grand island, but Morgan gives Ga-weh-no-geh, On the island.
O-gah-gwah-geh, Home of the sunfish. Mouth of Cornelius creek. The Indian name is from a negro who lived here at an early day, and whom they called the sunfish, because of a red spot in one of his eyes. He married among them, and became influential, leaving many descendants.
Ken-jock-e-ty creek, Beyond the multitude, called after the son of a Kah-kwah. He lived to a great age, and was an influential chief. More exactly the name is Sga-dyuh-gwa-dih, and this illustrates the frequent changes of names in our use of them, but this has been written in several other ways.
Ga-noh-gwaht-geh. Wild grass of a particular kind, is another name for the same stream.
De-o-steh-ga-a, A rocky shore, is that at Black Rock, so called from the outcrop of dark corniferous limestone.
Te-car-na-ga-ge, Black water. Two Sisters' creek.
Ga-da-o-ya-deh, Level heavens. Ellicott creek.
Pon-ti-ac, the name of the celebrated western chief, has been introduced as the name of a post-office.
Dyos-da-o-dah, Rocky island, was the name of Bird island, but the stone of which it was composed has been removed and util- Ized.
Dyo-e-oh-gwes, Tall grass, or flag island. Rattlesnake island. Dyu-ne-ga-nooh, Cold water. Cold Spring.
De-dyo-we-no-guh-do, Divided island. Squaw island, so called from being crossed by a marshy creek.
Marshall uses more letters in his spelling than seems necessary,
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INDIAN NAMES.
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and Morgan's is far simpler, though not so exact in inflections. The hardening of some sounds will be observed in comparison with words among the eastern Iroquois, though Morgan gener- ally followed the Seneca pronunciation.
ESSEX COUNTY.
Ka-ya-dos-se-ras, a tract long in dispute about and north of Saratoga. It will be referred to again.
Ad-ir-on-dacks, Tree eaters. The present Onondaga name, with the same meaning, is Ha-te-en-tox.
Ti-con-de-ro-ga has a bewildering variety of forms. Morgan gives it as Je-hone-ta-lo-ga, Noisy. It has also been rendered Tsi-non-dro-sie and Che-non-de-ro-ga, with the meaning of brawl- ing waters. The French called it Carillon from the bell-like sound of the falls, and they also called it Ti-on-di-on-do-guin in 1744, applying the name to Lake Champlain. On the map of the land grants it is called. "R. Tyconderoge, or tale of the Lake." It does not seem, in early sound. essentially different from Tionondorage, or Teondeloga, the early name of the village near Fort Hunter.
Hunck-sook, Where every one fights, has been given as a Mo hegan name for the same place.
Lake Champlain has naturally many names. One of the present ones is O-ne-a-da-lote. Another earlier name was Can- i .a-de-ri Gua-run-te, the first word meaning lake.
Teck-ya-dough Ni-gar-i-ge, was applied to the narrows be- tween Crown Point and Ticonderoga.
Ro-tsi-ich-ni, Coward spirit, is another name, more recent which is given to the lake, referring to an evil spirit who is said to have lived and died on one of its islands.
Ro-ge-o was another rather early name for the lake, after the Mohawk chief, Rogeo, who was drowned at Split Rock. The rock was also called after him, and marked the north-east corner
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INDIAN NAMES.
of the Mohawk territory. It was sometimes called Re-gi-ogh-ne and the point on the east shore by the same name. The Mohawks had a legend that an old Indian lived under this rock, who re- ceived offerings and controlled the winds and waves. Corlaer made fun of this story and was drowned, leaving the Indians to warn all scoffers by his fate.
Cough-sa-gra-ge has been given as Dismal Wilderness, and Coux-sa-chra-ga, which is the same, as Their hunting grounds. Both relate to the wilderness of New York in general, and Albert Cusick thought them a form of Mohawk, having reference to a child. It would seem, however, that the word might be derived from Kogh-se-rage, Winter, from the coolness of the mountain tract.
Ju-to-west-hah, Hunting place, is the present Onondaga nanie for the whole wilderness, as received by me.
Ag-an-us chi-on has been rendered Blach mountain range, and applied to the Adirondacks, but it seems to be the old name which the Iroquois gave to their country, and which means a long house.
Kas-kong-sha-di, Broken water, is a rift of the Opalescent river.
Skagh-ne-tagh-ro-wah-na, Largest lakes. This has been given as the name from which Schroon lake was derived, and it was interpreted for me as The lake itself is large. Some think it de- rived from the French. Sknoon-a-pus has also been given as a name for this lake.
Skon-o-wah-co. Schroon river.
She-gwi-en-daw-kwe, or Gwi-en-dau-qua, Hanging spear, are the same names for the falls of the Opalescent river.
Pa-pa-guan-e-tuck, River of cranberries. Au Sable river.
San-da-no-na mountain has been thought a corruption of St. Anthony, but no reasons have been given for this opinion. The interpretation I received was Big mountain.
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INDIAN NAMES.
Ir-o-quois and Al-gon-quin are names recently applied to two mountains. The latter is usually translated Lake, and the for- mer will be defined on a later page.
Pit-tow-ba-gonk is a little known name for Lake Champlain, probably given by recent hunters.
Ou-no-war-lah, Scalp mountain.
Ta-ha-wus, He splits the sky. Mt. Marcy. The post office is Ta-ha-wes.
Me-tauk, Enchanted wood. Adirondack Pass.
Wa-ho-par-te-nie. White face mountain. I believe the name of The-a-no-guen has been recently given to this, and it is much better, as meaning White Head, and being the name of Old Hendrick, the noted Mohawk chief, who lived to a great age, and was killed at the battle of Lake George in 1755. He was so called from the remarkable whiteness of his scalp. The French spelling was The-ya-no-guen, etc. In the account of his condolence at Canajoharie it is Ti-ya-no-ga. On the deed of the beaver lands in 1701, his name is Te-o-ni-a-hi-ga-ra-we.
FRANKLIN COUNTY.
To-na-wa-deh, Swift water, or rapids, is the Racket or Rac- quette river, which has its common name from the French term for the Indian snow-shoes. The name of Ni-ha-na wa.te. Rapid river, is but a slight variation of the first. In Masta-qua, Lar- gest river, we have an Algonquin name.
Tsi-tri-as-ten-ron-we, Natural dam, is applied to the lower falls of this river.
Ou-lus-ka Pass was interpreted for me as Marching through grass and burrs.
Ou-kor-lah, Big eye. Mt. Seward. I received the definition of Its eye.
Am-per-sand pond and mountain.
Kar-is-tan-tee, an island near St. Regis, and in the St. Law-
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INDIAN NAMES.I
rence, off the mouth of Salmon river, is so called after an Indian banished there by his tribe.
Kil-lo-quaw, With rays, like the sun. Ragged lake.
Win-ne-ba-go pond, Stinking water. A western name.
Con-gam-muck, Lower Saranac lake.
Pat-tou-gam-muck, Middle Saranac lake.
Sin-ha-lo-nee-in-ne-pus, Large and beautiful lake. Upper Sar- anac lake.
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