USA > New York > Erie County > Our county and its people : a descriptive work on Erie County, New York, Volume I > Part 67
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Received by Lake Transportation'
YEAR.
Lumber, feet.
Lath, pieces.
Shingles, pieces.
Shipped by Canal. Lumber, feet.
1873
104,909,000
1,258,000
1,112,000
80,273,285
1874
144,754,000
1,506,000
10,822,000
115,752,111
1875
155,384,805
5,559,200
13,088,500
120,650,792
1876
207,728,327
6,137,700
18,907,500
165,545,742
1877
221,897,007
5,126,000
23,249,400
188,400,335
1878
206,655,122
3,629,300
21,435,500
173,085,467
1879
250,699,013
5,606,400
30,122,000
206,442,542
1880
323,370,814
1,249,600
22,920,000
291,000,000
1881
415,070,913
282,000
24,271,000
328,886,395
1882
433,241,000
419,000
38,312,000
326,800,681
1883
398,871,853
6,061,850
55,217,000
324,528,266
1884
493,268.223
16,367,000
66,185,000
384,455,535
1885
498,631,000
7,952,000
52,004,000
355,230,391
1886
505,425,400
11,883,000
52,825,000
347,932,845
1887
501,237,000
4,096,000
53,435,000
341,925,473
1888
569,522,850
16,617,000
64,903,000
320,149,453
1889
676,017,200
11,506,000
68,712,000
350,220,300
1890
718,650,000
13,039,600
52,232,300
373,569,621
1891
505,512,000
8,209,800
52,561,000
293,211,900
1892
498,000,000
6,243,245
42,809,300
286,329,307
1893
430,248,922
13,232,600
25,257,400
216,116,532
1894
406,907,136
8,495,450
31,468,700
202,110,990
1895
421,372.458
8,547,050
41,310,650
195,886,000
1896
469,246,500
7,195,350
35,823,200
185,580,352
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599
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS.
Among the prominent lumber dealers of Tonawanda were:
P. W. Scribner, who located here in the year 1814; Goodinger & Bellinger, who commenced trade in 1878 and in 1882 were succeeded by Fassett & Bellinger; the Eastern Lumber Company, incorporated May, 1886, with a capital of $300,000; Scanlon, Bush & Co. rafters; and J. S. Thompson, Lockman & Woods, Peter Misner, J. A. Bliss, R. J. Wilder, Romer & Vielhauer, R. E. Fowler, M. E. Hewitt and James Woods. Some of these also operated shingle and planing mills.
In 1888 a project for the improvement of Tonawanda harbor was adopted, and since then about $300,000 have been expended in dredg- ing, etc. Although the work is not completed, yet the harbor will now float almost any vessel on the lakes.
On January 7, 1854, the village was incorporated with the name Tonawanda and with four wards, one of which was on the north side of the creek. The first officers were:
John R. Wheeler, president; Theron W. Woolson, Henry Hill, Jesse F. Locke and Henry P. Smith, trustees; Elijah Cooley, Gideon Hulbert and Thomas J. Keith, assessors; Franklin T. McCuller, clerk; Hiram Newell, treasurer; William Hay, col- lector; Levi Waite, poundmaster.
In 1857 North Tonawanda withdrew from the corporation, and since then Tonawanda has remained a separate village. The population in 1870 was 2,125; in 1880, 3,864; and in 1890, 7,145. A brick school house was erected on Adam street in 1844; in 1870 a Union free school building was built on Clinton street; this was burned December 26, 1896; and in 1897 a new structure, to cost about $65,000, was com- menced. The Delaware street school was built in 1893, as was also that on Murray street. Besides the village has schools on Douglas, Grove and Young streets. In 1892 the system was placed in charge of a school superintendent.
The Wyckoff water pipe works were started in 1857 by I. S. Hobbie, who was succeeded by Hobbie, Ayrault & Co., Ayrault, Carlton & Co., and, in 1866, Ayrault Brothers & Co. A brick yard was established by Edward Hall in 1870 and another by William Simson in 1880; both have been abandoned. Martin Riesterer & Son started one in August, 1891. In 1867 George Zent started a brewery, which was sold in Feb- ruary, 1883, to the Niagara River Brewing Company. Sommer, Schaefer & Co., in 1873, started a cider, vinegar and yeast works, which they en- larged in 1887; the plant was burned in September of that year and re- built, covering an entire block, and is one of the largest of the kind in the country. In 1883 William M. Gillie built a machine shop and foundry, and later J. Boardman fitted up another. Among the boat
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600
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
builders were A. B. Williams, I. M. Rose, Henry Whitefield, J. M. Annis and Thomas Mulhall. Charles G. Martin started a blacksmith and wagon shop in 1864; other mechanics in this line were Elijah Day, Hubert Schmitz, George P. Gillie, C. O. Perrine, J. S. Kearn and Peter Dahl. John Mahar has an engine and boiler manufatory and Thornton & Chester a flouring mill. Foundries were formerly operated ,by T. E. Webb and S. A. Van Brocklin.
The Tonawanda Board of Trade was organized by the citizens of both villages on February 23, 1884, and for several years exerted much use- fulness in advancing the commercial interests. The Tonawanda Lum- bermen's Association has long carried out a worthy work in connection with the lumber trade.
Besides the stores of Urial Driggs and Joseph Bush there was one opened by Selden G. Johnson in 1848; other merchants in Tonawanda were the following :
William Kibler, James A. Pinner, Joseph Powell, Christopher Schwinger, Louis F. Green, Simon J. Locke, Sherman & Campbell, O. H. Gorton, Lyman G. Stanley, Chales H. Scoville, Christian Diedrich, Nice & Hickey, A. H. Crown, Joseph Wolf & Son, Christian Miller, William H. Hepworth, A. L. Karner, L. Silverstone, J. H. Kohler, James B. Huff, William Dick, Fred Hamp, William Hardleben & Co., H. B. Koenig & Co., John Maul, Zuckmaier Brothers, J. Lang, Gustav Freitag, Pfanner Brothers, Adolph Luther, Mrs. R. M. Coshway, John G. Hubman, E. H. Hewitt, Dr. W. D. Murray, M. C. Betts, George D. Lawson, William W. Parker, J. H. Risins, Andrew Ultsch, Henry Diedrich.
John T. Bush became a lawyer in Tonawanda in 1836 and his brother, William T. Bush, in 1837. Later lawyers were:
W. W. Thayer, D. H. Long, George Wing, Willis J. Benedict, Elias Root, F. L. Clark, William B. Simson, Charles W. Sickman, John K. Patton, Dow Vroman, Glen G. Dudley, Charles S. Orton, William J. Rogers.
The first resident physician was Dr. Jesse F. Locke, who came about 1838; following him were:
Drs. Frederick F. Hoyer, Ware, Gail, Leonard, Dieffenbach, W. D. Murray, H. B. Murray, Simson Cook, C. Rollin Cobb, R. C. Taber, Duncan Sinclair, John T. Harris, J. R. Simson and H. M. Edmonds.
The first newspaper was the Tonawanda Commercial, which was started May 2, 1850, by S. Hoyt; it lived about one year, and was fol- lowed in September, 1853, by the Niagara River Pilot with S. S. Pack- ard as editor; he was succeeded in 1855 by Stephen O. Hayward, who in November, 1860, started the Niagara Frontier. This was finally discontinued, and in 1871 Mr. Hayward commenced the Tonawanda Enterprise. The Index was started in 1875 by J. A. L. Fisher, and in
601
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS.
April, 1880, passed to George S. Hobbie, who changed it to the Daily News; this and the Herald, started in July, 1875, is now published in North Tonawanda. In 1888 A. E. Bishop established the Tonawandan, which was sold to C. H. Drew, who changed the name to the Tona- wanda Press; in 1890 it passed to Frank L. Lane and in 1891 was ab- sorbed by the News. The North Tonawanda papers now cover this village.
Little was done in the banking line until June 1, 1872, when Edward Evans established a private bank, which passed to Evans, Schwinger & Co. on May 1, 1877. This was succeeded by the State Bank of Tona- wanda, which was organized May 1, 1883, with a capital of $100,000, and with James H. De Graff, president; Edward Evans, vice-president; Benjamin L. Rand, cashier. The German American Bank commenced business August 6, 1888, with a capital of $35,000, which was increased in June, 1889, to $100,000, and in January, 1891, to $200,000. The founder of this bank was Martin Riesterer. The First National Bank was organized March 27, 1893, with a capital of $100,000, and with George F. Rand, president; Alexander C. Campbell, vice-president, and Henry P. Smith, cashier.
The Tonawanda Gas Light Company, incorporated September 29, 1884, with a capital of $60,000, supplies both places. An electric light system was inaugurated by the Tonawanda and Wheatfield Electric Light Company in 1890. An excellent sewerage system was constructed in 1890-91, and since then several streets have been paved. The Tona- wanda City Water Works Company, which was incorporated with a capital of $50,000 in 1885, established a plant in both villages, and in 1894 sold out to the present city of North Tonawanda. A new armory was erected in Tonawanda for the 25th Separate Company, N. G. N. Y., and formally opened February 22, 1897.
Methodism in Tonawanda dates from 1816, when John Foster preached the first sermon at the house of Robert Simson. In 1830 A. H. Tracy donated a lot on South Canal street on which a union church was built. In 1842 a society was organized in North Tonawanda. St. Francis Roman Catholic church was founded in 1850 by Rev. Francis Uhlrich, who, in 1862, caused the erection of a stone edifice. A paro- chial school house was built in 1883. The First Presbyterian church was organized May 29, 1852, and erected a brick edifice adjoining the park. The Church of Christ (Disciples) was organized March 27, 1853; their edifice was built in 1855 and remodeled in 1882. The First Free
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602
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
Methodist church was formed in 1860, with fifteen members, and a building erected in 1887. Salem German United Evangelical Protestant church, organized about 1855, built its first edifice in 1857; its present church was completed in 1889; a school house was erected in 1884. This is the largest religious body in town, having upwards of 250 fami- lies. The German Immanuel Lutheran church was built in 1869; this was converted into a school house and a new church was erected in 1878. The Evangelical Association congregation, organized in 1869, built an edifice in 1873. The German Baptist church was formed in December, 1872, and erected a building in 1875-76.
Kenmore is a residence suburb of Buffalo lying just north of the city line in Tonawanda. It contains a park, several fine streets and a num- ber of handsome dwellings, and is connected with Buffalo and Tona- wanda with electric cars. St. Paul's Roman Catholic church was com- menced in 1897.
In the town there are also Laing's Park, Oakland Homestead, Fair- mount, etc., all of which are platted and designed as residence sub- urbs.
TOWN OF WALES.
The town of Wales was formed from the territory of Willink on April 15, 1818, comprising township 9, range 5, of the Holland Company sur- vey, with nominal jurisdiction over the Indian lands opposite that town- ship to the center of the Buffalo Creek Reservation. The town has an area of thirty-six square miles, or 22,600 acres. It is situated on the east line of Erie county, with Aurora on the west, Holland on the south and Marilla on the north. The central branch of the Buffalo Creek (com- monly called Big Buffalo Creek) flows northwesterly across the town. Hunter's Creek flows northerly nearly across the town and empties into Buffalo Creek. Cazenove Creek flows across the southwest corner. The Big Buffalo Creek is bordered by a broad and fertile valley, while a narrower one extends along Hunter's Creek. The greater part of the remainder of the town is high land with gravelly and clayey soil.
The territory of Wales received its first settlers in 1806 in the per- sons of William and Ethan Allen, Amos Clark and William Hoyt. In 1807 Jacob Turner, Nathan Moon and Charles and Alexander Mckay came in. In 1808 Ebenezer and John Holmes, brothers, set- tled on Holmes Hill, where their descendants are still found. Silas Hunter also settled in the town in that year. In 1809 Peleg Havens, Welcome Moore and Isaac Reed were among the newcomers. James
603
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS.
Wood settled in Wood's Hollow (or Wales Hollow, now Wales village), and Samuel Searls settled where the widow of Thomas Hill now re- sides.
In 1810 Jacob Turner built the first frame house. Alvin Burt, Will- iam A. Burt (his son) and Benjamin Earl were in the town as early as 1810. Isaac Hall settled in 1811 at Hall's Hollow, and with his brother Eli built mills that year, and in the next year built a tavern. Varnum Kenyon, William Carpenter, Nathan M. Mann, Lyman Blackmar and Eli Weed, jr., came in about the same time, the latter locating on Weed's Hill, where his descendants still live.
Dr. Ira G. Watson settled in 1812 a little north of South Wales and in the same year William Burt opened the first store. John Russell bought a large tract of land in 1813 in the southwest part, on the site of South Wales. In 1815 he sold a part to Aaron Warner; Henry Mon- roe was another purchaser from him. In 1816 Mr. Warner built the Osborn House, which is still standing but not in use as a public house. In 1815 John Cole settled where Lyman Wood lives, and in 1817 Isaac Wightman became a resident. Ira Hall settled in the town in 1818 and established a tannery and shoe shop near his brother's mills. Ste- phen Patch and his three sons also settled that year. Jacob Turner built a grist mill before 1818 at Wood's Hollow. Distilleries were numer- ous in early years, seven being at one time in operation on Buffalo Creek within this town. Other early and prominent settlers were John Cadugan, Frank N. Smith, Thomas Hill, Harry A. Stevens, Chandler Barber, Charles N. Brayton, Orlo Grover, Joseph Charles, James Chal- mers, Elias Dimond, Harding W. Hall, Martin J. and George Keem, S. R. Hall, Samuel Gail, J. W. Waters, Welcome Moore, E. D. Nor- ton, Thomas Stokes, Dennis Sullivan and John Weaver.
The first post-office in this town was opened in 1821 with the name Wales; it was in the store of William A. Burt at Hall's Hollow (now Wales Center). A few years later when James Wood was made post- master, he took the office to Wood's Hollow (now Wales). Another office was established in 1826 at South Wales.
A hotel was built in 1835 a mile west of Hall's Hollow. This has been known as the old Pochel tavern and is still kept open. Mortimer Stevens had a small store near the hotel and in 1843 obtained a post- office there called Wales Center, in which he was the first postmaster; it was removed to Hall's Hollow in 1850.
Numerous saw mills were built in early years along the streams, but
604
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
most of them have disappeared with the forest. There is one in oper- ation at South Wales, and one at Wales Center, with a few portable mills. The character of the agricultural products has changed in com- paratively recent years. Grain growing has largely given place to cheese and butter making. A cheese factory is in operation at Wales and one at South Wales. There is also a butter factory at Wales Cen- ter and the dairy products of the town have an excellent reputation.
Wales Center .- This a small village situated in the northern part of the town. Besides the saw and grist mills here, which are still in existence, a carding mill was built about 1816 and an early distillery, both of which have disappeared. Among the merchants of the past were Jonathan Hall (about 1830), Ethan Allen (1852), Almon Klapp Turner Fuller (about 1844), Stafford Pike, Silas Wright Searls, El- bridge Kent (since 1870), Willard Stevens (1850-60), Benjamin F. Pollard and Eugene Norton.
The hotel of the village was built in 1816 by Isaac Hall and passed through several ownerships to Michael Myers; it was burned in 1882, and rebuit by Mr. Myers; it is now owned by his widow.
The first physician was Dr. Gilbert McBeth, who settled here in 1842; Dr. John McBeth, his brother, came in 1843, and is still a resi- dent, but retired from practice. Other physicians have been Drs. Asa Warren, William Miller, Bradley Goodyear, Gilbert Bridgeman, Charles Hill, J. G. Rowe, M. B. Searls (now of Aurora). There are now in the place three general stores, a hotel, a creamery, and saw and grist mill.
A Baptist church was organized about sixty years ago, and an M. E. church a little earlier. Services were held in school houses and private dwellings until 1846 when a church was erected in which both denomi- nations worshiped.
Wales Village .- This village, situated in the eastern part of the town, has been known as Wood's Hollow and as Wales Hollow. The early grist mill here was owned by various persons at different periods, and in 1846 was set on fire by Elias Brooks, who was imprisoned for the crime. Oliver Patch built the present inill in 1850; it is not now in operation. Early merchants were Warren & Wood, Stephen and Oliver Patch and John Minkle. There are at present two general stores. Jesse Westcott built the first hotel in 1826; it passed through various hands and is still kept. The first physician was a Dr. Richards, about 1832; he was succeeded by Dr. James Ives.
605
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS.
A Methodist church was organized in 1831 and a house of worship built three years later. A Free Methodist society was organized about 1862.
A Union graded school was inaugurated here in 1896 and a fine two- story frame school house erected that year. It has two departments and two teachers.
South Wales .- This is a small hamlet in the southwest part of the town; it has two general stores. Aaron Warner was the first merchant and kept the first tavern about 1816. There is no hotel in the place at the present time. Past merchants were Clark Warner, Abijah McCall, A. M. Chamberlain, Greenman Smith, Jesse Colby, Lewis L. Butler and William Edwards. Samuel Spooner built a grist mill in 1817-18, and in 1819 Gideon Baker established a tannery; they were on the creek near the Aurora line.
Dr. Ira G. Watson practiced here from 1812 until his death. Other physicians are Dr. Levinus W. Cornwall, A. C. Osborn and his brother, Frank Osborn. A saw mill is in operation here. A Congregational church was organized in 1841 and a house of worship built soon after- wards.
The first town meeting was held in the spring of 1818 at the house of Daniel Rowley, and the following officers elected :
John Cole, supervisor; William A. Burt, town clerk; Charles Blackmar, Henry Morrow and Jared Scott, commissioners of highways; Ethan Allen, Daniel C. Crane and David Hamilton, assessors; Ebenezer Holmes and Jared Scott, poormasters; William Blackmar, collector; William Blackmar and William Hoyt, constables; Ira G. Watson, Timothy Shaw and Calvin Clifford, commissioners of schools; Nathan M. Mann, Isaac Howe and Jesse Durand, inspectors of schools.
The supervisors of Wales, with their years of service, have been as follows:
John Cole, 1818; Ebenezer Holmes, 1819-26; Niles Cole, 1827-29 ; Moses McArthur, 1830-31; Nathan M. Mann, 1832-37; Elon Virgil, 1838-40; Ira G. Watson, 1841; Elon Virgil, 1842; Isaac Brayton, 1843-44; David S. Warner, 1845-47; James Wood, 1848- 51; Charles A. Sill, 1852-53; David S. Warner, 1854; Harry A. Stevens, 1855-56; Comfort Parsons, 1857; Jared Tiffany, 1858-59; John McBeth, 1860-61; A. G. White, 1862; Clark Hudson, 1863-64; Alonzo Havens, 1865-69; Turner Fuller, 1870; Ed- ward Leigh, 1871; Charles N. Brayton, 1872-76; Eugene Norton, 1877-80; Frank Osborn, 1881-82; Sylvester R. Hall, 1883: Martin Keem, 1884; Charles N. Brayton, 1885-91; A. G. White, 1892; L. T. Hill, 1893-94; James Allen, 1895-97.
TOWN OF WEST SENECA.
This town was formed from Cheektowaga and Hamburg on the 16th of October, 1851, with the name Seneca, which was changed in the
606
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
spring of 1852 to West Seneca. It lies wholly within the old Buffalo Creek Indian Reservation, which was not opened to white settlement until 1842, when it was sold to the Ogden Land Company. It is bounded on the north by Buffalo and Cheektowaga, on the east by Elma, on the south by East Hamburg and Hamburg, and on the west by Lake Erie and the city of Buffalo. It contains 17, 564 acres. The soil is generally a gravelly loam. The surface is level or gently undulating, and is drained by Big Buffalo Creek in the northern part, Cazenove Creek in the central part, and Smokes Creek in the southwestern part. The principal industry is farming and the raising of garden truck for the Buffalo market.
The first town clerk was Morgan L. Whitney. The following are the names of the supervisors of West Seneca, with their years of ser- vice :
Levi Ballou, 1852; Erasmus Briggs, 1853-55: Levi Ballou, 1856; Aaron Pierce, 1857-58; John G. Langner, 1859-61; Nelson Reed, 1862; Richard Caldwell, 1863-64; Charles A. James, 1865-66; Aaron Pierce, 1867-70; Nelson Reed, 1871-73; Victor Irr, 1874-76; William A. Pratt, 1877-80; Henry Kirkover, 1881-83; Arnold Pierce, 1884; Ferdinand Kappler, 1885-86; Charles Schoepflin, 1887-97.
The Indians continued to occupy this territory until about 1844, when they all moved to the Cattaraugus and Allegany Reservations. Many of them had good farms, notably George Jimeson, who was lo- cated on Cazenove Creek. Near him was an Indian council house, while another stood near the city line. Thomas Jimeson had a tavern on the Aurora road inside the city limits. For a few years after 1811 Jabez B. Hyde taught school in this town, and about 1826 Reuben Sackett was permitted to build a frame hotel on the East Hamburg road; this was long known as " the old Sackett stand." In 1829 a mis- sion church was erected north of Cazenove Creek, near the city limits, and remained in charge of Rev. Asher Wright until the removal of the Indians. Among other white people who were permitted to reside on or close to the reservation were Artemas Baker, Peter Beal, Joel Decker, Isaac Earl, George Hopper and John Wells.
About 1843 the Ogden Company sold 5,000 acres of land, and soon afterward 2,622 acres more, lying in the northern and central parts of this town and in the western part of Elma, to three agents who came from Germany as representatives of a religious sect called "The Com- munity of Inspiration." Their tract and settlements here were known as "Ebenezer." These immigrants, numbering about 2,000 persons, mostly from Prussia and Hesse, arrived in 1844 aud 1845 and estab-
607
GAZETTEER OF TOWNS.
lished the villages of Lower Ebenezer, Middle Ebenezer and Upper Ebenezer. They also built a saw mill, tannery, grist mill and several houses on Cazenove Creek south of Lower Ebenezer, and a mill and factory on Buffalo Creek, calling the latter place New Ebenezer. The chief of this community was Charles Meyer. Various causes finally led them to seek a home elsewhere, and by 1864 the last member of the community had removed to their new tract in Iowa. Their lands here were mainly purchased by Germans; the mills on Cazenove Creek and sixty acres of land were sold to John Saxe for $10,000; the woolen fac- tory at Middle Ebenezer, now Gardenville, was bought by John Schoepflin & Son, who converted it into an establishment for the man- ufacture of horse powers, cider mills, etc .; the factory at East Eben- ezer was burned. 1
Hotel-keeping seems to have been a leading business in the early history of the town. Besides the tavern of Reuben Sackett there were two or three at the junction of the Aurora and East Hamburg roads, where Jesse Westcott, William T. Deuel and others flourished; one on the Abbott road kept by B. D. Hoag, and another, "The House that Jack Built," erected and kept by Robert I. Jackson.
Among the early settlers of the town were:
Richard Caldwell, Samuel Wasson, Arnold Pierce, Victor Irr, Jacob Dole, George Pierce, Willam P. Stambach, Thomas Scott, William Chase, Peter Logan, A. C. Hoag, James Farthing, John Sutton, W. F. Adams, John Stamp, James Kennedy, John Shuttleworth, Michael Crooker, James Whaley, Samuel Stoddard, John Hoerner, Edward Madden, Andrew Leonard, T. Humphreyville, E. Salisbury, L. Farnham, J. Farnham, Aaron Pierce, G. Cogswell, B. White, Nelson Reed, H. Hoag, I. Hoag, D. Baird, H. Felton, J. Bedford, G. Starkweather, Levi Ballou, Morgan L. Whitney, Ira Deuel, H. Frederich, Dr. F. Jost, Erasmus Briggs, W. Tyrer, C. Stephan, E. Madden, William Schudt, J. Davis, J. King, C. White, J. Wirth, M. Covey, J. Rose, P. Metzger, William T. Deuel, Lewis Steelbinger, John Murbach, Adam Koch, Nicholas Steelwheuer.
The Holy Cross Cemetery, situated near the city line, contains 123 acres, and was opened in 1854; a white granite chapel was erected in 1894.
Gardenville, formerly Middle Ebenezer, is situated on Buffalo Creek, in the north center of the town. The factory of John Schoepfiin & Son is now owned by Charles F. Schoepflin, who also has a furniture factory and a grist mill there. He is also president and manager of the Buffalo, Gardenville and Ebenezer Electric Railroad, which was built
1 A further account of this settlement appears in another chapter.
608
OUR COUNTY AND ITS PEOPLE.
between these points in 1896. Among the merchants, past and present, are:
George P. Trier, Trier & Ferrand, Henri L. Ferrand, Frederick Fritz, William Gorenflo, Philip Snyder, Frederick Kellner, Valentine Leibig and Isaac Gerber. George P. Trier was postmaster here many years; he was followed by Frederick Fritz, Edward Oberdrifter and Charles F. Schoepflin.
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