History of the Ohio falls cities and their counties : with illustrations and bibliographical sketches, Vol. I, Part 1

Author: Williams, L.A., & Co., Cleveland
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: Cleveland, Ohio : L. A. Williams & Co.
Number of Pages: 814

USA > Ohio > History of the Ohio falls cities and their counties : with illustrations and bibliographical sketches, Vol. I > Part 1

Note: The text from this book was generated using artificial intelligence so there may be some errors. The full pages can be found on Archive.org.

THE OHIOFALLS CITIES

THEIR COUNTIES

Joke

2 maks.

Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from The Institute of Museum and Library Services through an Indiana State Library LSTA Grant

http://www.archive.org/details/historyofohiof1285will

1778.

HISTORY OF

THE OHIO FALLS CITIES

AND THEIR COUNTIES,

WITH

ILLUSTRATIONS AND BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES

VOL. I.

CLEVELAND, O .: L. A. WILLIAMS & CO.

1882.

12875

F 40% - 54 H5

PREFATORY NOTE.

The compilers and publishers of this volume acknowledge with thankfulness the invaluable aid and co-operation of many citizens of Louisville and other parts of the country, who have mani- fested the liveliest interest in the enterprise and the friendliest feeling for it. We desire particu- larly to name, as objects of this gratitude, Richard H. Collins, LL. D., the distinguished historian of Kentucky; Colonel R. T. Durrett; Colonel Thomas W. Bullitt; Mr. C. K. Caron, publisher of an almost unrivaled series of City Directories; ex-Governor Charles Anderson, of Kuttawa, Owen county, Kentucky; Miss Annie V. Pollard, librarian of the Polytechnic Society, whose fine collection of books was freely placed at the disposal of our writers; and Mrs. Jennie F. Atwood, of the Louisville Public Library. Obligations of almost equal weight should be acknowledged to many more, too numerous to be named here. Some of them, who have most kindly contributed sections of the work, are mentioned hereafter, in text or foot-notes.

The chief authorities for the annals of the city have necessarily been McMurtrie's Sketches of Louisville, Ben Casseday's little but very well prepared History, Colonel Durrett's newspaper articles, and Dr. Collins's History of Kentucky; though a multitude of volumes, pamphlets, news- paper files, oral traditions, and other sources of information, have been likewise diligently consulted. The Biographical Encyclopedia of Kentucky has furnished large, though by no means exclusive, materials for certain of the chapters. It is hoped that the total result of the immense labor of investigation, compilation, and arrangement, will at least redeem this work from the scope of Horace Walpole's remark, "Read me anything but history, for history must be false;" or the reproach of Napoleon's question, "What is history after all, but a fiction agreed upon?"

CLEVELAND, OHIO, May 24, 1882.

CONTENTS.

HISTORICAL,

GENERAL HISTORY.

PAGE.

VI .- The Fourth Decade 223

I .- The Mound Builder

VII .- The Fifth Decade . 246

II .- The Red Man

VIII .- The Sixth Decade 264

III .- The White Man

IX. - The Seventh Decade 287

IV. - George Rogers Clark

X .- The Eighth Decade

301

V. - The Falls, the Canal and the Bridges

VI. - Roads, Railroads, and Steamers

HISTORY OF JEFFERSON COUNTY, KENTUCKY. CHAPTER. PAGE.

I .- Topography and Geology 65

II .- Civil Organization-Jefferson county

III .- Courts and Court-houses .

XVIII .- Louisville Libraries

421

IV .- Military Record of Jefferson county

XIX. - The Press of Louisville

427

THE HISTORY OF LOUISVILLE.

CHAPTER. PAGE.

I .- The Site of Louisville

153

II .- Before Louisville Was .

157

III .- Louisville's First Decade

175

IV .- The Second Decade

202

V .- The Third Decade .

21I

Appendix

606

BIOGRAPHICAL.

PAGE

Alexander, General E. P.

539

Fridgeford, James . 533

Avery, Benjamin F.

547

Brown, James . 557

Anderson, James, Jr. .

552

Baxter, Ex-mayor John G. 593

Bullitt, Family

157

Campbell, Colonel John 166

Bullitt, Captain .

158

Clark, George Rogers

I68

Butler, Professor Noble

417

Casseday, Samuel

between 252 and 253

Bell, T. S., M. D.

442

Caldwell, William B., M. D. 451

Bodine, Professor James Morrison, M. D.

447

Cheatham, Dr. W. 458

Breyfogle, William L., M. D.

457

Bolling, Dr. W. H.

462

Coomes, Dr. M. F. 461 .

Bullock, William Fontaine

483

Barr, John W.

485

Caldwell, Isaac 496

Bloom, Nathan

4886

Curd, Haiden Trigg

496/

Boone, Squire

4966

Casseday, Samuel

565

Boone, Colonel William P.

Coggeshall, Samuel

571

Boone, Colonel J. Rowan

496e

Danforth, Joseph 566

Bruce, Hon. H. W. .

499

Foree, Erasmus D., M. D.

452

Bullitt, Alexander Scott

504

Fischer, Joseph J. 539

Bullitt, William Christian

505

Guthrie, James 489

337

XIII .- The Incomplete Decade 353

XIV .- The Ancient Suburbs .

3.56

XV .- Religion in Louisville 359

X VI. - The Charities of Louisville 400

XVII .- Public Education in Louisville 408

XX .- The Medical Profession

442

XXI .- Bench and Bar 48 r

XXII .- General Business

518

XXIII .- Societies and Clubs 571

XXIV .- The City Government 576

XXV .- The Civil List of Louisville 597

PAGE.

CHAPTER.

XI .- The Ninth Decade 322

XII .-- The Tenth Decade

Cummins, Dr. David 461

Caldwell, George Alfred 494

496c

CONTENTS.

PAGE

Hewett, R. C., M. D.

4.59

Phelps, James S.

551

Harrison, Major John

497

Prather, Captain Basil

4960

Harbison, Alexander .

569

Quarrier, Archibald A.

544

Jefferson, Hon. Thomas L.

534

Jacob, Charles D.

496q

Robinson, R. A.

561

Kelly, Colonel R. M.

434

Robinson, Rev. Stuart, D. D.

4967z

Kastenbine, L. D., M. D.

456

Short, Charles Wilkins, M. D.

445

Kinkead, Joseph B., Esq.

506

Speed, Hon. James 482

Lithgow, James S.

548

Stites, Judge Henry J.

487

Long, Dennis .

550

Standiford, Hon. E. D.

532

Long, Charles R. .

596

Swagar, Captain Joseph

542

Long, William H., M. D.

496¿

Sherley, Captain Z. M.

496k

Mathews, Joseph McDowell, M. D.

458

Tarascons, The

488a

Morris, Hon. George W.

545

Tilden, Charles

534

Moore, George H.

570

Tyler, Levi

568

Miller, Judge Isaac

4960

Trabue, James

594

Miller, Robert N. .

496p

Veech, R. S.

496g

Miller, Dr. Warwick .

496₺

Verhoeff, H. Jr.

567

Norton, Rev. Dr. J. N.

393

Wilson, Hon. W. S.

435

Newcomb, H. Victor

54I

Ward, Hon. R. J.

563

Prentice, George D.

437

Yandell, Dr. L. P. Sr.

449

Pirtle, Judge Henry

491

Yandell, Dr. L. P. Jr.

462

Pope, Worden

501

Scott, Preston Brown, A. M., M. D. 455

Kincaid, Hon. C. E.

541

Reynolds, Professor Dudley Sharpe M. D. 453

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE.

Portrait of General George Rogers Clark

facing 36

Portrait of Dr. L. P. Yandell, Jr.

facing 462

Portrait of General Zachary Taylor

facing 92

Portrait of Dr. John Goodman facing 465

Portrait of Colonel W. P. Boone

facing 110

Portrait of Dr. W. H. Long facing 480

Lithograph letter of Daniel Boone .

facing 153

Portrait of Hon. James Speed facing 482

Portrait of William C. Bullitt .

facing 157

Portrait of John W. Barr facing 485

Portrait of Levi Tyler

facing 161

Portrait of Judge Henry J. Stites . facing 487

Portrait of Hon. James Harrison

facing 210

Portrait of Colonel George Alfred Caldwell

facing 494

Portrait of John J. Audubon

facing 221

Portrait of Isaac Caldwell .

facing 496

Portrait of Louis Tarascon

facing 248

Portrait of Colonel J. Rowan Boone

facing 496e .

Portrait of James Guthrie .

facing 249

Portrait of R. S. Veech

facing 496g

Portrait of Samuel Casseday

facing 252

Portrait of Hon. H. W. Bruce .

facing 499

Portrait of Judge Henry Pirtle

facing 256

Portrait of Hamilton Pope .

facing 501

Portrait of James Anderson, Jr.

facing 257

Portrait of Joseph B. Kinkead .

facing 506

Portrait of W. F. Bullock .

facing 260

View of Main Street, Louisville

facing 518

Portrait of George D. Prentice

facing 264

Portrait of John Barbee

facing 521

Portrait of Robert J. Ward

facing 277

Portrait of J. M. Atherton .

facing 525

Portrait of James Bridgeford

facing 296

Portrait of N. Bloom .

facing 528

Portrait of Z. M. Sherley .

facing 304

Portrait of Hon. E. D. Standiford . facing 532

Portrait of Charles Tilden

facing 534

Portrait of Thomas L. Jefferson

facing 536

Portrait of General E. P. Alexander

facing 539

Portrait of Rev. Dr. Stuart Robinson

facing 381

Portrait of H. Victor Newcomb

facing 54I

Portrait of Rev. Dr. J. N. Norton

facing 393

Portrait of Captain Joseph Swagar

facing 542

Portrait of Prof. Noble Butler

facing 417

Portrait of A. A. Quarrier .

facing 544

Portrait of W. N. Haldeman .

facing 429

Portrait of Hon. George W. Morris

facing 545

Portrait of R. M. Kelly

facing 432

Portrait of B. F. Avery

facing 547

Portrait of Hon. W. S. Wilson

facing 435 .

Portrait of J. T. Gathright

between 548 and 549 between 548 and 549

Portrait of R. C. Hewitt

between 444 and 445

Portrait of Dennis Long facing 550

Portrait of W. H. Bolling .

between 444 and 445

Portrait of James S. Phelps

facing 552

Portrait of Dr. J. M. Bodine

facing 447

Portrait of James Brown

facing 557

Portrait of Dr. L. P. Yandell, Sr. .

facing 449

Portrait of R. A. Robinson

facing 561

Portrait of William B. Caldwell

facing 451

Portrait of Joseph Danforth facing 566

Portrait of Dr. Erasmus D. Foree .

facing 452

Portrait of H. Verhoeff

facing 568

Portrait of Dr. Dudley S. Reynolds

facing 453

Portrait of Alexander Harbison facing 569

facing 570

Portrait of L. D. Kastenbine, M. D.

facing 456

Portrait of Samuel Coggeshall . .

facing 57I

Portrait of Dr. W. L. Breyfogle

between 458 and 459

Portrait of Charles D. Jacob

facing 576

Portrait of Joseph M. Mathews, M. D. between 458 and 459

Portrait of John G. Baxter . facing 593

Portrait of Dr. M. F. Coomes .

Portrait of Dr. David Cummins .

between 460 and 461 between 460 and 461

Portrait of Charles R. Long

facing 596

Portrait of James Trabne Portrait of H. T. Curd Portrait of J. S. Lithgow

between 312 and 313

. facing 320

Portrait of Dr. T. S. Bell .

facing 442

Portrait of Thomas L. Barret

Portrait of Dr. P. B. Scott .

facing 455

Portrait of George H. Moore

facing 457

Portrait of W. W. Hulings facing 572

Portrait of Dr. W. Cheatham .

HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.

CHAPTER I. THE MOUND BUILDER.

The American Aborigine-The Primitive Dweller at the Falls-The Toltecs-The Mound Builders' Empire-Their Works-Enclosures for Defense-Sacred Enclosures-Mis- cellaneous Enclosures-Mounds of Sacrifice-Temple Mounds-Burial Mounds-Signal Mounds-Effigy or Ani- mal Mounds-Garden Beds-Mines-Contents of the Mounds-The Mound Builders' Civilization-The Build- ers about the Falls-Curious Relics Found.

THE AMERICAN ABORIGINE.

The red men whom Columbus found upon this continent, and whom he mistakenly calls Indians, were not its aborigines. Before them were the strange, mysterious people of the mounds, who left no literature, no inscriptions as yet decipherable, if any indeed, no monu- ments except the long-forest-covered earth- and stone-works. No traditions of them, by com- mon consent of all the tribes, were left to the North American Indian. As a race, they have vanished utterly in the darkness of the past. But the comparatively slight traces they have left tend to conclusions of deep interest and im- portance, not only highly probable, but rapidly approaching certainty. Correspondences in the manufacture of pottery and in the rude sculp- tures found, the common use of the serpent- symbol, the likelihood that all were sun-worship- ers and practiced the horrid rite of human sacrifice, and the tokens of commercial inter- course manifest by the presence of Mexican por- phyry and obsidian in the Ohio Valley mounds, together with certain statements of the Mexican annalists, satisfactorily demonstrate, in the judg. ment of many antiquaries, the racial alliance, if not the identity, of our Mound Builders with the ancient Mexicans, whose descendants, with their remarkable civilization, were found in the coun-

try when Cortes entered it in the second decade of the sixteenth century.

The migrations of the Toltecs, one of the Mexican tribes, from parts of the territory now covered by the United States, are believed to have reached through about a thousand years. Apart from the exile of the princes and their allies, and very likely an exodus now and then compelled by their enemies and ultimate con- querors, the Chichimecs, who at last followed them to Mexico, the Mound Builders were un- doubtedly, in the course of the ages, pressed upon, and finally the last of them-unless the Natchez and Mandan tribes, as some suppose, are to be considered connecting links between the Toltecs and the American Indians-driven out by the red men. The usual opening of the gateways in their works of defense, looking to the east and northeastward, indicates the direc- tion from which their enemies were expected. They were, not improbably, the terrible Iroquois and their allies, the first really formidable In- dians encountered by the French discoverers and explorers in "New France" in the seven- teenth century. A silence as of the grave is upon the history of their wars, doubtless long and bloody, the savages meeting with skilled and determined resistance, but their ferocious and repeated attacks, continued, mayhap, through several centuries, at last expelling the more civi- lized people-

"And the Mound Builders vanished from the earth,"

unless, indeed, as the works of learned antiqua- ries assume and as is assumed above, they after- wards appear in the Mexican story. Many of the remains of the defensive works at the South and across the land toward Mexico are of an un- finished type and pretty plainly indicate that the retreat of the Mound Builders was in that direc-

HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.

tion, and that it was hastened by the renewed onslaughts of their fierce pursuers or by the dis- covery of a fair and distant land, to which they determined to emigrate in the hope of secure and untroubled homes. Professor Short, how- ever, in his North Americans of Antiquity, arguing from the lesser age of trees found upon the Southern works, is "led to think the Gulf coast may have been occupied by the Mound Builders for a couple of centuries after they were driven by their enemies from the country north of the mouths of the Missouri and Ohio rivers." He believes two thousand years is time enough to allow for their total occupation of the country north of the Gulf of Mexico, "though after all it is but conjecture." He adds : "It seems to us, however, that the time of abandonment of their works may be more closely approximated. A thousand or two years may have elapsed since they vacated the Ohio valley, and a period em- bracing seven or eight centuries may have passed since they retired from the Gulf coast." The date to which the latter period carries us back, approximates somewhat closely to that fixed by the Mexican annalists as the time of the last emigration of a people of Nahuan stock from the northward.

THE MOUND BUILDERS' EMPIRE.

Here we base upon firmer ground. The ex- tent and something of the character of this are known. They are tangible and practical reali- ties. We stand upon the mounds, pace off the long lines of the enclosures, collect and handle and muse upon the long-buried relics now in our public and private museums. The domain of the Mound Builders was well-nigh coterminous with that of the Great Republic. Few States of the Union are wholly without the ancient monu- ments. Singular to say, however, in view of the huge heaps. and barrows of shells left by the aboriginal man along the Atlantic shore, there are no earth or stone mounds or enclosures of the older construction on that coast.

Says Professor Short :

No authentic remains of the Mound Builders are found in the New England States. In the former we have an isolated mound in the valley of the Kennebec, in Maine, and dim outlines of enclosures near Sanhorn and Con- cord, in New Hampshire; but there is no certainty of their being the work of this people. .

. Mr. Squier pronounces them to be purely the work of Red Indians.

Colonel Whittlesey would assign these fort-

like structures, the enclosures of Western New York, and com- mon upon the rivers discharging themselves into Lakes Erie and Ontario from the south, differing from the more southern enclosures, in that they were surrounded by trenches on their outside, while the latter uniformly have the trench on the in- side of the enclosure, to a people anterior to the red Indian and perhaps contemporaneons with the Mound Builders, but distinct from either. The more reasonable view is that of Dr. Foster, that they are the frontier works of the Mound Builders, adapted to the purposes of defense against the sud- den irruptions of hostile tribes. It is . probable that these defenses belong to the last period of the Mound Builders' residence on the lakes, and were erected when the more warlike peoples of the North, who drove them from their cities, first made their appearance.

The Builders quarried flint in various places, soapstone in Rhode Island and North Carolina, and in the latter State also the translucent mica found so widely dispersed in their burial mounds in association with the bones of the dead. They mined or made salt, and in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan they got out, with infinite labor, the copper, which was doubtless their most useful and valued metal. The Lower Peninsula of that State is rich in ancient remains, particularly in mounds of sepulture; and there are "garden beds" in the valleys of the St. Joseph and the Kalamazoo, in Southwestern Michigan; but “ex- cepting ancient copper mines, no known works extend as far north as Lake Superior anywhere in the central region. Farther to the northwest, however, the works of the same people are com- paratively numerous. Dr. Foster quotes a Brit- ish Columbia newspaper, without giving either name or date, as authority for the discovery of a large number of mounds, seemingly the works of the same people who built further east and south. On the Butte prairies of Oregon, Wilkes and his exploring expedition discovered thousands of similar mounds." We condense further from Short :

All the way up the Yellowstone region and on the upper tributaries of the Missouri, mounds are found in profusion. - The Missouri valley seems to have been one of the most populous branches of the widespread Mound Builder country. The valleys of its affluents, the Platte and Kansas rivers, also furnish evidence that these streams served as the channels into which flowed a part of the tide of popula- tion which either descended or ascended the Missouri. The Mississippi and Ohio river valleys, however, formed the great central arteries of the Mound Builder domain. In Wiscon- sin we find the northern central limit of their works; occa- sionally, on the western shores of Lake Michigan, but in great numbers in the southern counties of the State, and especially on the lower Wisconsin river.

The remarkable similarity of one group of works, on a branch of Rock river in the south of

HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.

that State, to some of the Mexican antiquities led to the christening of the adjacent village as Aztalan-which (or Aztlan), meaning whiteness, was a name of the " most attractive land" some- where north of Mexico and the sometime home of the Aztec and the other Nahuan nations. If rightly conjectured as the Mississippi valley, or some part of it, that country may well have in- cluded the site of the modern Aztalan.

Across the Mississippi, in Minnesota and Iowa, the pre- dominant type of circular tumuli prevails, extending through- out the latter State to Missouri. There are evidences that the Upper Missouri region was connected with that of the Upper Mississippi by settlements occupying the intervening country. Mounds are often found even in the valley of the Red river of the North. Descending to the interior, we find the heart of the Mound Builder country in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It is uncertain whether its vital center was in Southern Illinois or Ohio-probably the former, because of its geographical situation with reference to the months of the Missouri and Ohio rivers. . The site of St. Louis was formerly covered with mounds, one of which was thirty-five feet high, while in the American Bot- tom, on the Illinois side of the river, their number approxi- mates two hundred.

It is pretty well known, we believe, that St. Louis takes its fanciful title of "Mound City" from the former fact.

The multitude of mound works which are scattered over the entire northeastern portion of Missouri indicate that the region was once inhabited by a population so numerous that in comparison its present occupants are only as the scattered pioneers of a new settled country. The same sagacity which chose the neighborhood of St. Louis for these works, covered the site of Cincinnati with an extensive sys- tem of circumvallations and mounds. Almost the entire space now occupied by the city was utilized by the mysterious Builders in the construction of embankments and tumuli, built upon the most accurate geometrical principles, and evincing keen military foresight. The vast number as well as magnitude of the works found in the State of Ohio, have surprised the most careless and indifferent ob- servers. It is estimated by the most conservative, and Messis. Squier and Davis among them, that the number of tumuli in Ohio equals ten thousand, and the number of en- closures one thousand or one thousand five hundred. In Ross county alone one hundred enclosures and upwards of five hundred mounds have been examined. The Alleghany mountains, the natural limit of the great Mississippi basin, appear to have served as the eastern and southeastern bound- ary of the Mound Builder country. In Western New York, Western Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and in all of Ken- tucky and Tennessee, their remains are numerous, and in some instances imposing. In Tennessee, especially, the works of the Mound Builders are of the most interesting character. Colonies of Mound Builders seem to have passed the great natural barrier in North Caro- lina and left remains in Marion county, while still others penetrated into South Carolina, and built on the Wateree river.

Mounds in Mississippi also have been ex- amined, with interesting results.

On the southern Mississippi, in the area embraced between the termination of the Cumberland mountains, near Florence and Tuscumbia, in Alabama, and the mouth of Big Black river, this people left numerous works, many of which were of a remarkable character. The whole region bordering on the tributaries of the Tombigbee, the country through which the Wolf river flows, and that watered by the Yazoo river and its affluents, was densely populated by the same people who built mounds in the Ohio valley. The State of Louisiana and the valleys of the Arkansas and Red rivers were not only the most thickly populated wing of the Mound Builder domain, but also furnish us with remains pre- senting affinities with the great works of Mexico so striking that no doubt can longer exist that the same people were the architects of both. It is needless to discuss the fact that the works of the Mound Builders exist in con- siderable numbers in Texas, extending across the Rio Grande into Mexico, establishing an unmistakable relationship as well as actual union between the truncated pyramids of the Mississippi valley and the Tocalli of Mexico, and the coun- tries further south.

Such, in a general way, was the geographical distribution of the Mound Builders within and near the territory now occupied by the United States.

THEIR WORKS.

They are-such of them as are left to our day -generally of earth, occasionally of stone, and more rarely of earth and stone intermixed. Dried bricks, in some instances, are found in the walls and angles of the best pyramids of the Lower Mississippi valley. Often, especially for the works devoted to religious purposes, the earth has not been taken from the surrounding soil, but has been transported from a distance, prob- ably from some locality regarded as sacred. They are further divided into enclosures and mounds or tumuli. The classification of these by Squier and Davis, in their great work on "The Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley," published by the Smithsonian Institution thirty- four years ago, has not yet been superseded. It is as follows :

I. Enclosures-For Defense, Sacred, Mis- cellaneous.

II. Mounds-Of Sacrifice, or Temple-sites, of Sepulture, of Observation.

To these may properly be added the Animal or Effigy (emblematic or symbolical) Mounds, and some would add Mounds for Residence. The Garden-beds, if true remains of the Build- ers, may also be considered a separate class ; likewise mines and roads, and there is some reason to believe that canals may be added.

HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.

I. ENCLOSURES FOR DEFENSE. A large and interesting class of the works is of such a nature that the object for which they were thrown up is unmistakable. The "forts," as they are popu- larly called, are found throughout the length and breadth of the Mississippi valley, from the Alle- ghanies to the Rocky mountains. The rivers of this vast basin have worn their valleys deep in the original plain, leaving broad terraces leading like gigantic steps up to the general level of the country. The sides of the terraces are often steep and difficult of access, and sometimes quite inaccessible. Such locations would natur- ally be selected as the site of defensive works, and there, as a matter of fact, the strong and complicated embankments of the Mound Build- ers are found. The points have evidently been chosen with great care, and are such as would, in most cases, be approved by modern military en- gineers. They are usually on the higher ground, and are seldom commanded from positions suffi- ciently near to make them untenable through the use of the short-range weapons of the Builders, and, while rugged and steep on some of their sides, have one or more points of easy ap- proach, in the protection of which great skill and labor seem to have been expended. They are never found, nor, in general, any other remains of the Builders, upon the lowest or latest-formed river terraces or bottoms. They are of irregular shape, conforming to the nature of the ground, and are often strengthened by extensive ditches. The usual defense is a simple embankment thrown up along and a little below the brow of the hill, varying in height and thickness accord- ing to the defensive advantage given by the nat- ural declivity.

Need help finding more records? Try our genealogical records directory which has more than 1 million sources to help you more easily locate the available records.

History of the Ohio falls cities and their counties : with illustrations and bibliographical sketches, Vol. I, Part 1

Author: Williams, L.A., & Co., Cleveland Publication date: 1882 Publisher: Cleveland, Ohio : L. A. Williams & Co. Number of Pages: 814

Author: Williams, L.A., & Co., Cleveland
Publication date: 1882
Publisher: Cleveland, Ohio : L. A. Williams & Co.
Number of Pages: 814