USA > Ohio > History of the Ohio falls cities and their counties : with illustrations and bibliographical sketches, Vol. I > Part 28
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VILLIER GUARDS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 18 to September 28, 186r:
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain Joseph Haveman. First Lieutenant Keal Weaver.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant William Miller. Sergeant George Hackmier.
Sergeant Jacob Becker. Corporal Frank Underiner. Corporal Charles Hostatter. Corporal John Weaver.
PRIVATES.
Ambrose Arnold, Jacob Baken, Henry Dutt, William Ep- pert, Anderson Frank, Jacob Fishback, Amele Hostutter, Stephen Hoselback, Michael Ishminger, Michael Leonard, Paul Lewis, Marshall Merit, John Neist, Frederick Nicely, Rhenard Phlentz, Conrad Stilvy, Leon Sims, Peter Smul- nach.
DUPONT ZOUAVES.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 17 to September 30, 1861 :
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain James R. Noble. First Lieutenant William Crull.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant John Donnelly. Sergeant P. Foulk.
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HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.
Sergeant D. Crull. Sergeant S. M. Gupton. Corporal F. Brocar. Corporal L. Knoblock. Corporal T. Conklin.
PRIVATES.
L. Brentlinger, William Brown, Thomas Brentlinger, John Crull, S. Curran, S. Durning, W. Davis, F. Deitz, P. Earnest, J. Fowler, P. Flood, J. Hasson, H. Keys, Wil- liam Lehr, J. Latterly, C. Manning, S. Manning, J. McCal- vey, J. McGraw, D. Mercer, T. Riley, M. Shely, W. Stiniker, J. Worth, T. B. Wallace, T. B. White.
EAST LOUISVILLE GUARDS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 18th to October 1, 1861.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain David Hooker. First Lieutenant William McNeal. Second Lieutenant John Collins. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
First Sergeant Elias Childers. Corporal Charles Smith. Corporal Henry Thomas. Corporal Minton Michael.
PRIVATES.
John Childers, Davis Childers, Peter Edwards, James Ed- wards, Louis Gody, Joseph King, George Morris, John Mc- Carthy, Nathan Prentice, Andrew Parrall, Zeb. Shy, William Sexton, Stephen Skinner, Nathaniel Stenson, John Therman, Samuel Tigue, James Thomas, Charles Thomas, Joseph West, Mac Whatkins, Joseph Watson, Hugh Watson, Wil- liam Wood.
HALBERT GUARDS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, October 9th to October 20, 1861.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain William H. Maglerney. First Lieutenant Henry J. Smith.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
First Sergeant Charles G. Baner. Sergeant Nicholas Shuman. Sergeant Frederick Schweitzer. Corporal John Buck.
PRIVATES.
William Bolt, George ]. Baner, John Estell, William Fretman, William Farrell, John Feddell, William Gregory, Henry Hite, John M. Latterlo, Joseph Rastatter, Algy Rush, Joseph Schweitzer, Henry Schoeffell, George Stark, William Tate, Jacob Walter, Henry Williams.
THURSTON GUARDS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 17 to September 28, 1862.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain Jesse T. Hammon.
First Lieutenant John Ewald. Second Lientenant Fred. Von Seggern.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
First Sergeant Fred. Miller. Sergeant John Beck. Sergeant Robert Lechlider.
Corporal Adam Rush. Corporal George Hilett.
Corporal Philip Ramer.
Corporal Henry Shear.
PRIVATES.
John Base, Conrad Base, Conrad Bender, Conrad I. Ben- der, Joseph Busatb, John Doetenbier, Mike Dohl, Jacob Delman, Dan. Eberback, Thomas Enright, Charles Erte, John Eberback, Frank Fisher, George Fisher, Jacob Gehart, Jacob Greenvald, Tony Hafner, John Hardsman, Martin Hansemiller, lacob Iniger, Mike Jacob, Henry Kruse, Mike Kruse, Baldwin Kramer, Andy Krebs, Henry Kimpel, Frank Kerns, George Kossell, John Leffert, Charles Mann, Angust Nold, Henry Newmire, Mike Pracht, Henry Poleman, George Stoepler, John Shealer, John Struss, Charles Smith, Pruno Swender, Henry Wertz, Andy Zimmerman.
FRANKLIN HOME GUARDS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 18th to Septem- ber 28, 1861:
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain William Elwang. First Lieutenant P. Emge. Second Lieutenant H. Canning.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
First Sergeant P. Marker. Sergeant Pelter Peter. Sergeant C. Stege. Corporal John Hemple. Corporal G. Marker. Corporal Joseph Tanfkirch.
PRIVATES.
D. Benter, T. Bornschein, B. Bienser, L. Buehler, Dorneck, William Dummeyer, - - Derbacher, John Eller, - -- Eirch, - Flentchbach, Peter Fueks, Peter Grison, C. Gerringer. Henry Holtze, Carl Hubscher, - Huber, Henry Heilman, P. Juts, J. F. Kosiol, L. Lapp, W. Landwehr, F. Lottig, J. Miller, J. Meier, A. Muckebaner, J. Pance, M. Ries, John Sackstetter, Jacob Sackstetter, V. Stein, Frank Schaffer, J. Schaffer, Schmitt, J. Schreck, Frederick Schopflin, Fred Schwenk, John Trebing, W. Weber.
SECOND WARD RANGERS.
Called into United States service by Brigadier- General Anderson, September 18 to September 28, 1861.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
First Lieutenant Charles Summers. Second Lieutenant E. D. Prewitt.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant Andy Kreutzer. Sergeant Charles Speaker. Corporal Henry Kane.
.
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14S
HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.
Corporal William B. Grable. Corporal William Shanks.
PRIVATES.
Theodore Akin, George Bremer, Samuel Clark, James Corrigan, Ferdinand Compton, James Connell, William Cas- sell, Clemance Emhoff, Ben Fincer, Fred Fromer, Daniel Grable, George Grable, Henry Shebley, William Stargs, Benjamin Stumble, George Tiller, Cyrus Grable, John Hordting, John Heddinger, James Hockersmith, James Howell, A. Hughes, John T. Hensley, Martin Jeglie, David Johnson, Philip Kener, John Livingood, Thomas McDaniel, George Milligan, M. L. G. McPherson, Thomas McDer- mitt, William Murrell, Lloyd Redman, Thomas Swaney, Philip Suprodd, James R. Watts, John Weis, Henry Wolf, E. Wetterbam.
LOUISVILLE MEN IN THE SOUTHERN ARMY.
The best efforts of the compiler of this work have failed to supply its readers wirh a roster or detailed history of any of the Confederate com- mands raised in this city; but by the kindness of Colonel John D. Pope, of the Attorney's bureau in the Louisville and Nashville railway offices, we are favored wth the following statement :
Two companies, averaging one hundred and fourteen men each, were recruited in Louisville, at the corner of Fifth and Jefferson streets, at once upon the outbreak of the war, under command of Captains Benjamin M. Anderson and Fred Van Osten. On the 20th of April, 1861, they left by steamer from the foot of Fourth street, with a Secession flag flying, for New Orleans. At Owensboro a third company, commanded by Captain Jack Thompson, was embarked on the same vessel. From New Orleans the companies were ordered to Richmond, and were there organ- ized as the Third Kentucky Battalion, with An- derson as major.
Only three days after the departure of the first Louisville companies, two more, averaging one hundred apiece, raised in the city, under the au- spices of Blanton Duncan, and one of whose com- manders were Captain Lapaille, departed on the Louisville and Nashville railroad, under orders for Lynchburg, Virginia. At Nashville it was joined by a company from the southwest part of Kentucky, headed by Captain, afterward Colonel Edward Crossland, and another from Callaway county, led by Captain Brownson. From Lynch- burg these companies were ordered to Harper's Ferry, where they formed another Kentucky Bat- talion, with Blanton Duncan Major.
On the same day, April 23, 1861, and on the
same train, went another Louisville company, commanded by Captain John D. Pope, and num- bering 114 men, and one from Scott county, mus- tering 122, and under Captain Desha, son of ex- Governor Desha, of this State. They reached Harper's Ferry in due time, and were organized as rifle companies, forming the Second battalion of Kentucky sharpshooters, under Pope, now. promoted to major, and were assigned to the brigade of General Bartow, who was killed in the first battle of Manassas.
An independent Confederate company was also raised in Louisville by Captain Fitzhugh; and upon its arrival in Virginia, and after the battle just named, the several majors of the Kentucky battalions petitioned the War Depart- ment at Richmond for consolidation of their commands into a regiment. The request was granted, and the regiment formed accordingly, with all the Louisville companies aforesaid in it, and Richard H. Taylor, now chief of police in that city, as colonel, William Preston Johnson, lieutenant-colonel, and Edward Crossland, major, all the majors of battalions having mutually agreed to retire from the contest for position as field-officers. The First Kentucky infantry regi- ment, in the Confederate army, was thus formed. The former majors returned to the line as cap- tains. Colonel Taylor was presently breveted brigadier, and subsequently made full brigadier- general. The original enlistment of the men was for one year; and at the expiration of that period they declined to re-enlist as a regiment. All, however, both officers and men, it is believed, entered other commands in the Southern army, and served until released by sickness, wounds, or death, or by the close of the war. Colonel Pope's last service, before the end came, was in the Trans-Mississippi department, under General Holmes.
THE MILITIA OF 1880.
This record may appropriately be closed with some notice of the militia of Louisville and of the county at large, in which old soldiers of both armies in the late "unpleasantness"-men who wore the blue, and those who wore the gray -cordially unite. It may reasonably be sup- posed, in view of the large number of ex-soldiers
149
HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.
resident in Louisville, that the city would have a numerous and efficient militia; and this supposi- tion is found to answer to the facts. The time- honored and battle-scarred Louisville Legion is maintained, in name at least, to the number of six companies, and forms the First Battalion of infantry of the Kentucky State Guard. There is also a good company of light artillery, with a full equipment of guns and other materials of war.
At the encampment of the State Guard at Camp Blackburn, Crab Orchard, July 19 to 26, 1880, Company A, of the Legion, and also Com- pany F, were each awarded the first prize of $100, offered by the State to the best drilled in- fantry company in the Guard. The second prize, $50, was awarded to Company D. Com- pany E, of the Legion, received the prize of $50 as the best drilled cavalry company in the Guard. The Louisville battery received a $50 prize as the best-drilled section of artillery in the State. Company F, of the Legion, was also one of two companies receiving the State Guard flag, valued at $150, as the company best in discipline, sol- dierly conduct, and attendance, when compared with the total aggregate present.
Adjutant and Inspector-General J. P. Nuckols, in his Report for 1880, includes the following account of an inspection of the Legion on the 23d of February, of that year:
The inspection was held on Broadway, between Third and Fourth streets, and was preceded by a review. . . The field and staff consisted of the major commanding, first lieutenant, acting adjutant; one assistant surgeon, one assist- ant quartermaster, rank first lieutenant; one sergeant-major. The battalion is composed of four companies-"A, B, C, and D"-and is armed with the breech-loading Springfield musket, calibre 50, model of 1873. I found the pieces gen- erally in good condition ; two ejector springs did not work well, and would not probably extract the shell. The gun is an excellent model, but, like all other breech-loaders, has some delicate parts, and needs to be handled and treated. with care. The pieces were presented with steadiness and accuracy. The accoutrements are of black patent leather, with white webbing cross-belts. Several cartridge-boxes were minus the wooden blocks. I regretted to see this, as a cartridge-box is not fit for use without this perforated block. The uniform of this battalion is of dark blue cloth, and con- trasts handsomely with the white belts and patent leather. The first sergeants of all the companies are conspicuous for steadiness and accuracy in marching. The four companies of this battalion make a soldierly appearance, are well organ- ized and equipped, furnished with overcoats, knapsacks, haversacks, and canteens. Perhaps not quite enough atten- tion is paid to the arms by the men individually. An armorer may be very well, but every soldier should know the exact condition of his gun, and be held responsible for its perfect cleanliness. This battalion should by all means have an en-
listed band. A drum and fife corps, composed of two musi- cians from each company, instructed in its duties, would be far preferable to hiring an immense brass band for special occasions, at a heavy cost, uninstructed, and awkward at thal.
Company of cadets, commanded by Major J. M. Wright, is composed of boys, apparently from thirteen to eighteen years old. It is an independent body, and is the outgrowth of that passion which boys and young men have for the pos- session of arms. It is well drilled, and under admirable discipline. They are furnished by the State with what is ealled the cadet needle-gun, which is of the model of 1866, is of delicate structure, and not valuable, except for purposes of instruction. The accoutrements are of the old United States patterns, clumsy and unsightly. Notwithstanding, this company is fast coming to the front, and will at no dis- tant day press the best companies of the Legion to the wall.
Louisville Light Artillery .- Present one platoon, com- manded by First Lieutenant Owen Stewart. The pieces are 3-inch steel rifle, and showed on this occasion to good ad- vantage-the guns, carriages and caissons having been recently painted. The equipments are complete and well preserved. It is not to be expected that with horses picked up for the occasion the platoon could well execute move- ments in the mounted drill ; but in all that pertains to the school of the battery or platoon dismounted it showed to ex- cellent advantage. The men are well-uniformed, soldierly in appearance, and proficient in sabre exercise.
During the year 1880 one infantry company, made up of boys under eighteen years of age, was organized and mustered into the Kentucky State Guard as company F of the Louisville Legion, and the company of cavalry was organ- ized in the county at large, and mustered as company E, of the same battalion. The Legion then consisted of five companies of infantry and one company of cavalry, the former holding arms and equipments, the property of the State, as fol- low: Three hundred and twenty Springfield breech-loading muskets, 320 sets of accoutre- ments, 200 overcoats, 200 blankets, 200 haver- sacks, 200 knapsacks, and 200 canteens, besides camp equipage. The cavalry had 26 sabres. The roster of the Legion, by the report of the adjutant-general of Kentucky for 1880 was as follow :
FIRST BATTALION-LOUISVILLE LEGION.
FIELD AND STAFF.
Major John B. Castleman. Adjutant and First Lieutenant Kenneth McDonald.
Quartermaster and First Lieutenant A. M. Cunningham.
Assistant Surgeon B. J. Baldwin.
Chaplain, Bishop T. U. Dudley.
Sergeant-Major Thomas J. Wood.
Quartermaster Sergeant R. Weissinger.
COMPANY A.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain George K. Speed.
150
HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.
First Lieutenant J. D. Wilson. Second Lieutenant Vernon Wolfe.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant C. F. Grainger.
Sergeant H. E. Senteney.
Sergeant J. P. Barbour. Sergeant Edward Ormsby. Corporal D. J. Davis. Corporal W. W. Beeler. Corporal R. C. Judge.
PRIVATES.
R. T. Allen, C. S. Bibb, B. J. Baldwin, 1. A. Batsford, E. P. Batsford, W. C. Churchill, E. E. Colston, H. C. Dembitz, F. S. Finnie, E. A. Fusch, W. H. Fosdick, J. B. Halloway, J. B. Hutching, F. M. Hartwell, H. McK. Jones, A. H. Kent, J. Lehman, D. B. Leight, W. L. Loving, J. P. Monroe, C. R. Mengel, J. E. McGrath, W. G. Munn, I. E. O'Neil, H. H. Purcell, R. C. Price, W. M. Robinson, W. C. Read, W. D. Roy, J. B. Smith. S. W. Shepherd, Jr., C. W. Sisson, C. E. Swope, T. P. Satterwhite, Jr., J. A. Sage, G. A. Sykes, R. M. Sheppard, A. L. Terry, O. W. Thomas, Jr., W. F. Uslick, W Von Borries, O. C. Wehle, B. L. Woolfolk, J. A. Warren, W. M. Warder.
COMPANY B.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain W. O. Harris. First Lieutenant B. A. Adams. Second Lieutenant W. L. Jackson.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant W. J. Hunt. Sergeant E. W. C. Humphrey. Sergeant James P. Helm. Sergeant John Barrett. Corporal H. C. Smith. Corporal J. S. Beeler. Corporal George Caspari. Corporal Grant Green.
PRIVATES.
C. W. Adams, W. J. Allen, L. R. Atwood, J. S. Barnett, W. McD. Burt, C. R. Barnes, J. W. Beilstein, M. Belknap. Paul Booker, E. S. Brewster, J. P. Burton, D. H. Cheney, H. F. Cassin, E. S. Coghill, D. M. Davie, H. B. Davison, J. A. Davis, A. Ellison, Jr., James Floyd, J. A. Gray, D. W. Gray, W. P. Griffith, J. L. Hazlett, A. P. Humphrey, J. B. Hundley, E. W. Hemming, R. C. Isaacs, W. P. Jobson, S. R. Knott, W. T. Knott, William Lee, John Marshall, S. McDowell, E. H. Owings, S. Pardon, G. K. Peay, J. S. Peay, J. C. Russell, W. P. Semple, A. L. Shotwell, J. F. Speed, Jr., F. E. Tracey, L. Von Borries, J. N. Wallwork, J. H. Ward, H. W. Wheeler, M. B. Wise, D. M. Wood, H. M. Young, C. H. Zook.
COMPANY C. COMMISSIONED OFFICER.
Captain J. H. Leathers. First Lieutenant D. F. C. Weller. Second Lieutenant A. H. Jackson. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant E. A. Goddard. Sergeant W. J. Garrett. Sergeant E. Marshall. Sergeant L. Miller. Corporal A. F. Moore.
Corporal J. F. Dobbin. Corporal G. E. Bly. Corporal A. W. Elwang.
PRIVATES.
J. M. Adams, Frank Baker, E. Bryan, T. L. Burnett, Jr., J. M. Borntraeger, C. G. Baurmann, W. R. Benedict, J. C. Clemens, T. Carroll, W. Chambers. D. J. Crowley, R. M. Cunningham, L. B. Doerr, A. J. Elwang, W. E. Fowler, William Francke, H. B. Fitch, J. T. Gaines, C. H. Hewitt, J. A. Holman, C. W. Johnson, C. H. Perkins, S. E. Jones, L. B. Kirby, T. E. Kohlhass, C. H. King. A. G. Link, G. M. Lemon, B. K. Marshall, H. W. Middleton, L. J. Moor- head, W. B. Ming, J. W, McDonald, Roy McDonald, J. C. McComb, E. H. Paine, H. R. Phillips, C. E. Powell, C. E. Riley, W. M. Raible, A. L. Semple, W. B. Sale, J. F. Stults, Jacob Smith, H. Schimpeler, John Storts, Jr., A. Van Vleet, H. T. Warden. N. J. Windstandley.
COMPANY D. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain Eugene Brown. First Lieutenant Guy C. Sibley. Second Lieutenant W. A. Hughes.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant J. M. Sohen. Sergeant L. F. Kaye.
Sergeant J. T. Gamble. Corporal J. C. Hughes.
Corporal G. L. Travis.
Corporal H. C. Clement.
Corporal T. B. Moore.
PRIVATES.
J. M. Armstrong, M. S. Barker, A. Brandies, J. C. Burnett, Ben Clark, L. R. Courtenay, J. W. Davidson, F. C. Dickson, J. L. Gamble, R. C. Gray, J. A. Ferguson, George Felter, J. P. Hunt, Green Holloway, L. W. Homire, T. C. Hobbs, W. H. Hyde, S. M. Huston, W. B. Kniskeen, W. E. Kaye, A. Kaye, W. B. Keslin, Jr., J. P. Kelley, L. S. Kornhorst, J. D. Langhorne, Robert Lewis, W. L. Lyons, T. W. Mul- likin, J. H. Murphy, J. M. Murphy, C. C. McCarthy, A. Mead, T. C. Stokes, T. P. Shepherd, Frank Semple, H. M. Samuel, L. D. Tucker, Burton Vance, J. R. Williamson, John Rothgurber, M. Ryan, W. B. Rowland, Alexander Jackson, W. D. McCampbell.
COMPANY E (CAVALRY).
Company organization and muster-rolls not reported.
COMPANY F. Commissioned officers, 3; 'non-commissioned officers, 7; privates, 46; total, 56. COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain J. M. Wright. First Lieutenant J. Speed Smith. Second Lieutenant H. C. Grinstead. NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant W. O. Bailey. Sergeant J. M. Wintersmith. Sergeant George W. Wicks. Sergeant Victor McPherson. Sergeant M. V. Joyce. Corporal Alexander N. Griswold. Corporal E. S. Wright.
151
HISTORY OF THE OHIO FALLS COUNTIES.
PRIVATES.
T. C. Allen, J. G. Cooke, J. V. Cowling, W. Davis, J. Davidson, J. S. Dean, S. J. Dean, E. Eacher, W. Edmunds, R. E. Gilbert, Fulton Gordon, Charles C. Grant, Henry W. Gray, W. E. Gleason, George Griswold, C. L. Hamilton J. Hamilton, E. N. Harrison, O. Hooge, E. Q. Knott, W. Mandeville, W. Mayers, A. S. McClanahan, D. McComb, H. McDonald, E. T. Mengel, F. T. Meriwether, J. W. Milikin, W. Miller, W. W. Morris, H. Murnan, C. Nelson, C. A. Parsons, J. F. Rees. T. M. Sehon, T. Sherley, G. W. Smith, D. Stuart, J. W. Warder, Henry West, M. West, William Weaver, T. Wintersmith, W. W. Swearingan, H. McGoodwin, W. W. Grinstead.
There was also in existence the Louisville Light Artillery, holding for the State four 3-inch rifled cannon, and 50 each of sets of accouter- ments, overcoats, blankets, knapsacks, haver- sacks, and canteens. Its roster was as follows:
LOUISVILLE LIGHT ARTILLERY.
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain E. H. Moise. First Lieutenant Stewart Owens.
First Lieutenant T. S. Evans.
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Sergeant W. K. Evans.
Sergeant G. S. Bowman.
Sergeant C. B. Bly.
Sergeant Oscar Davis. Sergeant J. H. Mansir.
Sergeant J. M. Fults. Corporal V. S. Wright.
Corporal T. P. Helm.
Corporal A. E. Mayers.
Corporal W. A. Elwell.
Corporal E. B. Bodaker.
PRIVATES.
N. P. Avery, Julius Blatz, G. W. Clarke, W. P. Clarke, A. W. Caldwell, W. P. Dobson, D. Y. Fowler, A. F. German, G. W. Griffith, C. F. Huhlein, J. Hollingsworth, J. Heffernan, J. O. Haddox, E. H. Hopkins, J. D. Kirby, Haden Miller, M. G. Munn, J. W. McCleery, A. V. Old- ham, G. G. Palmer, R. D. Skillman, D. F. Stephen, J. W. Stewart, J. J. Sweeney, Henry J. Stuby, L. B. Smyser, H. C. Thornton, George E. Tuck, J. H. Vanarsdale, J. B. Wat- kins, M. J. Weisen, W. P. Watson.
Tal The Land Mitiness your father Left - my town is Charly Turn and Rady to la Returner Jum I have Registered and Ihave if your Request p .? by a Later pas Some money for that hisness and what Thinking " This aperturety have fat time to Draw up your account Request the favor of you to I found me by the beaver games fright ten Mount and this Shall be your perote for that Jumu and you will ablage your omble Jament Daniel Boone WB I have a Number of plats to Register at this general fort and on Jearse of Cash place to ablage me if posible B quest the 23 1785
1 Cal Milan Pristin
THE HISTORY OF LOUISVILLE,
CHAPTER I. THE SITE OF LOUISVILLE.
The Louisville Plain -- The Louisville Site Described-Its Primitive State-The Spldid Trees-The Ancient Course of the Beargrass-Corn Island-Its Remarkable History- Sand, Rock, and Goose Islands-Willow Bar-The Old- time Ponds-Reminiscences of Them-Their Extinction- The Sand Hills-Dr. Drake's Remarks Upon the Site of Louisville.
THE LOUISVILLE PLAIN,
occupying by far the finest plain in the north- ern and western parts of Jefferson county, is about twenty miles in length and six miles in breadth, lying immediately along the south shore of the Ohio river, without the intervention of hills and bluffs. The capability of the plain, by indefinite expansion of the city's site, to contain, if need be, ten millions of people, is thus evident. Mr. James Parton, in his article on the city of Cincinnati, published in the Atlantic Monthly for June, 1867, asserts that the so-called Queen City occupies the only site on the Ohio river where one hundred thousand people could live together without being compelled to climb very high and steep hills. But Mr. Parton, it is clear, had never visited Louisville, or chose to ignore his visit or the existence of the city. In no direc- tion, indeed, except to the northward, has either Nature or political geography interposed a prac- tical limit to the territorial growth of the chief city by the Falls of the Ohio.
Much of the surface of the Louisville plain consists of a clayey soil, of no great thickness. Underneath this is a substratum of sand, of thirty to forty feet depth. The hydraulic lime- stone and other rocks, with their characteristic fossils, within this plain and in the bed of the riv- er, have been sufficiently considered in our chap- ter upon the Topography and Geology of Jeffer-
son county. Attention may just now be fitly called, however, as it has been called in other publications hitherto, to the superb facilities which the concurrence here of sand, clay, and hydraulic limestone offers for the ready, cheap, and abundant manufacture of brick and ce- ment; while the magnesian limestone, which also abounds in this region, is justly well reputed as a workable and durable building stone. The char- acteristic element of these rocks, too, adds im- measurably to the fertility of the arable lands up- on the plain.
THE LOUISVILLE SITE.
The part of this noble plateau occupied by the city of Louisville, in this year of grace 1882, is about five and three-fourths miles in length, from that part of the modern bed of the Beargrass which lies close upon the east cor- poration lines, to the river bend at West Louisville; and three miles in greatest breadth, from the river- bank to the south side of the House of Refuge grounds. (It is just 2.73 miles, according to City Engineer Scowden, from the river to the House of refuge.) The city occupies, in round numbers, fourteen square miles. Its elevations and depres- sions are now very slight-much more so than in the early day, as we shall presently explain. The general level of the site is only from forty- five to fifty-five feet above low water at the head of the Falls, and seventy to seventy-five feet above low water at Portland; but this is quite enough, as the recent flood (of February, 1882) has demonstrated, to assure the whole city, ex- cept a narrow breadth of buildings along the river, from damage by the highest floods in the Ohio known to recorded history. The site may be said to be, on an average, five hundred feet above the level of the sea, with the hills or knobs
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