USA > Ohio > Annual report of the State Commissioner of Common Schools, to the Governor of the State of Ohio, for the year 1880 > Part 24
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1. Bound the Northwest Territory, and name the States created from it.
2. Name the states of Europe that have a republican form of government, and name and locate the capital of each.
3. Name two important wars fought in Europe during the past twenty years, and state their causes and results.
4. Give two proofs of the earth's rotundity.
5. Name the states crossed by the Tropic of Cancer.
6. Describe the Trade Winds, and state what peculiarities are noticeable in Southern Asia.
7. To what cause or causes may the existence of the Sahara Desert be attri- buted ?
8. Name all the states bordering on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea.
9. Locate the Island of Cuba, and give its area and capital.
10. Name the thirteen original states, and give the capital of each.
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. Name what you consider the three greatest evils in school, and state how you would attempt to prevent them.
2. State three objects to be attained by recitations.
3. What steps do you take towards preventing irregularity in attendance .?
4. Do you permit pupils to aid each other in preparing lessons ? Why ?
5. What works on teaching and school government have you read ?
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. What are diacritical marks ? Give examples of the use of some of them.
2. Define vowel, diphthong, digraph, and trigraph. .
3. What is a primitive word ? a derivative word ? Give examples.
4. Indicate the correct pronunciation and accent of the following words by using the proper marks:
Calliope, allopathy, chalybeate, irreparable, pyramidal, bronchitis, pianoforte, alternate, facet, telegraphy.
5. Spell the following words: Ignitible, scrivener, scalene, lachrymose, infer- rible, hirsute, whiggism, eleemosynary, ennui, quintessence.
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
ASHTABULA COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. Define grammar and its several departments.
2. What is the " copula," the predicate, and the logical subject of a sentence ?
3. How are sentences classified with respect to form and use? Classify adjectives and pronouns.
4. Write a sentence containing as, that and what used as relative pronouns. Also a sentence containing a participle, and verb in the infinitive, each used as a noun and governing a noun or pronoun.
5. Give a synopsis of to lie (to recline) and of to lay in the indicative, first per- son, singular number.
When is the sign of the infinitive mode omitted ?
6. Parse the italicized words in the following: I have known him go three days without food.
7. Correct the following, if necessary, giving a reason for each change made.
(a) Arent you most done talking yet.
(b) I dont know as I shall and I dont know but as I shall.
(c) Neither of the three leading candidates were nominated.
(d) Let each of them be heard in their turn.
(e) She writes neat and looks beautifully.
8. Analyze by diagram or otherwise the following :
" When freedom from her mountain height Unfurled her standard to the air,
She tore the azure robe of night, And set the stars of glory there."
9. Punctuate and capitalize properly the following : Jefferson august 13th 1880
Prof E m avery Cleveland, o. dear sir
Please forward me by adams express Four bottles of your electric Light and draw on me at sight for the amt
Resptly J M Rose, M D
10. He said " I wish you well."
11. He looks like a Cicero.
12. I know what you intend by letting John go home.
13. Knowing what I do concerning his being Judge I believe the story false and trumped up.
14. Parse the italicised words in No. 10. In No. 11 govern Cicero and tell what word like modifies or limits. In No. 12 parse what, letting and go. Govern John and home. In No. 13 parse the words in italics.
GEOGRAPHY.
1. Name the Canadian Provinces, and give the capital of each.
2. Give the principal lakes of Europe, mountain chains of Asia, and the rivers of Africa.
3. Name the five largest cities in the world in the order of population.
4. Tell which States are bounded west by the Mississippi River.
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ANNUAL REPORT.
5. Locate East River, Blackwell's Island, Torres Strait, Molucca Passage, West Point and Key West.
6. How is Oceanica divided ? Give the principal groups of islands in each division.
7. What and where are the following: Tocantins, Geral, Atacama and Bahia.
8. Why are fifteen degrees of longitude equal to one hour of time ?
9. Name the territories of the United States. Draw a township map of Ash- tabula county.
10. What is the approximate length of the earth's orbit ? What is the distance of the earth from the sun; of the moon from the earth ?
11. Give the principal oceanic movements, and state the cause of each.
12. Name the Five Great Powers (so called) of Europe. Bound the largest republic of Europe; of North America.
13. Name the four States last admitted to the Union.
14. Name the departments of the Federal Government, and state the function of each.
15. How are Senators and Representatives of Congress chosen? For how long a term is each elected ?
16. What are Isothermal lines; Vernal and Autumnal Equinoxes; Satellites ; Twilight ; and Lunar month ?
17. Name the candidates of the principal political parties of the United States for the offices of President and Vice-president for the coming term of office ..
ARITHMETIC.
1. Work out the following example : 3.25 - 1.0625 X .04 -:- . 05 =?
2. Find the face of a 90 days' note, which, discounted_at bank at 8 per cent., yields $367.25.
3. What decimal of an acre is a rectangular field, whose diagonal is 60 yards, and whose sides are in the proportion of 4 to 3 ?
4. A can do a piece of work in & of the time in which B can do it, or in § of the time in which C can do it. All, working together, can do the work in 9 days. In what time will A do it, working alone ?
5. Certain stock pays an annual dividend of 10 per cent. I buy it at a premium of 25 per cent. What rate of interest will I receive on my investment ? If I buy it at a discount of 10 per cent., what rate of interest shall I receive ?
6. A man left $3600 to his wife, son and daughter. To the son he left } more than to the daughter, and to the wife } less than to the son and daughter together. What was the portion of each ?
7. A owes B $2000, payable June 1. He pays $500 Feb. 1; and $700, April 1. When, in equity, will the balance be due ?
8. A man sells two horses at an equal price. On one he gains 25 per cent. ; on the other he loses 25 per cent. His loss by the transaction is $12. What did each horse cost him ?
9. How many more revolutions, in each mile traveled, will be made by a carriage wheel 3 feet in diameter than by one 3} feet ?
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
10. A watch, which loses 30 seconds a day, is found, after a journey of 12 days, to be 54 minutes fast. How many degrees of longitude have been passed over ?
11. A dishonest merchant sells tea by Troy weight. What per cent. does he gain, and what per cent. does the purchaser lose by the fraud ?
12. [$1500.] Jefferson, O., August 12, 1875.
Five years after date I promise to pay A. B., or order, fifteen hundred dollars, with interest at 7 per cent., payable annually.
Indorsed, May 12, 1876, $315.75. Aug. 12, 1878, $167.12. Feb. 12, 1879, $103.00.
Find the amount now due on the above note.
MINOR BRANCHES.
PENMANSHIP.
1. Write the following sentence, as a specimen of your penmanship: "A merry heart maketh a cheerful countenance; but by sorrow of the heart the spirit is broken."
2. Make, on the letter-staff below, all of the capitals of the alphabet, showing both the width and height of each letter.
3. What are some essential qualities of good penmanship ?
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. Define prefix, suffix, root, vowel, mute and trigraph.
2. When is a letter a substitute for another ?
3. Give three rules for silent letters ? How is voice produced ?
4. Name the substitutes, silent letters and digraphs in the following words : .
quail, one, orthoepy and phlegm.
5. Write words illustrating all the vowel sounds of "a " and " o."
READING.
1. How is the number of syllables in any word determined ? What is expression, as applied in reading ?
2. Name the several modes of emphasizing a word or passage?
3. Define pronunciation, pitch, antithesis and modulation ?
4. Draw a vertical line through the accented syllable in each of the following words :- bitumen, incomparable, homogeneous, museum, mirage and coliseum ?
5. What faults should be guarded against in reading ?
GENERAL QUESTIONS.
1. How would you secure the co-operation of parents in your school ?
2. What do you consider proper methods of punishment ?
3. How can our schools be made better ? Do you teach map drawing ?
4. What is meant by the " Constitution of the United States?" Define treaty ; embassador.
5. How are "Teachers' Institutes" supported in Ohio?
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ANNUAL REPORT.
BELMONT COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. Define grammar, language, word, syllable and letter.
2. When may a proper noun beome a common noun ? When may a common noun become a proper noun ?
3. Write the possessive plural of octavo, ratio, piano, oasis, child, goose.
4. Are personal pronouns ever adjectives in their construction ? If so, give an example.
5. Write a sentence containing as used as a relative pronoun, and parse the relative pronoun in full.
6. Define the subjunctive mode, and name the signs. Explain the difference between " If it rain, I shall not go," and "If it rains, I shall not go."
7. When does a participle become a participial adjective.
8. Can the infinitive or participle have a subject ? If so, how are these subjects parsed ?
9. I was not aware of its being he.
10. " Have by some surgeon, Shylock, on your charge To stop his wounds, lest he do bleed to death."
-Shakespeare.
Parse underscored words in 9 and 10.
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. (a). In what township do you reside ?
(b). In what township are you to teach, and how many months are you em- ployed ?
(c.) State the divisions of the school year in your township, as to number of terms and vacations, and give your opinion concerning the advan- tages and disadvantages of such divisions.
2. (a). Give your theory on the following topics: The advantages or disad- vantages of concert recitation.
(b). The qualifications a teacher should possess.
(c). County Superintendency.
(d). Teaching as a life work. Teacher's relation to society and the State.
3. Give your practice :
(a). In organizing your school.
(b). In preparing yourself for greater efficiency as a teacher.
(c). In the use of a text-book in conducting a recitation. Why ?
(d). In administering punishment to pupils.
(e). In assigning a lesson.
ARITHMETIC.
1. Explain the foundation principles of arithmetic.
34
2}
X - = what ?
2. - 63 33
3. Write in Arabic characters one billion and ten, and twenty thousandths.
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
4. Find cost of plastering a room 70x20x15 ft. high, at 27 cts. per square yard.
5. Find amount of a note due at maturity for $350, dated May 1, 1879, and running three years, at 7 per cent., on which $50 were paid December 1, 1879, and $50 July 1, 1880.
6. Find the quantity of land within a circle whose radius is 100 rods.
7. Find the capacity, in bushels, of a coal-house 12x20x7 feet.
8. Find difference between solid contents of two balls, one 12 in., and the other 9 in. diameter.
9. If 8 men can do work in 5 days at 10 hours, how long will it take 3 men to do the same at 8 hours each day ?
10. Define square foot, cubic foot, solid contents, surface.
GEOGRAPHY.
1. Define geography. Physical geography.
2. Describe in general terms the surface of the earth.
3. Locate and describe the continent of Australia.
4. Describe the two different routes by water from New York to Bombay.
5. Locate four great cities of the continent of Europe, and give the population and language.
6. Describe the Mississippi river, and name the principal branches flowing from the West.
7. Locate Bay of Fundy, Hudson Bay, Long Island Sound.
8. Bound the states of Colorado, Missouri, and Maryland.
9. Describe the principal railways connecting the Atlantic seaboard with the Mississippi river.
10. How account for volcanoes and hot springs. Locate principal ones of each.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. Who invented the "fonetic alfabet" you use ? Wherein is it still defective ?
2. What are diacritical marks ? Indicate by them the several sounds of o, u, and ch. .
3. Designate 3 sounds in Eng. without any separate character, and 3 letters, . whose sounds can always be represented by other letters.
4. Define syllable, and syllabify adept, Bootes, bazaar, condemning, James's Laocoon, Magdalene, oar, o'er, and tuberose.
5. Mark accent and vowel-sound of each accented syllable: Aryan, Bartimeus, Caucasian, Danish, gamin, gladiolus, molecule, placard, and viva voce.
Spell and define: (1) amethyst, (2) crystallize, (3) beef-steak, (4) sirloin, (5) psalmody, (6) psychology, (7) indicted, (8) subpoenaed, (9) indelibly, (10) infallibly.
READING.
1. By what organ is the breath vocalized ? How?
2. How are sub-vocal sounds produced ?
3. What kind of stress is appropriate for pleasing ideas ? For displeasing ?
4. Why should a pupil not be troubled about mistakes when reading? How do you avoid it ?
ANNUAL REPORT.
5. What do you understand by "thought-reading"? Give some of its advan- tages over the ordinany word-naming in recitation.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
1. Of what does Natural Philosophy treat ?
2. What are the great divisions of it?
3. What are the properties of matter ?
4. What is a "law of nature ?"
5. The quantity of matter and the velocity being given, find the momentum.
6. A stone dropped into a well strikes the bottom in two seconds. Find depth of well.
7. Define lever, wedge, screw, pulley, and their use in machinery.
8. Explain the air-pump, and how it differs from the condenser.
9. What principles are employed in the construction of a steam engine ?
10. Define electricity, magnet, conductor, and explain the principles on which the telegraph is constructed.
PHYSIOLOGY.
1. Define anatomy, physiology and hygiene.
2. Define bone, gland, vein, nerve.
3. Describe the eye as to its structure and use.
4. Name the "vital organs" and their relative position in the body.
5. Describe the circulation of the blood in the body, naming the cavities and valves of the heart.
6. Describe the nervous system.
7. What secretions act on the food in the stomach and duodenum in the process of digestion.
8. By what outlets do impurities pass from the body ?
9. How distinguish between venous and arterial blood when flowing from a wound ?
10. What things are essential to the health of the body ?
U. S. HISTORY.
1. Give date of discovery of the American Continent. By whom ?
2. State proof that the Mound Builders were not a tribe of our present race of Indians.
3. When was the first English colony landed at Jamestown, Va .? When at Plymouth ? What was the relative character of the settlers ?
4. What two American colonies first established religious toleration ? Name the religion of each.
5. When and where was African slavery introduced into the colonies ? Result ?
6. Name the first and last battles of the Revolutionary War, and the commanders on each side.
7. State the leading principles for which the colonists were contending.
8. What was secured by the treaty of Paris? Which one ?
9. Who drafted the Declaration of Independence ? Who wrote Washington's
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
"Farewell Address ?" Who rendered the "Dred Scott Decision ?" Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation ?
10. Name the political parties in this country during the Revolution, during the Confederation. With which party did Washington vote? When did the Democratic party originate ? The Republican ?
RHETORIC.
1. What is figurative language, and how did it originate ?
2. What besides style belongs to rhetoric ?
3. What relation does rhetoric bear to grammar ? To logic ?
4. (e) State relation of clause, sentence, paragraph, topic, and theme to each other.
5. (h) State the province of diction, and name its three distinctive qualities.
6. (d) How is clearness of diction secured ? Unity ? Strength ? Harmony ?
7. Give example of a metaphor, metonymy, prosopopœid.
8. Wherein does beauty differ from sublimity? Give example.
9. Name five kinds of discourse.
10. Write a topical outline of invention, as a department of rhetoric.
LATIN.
1. Which pronunciation do you prefer ? Why ?
2. How many declensions in Latin ? How distinguishea ?
3. In which case do you find the stem ? Example.
4. Write the principal parts of "sto," and give English derivative from each stem.
5. What is meant by euphonic change in stem ? Give example.
6. Define oratio obliqua, and state the general rule for modes.
7. Translate : Talis Romae Fabricius, qualis Aristides Athenis fuit, and tell why "Romae" and " Athenis" differ in case.
8. Translate : Unum se esse ex omni civitate Aeduorum, qui adduci non potu- erit, ut juraret, aut liberos suos obsides daret. Syntax of "juraret ?"
9. Translate: Abque nostris militibus cunctatibus maxime propter altitudinem maris, qui decimae legionis aquilam ferebat contestatus deos ut ea res legioni feli- citer eveniret, "Desilite " inquit commilitones nisi vultis aquilam hostibus prodere : ego certe meum rei publicae atque imperatori officium "praestitero." Syntax of " vultis ?"
10. Translate :
Haec dum Dardanio Aeneae miranda videntur, Dum stupet, obtuque haeret defixus in uno, Regina ad templum forma pulcherrima Dido ; Incessit magna juvenum stipenti caterva.
TRIGONOMETRY.
1. What is Trigonometry ? How divided ?
2. What is an arc ? The complement of an arc? The supplement ?
3. Define sine, tangent, secant.
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ANNUAL REPORT.
V. A merchant wishes to draw $5000 from a bank ; for what sum must he give his note at 90 days, discounting at 6 per cent. ?
VI. Bought goods on four months' credit; after 7 months I sell them for $1500, 2} per cent. off. My gain is 15 per cent., money being worth 6 per cent. ; what did I pay for the goods ?
VII. Bought a load of melons at 8 cents apiece, the waste is 10 per cent. How must I sell them to gain 30 per cent ?
VIII. Fifty men can do a work in 313 days after beginning. How soon must they be joined by ten more so as to complete it in 25 days ?
IX. How many barrels in a tank in the form of a frustum of a pyramid, 5 ft. deep, 10 ft. square at the bottom, and 9 ft. square at the top ?
1. Define number, a prime number, a composite number, a fraction, a mixed number.
2. What is a pyramid ? A cone ? A circle ?
3. Define a square, compound number.
4. What is arithmetic-mental, written and theoretic ?
5. What do you understand by carrying and borrowing ten.
.
6. Define Brokerage and Insurance.
7. Write a negotiable note.
8. Multiply 25 cents by 25 cents. What is the product ?
9. Ten ounces of gold equals how many ounces of lead ?
10. What is the difference between the market value and par value of capital ?
11. Give the rules for multiplication, division, and reduction of fractions.
GEOGRAPHY.
I. Give the latitude and longitude of the Sandwich Islands, and the latitude of Tropic of Cancer.
II. What water separates Europe from Africa ?
III. For what is the river Nile noted, and into what does it flow ?
IV. What two rivers form the Mobile ?
V. What is the width of the mouth of the Amazon ?
VI. What waters make Arabia a peninsula ?
VII. Describe the Euphrates river, its source, direction and length. Into what does it empty its water ?
VIII. Locate gulf and city of Genoa, Spencers Gulf, Falkland Islands, Lake Ny- anza, and Sahara Desert.
IX. Between what latitudes is England ?
X. What is the capital of Peru ?
XI. Where is the city Saua ?
XII. Bound Senegambia. Give its capital.
XIII. Give the divisions of water on the earth.
XIV. Which hemisphere has the most land ?
1. Define axis, latitude, monarchy, monsoons.
2. Account for the location of the tropics and polar circles.
3. Name some of the most important straits. Locate them.
4. How do you account for it being colder on the top of mountains than at the level of the sea, in the same latitude ?
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
5. Give a general outline of South America.
6. To what race do the Hindoos belong?
7. Name the principal states of the U. S. producing cotton. Give their capitals.
8. Locate Montenegro.
9. What causes winds, rains, and high tides ?
10. Name the New England States. Locate their rivers.
11. What waters does the Dardanelles unite ?
12. Where are the volcanic regions of the earth ?
13. Name the causes which modify climate.
14. Bound Butler county, Ohio.
15. Where does the Miami river rise ?
16. Name the largest body of fresh water.
17. Locate the following rivers: Nile, Danube, Niger ..
18. Define political geography.
19. Describe Mexico.
20. Name the countries bordering on the bay of Biscay.
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. What do you understand by common schools ?
2. Give an outline of your method with beginners in reading.
3. What is meant by the theory and practice of teaching ?
4. Name some of the objects of school government.
5. Explain the inductive and deductive methods of teaching.
6. What is the first duty of a teacher on taking charge of a new school ?
7. Have you read the school law of Ohio ?
8. What is the difference, if any, between teaching and instructing ?
9. Name some of the best methods of punishments of which you approve.
10. Why do you teach ?
11. How do you induce pupils to study ?
12. What information is necessary to a teacher in a new school ?
13. What is the object of a recitation ?
14. How would you gain the respect and friendship of your pupils, and their parents and guardians.
15. How would you teach morality in a school ?
ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
1. What is English as a science ?
2. How are the parts of speech distinguished ?
3. Give the principal rules for the formation of the plurals for nouns. Illus- trate.
4. Write a table of the signs of the tenses of the indicative mode.
5. Write a sentence in which is found a verb of the passive voice, potential mode, future perfect tense, first person, singular number.
6. Give the rule for the agreement of pronouns. Illustrate.
7. Give the general rule for the agreement of a finite verb. Illustrate.
8. Explain the difference between a simple and complex sentence.
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ANNUAL REPORT.
9. What is meant by the method of studying English Grammar historically ?
10. Write a letter in which you show your plan of teaching grammar to advanced pupils.
11. How many ways of distinguishing the masculine and feminine genders ?
12. Define each part of speech. .
13. How are conjunctions divided ? Define each. Parse, "He came in great rage, and I never before heard such a set as he gave them. Correct: (1) two spoonsful ; (2) whether he will or no; (3) as soon as ever."
CLERMONT COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. What are the uses of Etymology ?
2. . What are some of the chief errors in the form and use of pronouns ?
3. How do you dispose of the infinitives in the following sentences: For him to steal is base. He seems to sleep. A hot-house is a trap to catch sunbeams. Our honor is to be maintained.
4. Parse italicized words : " It is not certain what he knows." " Who owns that vessel ? I own it."
5. Give examples in sentences of a common, a proper, an abstract, and a collective noun.
6. When a complex sentence is abridged, what is the effect on the subject of the dependent clause ?
7. From what does a phrase usually take its name ?
8. By what parts of speech may interrogative clauses be introduced ? Give an example of each.
9. Write a sentence containing an irregular transitive verb, in the infinitive mode, perfect tense, and passive voice.
10. Write a sentence using a substantive clause as the subject, and analyze the sentence as written.
PENMANSHIP.
1. What do you consider the most important characteristic of good writing?
2. What faults are pupils likely to fall into in writing the letter m ?
3. Write all the letters one space in hight. All that are two spaces.
4. Write all the letters containing the loop.
5. Write ten words beginning each with a different capital.
6-10. Write the following :
" And here the poet raised his hand, With such entreaty and command,
It stopped discussion at its birth, And said : 'The story I shall tell Has meaning in it, if not mirth : Listen, and hear what once befell The merry birds of Killingworth.'"
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
GEOGRAPIIY.
1. How many and what bodies comprise the solar system ?
2. What are the equinoxes ? How many and what are they called ?
3. How many and what are the empires of Europe ?
4. What peculiarity about the State of Holland ?
5. Name the five largest countries of the world ?
6. For what is Egypt celebrated ?
7. Locate the two volcanic zones which encircle the earth.
8. What is the common form of the land masses ?
9. How are clouds formed ? When do clouds yield rain ?
10. What is the origin of glaciers ?
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
Give your opinion, briefly, of the value of individuality in the teacher's work.
ARITHMETIC.
1. A farmer sold 17 bu. of barley, and 13 bu. of wheat, for $31.55; he received for the wheat 35 cts. a bu. more than for the barley ; what was the price of each per bu ?
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