USA > Ohio > Annual report of the State Commissioner of Common Schools, to the Governor of the State of Ohio, for the year 1880 > Part 27
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7. What is astronomical climate ?
8. Give the width of the zones in miles.
9. Explain why the earth is nearer the sun at one time than at another.
10. Are degrees of latitude of equal length on all parts of the globe ? Explain.
ARITHMETIC.
1. What is the fundamental synthetic process of arithmetic ?
2. If stock bought at 5 per cent. premium will pay 6 per cent. on the investment, what per cent. will it pay if bought at 15 per cent. discount ?
3. If I had bought an article for 8 per cent. less, my rate of gain would have been 10 per cent. more. What is my rate per cent. gain ?
4. Required the cost of a three months' draft on Phil. Exchange at 2} per cent. discount, which will pay a debt of $950, money being worth 6 per cent.
5. A man having oranges at 4c. each, and apples at two for 1c. gained 20 per cent. by selling 5 doz. for $2.04. How many of each did he sell ?
6. I had a 60-day note discounted at 1 per cent. a month and paid $4.80 above true interest. What was the face of the note ?
7. In a circle, 32 inches in diameter, there is a line drawn 8 inches from and parallel with the diameter. How long is that line ?
8. When gold is at $1.15, what is the semi-annual interest in currency on $9,500 in 10-40's ?
9. If the draft is 7 1b., the tare 18 per cent., and the net weight 14 cwt., 1 qr. 3 bs., what is the gross weight ?
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ANNUAL REPORT.
10. A broker buys 60-day notes at such a discount that his money earns him 2 per cent. a month. What is his rate per cent. of discount ?
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. What is teaching ?
2. What is that knowledge called which we derive through the senses ?
3. What is empirical knowledge ?
4. Under what heads may school government be embraced ?
5. What do you understand by methods of culture ?
6. Name the important factors in the school.
7. What may be considered as some of the most important qualifications of the teacher ?
8. What is discipline ?
9. What educational papers do you take ?
10. How many months have you taught ?
HANCOCK COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. Decline German and tardiness. Compare discreet and good-natured.
2. Write a synopsis of the verb rise, using any person or number.
3. Define a personal pronoun, a relative pronoun, and a redundant verb.
4. Form a sentence containing the verb have, past perfect; indicative.
5. To be a person of merit requires one to be an active member of society. Parse person, requires, and member.
6. To an American visiting Europe, the long voyage he has to make is an excellent preparative.
Parse words italicized.
7. More things seem to be required of us than we are able to perform.
Parse words in italics.
8. Study to show thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.
9. · Analyze or diagram the 8th.
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. What is meant by the organization of a school ?
8. What are proper incentives to study ? Mention five proper incentives to study.
3. What are the objects of education ?"
4. Why should pupils study and why recite ?
5. How should the recitation be conducted ?
329 e
STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
WRITING.
1
Copy the following as your specimen in penmanship :
I rather tell thee what is to be fear'd,
Than what I fear, for always I am Cæsar. Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf,
And tell me truly what thou thinks't of him !
ARITHMETIC.
1. Define problem, solution, and demonstration.
2. What is a decimal fraction ? What are the terms of a fraction ? What is bank discount ?
3. If you have the square of a number given, how can you find the cube of the same number? What is cancellation ? On what principle does it depend ?
4. Divide $ by 77 and give a full explanation of the process.
5. A man sold an article for $33.51, which was 15 per cent. less than the marked price ; he neither gained nor lost; what per cent. would he have gained had he sold at the marked price ?
6. At what rate per cent. will any principal double itself in 8 years, 6 months and 15 days ?
7. What is the difference between the true discount and the bank discount of $800, payable in 90 days, at 7 per cent. ?
8. A and B are partners ; A put in $900 for 12 months, and B $600. What sum must B put in at the end of 8 months to entitle him to half the year's profits ?
9. A man bought some rice, some tea, some coffee, and some sugar. The tea cost 60 per cent. more than the rice ; the coffee 50 per cent. more than the tea; the sugar 25 per cent. more than the coffee. The cost of all was $240; find the cost of each.
10. A cistern has three pipes; the first will empty it in 9 hours; the other two are equal in size ; if all three are left open, the cistern will be filled in 6 hours ; how long would it take the second or third alone to fill it ?
GEOGRAPHY.
1. What causes the change of seasons ?
2. What are tides, and how produced ?
3. Define climate, isothermal lines, snow-lines, wind and mirage.
4. Name and define the three oceanic movements, and tell how each is chiefly produced.
5. What is the aurora borealis, and how is it supposed to be produced ?
6. Bound each of the following States, and give the agricultural and mineral products of each : New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Kentucky and Ohio.
7. What animal and vegetable products chiefly in the Southern States? In the Northern States ?
8. Bound and give physical features of the largest State in the Union; of the smallest State in the Union.
9. What is the best form of government, and why ?
10. How do we elect a President of the United States, and what are his principal duties ?
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ANNUAL REPORT.
MENTAL ARITHMETIC.
1. A's money is to B's as 7 to 11, but if each received $9, then A's will be to B's as 5 to 7. How much has each ?
2. A laborer agreed to work a year for a horse and $180. At the end of the 5th month he quit. He received the horse and $5. What was the value of the horse ?
3. Sold melons at 12 cents each, and lost 20 per cent. What per cent. would be gained by selling 6 for $1 ?
4. A is § older than B, and B is § as old as C. The difference between A's and C's ages is 3 years. What is the age of each ?
5. Three boys bought 16 oranges for 16 cents. A paid 4, B 5, and C 7 cents. They were joined by D. Each ate an equal part, when D gave the other boys 16 cents. How should they divide it ?
HENRY COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. How do you distinguish between a present, active participle and the progres- sive form, present tense of the same verb ?
2. Give all the participles, both active and passive, of the verbs do, sing and enjoy, and·designate each.
3. To what parts of speech does comparison belon ? Illustrate.
4. Decline who and which.
5. Give the principal parts of five irregular verbs.
6. How are sentences divided as to form ? Illustrate.
7. Write a sentence containing a noun in the nominative case. Write a sentence containing a noun in the nominative independent. Write a sentence containing a noun in the nominative absolute. Write a sentence containing a noun in the predi- cate nominative.
8. Correct the following :
(a) Me and you had went before they come.
(b) Had you and me not ought to go.
(c) It was him and Mary who we seen going away.
9. Diagram or analyze the following sentence :
"Laughed the brook for my delight,
Through the day and through the night ;
Whispering at the garden wall,
Talked with me from fall to fall".
10. Parse the italicized words in the foregoing sentence.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. What is orthography ? Articulate sounds ? Language?
2. What is a letter ? An elementary sound ? The consonant sounds are how many ?
3. The consonant sound heard in babe, is what? The consonant sound heard in did, is what ?
331
STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
4. Name the vowels. Name the letters that are vowels in the following words : valiant, alien, cullion, brasier, occasion.
.
5. What are the principal organs of speech ?
6. What letters are liquids ? Why are they so called ?
7. When is Y a consonant? When is W a vowel ? Is W a vowel or consonant in the words, wine, twine, wayward ?
8. Which of the following words contains a diphthong, a triphthong, a digraph ? Ounce, our, aid, deacon, bean, lien, precious, officious.
9. Name the letters that are never silent. What is the use of a silent letter ?
10. What is the antecedent part of a syllable ? The consequent past ?
GEOGRAPHY.
1. Which countries of Europe are Empires? Which are Republics? Which are Kingdoms ?
2. Give an outline of the government of Great Britain.
3. Describe Denmark ; name and locate its capital.
4. What countries border on the Bay of Biscay ?
5. Bound the state having the greatest population.
6. What can you say about the native animals of Africa ?
7. Describe the Union and Central Pacific Railroads.
8. What does the Turkish Empire include ? Name and locate its capital.
9. To what race do the Turks belong ?
10. Describe briefly the surface, productions, climate, and government of the state in which you live.
ARITHMETIC.
1. What is the least common multiple of two or more numbers? What is the greatest common divisor of two or more numbers ?
2. The principal, time and interest being given, how find the rate per cent .? The principal, interest and rate being given, how find the time ?
3. If the use of $3,750.00 for eight months is worth $68.75, what sum is that whose use for 2 years and 4 months is worth $250 ?
4. What is the face of a note? What is the present value of a note? What is the discount on a note ?
5. How much may be gained by hiring money at 5 per cent. to pay a debt of $6,400, due 8 months hence, allowing the present worth of this debt to be reckoned by deducting 5 per cent. per annum discount ?
6. Of what principal is $150 the compound interest for 2 years at 7 per cent. ?
7. How many oaken planks will floor a barn 60} feet long and 33} wide, when the planks are 15 feet long and 15 inches wide ?
8. If a solid globe of silver, of 3 inches diameter, be worth $150, what is the value of another globe of silver, whose diameter is six inches ?
9. The sum of two numbers is 43, and the product is $442; what are those two numbers ?
10. Extract the square, cubed, or 6th root of 12230590464.
332
ANNUAL REPORT.
READING.
1. "Promote, as an object of primary importance, institutions for the general diffusion of knowledge. In proportion as the structure of a government gives force to public opinion, it should be enlightened."- Washington.
Who and what was the author of the above extract ? Where and when did he live ? In what was he especially remarkable ?
2. What are some of the indispensable qualities of good reading ?
3. Define the difference between enunciation and pronunciation.
4. Give an outline of your method with beginners in reading.
5. What do you understand by quantity and accent ?
6. Define the orotund.
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. What is the best method of teaching morality in a school?
2. How does the profession of a teacher compare in importance with other professions ?
.3. To what extent should text-books be used by a teacher in conducting recitations ?
4. Upon what branches would you give oral instructions ?
5. Should a teacher question his class in reading before or after the lesson has been read ?
HIGHLAND COUNTY.
ARITHMETIC.
1. Find the value of { of 7 - 14 + 5+ 1 + of + of 12 : 5.
2. A, B, and C join capitals, which are in proportion of 2, 3, }. At the end of 4 months A withdraws } of his capital ; at the end of 9 months more their gains are $1,420. Divide it.
3. If 81 yards of cloth, 1} yards wide, make 27 coats, how many yards, 1} yards wide, will be required to make 50 jackets, each jacket containing § as much cloth as a coat ?
4. Twenty per cent. of my corn was stolen, and 12} per cent. of the balance was destroyed by rats. At how many per cent. above cost must I sell the rest, so as to incur no loss ?
5. Find the face of a sight draft in London, which costs in Boston $6,575.20 in currency, exchange $4.87}, and gold 72 per cent. premium.
6. The true discount of a certain sum for 2 years 3 months, is $54; the interest of the same sum for the same time at the same rate is $58.86. Find the principal and the rate.
7. A man weighed 194 lbs. 5 oz. 6 pwt. 16 grains. What was his weight avoir- dupois ?
8. A's money is 20 per cent. more than B's. If B gave a sum equal to 8} per eent. of A's money, he will then have how many per cent. less than A ?
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
9. Find the cost of fencing a field in the form of an equilateral triangle, whose altitude is 12 rods, fence $1 per rod.
10. Insert two geometric means between 14.08 and 3,041.28, and find the sum of the series.
GRAMMAR.
1. How many case forms may nouns have, and what are they ?
2. In what case only can mistakes in construction occur, and why ?
3. How many forms have irregular verbs ? How many have regular verbs ?
4. Change the following sentences into good English :
(a). When we were children, we learned that lead was heavy, and that feathers were light.
(b). Longfellow has said that art was long and time was fleeting.
5. One may say, "He looks sharply," but what ought he to mean when he says it? What ought you to mean when you say of a man, "He looks mean," "He looks meanly ?"
6. Correct the following: If I was a blacksmith, I would try to do better work than that.
7. Decline the several personal pronouns.
8. What may be mistaken for a verb in the passive voice ?'
9. Name and define the four modes and the six tenses.
10. Diagram the analysis of the following sentence :
Thus while he spake, each passion dimn'd his face ; Thrice changed with pale, ire, envy, and despair ;
Which marr'd his borrowed visage, and betrayed
Him counterfeit, if any eye beheld.
Parse the words underscored.
GEOGRAPHY.
1. Which are the more accurate, globes or maps ?
2. In what months does the dry season occur in the northern half of the Torrid Zone ?
3. In what direction do most peninsulas extend ? What exceptions ?
4. Which mountain chain is the highest in the world, and which ranks next ?
5. Into what physical sections is the United States divided ? Describe each of them.
6. What proportion of the population of the U. S. does New York State contain?
7. Is the Union Pacific R. R. or the Atlantic Cable the longer ?
8. What are, and where are Waco, Torrens, Kalahari, Nyanza and Mellville ?
9. Name and locate the areas of the U. S.
10. Is Southern Alaska warmer or colder than Southern Greenland. Why ?
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. Tertiary.
2. Schematism.
3. Prisage.
4. Mirable.
5. Hemiglyph.
6. Gallipot.
7. Fatiscence.
8. Incinerate.
9. Glanconite.
10. Fustian.
334
ANNUAL REPORT.
HOCKING COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. What is grammar as a science ? As an art ?
2. Define abstract, collective, and verbal nouns. Give examples.
3. What is parsing ? Etymological parsing ? Syntactical parsing ?
4. When a verb has three nominatives, each in a different person, how should they be arranged ? With which should the verb agree ?
5. How abridge a subordinate clause ? Illustrate by examples.
6. Correct and give reasons : The general's aids horse was killed. The former of them five sentences is incorrect.
7 and 8. Parse in full the words in italics: To know how to say what other people only think, is what makes men poets and sages.
9 and 10. Analyze in full : The hour having arrived, we, being ready, commenced the exercises to which we had invited the audience.
GEOGRAPHY.
1. Give the names, boundary, area, and population of any three States of our Union.
2. What do you understand by the political divisions of a country ?
3. What is the difference between a republican form of government and a monarchy ?
4. Explain how the President of the United States is elected, and when and how inaugurated.
5. Describe the Mackenzie river system.
6. Bound Asia.
7. Give the principal political divisions of Asia.
8. Locate the Suez canal and state some of its advantages to commerce.
9. Bound Alaska.
10. What are the principal productions of Alaska ?
ARITHMETIC.
1. Define abstract, concrete, prime, and composite numbers.
2. What is a tax ? An income tax ? An excise tax ?
3. Define interest, simple, compound, and annual.
4. What is involution ? Evolution ?
5. The sum of two numbers is 140, and their quotient 19. What are the numbers ?
6. A party of 8 hired a coach. If there had been 6 more the expense would have been reduced $12 for each person. How much was paid for the coach ?
7. How many per cent. greater is the square root of 133225 than the cube root of 34328125 ?
8. A room is 5.2 metres long, 4.5 metres wide, and 3.2 metres high. What will be the cost of plastering it at 35 cents per square metre ?
9. How many wine gallons in a bucket in the form of a frustum of a cone, the diameters at the top and bottom being 13 in. and 10 in., and the depth 12 in. ?
335
STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
10. How much must be invested in 5 per cent. stock, purchased at 872, to secure to the purchaser an income of $1,000 annually ?
THEORY AND PRACTICE.
1. How do you prevent your pupils from becoming dull and listless ?
2. Define a direct question ; an indirect question. Which should a teacher usually employ in conducting recitations ? Give reasons.
3. What subjects do you teach without the aid of the text-book in the class ?
4. How would you secure order, attention and diligence, and prevent tardiness ?
5. Give your age, name, and post-office address, and the number of terms you have taught.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
1. How many sounds have each of the vowels ?
2. What is a diphthong? How many are there ?
3. What is a digraph? A triphthong ?
4. When two vowels come together, how are they disposed of in syllabication ? Spell and define the following words:
5. Aqueous.
9. Quiescence.
6. Vacillate.
10. Apocrypha.
7. Eraser.
11. Serf.
8. Complacent. 12. Surf.
HOLMES COUNTY.
GRAMMAR.
1. What do you understand by parts of speech, and how do you determine to which a word belongs ?
2. Write a complex sentence containing adje. clause and two adverbial phrases. Mark each.
3. Classify sentences, (1), with respect to form; (2), with respect to use.
4. Write a sentence in which the subject is modified by a phrase and clause.
5. When does a preposition become an adverb ?. Give example.
6. By what may a verb be modified ? Give examples.
7. In what do all the errors of language consist ?
8. Employ different uses for three periods, three commas, and two apostrophes in a sentence.
9. Sentence, adjective, and two adverbial phrases.
10. Employ a sentence illustrating the use of conjunctive adverb and correlative conjunction.
11. Write sentences showing the different constructions of that and what.
12. Employ the following words in sentences of twelve words:
(1). Edition ; addition.
(2). Eruption ; irruption.
(3). Millersburg ; September 8, 1880.
336
ANNUAL REPORT.
ARITHMETIC.
1. A man sold a cow at an advance of $10.00, which was 25 per cent. of what she cost. What was the cost of the cow ?
2. When a merchant buys goods at a discount of 10 per cent. from the regular price, and sells them at 10 per cent. above the regular price, what is his gain per cent?
3. When a man can borrow money at 6 per cent., which is more profitable and how much per cent., to buy goods at 4 per cent off for cash, or on 60 days credit ?
4. A man paid 2 per cent. for selling his wheat, and realized $1.47 per bushel. For how much per bushel did it sell ?
5. Sold goods and gained 20 per cent. If, however, they had cost $60.00 more, I would have gained 10 per cent. What did the goods cost?
6. If 12 ounces of wool make 2} yards of cloth, } yard wide, how many ounces will it take to make 73 yards 13 yards wide?
7. At what time between 5 and 6 o'clock will the hour and minute hands of a watch be together ?
8. The product is 3 and the multiplier § of § of 2. What is the multiplicand ?
9. Iinvest and sell at a loss of 15 per cent .; I invest the proceeds and sell at a gain of 15 per cent. ; do I gain or lose on the two speculations, and how much per cent .?
10. Find the side of the largest square stick that can be cut from a log two feet in diameter ?
GEOGRAPHY.
1. What are the productions of the earth ?
2. What are the poles of the earth ?
3. How far distant are the poles situated from each other ?
4. Bound each zone.
5. Define longitude and latitude.
6. Name the cardinal points and define each.
7. What is government ?
8. What hills divide the Highlands and Lowlands of Scotland ?
9. Who discovered North America ?
10. Name and locate five bays of North America.
11. Who first settled Brazil, and when did it become a Kingdom ?
12. What is the latitude and longitude of the Gulf of Sidra ?
13. Bound India.
JACKSON COUNTY.
ORTHOGRAPHY.
Mercenary, raillery, putrescence, rapper, pittance, untenable, conventicle, surly, extirpate, prescious, demurrer, assent, handi-work, exhalation, Macaulay, genuine- ness, clique, insipid, charlatan, Faneuil.
GEOGRAPHY.
1. What is the velocity of the earth's rotation at the equator ?
2. What is the circle of illumination ?
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STATE COMMISSIONER OF COMMON SCHOOLS.
3. Why are the tropics and the polar circles placed just where they are ?
4. What keeps the earth in motion, and what modifies its motion ?
5. On what does the relative length of the day and the night depend ?
6. Where do the volcanic forces display the greatest intensity ?
7. Name and describe the different classes of islands, and tell what per cent. of the land space of the earth they contain.
8. Name the oldest city in the world; in the United States; in Ohio.
9. Where is Honululu ? Tokio? Monrovia? Valadolid ?
10. Name the 5 counties in Ohio that produce the most wheat ; the 5 that pro- duce the most corn.
GRAMMAR.
1. In what case of nouns can mistakes in construction occur, and why ?
2. How do you determine the number and gender of a conjunctive noun ?
3. Write a sentence containing an adverbial modifier, a phrase as an adjective modifier, and a clause as a conjunctive modifier.
4. What is the difference, in meaning and use, between lie and lay, sit and set ?
5. Capitalize and punctuate this sentence: This is the motto of the university of oxford, the Lord is my light.
6. Form a sentence out of the following: The Journals every clime through reverberates the thunder of great London.
7. Correct : He should not venture into deep water that cannot swim.
8. What tenses, of what modes can be formed without auxiliaries ?
9. Analyze by diagram: He that allows himself to be a worm must not com- plain, if he is trodden on.
10. Parse :
Needful auxiliaries are our friends, to give
To social man true relish of himself.
ARITHMETIC.
1. From 1 mile subtract 7 fur., 39 rds., 5 yds., 1 ft., 5 inches.
2. What is the least number, which being divided by 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12, shall always leave a remainder of $5.
3. A and B have had equal incomes for 8 years. A by spending $60 per year more than B, finds himself $80 in debt, while B laid up each year 12} per cent. of his income. What was the income ?
.4. A cheese being weighed for me in one scale of a balance weighed 16 lbs., but suspecting its accuracy, I transferred it to the opposite scale and it weighed but 9 lbs. Required its true weight.
5. Three students owe a debt; the first and second owe $5.50; the first and third, $7.20; the second and third, $10.30. Required their individual parts of the debt.
6. A person went to 4 taverns in succession ; upon entering each of which, he borrowed as much money as he carried to it; and upon leaving them he paid the landlords $1 each; which done, he finds himself without money and without friends. What sum of money did he carry to the first tavern ?
22 S. C.
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338
ANNUAL REPORT.
7. A man has two large pieces of iron, whose weight is required. It is known that 3 of the first piece weighs 96 lbs. less than 2 of the other piece; and that § of the second piece weighs exactly as much as } of the first. How much does each piece weigh ?
8. A and B start at opposite points to skate to the other's starting point; dis- tance, 8 miles. A, by having the advantage (hence B the disadvantage) of a uniform wind, performs his task 2} times the quickest, and 48 minutes the soonest. Required the time that each is skating, and the force of the wind per minute.
9. Find the diameter of one of four equal circles inscribed in a square field, and enclosing centrally, 1 acre of ground.
10. The diameter of a circular field is 240 rods. How many acres of grass will be left after 7 horses have eaten all they can reach, the halters, which are allowed them being of equal length, and attached to posts so located that each can just touch his neighbor's territory, and none can reach beyond the fence ?
JEFFERSON COUNTY
· ARITHMETIC.
1. Find the g. c. d. of 240, 336, 1,768.
2. If 31} A. of land cost $952, what will ¿ A. cost ?
3. Divide the difference between nine thousand and forty-eight hundred thou- sandths, and six hundred and four millionths, by the product of forty thousand and sixty-three millionths, and fifty-seven hundred thousandths. (Carry out to three decimal places).
4. Explain the principle involved in the process of changing a common fraction to a decimal, using an example to illustrate.
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