History of the city of Columbus, capital of Ohio, Volume II, Part 54

Author: Lee, Alfred Emory, 1838-; W. W. Munsell & Co
Publication date: 1892
Publisher: New York and Chicago : Munsell & Co.
Number of Pages: 1196

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413

POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1849-1853.

respect to his memory business was suspended one hour July 12. On September 17 a eulogy upon his life and services was pronounced at Doctor Hoge's church by John G. Miller. A Democratic State Convention met in the Senate Chamber. Barnabas Burns was its chairman, C. L. Vallandigham its secretary, and A. P. Miller, of Butler County its nominee for Member of the Board of Publie Works. A Democratic Publishing Committee, socalled, was appointed early in the year " to collect facts and arguments, and circulate them in tract form throughout the State, and to collect money to defray the expenses thereof." Its members were Samnel Medary, D. A. Robertson, Thomas Sparrow, James M. Westwater and Matthias Martin.

1851.

The Whig State Convention met July 3 in the "New City Hall over the Markethouse." Its chairman was Hanson L. Penn, of Brown County ; its nomina- tions were these: Governor, Samuel F. Vinton, Gallia ; Lieutenant Governor, Ephraim R. Eekley, Carroll; Secretary of State, Earl Bill, Erie : Attorney General, Henry Stanbery, Franklin; Auditor of State, John Woods, Butler ; Treasurer of State, Albert A. Bliss, Lorain ; Members of the Board of Public Works, Daniel Segur of Lueas, John Madeira of Ross and David H. Lyman of Muskingum ; Judges of the Supreme Court, S. J. Andrews, Cuyahoga, C. C. Convers, Muskingum, Peter Odlin, Montgomery, Bellamy Storer, Hamilton, and George B. Way, Defiance. The resolutions adopted declared that the Fugitive Slave Law, which had been approved by President Fillmore in September, 1850, " was not recommended by the President or passed as a party measure, and that entire toleration of opinion should be allowed thereon." A declaration that General Scott was the first choice of the Ohio Whigs as nominee for the Presidency was also adopted. In lieu of John Madeira, who declined the nomination for Member of the Board of Public Works, Benjamin F. Conway, of Scioto County, was nominated by the Whig State Central Committee, which comprised the following members: John B. Thompson, Lorenzo English, Samuel Galloway, John W. Milligan, John Gra- ham, Theodore Comstock, William T. Bascom, R. P. L. Baber, A. B. Buttles, Sam- son Mason, Thomas W. Powell, C. N. Olds, William Richards.

The Democratic State Convention met at Neil's New Hall, Edson B. Olds pre- siding, and nominated the following ticket : Governor, Reuben Wood; Lieutenant Governor, William Medill ; Supreme Court Judges, R. P. Ranney, W. B. Caldwell, J. A. Corwin, T. W. Bartley, A. G. Thurman; State Auditor, E. D. Morgan ; Secretary of State, William Trevitt ; Treasurer of State, J. G. Breslin ; Attorney- General, George E. Pugh ; Board of Public Works, A. P. Miller, G. W. Manypenny, J. B. Steedman.

The Free Soil State Convention met in the City Hall August 21, Joshua R. Giddings presiding, and made nominations as follows: Governor, Samuel Lewis; Lieutenant-Governor, Nicholas Spindler; Secretary of State, H. W. King; Treasurer of State, A. A. Bliss ; State Auditor, John Woods ; Attorney General, John Rutgers; Supreme Court Judges, J. Brinkerhoff, S. J. Andrews, R. P.

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HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS.

Ranney, B. Storer, W. B. Caldwell. The resolutions adopted denounced the Fugi- tive Slave Law and favored the abolition of slavery in the territories.

A meeting of the colored people of Columbus, held on September 22 at the African Methodist Episcopal Church, adopted resolutions expressing sympathy with a band of eseaping slaves from Baltimore County, Maryland, who had suc- cessfully resisted their attempted recapture at Christiana, Pennsylvania. The chairman of the meeting was Jobn .T. Ward, the secretary, C. H. Langston ; the committee on resolutions, C. H. Langtson, L. D. Taylor and John Booker. Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, of Illinois, visited the city on political business September 27.

1852.

The Democratie State Convention met in the City Hall January 8, B. F. Leiter, of Stark County, presiding. A resolution recommending William Allen as first choice of the Ohio Democracy for presidential nominee was bitterly opposed, and a substitute by Mr. Vallandigham, declaring it inexpedient to make any recommendation was adopted instead. The nominees were : Supreme Court Judge, William B. Caldwell ; Member of the Board of Publie Works, James B. Steedman. The Democratic National Convention, held at Baltimore beginning June 1, nomin- ated Franklin Pierce, of New Hampshire, for the Presidency, and William R. King, of Alabama, for the Vice Presidency. The Whig State Convention met in Colum- bus July 22, Hiram Griswold presiding, and nominated Daniel A. Haynes of Montgomery, for Supreme Court Judge, and David HI. Beardsley of Cuyahoga, for Member of the Board of Public Works. Edward D. Mansfield and William Dennison were nominated as Senatorial Electors. The Whig National Convention met June 18, also at Baltimore, and nominated General Winfield Scott for the Presidency, on the fiftythird ballot, Webster, Seott and Fillmore being the leading candidates. William A. Graham, of North Carolina, was nominated for Vice President. A Whig ratification meeting held June 21 was addressed by William Dennison ; another, at the City Hall, June 23, was addressed by Samuel Galloway. The Free Soil State Convention was held at the City Council Chamber February 11, Mr. Paris, of Erie, presiding. The convention expressed its preference for the nomination of John P. Hale for the Presidency, and adopted a resolution offered by Mr. Jenkins (colored) declaring that the elective franchise should be extended to all men, regardless of color.

The Freesoil National Convention, held at Pittsburgh August 10, nominated John P. Hale for President and George W. Julian for Vice President. Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts, was Chairman, and Frederick Douglas one of the secretaries of the convention. A Central Chippewa Club (Scott and Graham) was organized July 10; President T. V. Hyde; Secretaries, James R. Tuttle, Martin Krumm, Charles Klie; Treasurer, J. J. Janney. The Whig State Central Committee of the year was : John Graham, James L. Bates, J. B. Thomp- son, William Miner, W. T. Bascom and M. Pennington.

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POLITICAL EVENTS; 1849-1853.

In the General Assembly, April 15, pending discussion of a resolution to lend the arms of the State to Kossuth, Representatives C. L. Weller and Daniel Beekell fell into an altercation, and hurled their sandboxes at one another's heads. Neither was hit. The affair was humorously spoken of as "the battle of the sandboxes." One of the current political rhymes and jests of the campaign was the following, quoted by Judge Johnson, of Cincinnati, at a great Whig meeting at Niagara Falls :

We hang our harps upon the willow Whenever we think of General Pillow, Who dug, by the aid of General Marcy, Ditches and breastworks vice varsy.

Horace Greeley addressed a street meeting of the Whigs September 7; another meeting by the same party, held at Goodale Park September 8, was accompanied by a parade on High Street. It was addressed by Horace Greeley, Thomas Ewing, L. D. Campbell, W. H. Gibson, and others. General Sam. Houston addressed an open air Democratie meeting September 7; another Democratie meeting held September 11 was addressed by Hon. Stephen A. Douglas. John P. Hale, the Freesoil candidate for the Presidency, spoke at Neil's Hall September 23.

General Winfield Scott, the Whig candidate for the Presidency, arrived from Cleveland September 21, and was formally received by a committee the members of which were Mayor English, R. W. McCoy, Joseph Ridgway, John Noble, Wil- liam Armstrong, P. H. Olmsted, N. H. Swayne, Robert Neil, H. B. Carrington, T. V. Hyde and John Chance. From the railway station General Seott as escorted to the Neil House by the Chippewa Glee Club and other Whig organizations, led by Machold's Brass Band. While an artillery salute was being fired, Henry Fet- ters was mortally wounded by the premature discharge of a eannon. At the hotel General Seott briefly addressed the crowd which assembled to greet him. In a subsequent address during his sojourn at Columbus he repelled, with much feel- ing, a statement that he had caused fifteen German soldiers to be tied to a tree and flogged during the Mexican War. On September 22 he left for Maysville, Kentucky, via Chillicothe.

The death of Henry Clay took place at Washington June 29; on the thirtieth a meeting of citizens - A. F. Perry Chairman, and J. J. Janney Secretary - was held to express sorrow over the event. At this meeting a committee of fifteen to make arrangements for receiving the remains of the distinguished deceased was appointed. The City Council, on the same date, passed resolutions of regret, and ordered its chamber to be draped in mourning. Mr. Clay's remains arrived at Columbus, under escort from Washington, at 7:30 P. M., July 8, by express train from Cleveland. The remains were received by committees representing the City Council and citizens, and a procession was formed in the following order: 1, fire- men; 2, hearse, with Captain Schneider's Volunteers as guard of honor; 3, Committee of Arrangements as pallbearers; 4, committee of the United States Senate; 5, committees from Kentneky and Cincinnati; 6, committees from other towns and cities; 7, City Council in carriages; 8, citizens in carriages,

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HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS.

Led by Chief Marshal Glenn and Assistant Marshals Bruck and Hulburd, the procession, which also comprised a large body of Masons, moved on High Street to Town, on Town to Third, on Third to State, on State to High and on High to the Neil House, where the body was deposited for the night. During this move- ment all the bells of the city were tolled and minute guns were fired. Large crowds of people lined the streets along the ronte of the procession. At the Neil House brief addresses were made by Hon. William Dennison, of Columbus, and Governor Jones, of Tennessee. A memorial meeting held at the City Hall during the evening was addressed by A. F. Perry and William Dennison. Joseph Ridg- way presided, and resolutions were reported by R. P. L. Baber.

1853.

The Democratic State Convention was held at the City Hall, January 8, C. L. Vallandigham presiding. Its nominations were: Governor, William Medill ; State Treasurer, John G. Breslin (renominated) ; Secretary of State, William Tre- vitt; Board of Public Works, George W. McCook.

The Freesoil State Convention met at the City Hall January 12, Jacob Brink- erhoff presiding, and nominated : For Governor, Samuel Lewis ; Supreme Court Judge, Reuben Hitchcock; Secretary of State, William R. Graham ; Attorney- General, Cooper K. Watson ; State Treasurer, J. W. Chaffin; Board of Public Works, Alonzo O. Blair. A long series of resolutions was adopted, of which the seventeenth declared that " sound policy requires a system of free trade with all nations that will trade free with the United States," and favored direct taxation as the only fair and just mode of raising revenue.

The Whig State Convention met at the City Hall February 22; T. R. Stan- ley presiding. Its nominations were : For Governor, Nelson Barrere; Lieuten- ant Governor, Isaac J. Allen ; Treasurer, Henry Brachman; Secretary of State, Nelson H. Van Vorhes; Attorney-General, William H. Gibson; Supreme Court Judge, Franklin T. Backus ; Board of Public Works, John Waddell. The mem- bers of the State Central Committee appointed were, A. F. Perry, William Deuni- son, W. T. Baseom, Samuel Galloway and R. P. L. Baber, of Columbus ; John Coon, of Cleveland; P. Van Trump, of Lancaster ; R. M. Corwine, of Cincinnati, and N. Evans, of Cambridge.

On August 24 a supplementary Democratic State Convention was held at the Ambos Hall to nominate a candidate for Lieutenant-Governor in lieu of Lester Bliss who declined. James Myers, of Lucas County, was nominated, and Hiram H. Barney was at the same time named as candidate for State School Commis- sioner.

The Martin Koszta extradition case was at this time a subject of current politi- cal discussion. The unconditional release of Koszta by the Austrian Government was announced in the local press November 18. On May 16 a request of colored citizens for the use of the City Hall for a public meeting was denied by the City Council. Pending discussion of the socalled "crowbar bill," in the lower House

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POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1849-1853. 417

of the General Assembly, George T. Barnum, Representative of Cuyahoga County, was struck and knocked down on the floor of the House by its Clerk, M. H. Medary. The trouble grew out of charges made against Medary by Barnum and referred to a special committee which reported adversely to the aceusations. Medary was arrested.

A demand for general dissolution of the old political parties was currently made, and was one of the striking features of the politics of this year, both loeal and general.

NOTES.

1. Conspicuous among their partisans in maintaining this opinion was Edwin M. Stanton, the subsequently distinguished Secretary of War.

2. The election took place October 10. The vote stood :

First District -George E. Pugh, 6,462 ; Alexander N. Pierce, 6,431 ; Oliver M. Spencer, 4,534 ; George W. Runyan, 4,451 ; J. R. Hamilton, 968 ; Alexander Webb, 1,009. Second District .- Edwin L. Armstrong, 6,230; Henry Rödter, 6,100; Alexander Long, 6,225 ; Stephen S. L'Hommedien, 2,326; John S. Nixon, 2,176; John Martin, 2,277.

3. Article, Salmon P. Chase, in the Ohio Archaeological and Historical Quarterly for Sep- tember, 1887.

4. The vote stood, 37 for Breslin to 37 for Leverett Johnson, of Cuyahoga.

5. The vote stood, 32 to 31.

6. In this address General Scott made use of the expressions, " sweet German accent " and " rich Irish brogue," intended as votecatching compliments. These phrases were there- after current among the stock expressions of the canvass, and rather to the detriment than benefit of the General's political interests.

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CHAPTER XXVI.

POLITICAL EVENTS, 1854-1860.

1854.

An event which took place in Columbus on July 13 of this year, is memor- able as the beginning of a recast in both State and National politics. It was a meeting at which delegates were present from all parts of Ohio, and which was known in the current phrase of that day as an Anti-Nebraska State Convention. The date of its occurrence was the sixtyseventh anniversary of adoption of the Ordinance of 1787, containing a prohibition of slavery in the Northwest Terri- tory. It was the beginning of the Republican party. In order that its discus- sion may come in proper historical sequence, some events -which preceded it will first be mentioned.

The Democratie State Convention of the year assembled on Saturday, Janu- ary 7, Matthew Burchard presiding, and was addressed by William Allen, George E. Pugh, George W. Morgan, and William Medill. It nominated Shepherd F. Norris, of Clermont County, for Supreme Court Judge, and Alexander P. Miller, of Butler, for Member of the Board of Publie Works, and appointed the following State Central Committee: S. S. Cox, chairman; James H. Smith, secretary ; Washington MeLean, Hamilton ; Amos Layman, Washington ; John Sheridan, Ashland ; William Parr, Licking; R. S. Cunningham, Preble ; W. D. Morgan, Columbiana ; J. G. Haley, Henry ; Frederick Fieser and H. S. Knapp, Franklin. The usual banquet in honor of the New Orleans victory took place on the even- ing of the seventh, at the American House. On March 3, George E. Pugh was nominated for National Senator by the Democratic caucus of the General Assem- bly. The tide of anti-slavery sentiment was at this time rapidly developing, and had already acquired sufficient strength to give direction to the current of politi- eal events. The Kansas-Nebraska bill repealing the Missouri compromise aet of 1820, gave it an enormous impetus. That bill was reported to the National Senate by Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, in January ; on February 14, a meeting of citi- zens opposed to the measure was held at the First Presbyterian Church. At this meeting J. R. Swan presided and resolutions were adopted deelaring that the aet of March 6, 1820, forbidding slavery north of latitude 36:30 was a solemn eom- pact between the North and South ; that the North had complied with it in letter and spirit ; that the compromises of 1850 would be sustained; that the compro- mise of 1820 was not superseded by or inconsistent with that of 1850; that the Nebraska bill was an outrage, and that further agitation of the slavery question was greatly to be deplored.

On April 3, an Anti-Nebraska meeting of Germanborn citizens was held at Hessenauer's Hall. John P. Bruck was chairman, Thomas Lindenberg was see-

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POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1854-1860.

retary, and Otto Dresel, Charles Languth, John G. Becket, M. Fassig and L. W. Wirth were members of the committee on resolutions. The Douglas bill was denounced.

A State Convention held March 22, to protest against the Nebraska bill, was addressed by D. K. Cartter, Jacob Brinkerhoff, S. P. Chase and R. P. Spalding. Letters from Thomas Ewing, B. F. Wade and Charles Reemelin were read, and resolutions, reported from committee by John W. Andrews, were adopted. Dur- ing the meeting, which was held in the Town Street Methodist Church, several persons, including Representative Allen, of Brown County, were severely injured by the fall of a stairway.

We come now to the State Convention mentioned at the beginning of this chapter. Its preliminary sittings were held in the City Hall, its later ones at Neil's Hall. Its delegates comprised many Democrats and Freesoilers, as well as Whigs, who were opposed to the Nebraska measure. Benjamin F. Leiter, of Stark County, with whose name we have become familiar in connection with the legislative deadlock of 1848-9, presided. Joseph R. Swan, of Columbus, was nom- inated for Supreme Court Judge, and Jacob Blickensderfer, Junior, of Tuscarawas County, for Member of the Board of Public Works. The committee on resolutions comprised the following members, one for each congressional district : Benjamin Eggleston, James Elliott, David Heaton, T. Cunningham, J. J. Paul, William Alli- son, W. H. P. Denny, J. Corwin, Homer Elliott, E. Nye, Joshua R. Giddings, Henry B. Carrington, Joseph Root, Norton S. Townshend, Joseph W. Vance, Davis Green, John Davenport, E. N. Sill, Rufus P. Spalding, George F. Brown and Ephraim R. Eckley. The resolutions adopted, after reciting the slavery pro- hibition in the Ordinance of 1787, and announcing a determination to " labor assiduously to render inoperative and void " that portion of the Kansas . Nebraska bill which abolished freedom in the territories, as well as to oppose " by every lawful and constitutional means every further increase of slave territory," declared concurrence in " the recommendation of the people of Michigan," that " there should be a general convention of the free States, and such of the slaveholding States or portions thereof," as might desire to be represented, with a view to adop- tion of more effective measures to resist the encroachments of slavery. To obtain concurrence from other States in holding the national convention thus suggested, a correspondence committee of five persons was appointed. The members of this committee were Henry B. Carrington, of Columbus, and J. H. Baker, of Chilli- cothe, Whigs ; Joseph R. Swan, of Columbus, and R. P. Spalding, of Cleveland, Democrats, and J. V. Coulter, of Columbus, Freesoiler. For the new political coalition thus begun the name Republican was suggested, but Messrs. Townshend, Root and Paul objected to the adoption of any party name as premature, and their arguments prevailed. In the election reports of the ensuing October the fusion was variously mentioned as American Reform, Anti-Nebraska, Know Nothing, Whigand Know Nothing, and also, occasionally, as Republican. Judge Swan, the nominee of the convention, was elected by a phenomenal majority of over 80,000.

On August 1, of this year, the anniversary of emancipation in the West Indies was celebrated by the colored people of Columbus. A creditable proces- sion marehed down Third Street to Monnd, up Mound to High, up High to Gay, down Gay to Front, and out Front to Goodale Park, where addresses were deliv- ered and a dinner was served. The orators of the occasion were William J. Watkins and Rev. W. Skelton.

1855.

The Democratic State Convention assembled on January 8 in the City Hall, C. L. Vallandigham temporarily and Henry B. Payne permanently presiding. A

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HISTORY OF THE CITY OF COLUMBUS.

letter from Hon. Allen G. Thurman was read, declining renomination for Supreme Court Judge. The nominations were as follows : Governor, William Medill ; Lieutenant-Governor, James Myers, of Lucas ; Supreme Court Judges, William Kennon, of Belmont, and R. B. Warden, of Franklin ; Auditor, William D. Morgan, Columbiana ; Treasurer. John G. Breslin, Seneca ; Secretary of State, William Trevitt, Franklin ; Attorney-General, G. W. McCook, Jefferson ; Board of Public Works. James B. Steedman, Lucas. A long series of resolutions was adopted, demanding revision of the tariff of 1846 so as to reduce the revenue (of which the Treasury then had a surplus) and exclude bounties ; restoration of gold and silver currency ; acquisition of Cuba and the Sandwich Islands ; declaring slavery an evil to be mitigated and finally eradicated ; affirming the " equal and independent sovereignty " of each State; and insisting upon the equal protection of all citizens, native and naturalized. The usual anniversary festival was held in the evening, at the American House, Hon. George E. Pugh presiding. Ad- dresses were delivered by H. B. Payne, R. P. Ranney, S. Medary, S. S. Cox, II. J. Jewett, G. W. McCook, D. P. Leadbetter and George W. Morgan.

One of the salient features of this year's politics is indicated by the following from the Ohio Statesman of April 6:

The Murderous Triangle! The pavements of our city, especially the corners of our streets, were found to be thickly strewn yesterday morning with the Murderous Red Triangle pieces of paper used by the Know Nothing Councils, and distributedI at midnight. . . . These red triangles are warnings of danger ; every Know Nothing is, upon their appearance upon the corners of the streets and alleys, to rush to his Council armed for defense, even to Murder.

An alleged secret Democratic organization, intended as an offset to the Know Nothing order, was called, in current political slang, the Sag Nichts-a corrup- tion of German words Sage Nichts, Angl. Say Nothing. The existence of such a society was stontly denied.

The American (Kuow Nothing) State Convention, comprising about five hundred delegates, assembled on June 5, at Cleveland. Its resolutions denounced the repeal of the Missouri Compromise ; declared that slavery was local, not national ; opposed all political organizations exclusively of foreignborn persons and insisted upon twentyone years residence as a prerequisite to citizenship. An American National Convention was held at Philadelphia June 14, for conference. Many of its delegates refused to submit to what was termed proslavery dictation, and withdrew.

On July 13 a fusion state convention was held similar to that of the same date during the year before. It was attended by delegates representing the dif- ferent Anti Nebraska elements in all parts of Ohio. Its place of meeting was the Town Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Of the inside history of this historic assemblage the author has been favored by one of its principal participants, Hon. Oren Follett, with an interesting account which is reproduced in the next chapter.

The convention held its preliminary sitting commencing at ten o'clock A. M. Benjamin S. Cowen, of Belmont, was named as temporary chairman, and W. B. Allison, of Ashland, and J. S. Herrick, of Portage, as temporary secretaries. In the permanent organization John Sherman was appointed chairman, and R. W. Raezliff an additional secretary. Early in the proceedings selection was made of the following Committee on Resolutions: J. M. Mitchel, William Schouler, D. W. Iddings, Justin Hamilton, W. A. Hunter, David Fagen, A. H. Dunlevy, Benjamin Stanton, C. K. Watson, E. Nigh, A. Thomson, J. W. Andrews, F. D. Parrish, H. E. Peck, George W. True, C. B. Tompkins, Hugh Forsyth, Thomas Earl, R. P. Spalding, J. R. Giddings and James Robertson. Pending the morning business Hon. L. D. Campbell was requested to address the convention and said :1

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POLITICAL EVENTS ; 1854-1860.

This day is illustrious in the annals of our history. It is second only to that one when the Declaration was proclaimed to the world that all men were born free and equal. He referred to the early history of the slave question under our National Government. The sentiments of Jefferson and the early statesmen were referred to. But now how changed ! Look at the position of Georgia and South Carolina today, taking steps to extend this institu- tion into territories which by solemn compact were declared to be dedicated to freedom, by the force of the revolver and the Bowie knife. He felt no desire to disturb slavery where it existed by state law, but beyond that we could not and ought not to go. The spirit, if not the express terms of the Constitution, contemplated the diminution and final eradication of slavery. llow has it been in practice ? We know it has been increasing and extending. Disregarding all agreements and compromises, however solemnly made, the South has broken over the barriers, and has extended slavery over new and vast tracts of our common country. Will the North tamely subinit to these things ? Can it without dishonor ? . . . He referred to the action of the slave power which vetoed the bill to improve rivers and harbors, and at the same time paid ten millions of dollars to purchase the Mesilla Valley. We must put an end to these things. We must stop these encroachments upon our equal rights. He did not desire to make war npon the South, but he felt it very important to go into a war of extermin- ation upon the doughfaces of the North. Here is the field of our labor. Here we can be felt.

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History of the city of Columbus, capital of Ohio, Volume II, Part 54

Author: Lee, Alfred Emory, 1838-; W. W. Munsell & Co Publication date: 1892 Publisher: New York and Chicago : Munsell & Co. Number of Pages: 1196

Author: Lee, Alfred Emory, 1838-; W. W. Munsell & Co
Publication date: 1892
Publisher: New York and Chicago : Munsell & Co.
Number of Pages: 1196