USA > Ohio > The Ohio blue book; or, Who's who in the Buckeye state; a cyclopedia of biography of men and women of Ohio > Part 116
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HEIDELBERG UNIVERSITY, located at Tiffin, Ohio, is one of the oldest institu- tions of learning in the Middle West. It was opened to students on November 11, 1850. The school was established and has been fostered by the Reformed Church in the United States. While attached to a religious denomination, the institution is in no sense sectarian. Its courses are liberal and students of all religious be- liefs receive equal considération and equal opportunities.
This institution, as now organized, in- cludes the College of Liberal Arts. the Academy, the Department of Pedagogy, the Department of Oratory, the Conserva- tory of Music. and the Art Department. The Commercial Department has been re- cently discontinued.
This institution has done faithful work throughout the years, turning out annu- ally those who have done much to ad- vance the work of the world, not only in Ohio, but throughout the length and breadth of the United States. During the past few years under the direction of its energetic President, Charles E. Miller, it has taken wonderful strides not only in the increased attendance of students but also in the general equipment of the in- stitution and the standards of work done. Heidelberg is one of the standard col- leges in Ohio belonging, ever since its organization, to The Ohio College Asso- ciation. Heidelberg is also a member of the North Central Association of Col- leges and Secondary Schools. In 1901, when Persident Miller assumed the office of President, there were five buildings, eight acres of campus, an annual budget of $13,700, and an enrollment of 314. In 1917 there are ten buildings, twenty acres of campus, an annual budget of about $45,000, and an enrollment of nearly 700.
Among the buildings recently erected are Williard Hall, one of the best equipped Women's buildings in the Middle West; a new Science building, and a new Library building. These three buildings have had a wonderful influence in transforming the life and work of the institution.
The Conservatory of Music has in the past few years also made wonderful prog- ress. The methods employed both in voice and on the organ, piano and violin. are the most modern and progressive and there is no doubt but that the character of work now being done in this depart- ment is deserving of the great apprecia- tion already manifested by the rapid in- crease in students.
This institution is aiming to give a thorough preparation for life's responsi- bilities, laying deep the foundations of culture. It seeks to send young men and women out into the world not only equipped with knowledge but also estab- lished in moral principle. It does not pretend to do what it is not equipped to
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do. It is not a technical school; but much of the work done at technical schools of engineering, etc., in the first two years can be done profitably at Heidelberg, at a lower expense and amid better moral surroundings.
The standards of Heidelberg are every- where recognized and her credits have been received without question when taken for advance work at Yale, Harvard. Co- lumbia, Chicago, and other universities of similar rank. The institution has a pecu- liar field in Northwestern Ohio since no school of similar standards and having the same general purposes is found in that part of the State.
A movement is now on to enlarge the endowment, erect a new men's dormitory and to provide a modern gymnasium. When these objects have been attained the future of this institution will indeed be bright.
DEFIANCE COLLEGE, located at Defiance, fifty miles southwest of Toledo, is one of the youngest, as well as one of the most progressive colleges of Ohio. Al- though by special act of the general as- sembly of the state in 1850 an institu- tion known as the Defiance Female Sem- inary had been incorporated, and a large college building had been erected in 1SS4. various attempts to conduct a school of learning had ended in failure. So that the history of Defiance College really be- gins in 1902, when, under the enthusiastic leadership of Rev. P. W. McReynolds, D. D., the newly elected president, the school was reopened (with five teachers and thirty-three students) an active campaign to raise $30,000 for endowment and equip- ment was begun, the charter was changed from the Defiance Female Seminary to the Defiance College. and the new insti- tution was brought under the fostering care of the Ohio State Christian Associa- tion.
Since that time the growth has been uniform and rapid. Instead of five in- structors, the faculty now numbers twenty- five, university-trained teachers; instead of thirty-three students the last annual enrollment (including the summer school) was 602 different students; instead of one building on the campus there are now six, four large college buildings, a President's residence costing $7,000, and a modern cell- tral heating plant just completed at a cost of nearly $20,000. In 1902 the total value of building, equipment. lands, and endow- ment, was about $35.000. now the resources of Defiance College amount to more than half a million dollars.
In 1907 the Christian Biblical Institute, a theological seminary located at Stan- fordville. New York, was removed to the campus of Defiance College, where the two institutions worked in close affilia- tion and hearty cooperation together until 1916, when they were united, the Christian Biblical Institute taking the name of the Christian Divinity School.
At the present time Defiance College in- cludes the following departments: the Divinity School the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, the Department of Music, the Department of Education, the Household Arts Department, and the Preparatory and Commercial Departments. Its work has been fully approved by the State Department of Public Instruction, and it enjoys cooperative relations with several universities such that combination arts and professional courses are offered.
The College has sought to meet the edu- cational needs of that part of the state in which it is situated, and it has wielded a wholesome educational influence through- out Northwestern Ohio as well as within the denomination which it represents. From the beginning the institution has emphasized the importance of high in- tellectual standards of wholesome Chris- tian ideals with careful attention to stu- dent discipline and of making it possible for the student of moderate means to se- cure educational training. That the col- lege has been successful in maintaining these high standards is the enthusiastic testimony of those who are acquainted with its present character and achieve- ment.
Of course. the real test of the efficiency of Defiance College will not be found in the testimony of friends nor in material equipment. but in the hundreds of stu- dents whom it has trained for service, and especially in those who have grad- uated, for an educational institution shall be known by its alumni. A study of the list of graduates of Defiance College and of the Divinity School (since it has been located at Defiance) reveals some inter- esting facts. Out of the total number of graduates of these institutions, which is 192. 28 are married women, 38 are min- isters or missionaries and 101 are teach- ers. In other words fourteen per cent of the graduates are homemakers, twenty per cent are ministers and nearly fifty- three per cent are teachers. Thus an un- usually large per cent of the alumni hold positions of large and positive influence.
TOLEDO UNIVERSITY. Toledo University, the Municipal University of Toledo, Ohio, was founded in 1872 as the Toledo Uni- versity of Arts and Trades by Jessup D). Scott. who bequeathed to the University several tracts of land among which was a quarter section lving just outside of the city limits. In 1884 the University was established as a Municipal University and in 1909 was re-organized. Since the date of its re-organization the University has had a steady development. Its in- come from taxation has been increased from $3,000 to approximately $143,000 per year. It now has six colleges; the College of Arts and Sciences, the Teachers' Col- lege. College of Commerce and Business, College of Industrial Sciences, College of Law and the College of Pharmacy. In two of these colleges. the Law and Phar- macy, a modest tuition fee is charged while the other colleges are practically free. The attendance has grown from about one hundred to over one thousand students. The instructional staff now numbers twenty-three full time instruc- tors and fortv-three part time instructors.
The University is under the control of a Board of Directors of nine members, three appointed for a term of six years every two years. The President of the Board of Directors is William H. Tucker, the Secretary, J. Gazzam Mackenzie. The administrative officers of the University are A. Monroe Stowe, Ph. D., President; A. W. Trettien, Ph. D., Acting-Dean of the Teachers' College: T. L. Kibler. Ph. D., Dean of the College of Commerce and Business: F. H. Evans. M. A .. Dean of the College of Industrial Science; A. B. Cohn. LL. B., Dean of the College of Law; W. McK. Reed. Ph. G .. Dean of the Col- lege of Pharmacy. and Robert N. Wliite- ford, Ph. D .. Director of Graduate Study.
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THE OHIO BLUE BOOK
Ohio City Organizations
CLEVELAND, when the 1910 census was taken. was the sixth city in the United States in point of population with 560,663 inhabitants. Conservative estimates of the population the first of 1917 placed the figure between 700,000 and 800,000. Those figures speak for the rapidity of its growth. Proof of the healthy, stable na- ture of its expansion is found in its rank- ing among American cities on the basis of output of manufactured products. The the inanufacturing census as well as
capita census shows Cleveland sixth city.
Manufacturing advantages. Those two words epitomize the reasons for its growth in the past and its confidence that the 1920 census figures will show a million inhabitants.
Situated at the mouth of the Cuyahoga river and on the banks of Lake Erie, with seven trunk railway lines running through its heart. Cleveland has easy access to materials and markets. to complement its location and transportation facilities it rightfully boasts low costs of water sup- ply, fuel and power and good factory sites and buildings; first-class banking facili- ties; a plentiful supply of good labor and good living conditions for labor; reason- able taxes and efficient municipal service.
Cleveland's market is readily appreciable when one realizes that more than one- half of the total population of the United States and Canada lies within a radius of 500 miles of the sixth city and trains bring you to Cleveland over night from the Mississippi river or the Atlantic sea- board.
Reaching out by water and rail Cleve- land easily draws in from nearby sources great supplies of iron ore, copper, stone, lumber. hides. oils, wool and other raw materials. Huge furnaces which rear their red heads along the banks of river and lake mark the great trysting places where coal from the greatest soft coal de- posits in the world meets iron ore from the greatest iron ore deposits. This con- tinual merging of the minerals from the Lake Superior region and the Pennsyl- vania, West Virginia and Ohio mines has made Cleveland a pig-iron center. And the manufacture of finished and semi- finished steel products is increasing rapidly.
Some of the elements which facilitate transportation are a nineteen mile belt line encircling the city and connecting with each of the seven trunk line roads; thirty-nine freight stations which cut drayage cost and delay down to the mini- mum; six electric interurban railway sys- tems all of which carry express and two of which carry freight; overnight boat freight service to Detroit and Buffalo and general lake freight service which brings about a rate on rail freight lower than inland cities.
The thrift of the Clevelander and his prosperity is shown by a $353 per capita savings deposit figure and the fact that savings deposits alone in Cleveland banks in January. 1917. reached a quarter of a billion. The Fourth District Federal Re- serve Bank is located in Cleveland.
Bankers attribute the great stability of local financial conditions to the diversity of Cleveland industries which causes a
temporary depression in any one class of industries to be offset by the prosperity in other lines.
This diversity of industry. too, is re- sponsible for the fact that Cleveland has an excellent supply of high-grade labor at all times without much unemployment even in times of industrial depression. Some idea of this diversity can be gained from a list of a few of the products in the manufacture of which Cleveland either leads the country or takes high rank. i. e., dry batteries, electric carbons, nuts and bolts, wire and nails, astronomical instru- ments, automobiles and automobile parts, women's outer garments, ships, sheet metals, metal stamping, oils, paints and varnishes, tools, stoves, knit goods, hoist- ing and conveying machinery, electric lamps, cigars, chemicals, carriage liard- ware, paper boxes, drop forgings, castings and printing.
Lake Erie assures Cleveland a comfort- able climate and its death rate is lower than that of any other city in the world with a population over 500.000. Slightly less than half the homes in the city are owned by their inhabitants and
the "roomy" layout of the metropolis leaves practically no area of congestion.
The park and boulevard system-twenty- two hundred acres of parks and forty- three miles of boulevards-is dotted with playgrounds and athletic fields, municipal- ly upkept. which keep a great proportion of the city's people out-of-doors in health- ful pastime during their recreation hours. Three big colleges are situated in Cleve- land-Case School of Applied Science, Western Reserve University and St. Ig- natius College (Catholic).
The public school system, superintended by the highest salaried school executive in the country, comprises two technical high schools, two commercial high schools, eleven academic high schools besides an adequate grammar school system, sup- plemented by a large number of parochial schools, night schools and training schools maintained by the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. A main library and forty-two branches circulate over 550,000 volumes. Branch libraries are installed in industrial establishments.
Civics students point to Cleveland as the best governed American city-graft- free and politically clean. The government is under a home rule charter which cen- ters responsibility largely in the mayor who is elected. The policing and fire pre- vention facilities rank the city well up among the leaders. The roominess of the city which makes for homeiness also makes itself felt in the absence of dan- ger of any serious conflagration. This roominess is again apparent in the streets which are exceptionally broad and straight. Five hundred and sixty miles of streets are paved and $3.000,000 is going into pav- ing in 1917. The street railway system, though privately owned. is under munici- pal supervision and passengers are carried inside the city for a three cent fare.
A municipal electric light plant supplies the home owner with light current at three cents a kilowatt hour and the fac- tory with power current at lower rates.
The city founded in 1796 by Moses Cleve-
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land and which claimed distinction for Years solely because of Euclid avenue's beautiful lawns and arching elms in this one hundred and twenty-first year of its life asks the world to know it by the paradoxical appellation. "The City of Factories and Homes," rather
than its old pseudonym, The Forest City.
CLEVELAND BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS.
Cleveland has two business organizations, The Cleveland Chamber of Commerce with officers as follows: Charles A. Otis, President; E. R. Grasselli, 1st Vice Presi- dent: J. C. Brainard, 2nd Vice President; J. R. Kraus, Treasurer; Munson Havens, Secretary.
The Cleveland Chamber of Industry (Iii- corporated) with the following officers and directors: Manning F. Fisher, President; Irving C. Geist and Bernard Miller. Vice Presidents; Charles L. Wasmer, Treas .; A. E. Hyre, Secretary. Directors: F. Philip Dorn. J. A. Dennerle, Wm. J. Becker, E. D. Maurer, J. B. McCrea, H. G. Schaefer, Jno. N. Hahn. J. D. McDonald. Jas. T. Miskell, Wm. Hughes, W. R. Coates, Chas. Kamp. W. H. Fay. Jno. H. Cox, J. II. Hildebrandt.
CINCINNATI CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
The Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce is the great business organization of Cin- cinnati. It has about 3,000 members, who represent practically the entire local com- mercial and professional field.
The Chamber of Commerce is one of the oldest organizations in the city. It was established in 1839. This association of business men has a long and honorable record for the things it has accomplished for Cincinnati and in the interests of business.
Such terms as "efficiency" and "scien- tific management" have recently appeared in our vocabulary. It is obvious that this tendency to efficiency in business should affect the methods not only of business or of factory. but also of voluntary or- ganizations. Commercial associations are adopting the efficiency idea in the conduct of their activities.
This new kind of organization is typi- fied in the Cincinnati Chamber of Com- merce. Today. instead of the work being done through committees of members, able to give only their spare time to the subjects under discussion, a different plan is followed. In order that careful in- Vestigation in anv subject may be made and proper consideration given to each side of each subject, a staff of experts in special lines has been established. Their services are at the command of the various committees composed of members of the Chamber of Commerce.
Thus by bringing together in one or- ganization over 3,000 men from many walks of life, there has been developed a great central organization which is constantly increasing in value and influ- ence in the community. As small and isolated organizations become subsidiary groups in this large central body, waste- ful duplication of effort is eliminated. and they secure influence which formerly was lacking.
Careful consideration of the big com- munity problems and a policy of deliber- ate but firm action distinguishes the Cin- cinnati Chamber of Commerce. Questions of all sorts affecting business and com- munity interests are here considered. Various sorts
of service are rendered, from the manifold activities of the civic and industrial department and the secur- ing of conventions, to the official weigh- ing and grading of hay and grain for the city of Cincinnati.
The Chamber of Commerce used to occupy its own building at the southwest corner of Fourth and Vine Streets. This was a most beautiful Gothic structure de- signed by Richardson. the famous archi- tect. It was destroyed by fire in 1911. The Chamber has an equity of $600,000 in the site upon which this building stood, and where the Union Central Building now stands. In this thirty-four story build- ing. opened in 1913, the Chamber of Com- merce now has its quarters. The second and third floors are thus occupied. Here are to be found one of the few "exchanges" conducted by Chambers of Commerce; here are located the executive office and the many departments.
The exchange hall is the meeting place for business men. Here is posted infor- mation of various sorts-news bulletins, quotations of stock exchanges, and so forth. Here the members of the Cham- ber come for general meetings. Here they buy and sell. At present the principal commodities handled are grain and hay. Formerly many other articles were deait in. but with the advent of the telephone and other modern instruments of busi- ness, the harter on the exchange has been limited practically to grain and hay. com- modities that are bought by sample. The exchange is not a stock exchange. Actual transactions only take place. There is no dealing in margins or futures or in stocks or bonds.
The many activities of the great or- ganization are centered in thirteen de- partments as follows: Auditing and Pur- chasing Department, Civic and Industrial Department, Convention and Publicity Department, Exchange Hall, Foreign
Trade Department, Inspection Depart- ment, Legal Department, Membership De- partment, Retail Merchants' Department, Statistical Department, Trade Expansion Department, Traffic Department, Weighing Department.
There are many subsidiary and several affiliated organizations. The activities in- clude perhaps a wider range than those of any other Chamber of Commerce in the country. Hardly any definite forward movement is made without the coopera- tion of this institution. Its influence upon commerce and industry is more than lo- cal. and indeed for many years it has been felt throughout the country.
The Officers of the Chamber of Com- merce for 1917 are A. Clifford Shinkle, President of the Central Trust and Safe Deposit Company, and the Covington and Cincinnati Bridge Company, President; Ralph A. Tingle, special agent of tlie Standard Oil Company of Ohio, First Vice President; Luke W. Smith. President and Treasurer of Charles E. Smith & Sons Company, Second Vice President: J. E. McClain. Secretary and Treasurer of the Jos. R. Peebles Sons Company, Secretary; Bernard H. Wess, of the B. H. Wess Grain and Coal Company, Treasurer; W. C. Cul- kins, Executive Secretary, and the fol- lowing Directors: James A. Reilly, Joseph D. Engelbert, Dwight Hinckley, Frank E. French, Robert W. Pogue, C. L. Harrison, C. S. Bailey, M. W. Mack, S. A. Eberle. and S. R. Meyer.
THE COLUMBUS CHAMBER OF COM- MERCE. Columbus. the capital city of the State of Ohio. the largest city in the world bearing the name of the discovercr of the Western Hemisphere, is a natural center of industry. being located in the midst of a vast agricultural section, a natural shipping center as well as the central point of a wide area of raw prod- ucts.
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With the best water system and tlie purest water of any city in America, the best sewage disposal plant, Columbus to- day has an enviable record in low death rate. With the best housing code in America, a fine street car system. level streets, beautiful parks, elegant homes, unusually healthful and safe conditions, Columbus is an ideal home city.
In a commercial way it is a bee hive of industry, having 949 manufacturing plants, producing 10,000 different articles under 2235 different classes. These indus- tries employ at least 35,000 people and produce $85.000.000 worth of products an- nually. The total capital invested in these plants exceeds $75,000.000.
Columbus is famed for its manufactur- ing of mining and conveying machinery; contractor's equipment, shoes, l'egalia, steel castings. couches. tile. dental sup- plies, piano stools. paints and varnishes. steel cars, oilcloth, carriages and wagons. and ten thousand other products shipped to every state in the Union. The railroad repair shops of the Pennsylvania and Hocking Valley railroads are located in Columbus employing thousands of men.
The City is also largely represented by the following: Meat packing, foundry and machine shops, lumber and planing mills, flour mills, printing and publishing, boots and shoes, tobacco, railroad shops, baker- ies, blast furnaces. butter and cheese, furniture, petroleum refining. electric ap- paratus, knit goods; tin and sheet iron, gas, illuminating and heating, canning and preserving, brass and bronze, agricultural implements, patent medicines, confection- ery, cars, steam railroad chemicals, mar- ble and stone, leather goods.
The recent rapid commercial develop- ment of Columbus is due to a large extent to the progressiveness of the citizenship, the leaders of which co-operate through the Chamber of Commerce; and which 01 - ganization claims the distinction of reach- ing out into as many fields of community activity as any organization of any kind in the world, and which also contributes directly though diversely to national de- velopment.
Besides being a constituent member of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States. and voicing for the business men of the central section of the state and for the Capital City of Ohio their opinions and suggestions in national business coun- cils. the Columbus Chamber of Commerce is represented in the National Associa- tion of Manufacturers. national and for- eign trade councils and conventions, and the National Industrial Traffic League.
Thus does the Columbus Chamber make an effort not only to keep its hand on the commercial pulse of the nation but sup- plementary to its local activities to add to that pulse.
This Chamber has been instrumental in the organization and maintenance of a Columbus Chapter. American Red Cross; Columbus Branch, National Safety Coun- cil, and has been identified with the Co- lumbus Boy Scout Movement.
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