USA > Pennsylvania > Erie County > History of Erie county, Pennsylvania. Containing a history of the county; its townships, towns, villages schools, churches, industries, etc > Part 56
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United States Navy .- Regular officers, R. B. Lowry, Thomas H. Stev- ens, R. N. Spotts, James E. Jouett, James W. Shirk, Leonard Paulding, D. Lanman, Napoleon Collins.
Chief Engineer-William H. Rutherford.
Surgeon-W. Maxwell Wood.
Assistant Paymasters-J. P. Loomis, Walter W. Chester, George A. Lyon.
Volunteer Service. - Masters-John H. Welsh, M. J. Cronen, James C. Marshall, Jr.
Ensigns -A. J. Louch, M. E. Flannigan, Patrick Donnelly, William Slo- cum, James Hunter, George W. Bone, Felix McCann, Philip Englehart, James S. Roberts, C. M. Bragg, John Dunlap, Frank Oliver, James Downs, J. M. Reed, John Sullivan, Norman McCloud, Warren Burch, - Reed, - Reed, Patrick Murphy, Braxton Bragg.
Engineers-Patrick Maloney, Robert Riley, William Bass, Bennett Jones, P. H. Fales, Jonas Slocum, William Moran, John Miles, Georgs Odell.
Gunners-John Murray , William Barton, Thomas Carpenter.
Carpenters -- J. G. Thomas, John O. Baker.
Masters Mates-Patrick Sullivan, Horace Sprague, Robert Roberts, Thomas J. Dunlap, William Marsh, Henry C. Warren, William E. Leonard, Jesse M. Rutherford, Joseph K. Kelso, James Cummins, Henry Van Velsor.
Revenue Service .- Douglass Ottinger.
United States Army .- Regular officers-Gen. Reno, H. B. Fleming, Josiah Kellogg, W. W. Lyon.
Paymaster-A. McDowell Lyon.
Quartermaster-E. C. Wilson.
Volunteer Service .- A. F. Swan, Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry; Lockwood Caughey, Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry; William McAllister, Twelfth Penn- sylvania Cavalry; T. J. Hoskinson, Fifty-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry.
Paymasters-Allen A. Craig, S. V. Holliday, Gideon J. Ball, Henry C. Rogers, John W. Walker.
476
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
Quartermaster-Robert C. Caughey.
Surgeons-J. L. Stewart, Thomas H. Stuart.
The above is far from full, and may be incorrect in some respects.
The lamented Gen. Reno was appointed to West Point through the influence of Hon. John Galbraith. His father was once in business at the Erie docks. S. Todd Perley served during a good part of the war, by appointment of Gov. Curtin, as State Agent to assist the sick and wounded in hospital at Washington.
COUNTY FINANCES IN CONNECTION WITH THE WAP.
The following are extracts from the records of the County Commissioners during and immediately following the war.
1861-April 22-The sum of $10,000 of the county funds set apart for the support of such persons as shall enlist in support of the Government.
1862-August 5-A bounty of $50 voted to each person who will volunteer to make up the quota of 500 men required from Erie County to make up the call of the President.
September 10-The quota being full and a large excess of volunteers in the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment; the resolution offering a bounty of $50 extended to all who may hereafter form the Eighty-third, One Hundred and Eleventh and One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiments, or Thomas Len- non's Cavalry Company, to be credited to Erie County.
1863-December 14-A bounty of $300 voted to each person who shall volunteer to the credit of Erie County, so as to avoid the draft fixed for the 5th of January, warrants to be issued for the purpose drawing interest, redeemable at the will of the County Commissioners in county ecrip, at par without interest.
1864 -- February 9-The bounty of $300 extended, under the same condi- tions as above.
April 5-County scrip signed to date, $190,800.
March 14-Rate of bounty tax fixed at 20 mills on the dollar of valuation. Amount levied, $93,652.
March 22-The bounty of $300 continued till the quota of Erie County is full; provided. that if a local bounty is offered by any ward, borough or town- ship, the county will only pay so much in addition as will make the eum of $300.
June 7-Record made that the injunction asked for by James C. Marshall against the issue of the county scrip had been denied by Judge Derrickson.
December 15-The other banks of Erie having refused to receive the county scrip on deposit, arrangements made by which it will be received by the Key- stone National Bank at par.
A tax of $35,000 levied to redeem county scrip.
1865-January 9-Rate of county bounty tax fixed at 3 per cent on the val- uation. Amount levied $171,867.
October 2-Tax to the amount of $12,000 levied to pay interest on scrip and bounty warrants.
December 27-The rate of county bounty tax fixed at 15 mills on the valu- ation. Amount levied $88, 643.
1866-January 2-Burned $74,891 of the county scrip.
1867-January 7-Burned $54,532 of county scrip.
April 1-Burned $25,000 of county scrip.
1870-October 4-Estimate of county expenses: To replace scrip burned by Auditors for 1869, $14,800; to redeem county scrip yet outstanding, $3,700.
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479
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
The above is all that is to be found in the minute book of the Commission- ers relating to the subject.
PRICES COMPARED.
The following table of retail prices, compiled from the Erie papers, shows how the cost of living advanced in consequence of the war:
ARTICLES.
JANUARY 1, 1862.
MARCH 12, 1864.
SEPTEMBER 14, 1865.
Flour, per barrel
$5.00 @ 6 00
$7.50 @ 8 00
$10.50 @ 11 00
Wheat, per bushel ..
1 10
1.40 @ 1 60
1.80 @ 2 40
Corn, per bushel.
40
1 20
75 @ 80
Rye, per bushel
60
1 25
1 00
Oats, per bushel.
30
75
50
Barley, per bushel.
40 @, 50
1 25
75 @ 1 00
Clover seed, per bushel.
4.00 @ 4 25
14.00 @ 15 00
Timothy seed, per bushel.
2 00
6 00
Flax seed, per bushel
87
2 00
1 75
Potatoes, per bushel.
37}
60 @ 75
40 @ 50
Beans per bushel.
1 25
2.00 @ 2 25
1.50 @ 2 00
Dried apples, per bushel.
1 50
per lb 25 @ 80
2 00
Butter, per pound
15
16
80 @ 35
28 @ 30
Lard, per pound
8 @
10
25 @ 28
$20
Cheese, per pound.
5 @,
6
12 @ 15
14 @ 16
Ham, per pound .
7 @
8
15 @ 16
25 @ 28
Shoulder, per pound.
6
12
20
Eggs, per dozen.
10 @ 12
20 @ 23
20 @ 22
Hard wood, per cord
2.00 @ 2 50
7 00
Soft wood, per cord
2 00
4 00
THE ERIE REGIMENT-THREE MONTHS.
This regiment was recruited under a call issued on the 21st of April, 1861, by Capt. John W. MeLane, who had served in the Mexican war, and at the breaking-out of the rebellion was in command of the Wayne Guard at Erie. Twelve hundred men responded to the call in four days, of whom ten companies of seventy-seven men each were accepted. The regiment was mainly recruited from Erie and Crawford Counties. It went into camp on a piece of vacant ground in Erie City, on the east side of Parade street, near the intersection of Sixth, which was duly christened Camp Wayne. Field officers were elected on the 27th of April. The regiment proceeded by rail to Pittsburgh on Wednesday, May 1, and camped along the Allegheny River a short distance above the city. Being the first organized regiment that had reached the city, it was received with much curiosity and enthusiasm, and the people vied with each other in deeds of kindness to both officers and men. After six weeks spent in idleness at Camp Wilkins, as its first quarters were known, the regi- ment was moved to Hulton Station, twelve miles further up the Allegheny, where a general rendezvous had been established for the troops of Western Pennsyl- vania, under the name of Camp Wright. Here the men received muskete and were carefully drilled, but labored under much disadvantage in target prac- tice for want of suitable ammunition. The term of enlistment of the regi- ment expired without its having been mustered into the United States service. It returned to Erie on the 20th of July, much to the disgust of both officers and men, who were in dead earnest to render some service to their country.
The following were the principal officers of the regiment:
480
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonel-John W. McLane.
Lieutenant Colonel-Benjamin Grant.
Major -- M. Schlaudecker. Adjutant-Strong Vincent. Quartermaster-S. B. Benson.
Surgeon-J. L. Stewart.
COMPANY A-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
1
1
1
Captain-T. M. Austin. First Lieutenant-A. McD. Lyon. Second Lieutenant-Strong Vincent. Second Lieutenant-William E. Bates.
COMPANY B-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captain-Hiram L. Brown.
First Lieutenant-James F. Wittich.
First Lieutenant-D. B. McCreary.
Second Lieutenant -- John M. Clark.
COMPANY C-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captain -- John Graham. First Lieutenant-A. E. Yale.
Second Lieutenant-C. P. Rogers.
COMPANY D-RECRUITED AT CONNEAUTVILLE.
Captain-J. L. Dunn.
First Lieutentenant-J. W. Patton.
Second Lieutenant-I. S. Krick.
COMPANY E-RECRUITED AT WATERFORD.
Captain-John A. Austin.
First Lieutenant-A. M. Judson.
Second Lieutenant-J. W. Mckay.
COMPANY F-RECRUITED AT TITUSVILLE.
Captain-Charles B. Morgan. First Lieutenant-James Farrell.
Second Lieutenant-David P. Sigler.
COMPANY G-RECRUITED AT GIRARD.
Captain-D. W. Hutchinson. First Lieutenant -J. Godfrey. Second Lieutenants - C. A. Pettibone, J. E. Pettibone.
COMPANY H-RECRUITED AT UNION.
Captain-John Landsrath. First Lieutenant- John M. Sell. Second Lieutenant-W. W. Gould.
COMPANY I-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captain-Frank Wagner. First Lieutenant-Peter Liebel. Second Lieutenant-Peter Schlaudecker.
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481
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
COMPANY K-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captain-John Kilpatrick. First Lienteuant-Thomas C. McLane.
Second Lieutenant-Edward Coughlin.
The regiment was accompanied by Mehl's Band during the entire period of its absence.
THE EIGHTY-THIRD REGIMENT.
On the return of the three months' regiment, Col. McLane immediately an- nounced his purpose of raising another regiment for three years. Authority for this purpose was received on the 24th of July, 1861, and in less than five weeks the full complement of 1,000 men had enlisted, mainly from the conn- ties of Erie, Crawford, Warren and Forest. Of these, nearly three hundred had been members of the three months' regiment. The rendezvous was on the old fair grounds east of Erie, and the regiment was mustered into the United States service on the 8th of September. It left for Washington on the 16th of September, accompanied by Mehl's Band, where it was assigned to the Third Brigade of Porter's division, under command of Gen. Butterfield. The regi- ment soon attained to a high reputation for drill and soldierly appearance. On one occasion, Gen. Mcclellan said to Col. McLane: " I congratulate you upon having one of the very bestregiments in the army." Gen. Butterfield also congrat- ulated and commended the regiment in a general order. It was also awarded one of the French uniforms and equipments that had been specially imported to be presented to the regiments found the most proficient in a competitive drill. The regiment remained in camp in front of Washington until the 8th of March, 1862, when orders were received for the whole army to move. It took part in the reconnoissance toward Big Bethel and the siege of Yorktown, and was prominently engaged in the battles of Hanover Court House, Gaines' Mill, Malvern Hill and most of the desperate encounters along and in the vicinity of the Chickahominy. At Gaines' Mill on the 27th of June, Col. McLane was killed, lamented not only by his own men but by the whole corps. On the 11th of August, Mehl's Band, which had been with the regiment to that date, was discharged by general order, and came back to Erie. When the army moved north, the Eighty-third accompanied it, and participated in Pope's campaign, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Spottsyl- vania, and, in fact, nearly every battle that was fought down to the closing scene at Appomattox. Col. Vincent, who had succeeded Col. McLane, and who was at the time in command of the brigade, fell, mortally wounded, at Gettys- burg on the 2d of July, 1863. He had been appointed a Brigadier General, but the news of his promotion did not reach the regiment until after his death. After Gettysburg, the regiment, which had been reduced by losses in battle and sickness to but 200 of its original members, was enlarged to the extent of some 400 drafted men and substitutes, and it received acces- sions from time to time sufficient to swell its total roll to about 2,600. It was mustered out of the service at Washington on the 28th of June, 1865, and formally disbanded on the 4th of July at Harrisburg. The members of the regiment returned to their homes in small bodies, but their welcome was none the less warm and cheering. In the official his- tory of Pennsylvania volunteers, published by the commonwealth, it is stated that the Eighty-third Regiment was engaged in twenty-five battles, "more by two than any other Pennsylvania Infantry regiment." The surviving members formed a civil organization in September, 1867, which has assembled each
482
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
year at some town within the limits of the territory in which it was recruited. Below is a list of the principal officers of the regiment:
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonels-John W. McLane, Strong Vincent, O. S. Woodward, Chauncey P. Rogers.
Lieutenant Colonels-Strong Vincent, Hugh S. Campbell, Dewitt C. Mc- Coy, Chauncey P. Rogers, William O. Colt.
Majors-Louis H. Naghel, William H. Lamont, William O. Colt, W. H. Dunbar.
Adjutants-John M. Clark, B. M. Frank.
Quartermasters-James Saeger, Daniel W. Clark, George M. Boal.
Surgeons-William Faulkner, E. P. Allen, J. P. Burchfield.
Assistant Surgeons - David E. Belknap, Isaac Walborn, Michael Thomp- son, Jonathan Wotring, William S. Stewart, Jared Free, T. C. M. Stockton. Chaplains-Josiah Flower, Orson B. Clark.
COMPANY A-RECRUITED AT TITUSVILLE.
Captains-Charles B. Morgan, David P. Sigler, David P. Jones, William O. Colt, E. L. Whittelsey.
First Lieutenants-David P. Sigler, David P. Jones, James M. Hunter, Martin V. Gifford, Wilkes S. Colt.
Second Lieutenants-David P. Jones, James M. Hunter, Wilkes S. Colt, William H. Lamont, Pierce Hanrahan, David R. Rogers.
COMPANY B-RECRUITED AT MEADVILLE.
Captains-John F. Morris, David A. Apple, Daniel G. Saeger, Israel Thickstun, Andrew J. McKee.
First Lieutenants-James Saeger, Daniel G. Saeger, Orrin A. Hotchkiss, David A. Apple, Andrew J. McKee, A. C. Montgomery, Harrison Raymond.
Second Lieutenants-David A. Apple, Daniel G. Saeger, Orrin A. Hotch- kiss, A. C. Montgomery, Harrison Raymond, Charles W. Smith.
COMPANY C-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captains-John Graham, John H. Borden.
First Lieutenants-Aaron E. Yale, John W. Vannatta, Abner B. Edson, Charles H. Hubbell.
Second Lieutenants -- James R. Farrell, Bethuel J. Goff, Joseph B. Grim- ler, John W. Vannatta, Samuel L. Fluke, Charles H. Hubbell, Daniel B. Foote.
COMPANY D-RECRUITED AT EDINBORO.
Captains-O. S. Woodward, Chauncey P. Rogers, John P. Kleckner.
First Lieutenants-Chauncey P. Rogers, Isaac Keck.
Second Lieutenants-Plympton A. White, Isaac Keck, Abijah H. Burnett.
COMPANY E-RECRUITED AT WATERFORD.
Captains-Hugh S. Campbell, Amos M. Judson, Benjamin A. Smith, eter Grace.
First Lieutenants-Amos M. Judson, William O. Colt, Peter Grace, Will- iam H. McGill.
Second Lieutenants-William O. Colt, James H. Barnett, Peter Grace, William H. McGill, Alex B. Langley, E. L. Whittelsey, James C. Percival.
483
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
COMPANY F-RECRUITED AT MEADVILLE.
Captains-Dewitt C. McCoy, Thomas A. Stebbins, C. V. Van Dusen.
First Lieutenants-Joel Smith, Thomas A. Stebbins, C. V. Van Dusen, John W. Marshall, Noble L. Terrell.
Second Lieutenants-Thomas A. Stebbins, John W. Marshall, Augustus McGill, William J. Gleason, John P. Kleckner, William L. Bennett.
COMPANY G-RECRUITED AT TIONESTA.
Captains-Daniel S. Knox, George Stowe, Moses G. Corey.
First Lieutenants-George Stowe, Moses G. Corey, Thomas Van Giesen. Second Lieutenants-Daniel W. Clark, John Herrington, Moses G. Corey, Thomas J. Van Giesen, Benjamin A. Smith.
A new company G, recruited in Allegheny County, was assigned to the regiment in March, 1865.
COMPANY H-RECRUITED AT CONNEAUTVILLE.
Captains-P. B. Carpenter, Israel Thickstun.
First Lieutenants-John E. Wilson, Israel Thickstun, Roswell B. Hynes. Second Lieutenants-Israel Thickstun, James W. Foster, Oliver L. Hall, Andrew J. McKee.
A new company H, recruited at Pittsburgh, was assigned to the regiment in March, 1865.
COMPANY I-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captains-Hiram L. Brown, John M. Sell, John H. Borden.
First Lieutenants-John M. Sell, John H. Borden, Frederick C. Wittich.
Second Lieutenants-John M. Clark, Frederick C. Wittich, William J. Wittich, Abner B. Edson.
A new company I, recruited at Harrisburg and Reading, was assigned to the regiment in March, 1865.
COMPANY K-RECRUITED AT ERIE.
Captains-Thomas M. Austin, John Hechtman.
First Lieutenants-William E. Bates, John Hechtman, Henry Austin.
Second Lieutenants-Edmund W. Reed, Henry Austin, Noble L. Terrell.
A new company K, recruited in Dauphin County, was assigned to the reg- iment in March, 1865.
THE ONE HUNDRED AND ELEVENTH REGIMENT.
While the Eighty-third Regiment was organizing, application was made to the Secretary of War by Matthias Sehlaudecker, of Erie, who had served as Major of the three months' regiment, for authority to recruit a new infantry regiment for the three years' service. His request was granted on the 2d of Sep- tember, 1861, a rendezvous was at once established at the old fair ground, and on the 24th of January, 1862, the ranks being full, a regimental organiza- tion was effected. The regiment left for Harrisburg on the 25th by way of Cleveland and Pittsburgh, reaching the State capital on the 27th. There it was furnished with colors, arms and equipments, and on the 1st of March pro- ceeded to Baltimore. Its first serious engagement was on the 9th of August, at Cedar Mountain, where it lost 19 killed, 61 wounded and 13 missing. From that time to the 24th of September, 1863, when the regiment was transferred to Tennessee, it was constantly connected with the Army of the Potomac, and participated in nearly all of the memorable battles in Virginia and Maryland,
484
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
including Antietam, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. While stationed at Acquia Creek it was one of fifteen regiments specially commended by Gen. Hooker in his general' order of March 3. Col. Schlaudecker was honorably dis- charged in November, 1862, and the other field officers were duly pro- moted. The regiment joined Rosecrans' army at Murfreesboro on the 6th of October, 1863, and took a conspicuous part in the movement upon Lookout Mountain. In December, most of its members enlisted for a second term, and were given a furlough to come home, arriving at Erie the 14th of January, 1864. On returning to the scene of war in the Southwest, the regiment took part in the march upon Atlanta, being one of the first to enter that city. During the severe fighting before the capture of Atlanta, Col. Cobham was shot, and died on the field of battle. The regiment performed provost duty in Atlanta some two months, when it joined the main body of the army in Sherman's famous "march to the sea." At Goldsboro, N. C., the One Hundred and Ninth and One Hundred and Eleventh Regiments, which had served side by side since 1862, were consolidated, with 885 members, retaining the latter title. It was mustered out of service at Washington on the 19th of July, 1865, and the Northwestern Pennsylvania portion of the regiment reached Erie on the 27th of the same month, where, after a grand reception, the gallant veter- ans quietly separated for their respective homes. Below is a list of the prin- cipal officers of the regiment:
FIELD AND STAFF.
Colonels-M. Schlaudecker, George A. Cobham, Thomas M. Walker.
Lieutenant Colonels-George A. Cobham, Thomas M. Walker, Frank J. Osgood.
Majors-Thomas M. Walker, Frank J. Osgood, John A. Boyle.
Adjutants-John A. Boyle, James M. Wells, Hiram L. Blodgett, John R. Boyle, Albert G. Lucas.
Quartermasters -Alexander Thompson, William Saeger, Noah W. Lowell.
Surgeons-Wallace B. Stewart. George P. Oliver, James L. Dunn, D. H. Strickland.
Assistant Surgeons-John Nicholson, James Stokes, Henry F. Conrad, Joseph F. Ake, G. M. Bradfield, D. H. Strickland.
Chaplains -- Loren D. Williams, John R. Hamilton.
COMPANY A.
Captains-Josiah Brown, John D. Bentley, Martellus H. Todd, George Selkregg.
First Lieutenants-John D. Bently, Martellus H. Todd, Nelson E. Ames, Joseph Warford.
Second Lieutenants-M. H. Todd, N. E. Ames, Cyrus A. Hayes.
COMPANY B.
Captains-Arthur Corrigan, W. P. Langworthy, Wallace B. Warner, William Geary, John J. Haight.
First Lieutenants-W. P. Langworthy, Wallace B. Warner, John J. Haight.
Second Lieutenants-Wallace B. Warner, John J. Haight, Marvin D. Pettit.
COMPANY C.
Captains-Richard Cross, O. H. P. Ferguson.
First Lieutenants-O. H. P. Ferguson, Hiram L. Blodgett, William C. Hay, John McFarland.
485
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
Second Lieutenanty-Hiram L. Blodgett, William C. Hay, Philetus D. Fowler.
COMPANY D.
Captains-Elias M. Pierce, William J. Alexander, H. R. Sturdevant.
First Lieutenants-William J. Alexander, H. R. Sturdevant, Nelson Spen- cer, C. W. Culbertson.
Second Lieutenants-H. R. Sturdevant, Nelson Spencer, Warren M. Foster.
COMPANY E.
Captains-Samuel M. Davis, Peter S. Bancroft, Francis A. Guthrie, Will- iam L. Patterson.
First Lieutenants-Leander W. Kimball, F. A. Guthrie, W. L. Patterson, Jesse Moore.
Second Lieutenants-W. L. Patterson, Jesse Moore, Hiram Bissell.
COMPANY F.
Captains-John Braden, James M. Wells.
First Lieutenants-James M. Wells, C. M. Kingsbury, Andrew W. Tracy. Second Lieutenants-C. W. Kingsbury, George Selkregg, John L. Wells.
COMPANY G.
Captains-William A. Thomas, Frederick L. Gimber.
First Lieutenants-Christian Sexaur, William Mathers.
Second Lieutenants-Joseph Cronenberger, Valentine Hitchcock, Albert N. Kinney.
COMPANY H.
Captains-J. P. Schlaudecker, Hiram L. Blodgett, William C. Hay.
First Lieutenants-George J. Whitney, John R. Boyle, William P. Gould. Second Lieutenants -Samuel S. Bloom, John R. Boyle.
COMPANY I.
Captains-Frank Wagner, Charles Woeltge, Moses Veale.
First Lieutenants-Charles Woeltge, John C. Teel, Henry Dieffenbach, William W. Griffing.
Second Lieutenants-U. Schlaudecker William Saeger, Henry Dieffen- bach.
COMPANY K.
Captains-Jonas J. Pierce, Frank J. Osgood, Plympton A. Mead.
First Lieutenants -- F. J. Osgood, P. A. Mead, Albert E. Black, George W. Clark.
Second Lieutenants-George W. Smith, P. A. Mead, A. E. Black, George W. Clark.
ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-FIFTH REGIMENT.
A fourth regiment, which received the title of the One Hundred and Forty- fifth, was recruited during the summer and fall of 1862, having its rendez- vous at the same camp which had been used by the Eighty-third and One Hundred and Eleventh Regiments. The date of its organization, September 5, 1862, was one of the most critical in the history of the war. The regi- ment was accordingly hurried forward without arms and with little training in military duty. Leaving Erie on the 11th of September, it reached Chambers- burg by way of Buffalo and Elmira within thirty-six hours, was there fur-
486
HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.
nished with arms, and in two days more was within sound of the enemy's guns at Antietam. About noon on the 17th, the regiment joined the extreme right of the Union line, and rendered good service in preventing a flank movement of the enemy. After the battle, it was one of the detail to bury the dead, some of whom had lain upon the field of battle four days. The exposure to which the regiment had been thus suddenly subjected told with serious effect upon many of the men, so that between 200 and 300 were disqualified for duty within a month after it was ordered to the front. Quite a number died or were permanently disabled. The regiment was assigned to the First Brigade, First Division, of the Second Corps.
On the 13th of December, the One Hundred and Forty-fifth took part in the terrible charge at Fredericksburg, under the lead of Gen. Hancock. The division to which it belonged was composed of 5,000 men, 2,000 of whom fell in that single charge. Of the 556 members of the One Hundred and Forty- fifth who crossed the river, 226 were either killed or wounded. At Chancellors- ville, a detail of 150 men from the One Hundred and Forty-fifth was ordered to the relief of the skirmish line, and, after some hard fighting, failing to receive the command to retire, were mostly captured. The regiment entered the battle of Gettysburg 200 strong, and lost upward of eighty in killed and wounded. Re- turning to Virginia, it participated in nearly all of the marches and engage- ments of the Union army until the winter of 1863 brought the campaign to a close.
The renewal of operations in May, 1864, found the regiment recruited al- most to its original strength. From this date the history of the Army of Vir- ginia, with its never-ceasing marches and well-nigh daily battles, is equally the history of the regiment. No braver men were in that army, and none who had more of the confidence of their commanding officers. In the charge in front of Petersburg, the regiment had about fifty killed and wounded, and some ninety fell into the hands of the enemy. The remainder of the men were almost constantly under fire during the balance of the season.
In the spring campaign of 1865, the regiment did good service with Sher- idan. It was mustered out of service on the 31st of May, and returned to Erie on the 5th of June, where it was welcomed with the honors it so richly de- served.
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