History of Erie county, Pennsylvania. Containing a history of the county; its townships, towns, villages schools, churches, industries, etc, Part 1

Author: Bates, Samuel P. (Samuel Penniman), 1827-1902; Whitman, Benjamin, 1940-; Russell, N. W. (Nathaniel Willard); Brown, R. C. (Robert C.); Weakley, F. E; Warner, Beers & Co. (Chicago, Ill.)
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Chicago : Warner, Beers & co.
Number of Pages: 1280


USA > Pennsylvania > Erie County > History of Erie county, Pennsylvania. Containing a history of the county; its townships, towns, villages schools, churches, industries, etc > Part 1


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Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6 | Part 7 | Part 8 | Part 9 | Part 10 | Part 11 | Part 12 | Part 13 | Part 14 | Part 15 | Part 16 | Part 17 | Part 18 | Part 19 | Part 20 | Part 21 | Part 22 | Part 23 | Part 24 | Part 25 | Part 26 | Part 27 | Part 28 | Part 29 | Part 30 | Part 31 | Part 32 | Part 33 | Part 34 | Part 35 | Part 36 | Part 37 | Part 38 | Part 39 | Part 40 | Part 41 | Part 42 | Part 43 | Part 44 | Part 45 | Part 46 | Part 47 | Part 48 | Part 49 | Part 50 | Part 51 | Part 52 | Part 53 | Part 54 | Part 55 | Part 56 | Part 57 | Part 58 | Part 59 | Part 60 | Part 61 | Part 62 | Part 63 | Part 64 | Part 65 | Part 66 | Part 67 | Part 68 | Part 69 | Part 70 | Part 71 | Part 72 | Part 73 | Part 74 | Part 75 | Part 76 | Part 77 | Part 78 | Part 79 | Part 80 | Part 81 | Part 82 | Part 83 | Part 84 | Part 85 | Part 86 | Part 87 | Part 88 | Part 89 | Part 90 | Part 91 | Part 92 | Part 93 | Part 94 | Part 95 | Part 96 | Part 97 | Part 98 | Part 99 | Part 100 | Part 101 | Part 102 | Part 103 | Part 104 | Part 105 | Part 106 | Part 107 | Part 108 | Part 109 | Part 110 | Part 111 | Part 112 | Part 113 | Part 114 | Part 115 | Part 116 | Part 117 | Part 118 | Part 119 | Part 120 | Part 121 | Part 122 | Part 123 | Part 124 | Part 125 | Part 126 | Part 127 | Part 128 | Part 129 | Part 130 | Part 131 | Part 132 | Part 133 | Part 134 | Part 135 | Part 136 | Part 137 | Part 138 | Part 139 | Part 140 | Part 141 | Part 142 | Part 143 | Part 144 | Part 145 | Part 146 | Part 147 | Part 148 | Part 149 | Part 150 | Part 151 | Part 152 | Part 153 | Part 154 | Part 155 | Part 156 | Part 157 | Part 158 | Part 159 | Part 160 | Part 161 | Part 162 | Part 163 | Part 164 | Part 165 | Part 166 | Part 167 | Part 168 | Part 169 | Part 170 | Part 171 | Part 172 | Part 173 | Part 174 | Part 175 | Part 176 | Part 177 | Part 178 | Part 179



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Cornell University Library


The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library.


There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text.


http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924096783489


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CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 3 1924 096 783 489


DATE DUE


Interlibrary


Loan


GAYLORD


PRINTED IN U.S.A.


In compliance with current copyright law, Cornell University Library produced this replacement volume on paper that meets the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1992 to replace the irreparably deteriorated original.


2003


Cornell University Library Athara, New York


BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE


SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF


HENRY W. SAGE


1891


..


And . Ellicott 2 2.


HISTORY


OF


ERIE COUNTY,


PENNSYLVANIA.


CONTAINING A HISTORY OF THE COUNTY; ITS TOWNSHIPS, TOWNS, VILLAGES, SCHOOLS, CHURCHES, INDUSTRIES, ETC .; PORTRAITS OF EARLY SETTLERS AND PROMINENT MEN; BIOGRAPHIES; HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA, STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS MATTER, ETC., ETC.


ILLUSTRATED.


CHICAGO: WARNER, BEERS & CO., 1884. W


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PREFACE.


TN entering upon the publication of a history of Erie County, the difficulty and importance of the task were not underestimated by the publishers. A desire for such a work has long existed, a work that would faithfully present a correct, concise and clean record of events, beginning with the Indian tribes that once inhabited the land, thence tracing its history down to the present period.


The burning of the court house, on the 23d of March, 1823, which destroyed the records of the first twenty years after the organization of the county, has ever been a source of annoyance to those tracing the original titles to lands through the names of the first settlers. This work shows where the titles of the lands in Erie County originated, to whom the first sales were made, and the locations of the earliest pioneers, thus supplying many missing links in the fabric of its recorded history.


The book may be said to have had its inception in 1879, when Mr. Benja- min Whitman, having sold the Erie Observer, which he had edited since Jan- uary, 1861, made a number of short tours over the county for the joint purpose of reviving old friendships and settling his outstanding accounts. After one or two trips he commenced writing up a series of articles for the Observer under the heading of "County Jaunts," and finding them received with favor, con- ceived the idea of expanding them into a history of the county. The effort of Mr. Whitman was more to give a plain and correct statement of facts than to indulge in fine writing, for which, it is needless to add, there is little op- portunity in a work of this kind. His manuscript was purchased by the pub- lishers, and is mainly embodied in the book.


He was largely aided in the collecting of his matter by Capt. N. W. Russell, whose father, Mr. Hamlin Russell, when on his death bed in 1852, after a res- idence of half a century in Erie County, said to him, "I have made, a great mistake in not keeping, for the good of future generations, a historical record of the advent and progress of the early settlers. Your retentive memory can yet collect them, and put them in a shape that will be of great use to the inhabitants hereafter. Promise me yon will do so." The promise was given, and has been fulfilled to a considerable extent in this work. "In the preparation of the matter," says Mr. Whitman, "Capt. N. W. Russell, of Mill Creek Township, deserves very large credit. His remembrance of early events is remark- able, and to his valuable assistance I owe more than I can exprese. His fre- quent sketches on historical subjects, printed in the newspapers, were really the foundation of the book, and in many cases I have not done much more than to elaborate his articles. Mr. Russell has, also, revised all the proof, and vouches for the correctness of the historical matter."


For the convenience of its readers, the book has been divided into five parts. The outline history of the State, contained in Part I, is from the pen


iv


PREFACE.


of Prof. Samuel P. Bates, of Meadville. The history of Erie County, included in Part II, was compiled by Mr. Whitman, with the aid of Mr. Russell, as above stated. The history of the city of Erie, in Part III, was written by Mr. R. C. Brown, of Chicago, Ill., excepting Chapter IV, which is from the pen of Mr. F. E. Weakley, of Lebanon, Ohio. The township histories, in Part IV, embrace a portion of the matter furnished by Messrs. Whitman and Russell, with additions by Messrs. F. E. Weakley and J. B. Mansfield; while the bio- graphical sketches in Part V, were collected by a corps of solicitors, and a proof of each sketch submitted by mail to each subject for correction. It is due to Mr. Whitman to add that the township sketches prepared by him were much more full than they appear in the book, the limits to which the publishers were obliged to confine themselves not allowing space for all of his matter.


The publication of such a work, for a patronage limited to a single county, was a hazardous undertaking, and much solicitude was felt by the publishers on this account during the first stages of the enterprise, but whatever their misgivings, they were soon dispelled by the liberal patronage of the people of the county. An earnest effort has been made to render the book reliable and attractive, and to more than fulfill every promise made in the prospectus.


Acknowledgments are due to County, Township, City and Borough officials, old settlers, members of the various professions and to citizens throughout the county, for favors and generous assistance in the preparation of the work.


THE PUBLISHERS.


CONTENTS.


PART I.


HISTORY OF PENNSYLVANIA.


PAGE.


CHAPTERI .- INTRODUCTORY .- Cornelis Jacob- son Mey, 1624-25. William Van Hulst, 1625- 26. Peter Minuit, 1626-33 David Petersen de Vries, 1632-33. Wouter Van Twiller, 1633-38. 15-23


CHAPTER II .- Sir William Keift, 1638-47. Peter Minuit, 1638-41. Peter Hollandaer, 1641-43. John Printz, 1643-53. Pater Stuyvesant, 1647-64. John Pappagoya, 1653-54. John Claude Rysingh, 1654-55. .. 23-33


CHAPTER III .- John Paul Jacquet, 1655-57. Jacob Alrichs, 1657-59. Goeran Van Dyck, 1657-58. William Beekman, 1658-63. Alex. D'Hinoyossa, 1659-64 .. .33-35


CHAPTER IV .- Richard Nichols, 1664-67. Rob- ert Needham, 1664-68. Francis Lovelace, 1667-73. John Carr, 1668-73. Anthony Colve, 1673-74. Peter Alrichs, 1673-74. .35-41


CHAPTER V .- Sir Edmund Andros, 1674-81. Edmund Cantwell, 1674-76. John Collier, 1676-77. Christopher Billop, 1677-81 ....... .41-50


CHAPTER VI .- William Markham, 1681-82. William Penn, 1682-84 .. .. 51-61


CHAPTER VII .- Thomas Lloyd, 1684-86. Five Commissioners, 1686-88. John Blackwell, 1688-90. Thomas Lloyd, 1690-91. William Markham, 1691-93. Benjamin Fletcher, 1693-95. William Markham, 1693-99 ......... 61-89


CHAPTER VIII .- William Penn, 1699-1701. Andrew Hamilton, 1701-03. Edward Ship-


PAGE.


pan, 1703-04. John Evans, 1704-09. Charlea Gooken, 1709-17. .69-75


CHAPTER IX .- Sir William Keith, 1717-26. Patrick Gordon, 1726-36. James Logan, 1736-38. George Thomas, 1738-47. An- thony Palmer, 1747-48. Jamea Hamilton, 1748-54. .75-89


CHAPTER X .- Robert H. Morris, 1754-66. Will- iam Denny, 1756-59. James Hamilton, 1759-63. 89-97


CHAPTER XI .- John Pann, 1763-71. James Hamilton, 1771. Richard Penn, 1771-73. John Penn, 1773-76 ... 98-104


CHAPTER XII .- Thomas Wharton, Jr., 1777-76. George Bryan, 1778. Joseph Reed, 1778-81. William Moore, 1781-82. John Dickinaon, 1782-85. Benjamin Franklin, 1785-88 ...... 104-114


CHAPTER XIII. - Thomas Mifflin, 1788-99. Thomas Mckean, 1799-1808. Simon Snyder, 1708-17. William Findlay, 1817-20. Joseph Heister, 1820-23. John A. Shulze, 1823-29. George Wolfe, 1829-35. Joseph Ritner, 1835-39. .114-121


CHAPTER XIV .- David R. Porter, 1839-45. Francis R. Shunk, 1845-48. William F. John- stone, 1848-52. William Bigler, 1852-55. John Pollock, 1855-58. William F. Packer, 1858-61. Andrew G. Curtin, 1861-67. John W. Geary, 1867-73. John F. Hartranft, 1873-78. Hanry F. Hoyt, 1878-82. Robert 122-131 E. Pattison, 1882 ...


Gubernatorial Table


132


PART II.


HISTORY OF ERIE COUNTY.


1


CHAPTER I .- GENERAL DESCRIPTION, ETC .- 137-144


County and Township Organization 137 Cities, Boroughs and Villages 138 Distance Table 138


Organization of Cities and Boroughs .. 139 Election Districts. 139


What Township Taken From, etc. 140 Post Offices. 141


Census ....


.142-144


County and Township Boundaries.


143


CHAPTER II .- PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY .....


.145-150


The Land-Its Characteristics and Value ..... 146


Climate, Geology and Timber ..


149


Minerala, Oil Wella, etc ....


150


CHAPTER III .- GEOLOGY


151-155


CHAPTER IV. - STREAMS,


LAKES,


BAYS,


BRIDGES AND CULVERTS.


155-166


Principal Settlements, Railroads, etc.


156


Features of the Streams


159


vi


CONTENTS.


PAGE.


French Creek and Its Principal Tributaries 160 The Lake Shore Streams. 161


Lakes and Baya. 162 The Interior Lakes. 165


Bridges, Culverts, etc ... 165


CHAPTER V .- PRE-HISTORIC REMAINS AND


NATURAL CURIOSITIES 166-172 Ancient Embankments ..... 169 More Strange Discoveries 170


Natural Curiosities .: 171


CHAPTER VI .- INDIAN HISTORY. 172-185


Extermination of the Eriez .. 173


The Six Nations .. 174


French and English Intrigues. 175


Pontiac's Conspiracy .. 176


Capture of Le Boeuf and Presque Isle. 176


American Occupation ... 180 Threats of an Indian War. 181


- Raids by the Savages .... 182


Indian Villages and Graveyarda 183


Cornplanter, The Seneca Chief. 184


CHAPTER VII .- THE FRENCH AND ENGLISH


185-194


The First Soldiers. 186


Army of Occupation 186


Coffin's Statement. 189


Washington's Visit .. 189


Progress of the French. 191 French Village st Presque Isle .. 191


Events in 1757 and 1758. 192


The English Gaining.


192


Evacuation of the French 193


English Dominion 193


The French and English Forts. 194


The French Road. 194


CHAPTER VIII .- THE TRIANGLE. 194-200


The Western Boundary 195


The New York Line. 195


The Triangle .. 195


Release of the Indian Title. 196


Interesting Details ... 199


List of Manufacturing Establishments 265 Continental Certificates 200


CHAPTER IX .- THE AMERICAN OCCUPATION 201-209


Protecting the Frontier .. 202


Occupancy of Fort Le Boeuf. 202


Interference of the General Government ... 203


Was the Danger Real ? 203 Valuable Statistics ... 274


A Lengthy Discussion 204


An Important Council. 204


Fort Le Boeuf and its Garrison 205


A Treaty of Peace ... 20G


Beginning of the Town of Erie. 206


The Last Indian Murder ...... 209


CHAPTER X .- ANTHONY WAYNE. 209-212


Massacre of Paoli. 210 His Western Campaign. 210


Sickness and Death 210


His Appearance and Bearing. 211


Disinterment of His Remains. 211


Appearance of the Body. 212


Second Disinterment .... 212


Work houae. 292 His Eastern Tomb 212


CHAPTER XI .- LAND MATTERS. 213-226


Pennaylvania Population Company. 213 A Great Land Speculator. 214 Plan of Settlement .... 214


Holland Land Company 215


Tenth Donation District. 215 Perry Reaches Erie ... 296


Harrisburg and Presque Isle Company. 216


The Moravian Grant


216


The Reservations.


219


More Land Legislation. 220


Settled st Last .. 220


Abstract of Judsh Colt's Autobiography. 221


Land Sales. 223 After the Battle. 309


List of Purchasers.


223


State Commissioners 224


224 The Speculation of 1836. 226


CHAPTER XII .- THE PIONEERS.


229-233


Where the People Came From 230 Marriages, Births and Deaths 230 Condition of the People, etc ... 231


Game, etc ..


232


CHAPTER XIII. - COMMON ROADS, STAGE


LINES, MAIL ROUTES, TAVERNS, ETC .. 233-244 Buffalo Road .. 234


The Ridge Road .. 235 The Lake Road .. 235


Waterford Turnpike.


235


Edinboro Plank Road .. 236


239


The Shunpike ..


Wattshurg Plank Road. 240


Lake Pleasant Road. 240


The Colt's Station Road.


241


Old Taverns.


241


Travel and Transportation 212


The Salt Trade ....


243


Stage Lines and Mail Routes. 243


CHAPTER XIV .- RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATIONS -CHURCHES-(GRAVEYARDS, ETC ... .245-262 Presbyterian Missionariea .. 245


The Erie Presbytery .. 246 Permanent Preachers. 246


Rev. Johnson Eaton .. 246 The Erie and Other Churches 249 Methodist Episcopal Church. 249


United Presbyteriana, Lutherans, Episcopa- lians, etc .... 254


Catholics and other Denominationa. 255 List of Churches. 255 Sunday Schools. 260


Bible Society and Y. M. C. A. 261


Graveyards and Cemeteries. 261


CHAPTER XV .- MILLS AND FACTORIES .262-270


Outside of Erie City 263 Other Early Mills and Factories ... 264


CHAPTER XVI .- LAKE NAVIGATION. 270-283


The Merchant Service .. 271


The Era of Steam boats 272


Propellers and Ships .... 273


The Old Times and the New. 273


Government Vessels 274


Disasters on the Bay and Lske 275


Distances by Lake .. 276


Opening of Navigation 279


Collectors at Erie 280


Deputy Collectors .. 280


Vessels Owned in Erie 280


Business of the Port. 281


Light-houses and their Keepsrs. 282


CHAPTER XVII .- COUNTY BUILDINGS 283-293


The County Jail 285 The Almshouse 286 County Statistics. 291


CHAPTER XVIII .- PERRY'S VICTORY AND THE WAR OF 1812-14. 293-320 Erie's Defenseless Condition 293


First Stages of the War. 294


Assembling the Militia 295


A Fleet Arranged For. 295


The First Step to Victory. 300


Safely Concentrated. 300 Menaces of the Enemy 302


Getting over the Bar. 302


The First Cruise ... 303


Challenging to Fight. 304


Preparing for Battle ... 305


Brief Account of the Victory. 305


Victories on Land .. 810


Perry's Return to Erie 810


239


Waterford Plank Road.


PAGE.


Land Litigation.


216 Academy Lands. Surveyors and Land Agents. 219


vii


CONTENTS.


PAGE.


The Winter of 1818-14.


811


A Fatal Duel. 312


The Campaign of 1814 818


Distancea. 436


Philadelphia & Erie Railroad .. 436


General Description. 439


Other Mattera ....... 439


Erie & Pittsburgh Railroad. 440


Buffalo, Corry & Pittsburgh Railroad .. 441 New York, Pennsylvania & Ohio Railroad ... 441 Union & Titusville Railroad 442 New York, Chicago & St. Louis Railroad (The Nickel Plate). 442


Projected Railroada. 443


CHAPTER XXIII .- PHYSICIANS AND DEN-


CHAPTER XX .- NOTABLE EVENTS 383-340 TISTS. 444-461 List of Registered Physicians 445-460


The King of France ... 338


Lafayette. 333 Erie .. 445


Horace Greelay. 338 Corry. 446


Presidential Visitors.


334


McKean


446


An Exciting Campaign. 335


Indictments for Murder 339


CHAPTER XXI .- POLITICAL HISTORY-AN- NUAL RECORD. .340-430 1788 to 1800 340 Waterford.


449


North East ..


449


Albion. 449 449


449


Edinboro


450


342 343 Mill Village. 450


Other Localities 450


Other Matters 450


Dentists 451


CHAPTER XXIV .- SCHOOLS, ACADEMIES, ETC. 451-456


The County Schools


453


School Booka, etc. 453


Spelling Schools. 454 Academies, etc .. 454


General Remarks.


455


Tabulated Statement 456


CHAPTER XXV .- NEWSPAPERS. 459-465


Early Newspapers 459 The Erie Gazette. 459


The Erie Observer. 460


The Erie Dispatch. 461


Other English Papers. 461


German and Portuguese Papers. 462


Defunct Papers 463


1854


373


1855 to 1856.


Personal ..


464


Papers Outside of Erie 465 1867


1858


379


1859 to 1860.


880


1861 to 1862.


382 383 365


1867 to 1868


386


The First Draft. 470


Other Matters ... 471


The Second Draft. 472


Lively Recruiting 473


Half a Million More. 474


Nearing the End .. 474


Officers from Erie County


County Finances in Connection with the War .... 476 Pricea Compared. 479


Tha Erie Regiment-three months. 479


The Eighty-third Regiment ... 481 The One Hundred Eleventh Regiment. 488 The One Hundred Forty-fifth Regiment. 485


CHAPTER XXVII .- MISCELLANEOUS. 490-500 Agricultural Societies. 490 Militia and Military Ogauizations. 490 Temperance ... 492 Slavea and Slavery 492


Seal of the County. 493


The Weather 493


Erle to Buffalo. 433 The Cholera ... 495


Erie to Cleveland 433


Telegraph Lines. 495


Consolidation Effected. 434 Shows and Circuses. 496


The Railroad War 434 Cattle Driving. 495


CHAPTER XXVI-WAR FOR THE UNION .... 465-489 The First Regiment. 466 The Eighty-third Regiment ... 466


The One Hundred Eleventh Regiment. 469 The One Hundred Forty-fifth Regiment 470


1869 to 1870. 390 1671 to 1872. 391 394


1873


1874


396


1875 to 1876. 396


1877 to 1878.


401


1879 to 1880


1881


402 404 405


1883 ...


406


LIST OF PUBLIC OFFICERS.


United States Officers.


406 406


State Officera from Erie County 410 State Senators ... 411


Members of the House of Representatives .. 412 County Officers. 414


CHAPTER XXII .- THE CANAL AND RAIL-


ROADS .. 430-444 The Lake Terminus ... 431


Completion of the Canal. 431


Its Abandonment. 432


Further Consolidation 435


Local Features.


436


Incidents of the War .. 314 Dispoaal of the Veasels 814 American Army Officers. 315


The Story of James Bird 816


Official Report of the British Commander. 319


CHAPTER XIX .- BENCH AND BAR ... .320-332


United States Courts. 323 The Bar. 324 Deatha, Removala, etc ... 330


Oourt Criers, and Other Matters 332


Wattsburg .... 449 The Only Execution ..... 335


Fairview 449


Girard 449


Union City


1800 to 1802 341 Springfield.


1803 to 1806


1807 to 1810


1811 to 1816


344 345


1821 to 1823


346


1824 to 1826. 349 1826 to 1828. 360 1829 to 1830 351 1831 to 1832 352


353


1836


354


1837 to 1838


356 359


1841


860


1842.


361


1843 to 1844


1845 to 1846.


1847


1848


1849 to 1850.


369


1852.


1851 370 371 1853


372


Miscellaneous. 463


374 376


1863 to 1864.


1865 to 1866.


362 364 365 366


1817 to 1820


1833 to 1835 ..


1839 to 1840


475 1882


Railroads 433 Early Justices. 493


PAGE.


viii


CONTENTS.


PAGE.


Currency


496


Soldiers' Monuments 496


The Revolution 496


The Mexican War .. 499


The Flood of 1683. 500


PART III.


HISTORY OF THE CITY OF ERIE.


CHAPTER I .- HISTORICAL ............ .........


503-519


Scraps of History 512


CHAPTER II .- GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND


ยท PROGRESS .. 519-534 Hotels and Public Halls .. 524 Pleasure Resorts .... 524


Railroads and Shipping Facilities 525


Bay, Harhor and Peninsula. 525


Life-Saving Service. 532


The Head 532


533 Fisheries.


CHAPTER III .- MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT


535-550


Water Works. 543


Fire Department 546


Markets 546


Police 549


Financial Exhibit 549


CHAPTER IV .- CHURCHES. 550-586


First Presbyterian Church 550 ETERIES AND CHARITABLE INSTITU-


Park Presbyterian Church. 552 TIONS . 600-613


Central Presbyterian Church 554


Chestnut Street Presbyterian Church 555 United Presbyterian Congregation. 556


St. Paul's Episcopal Church 560 St. John's Episcopal Church 563 Banks 601 Insurance Companies. 603


Church of the Cross and Crown. 564


First Methodist Episcopal Church 565 Simpson Methodist Episcopal Church. 569 Tenth Street Methodist Episcopal Church 570 The African Methodist Episcopal Church .... 571 The First Baptist Church. 571


First German Baptist Church 573


St. John's Evangelical Lutheran aud Re- formed Church ... 573 St. Paul's German Evangelical Church ........ 574 Salem Church of the Evangelical Association 575 The English Evangelical Lutheran Church .. 576 The German Evangelical Lutheran Trinity Church ... 579


Anschai Chesed Reform Congregation. 579 United Brethren Church .. 580 The First Universalist Church. 580 St. Patrick's Catholic Pro-Cathedral. 561


St. Mary's Catholic Church 583


St. Joseph's Catholic Church. 584


St. John's Catholic Church ... 585


St. Andrew's Catholic Church. 585


CHAPTER V .- EDUCATION AND SOCIETIES .. 586-600 Erie Academy ... 591 Erie Female Seminary 592 Catholic Schools. 592


Secret and Other Societies. 594


CHAPTER VI .- PRIVATE CORPORATIONS, CEM-


Erie Gas Company. 600


Telegraph, Telephone and Express Compa- nies.


The Erie City Passenger Railway Company 601


Cemeteries ...


604


Charitable Institutions .... 606


CHAPTER VII .- LEADING MANUFACTURING IN- TERESTS. ... . 613-649 Board of Trade and Business Statistics .. 649-651


PART IV.


TOWNSHIP HISTORIES.


CHAPTER I .- MILL CREEK TOWNSHIP ..... 655-666


Lands ..


655 Reservations 656


Creeks and Bridges 656


Public Highways. 659


Schools .... 659


Villages and Post Offices. 660


Other Prominent Points. 661 Religious Societies. 662


Mills .. 663


Early Settlers 663


Public Men 664


Miscellaneous. 665


CHAPTER II .- WATERFORD TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OF WATERFORD ..... 666-684 Lands of the Township. 666 Tax List in 1813. 609


Streams and Lakes. 670


Roads, Bridges and Mills 670


School History .. 671


Waterford Station


672


BOROUGH OF WATERFORD


672


The French Fort. 673


Pontiac's Conspiracy 673


Beginning of the Town 673


First Settlers ..


674


Early Events


675


The Lytles.


675


The Boating Trade. 676


Societies, etc ... 676


Incorporation


679


The Academy


680


The Cemetery 680 Religious Societies. 681


682


Postmasters


683


Newspapers 683


Manufactories 683


Religious Societies. 671 Miscellaneous. 684


PAGE. 499


Anti-Slavery ......


Oldest Men and Women .. 499


Thanksgiving Day 500


State and County Officers.


CONTENTS.


PAGE.


BOROUGH OP UNION CITY. ....


The South Branch and its Tributaries. 685


Bridges and Milla. 685 Political.


Churches and Graveyards. 686


Early Settlers. 686


Political 689


BOROUGH OF UNION CITY .. 690


The Founder 690 Growth of the Town. 690 Societies 691 Manufactories. 692 Church Organizations. 698


Newspapers


694


Miscellaneous 695


CHAPTER IV .- LE BOEUP TOWNSHIP AND


BOROUGH OP MILL VILLAGE. 696-703


Early Settlers ...


696


Streams and Mills 699


Valleys and Ridges .. 699


Holland Land Company ..


700


Common Roads 700


Churches 701


701 Schools.


Public Men


702


702


BOROUGH OF MILL VILLAGE.


702


CHAPTER V. - VENANGO TOWNSHIP AND


BOROUGH OF WATTSBURG. 704-715


704


Taxables in 1800 .. 706


Political 705


War of 1812.


705


Streams, Lake and Bridges. 706


Public Roads. 706 Mills, Factories and Schools. 709


Churches


710


The Middlebrook Church-Graveyards 710


Villages, 711


Recollections of a Native of the Township .. 711 BOROUGH OF WATTSBURG. 712


Incorporation. 713


Religious .. 713


Societies, etc. 713


Business Features. 714


Public Men.


714


Schools and Newapapers. 714


CHAPTER VI. - HARBOR CREEK TOWNSHIP 715-723


General Description


715


Creeks and Gullies. 716


Mills 719


Roada, etc ..


719


Wesley ville


720


Harhor Creek and Moorheadville. 720


Religious Societiea. 721


County Officers. 722


School History .. 722


Miscellaneous 723


CHAPTER VII .- NORTH EAST TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OP NORTH EAST ... .723-739


724 Early Settlers


First Thinga .. 725


Railroads and Common Roade 725


The Creeka. 726


Manufacturing Establishments. 726


The Grape Culture. 729


729


Villages.


Cemeteries 730 731


731


BOROUGH OF NORTH EAST. 732 Religious Societies .... 733


734


Hotela, Banka, etc.


735


Newspapers.


736


State and County Officers 736


CHAPTER VIII .- FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OF FAIRVIEW. .739-749 General Deacription 740


PAGE.


Bridges and Mills. 742


742


Common Roads, Railroads and Canala. 743


748


Religious Societies. 744


Manchester and Swanville 744


Other Matters. 745


BOROUGH OF FAIRVIEW .... 746


Early Incidents 746


Other Churches. 749


Miscellaneoua. 749


CHAPTER 1X .- SPRINGPIELD TOWNSHIP ... 760-760 Lands, etc. 750 Early Settlers. 751


Incidents of the Pioneera. 752


Streams, Mills and Factories. 752


Burial Places. 753


Public Men 754


Academies and Schools. 754


Railroads, Common Roads and Hotels.


755


Churches ... 756


Villagea


759


CHAPTER X. - CONNEAUT TOWNSHIP AND


BOROUGH OF ALBION 760-769 The First Settlers 760 Creeks and Bridges .. 761


Land, Litigation and Pre-Historic Remaina.


762


Rairoads, Canals and Common Roads. 763


764


Schools, Mills and Burial Places. Villages 764


Miscellaneous .. 765


BOROUGH OF ALBION.


765


Churches. 766 Business, Schools and Societies. 766


Factories. Newspapers, etc. 769


CHAPTER X1 .- ELK CREEK TOWNSHIP. .770-775


General Description 770 Roads and Streams 771


Churches.


772


Schools


772


Wellsburg


772


Crauesville:


774


Pageville.


774


CHAPTER XII. - MCKEAN TOWNSHIP AND


BOROUGH OF MIDDLEBORO ... .. .775-782


775


Mills and Schoola 776


779


Churches, Cemeteries and Roads. Villages 780


Early Settlers ..


780


Public Officers.


781


BOROUGH OF MIDDLEBORO 781


CHAPTER XIII .- GREENFIELD TOWNSHIP .. 782-786 Beginning the Settlement .. 783 Other Matters .. 784


Streams and Mills. 784


Village and Churches. 785


Schools


786


Roads, etc.


786


CHAPTER XIV .- GREENE TOWNSHIP 789-793


First Settlers. 789 Lands .. 790


Streams and Mills .. 790


Roads and Railroad 790


Hamlets and Churches 791


Public Men


792


CHAPTER XV .- WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP AND BOROUGH OF EDINBORO. 793-802


First Settlers .. 793


Roads ..


794


Streams, Lake and Lands 796


Villages and Churches. 795


Schoola


796


Factories and Mills


799


Secret Societies, Newspapers and Post Offices


801


State and County Officera


802


The Normal School. 802 Landa and Streams. 741


4


Public Schools and College ..


Schoola. 792 Schools Rev. Cyrua Dickson ...


Miscellaneous 736 BOROUGH OF EDINBORO 800 General Description 800 Churches .. 800


ix


CHAPTER III. - UNION TOWNSHIP AND 684-695 Schools


Villagea ...


Early Settlers.


Streams and Lands.


X


CONTENTS.


PAGE.


CHAPTER XVI. - CONCORD TOWNSHIP AND


BOROUGH OF ELGIN 803-806 County Officers. 803 Lands, Villages, etc ... 834


Early Settlers. 803


General Description. 804


Streams.


804


Railroads, Common Roads, etc. 805 Schools and Churches 805


Miscellaneous .. 806


BOROUGH OF ELGIN


806


CHAPTER XVII .- CITY OF CORRY 809-823


How the City Started 809


Rapid Growth .. 810


Borough and City 810


The City in General. 811


Oil Works 812


Other Leading Industriee 813


General Business Featurea 814 Hotels and Factories.




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