USA > Pennsylvania > Lancaster County > History of Lancaster and York Counties > Part 52
USA > Pennsylvania > York County > History of Lancaster and York Counties > Part 52
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The value of tobacco manufactured was $22,400; and gave employment to fifty-seven persons. The value of hats and caps manufactured was $23,100. There were fifty-three tanneries in the county ; tanned twenty-four thousand, three hundred and sixty-two sides of sole leather ; eleven thou- sand, five hundred and eighty-one of upper ; employed one hundred and eighty-four hands, capital invested $188,700 ; there were forty-eight saddleries, the value of their manu- factured articles was $63,215; capital invested $10,387 .;
There were manufactured ten thousand pounds of soap, twenty-five thousand pounds of candles. York county con- tained in 1840, two hundred and sixteen distilleries which produced nine hundred, thirty thousand, three hundred and four gallons of ardent spirits; four breweries, produced thir- ty-six thousand gallons of beer; the breweries and distille- ries employed two hundred and seventy men ; with a vested capital of $121,745.
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There were nine potteries, the value of manufactured ar- ticles, estimated at $4,550; employed fifteen hands, capi- tal invested $3,000. The value of produce of nurseries $590."Retail and dry goods stores one hundred fifty nine ; capital invested $528,575; lumber yards seventeen ; capi-
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
tal $900. Value of machinery manufactured $5,000, twelve men employed. Value of hardware, cutlery manufactured $24,500. Value of bricks and lime burned $29,120. There were seven fulling mills, ten woollen factories : value of man- ufactured goods $34,700: employed forty-nine hands: with a capital of $27,500.
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There were four paper mills: value produced $21,780: employed thirty-three men, with a capital of $42,000. Six printing offices-seven weekly newspapers. Carriages and wagons manufactured to the value of $27,385: employed one hundred and twenty men: capital invested $18,015. Seven flouring mills manufactured twenty thousand and fifty six barrels of flour. Grist mills, one hundred and thirty- two: saw mills, one hundred and four: oil mills, nine: value of manufacture by all the mills, $787,283: employed two hundred and sixty men: capital invested $484,275.
Value of furniture manufactured $6,000: employed twen- ty-three hands: capital invested, $2,900. In 1840, there were eighteen brick houses built: fifty-eight wooden: two hundred and fifty-eight men engaged: the value of construct- ing buildings, $61,800. The total capital invested in all manufactured in this county, in 1840, was $990,010-nearly one million of dollars.
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
CHAPTER III.
TOPOGRAPHY AND STATISTICS OF TOWNSHIPS, &C.
In giving the topography of townships, they have been arranged under five different heads; viz: the Eastern, South- ern, Western, Northern and Interior townships.
, EASTERN TOWNSHIPS are Fairview, Newberry, Conewa- go, Manchester, Hellam, Lower Windsor, Chanceford, Low- er Chanceford and Peach-bottom.
Fairview township was erected in 1803. It is bounded north by the Yellow breeches creek, which separates it from Cumberland county : on the east by the Susquehanna river, separating it from Dauphin county : south by Newberry township, and west by Warrington and Monaghan. It is watered by the Yellow breeches creek, Fishing creek, orig- inally called Horse-shoe creek, Miller's run, and a number of smaller stseams. According to the census of 1840, there were raised in it 28,778 bushels of wheat, 40,854 of oats, 18,823 of rye, 1,357 of buckwheat, 36,999 of corn, 6,216 bushels of potatoes, 1,717 tons of hay were made, 11,425 pounds of tobacco gathered. There were 2 tanneries : ten distillesies, which produced 68,440 gallons : one flouring mill, manufactured 4,190 barrels : 3 grist mills, 3 saw mills, and one oil mill.
It contained in 1840, a population of 1,993. The surface of the township is partly hilly: some limestone soil, well improved: the greater part is gravel soil, much of which has
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
been greatly improved, by using lime as a stimulating ma- nure.
New Market, a little below the mouth of Yellow breeches, is this township, on the right bank of the Susquehanna. This village was laid out in 1807, by Wm. Culbertson and Henry Musser, and contains about thirty dwellings population 175 or 180. It contains a small grocery store.
The York and Harrisburg turnpike passes through this township along the Susquehanna river.
Newberry township was erected prior to 1750, and is bounded on the north by Fairview township : east by the Susquehanna river : south by Conewago, and west by War- rington township. It is watered by Horse-shoe creek, or Fishing creek, that glides gently through a valley of the same name. Horse-shoe, or Fishing creek valley, has its name from the peculiar configuration of the hills. The land in this township, especially in this valley, has been much improved by a judicious course of terraculture : the applica- tion of lime, as a manure, and proper rotation of crops.
The township was, at one time, a principal seat of Friends -among the early settlers in Horse-shoe valley, were the Garrets, Wickershams, and others. According to the cen- sus of 1840, there were 12,248 bushels of wheat raised : oats 23,245: rye 14,817; buckwheat 840: corn 23,296 : bushels of potatoes, 2,047: hay 1,366 tons : 41,103 pounds of tobacco gathered. It contains 2 tanneries : four grist mills : two saw mills : one clover mill : one woollen factory : several potteries. Population 1,850. This township con- tains several small towns ---
Yocumstown, a post village, on the road leading from Lewistown to Middletown : laid out by Elijah Yocum, about twenty-five years ago. The first settlers, besides the pro- prietor, were Isaiah Yocum, Daniel Brookhart, Lee Mont- gomery. It is fifteen miles from York. It contains eleven
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
dwellings: one tavern and a store: a school and meeting house : a woollen factory on Fishing creek, erected by Mr. Arnold, now owned by Ginder, and is successfully managed by the Messrs. Heathcoates.
Smoketown, two miles east of Yocumstown, consists of a small cluster of farm houses.
The York and Harrisburg turnpike passes through this township along the Susquehanna river.
Newberrytown, laid out by Cornelius Garretson, about fifty years ago, contains twenty dwellings, one store, two taverns, an extensive pottery, owned by Thomas Wicker- sham, which gives employment to six or more persons: two schools, and a meeting house. The manufacture of cigars and tobacco is carried on to some extent. It is twelve miles from York and thirteen from Harrisburg. Near this place is a Quaker meeting house. Here, and at Lewisberry, the Friends were very numerous at one time-now nearly ex- tinct-these principally embrace Hicks' views.
Lewisberry, on the road leading from Lisbon to York- fourteen miles from the latter, and ten miles from Harris- burg. It was laid out by Eli Lewis rising of forty years ago. Among the first lot holders were the Messrs. Sheafer, Nicholas, Benedict, Mateer, Jacob Kirk and Isaac Kirk. The Kirks were originally from Chester county ; the elder of the Kirks settled here, or vicinity of the town, forty or fifty years before it was laid out. Mr. Jacob Kirk well 4 remembers when the number of houses was five; since his youthful days, many changes have taken place here. Jacob Kirk is among the oldest living in the place.
The town contains between forty and fifty dwellings : two stores, two taverns, one school, and a Methodist meeting house. (There is a German Reformed and Lutheran church near town.) The town contains the usual number of handi- craft. Harry Hammond's Window Spring factory, known
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
almost every where in the United States, is here. He an- nually manufactures and sells, between 30 and 40,000 win- dow springs.
Contiguous to the town is Joseph Potts' Coffee Mill man- ufactory, on Bennett's run. The praise of his mills is heard " from the bosom" of many a fair maid, and coffee drinking matron. A great variety of mechanical branches are skil- fully pursued in this thrifty town. Jacob Kirk excels in mechanical skill.
Lewisberry was incorporated the 2d of April, 1822. The vicinage is quite inviting.
York Haven is on the west bank of the Susquehanna, im- mediately below the Conewago Falls, ten miles north of York, on the turnpike leading from York to Harrisburg. Here the canal, of about a mile in length, around the Falls, ends, and permits the descending trade to avoid the dangers of the rapids, which often proved destructive.
At one time the town bade fair to become a business place. Several large mills were built; the principal one of which has been burnt; and some wealthy capitalists of Baltimore made extensive preparations for sustaining the wheat mar- ket here; but no sooner had the Pennsylvania canal on the opposite side been constructed, than business began to de- cline here; and since the Tide Water Canal has been opened. York Haven is nearly without any trade at all: Its prospects have been blasted. There are several stores and taverns here. Population about 150, or upwards.
Conewago township was erected in 1818, and is bounded on the north by Big Conewago creek, which separates it from Newberry township; southeast by Little Conewago, dividing it from Manchester ; southwest by Dover town- ship. In 1840 it contained a population of 1,068. There were raised 6,910 bushels of wheat; 10,975 oats; 9,920 rye; 93 buckwheat; 16,065 corn; 1,507 bushels of pota-
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
toes ; 889 tons of hay; one tannery, three distillerics, four stores, three grist mills, and three saw mills.
This township is crossed by the Conewago hills. There is one small village in it.
Strinestown, laid out about sixty years ago, by Peter Strein, is about five miles from York, on the road leading from York to Newberry ; it contains twenty dwellings-one store and tavern. The land around it is gravel-some of it is well improved.
Manchester township was erected prior to the organiza- tion of the county; and is bounded on the north by New- berry towhship, east by the Susquehanna river, south by Hellam township, and Spring Garden, southwest by West Manchester; northwest by Conewago; the surface is more level than of the township northward; considerable portion of the soil is limestone, and much of it very productive. The York and Conewago turnpike road passes through this. The population in 1840 was 2,152.
In 1840, 23,045 bushels of wheat raised; 400 barley ; 27,656 rye; 67 buckwheat; 48,735 corn ; 4,583 bushels of potatoes ; 1,879 tons of hay; two tanneries, fifteen distil- leries, one pottery, four stores, two lumber yards, one flour- ing mill, eight grist mills, five saw mills. There are several small towns in this township.
Liverpool, laid out about thirty years ago by William Reeser, is seven miles north of York, on the turnpike lead- ing from York to Harrisburg: it contains between thirty and forty houses -- two taverns, two stores, a Union meeting house. Population, between 230 and 240. The country around it is well improved. The turnpike passes nearly centrally through the township. . 1
New Holland, laid out about forty years ago by Freder- ick Day, is on the bank of the Susquehanna, and contains thirty or more dwellings-three stores, two taverns, and a
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
church, which has been recently built ; the corner stone of which was laid in June. Population about 175. This town has opposite it, Silver Lake Island. Codorus furnace and forge, owned by Grubb and company, are near this. About four hundred tons of bar iron are annually manufactured at this forge.
Hellam, is one of the first organized townships in the county, having been erected more than one hundred years ago : it is bounded on the northeast, and east, by the Sus- quehanna river, south by Lower Windsor township, west by Springfield, north by Manchester: the surface of it gener- ally level; soil, much of it, limestone, and of a very good quality. This town presents a neatness not surpassed by any in the township, in the appearance of farm buildings- these, with the improvement of the farms, arrest the atten- tion of the traveller, either in passing along on the turnpike or railroad, for both pass through this township. Population of the township 1,421.
There was in it in 1840, one furnace, which produced 2,363 tons of cast iron ; also one forge-18,373 bushels of wheat raised, 27,023 oats, 15,819 rye, 28,638 corn, 5,383 bushels of potatoes, 1,007 tons of hay ; 84,195 pounds of tobacco gathered ; two tanneries, six distilleries, eight stores, two lumber yards: bricks and lime manufactured, valued at $2,301 ; five grist mills and four saw mills.
This township was made the scene, at an early day, of strife and contention. It contains an incorporated town, for- merly, and for many years, known as Wright's Ferry.
Wrightsville, formerly Wright's ferry-but since the erec- tion of the Columbia bridge across the Susquehanna at this place, in 1814, it has borne the name by which it is now generally known. The place was first settled by John Wright, Jr., about the year 1730 or 1731, and was the scene
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
of no little disturbance in the days of Cressap, of whom has been spoken in another part of this book. ·
"It was, at one time, in contemplation, to make the ground upon which Wrightsville stands, the site for the Capitol of The United States. General Washington was much in favor of erecting the national buildings here; urging its unrivalled, beauty, its advantageous situation as to security, and ease of access, &c., as the ground of his preferenes; however, a shall majority was against him, and he was defeated in his intentions. It is more than probable that the Capitol of this great nation would have escaped, in the late war, from being enveloped in flames-flames that lighted Briton's fame to the "degraded point of unheard of dastardness and ignomi- ny," had the wishes of Washington prevailed."
This town is pleasantly situated on the right bank of the Susquehanna, at the western end of the Columbia bridge. It occupies an elevated site, sloping very gradually towards the river, commands a scenery of magnificence and grandeur. The borough was incorporated with its present name, April 14, 1834. It contains between sixty and seventy dwell- ings-several stores and taverns. Population about eight hundred. A good turnpike leads from this place through York to Gettysburg, in Adams county, and is continued westward till it connects with the Harrisburg turnpike at Chambersburg. A noble bridge which crosses the Susque- hanna is here. The Susquehanna and Tide Water Canal extends from Wrightsville down the western side of the riv- er. The York and Wrightsville Railroad, connecting with the Columbia and Philadelphia Railroad, passes through the borough. This place may, before many years, become of some note and distinction. It bids very fair to rise emi- nently.
Some Indian relics were found here in 1835. "A brass
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
"Medal has been left at this office"-says the editor of the Columbia Spy-" which, together with several other arti- cles, and a human skull, was dug up a few days since, in Wrightsville, York county, Pa .- It bears on one side, a head, with the inscription, ' George, King of Great Britain,' and on the other, an Indian with his bow and arrow, in the act of shooting a deer. It appears to have been worn as an ornament for the nose or ears. There were found also, two others of similar description-a brass kettle-a string of white beads, one yard and a half in length-some red paint, and twenty-five rings, one of which was dated 1716."
Lower Windsor township, is part of Windsor, which had been erected in 1763-it has been separated from Windsor, and is bounded on the north by Hellam township, east by the Susquehanna river, south by Chanceford, west by Upper Windsor, and north by Manchester. The surface of this township is hilly; soil gravelly loam. Since the construction of the canal, it has been somewhat improved by liming. This township is drained by a branch of Kreutz or Grist creek-by Cabin Branch, Fishing creek, on which Marga- retta furnace, and Windsor forge are, in Canadochly valley. Iron ore is convenient here. There is also a belt of lime-' stone crossing from Lancaster county, found here.
The population of 1840 was 1,687. Wheat raised 13,423 bushels, oats 28,094, rye 13,463, buckwheat 653, corn 19,- 215, potatoes 9,810, 901 tons of hay, 25,610 pounds of to- bacco gathered: one flouring mill, four grist mills, and three saw mills,
Chanceford township, erected prior to 1750, is bounded on the north by Windsor, northeast by the Susquehanna ri- ver, southeast by Lower Chanceford, southwest by Hope- well, and northwest by Windsor : the surface of this town- ship is very much broken and hilly ; soil generally poor, of a gravelly and arenaceous character; but in some places con-
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
siderably improved. Population 1,439. Chancetord has in it one furnace, which produced in 1840, 1000 tons of cast iron; 4,503 bushels of wheat raised, 14,947 oats, 3,661 rye, 945 buckwheat, 9,483 corn, 8,501 bushels of potatoes, 1,038 tons of hay, one tannery, two distilleries, five stores, two grist mills, one saw mill. This township is comprised within the limits of "York Barrens." The Barrens have, however, been in many places rendered fruitful and productive; amply repaying the husbandman for the labor bestowed upon it.
Lower Chanceford formed, originally, part of Chanceford. It was erected in 1807, and is bounded on the northwest by Chanceford township, northeast by the Susquehanna river, south by Peachbottom, southwest by Fawn: surface broken and uneven ; soil gravelly and poor, but beginning to be considerably improved in some parts of it. It has one fur- nace; produced 600 tons of cast iron; one forge produced 320 tons of bar iron. There were in it, in 1840, three hun- dred and forty-four horses, seven hundred and twenty cattle, one thousand four hundred and ninety-seven sheep, one thou- sand three hundred and forty-one swine; poultry valued at $640; wheat 2,568 bushels, 11,149 oats, 1,741 rye, 827 buckwheat, 9,923 corn, 2,255 pounds of wool, 4,793 bush- els of potatoes, 533 tons of hay, 345 cords of wood sold; value of the produce of the dairy $3,343, of orchards $396, value of home made goods $1,072 : one tannery, four stores; capital $8,500: one woollen manufactory: value of mann- factured goods $1,500: one paper mill: value of produce $3,780: three saw mills: total capital invested in all manu- factures, $21,760. There are two churches in this town- ship, both near Orson's mill.
Peachbottom township was erected in 1817, and is bound- ed on the north by Lower Chanceford, northeast by the Susquehanna river, south by the State of Maryland, and west by Fawn township ; the surface is generally level; soil
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
gravel, slate, and rather poor ; but like many of the town- ship north and westward, have been considerably improved within the last ten years. Extensive quarries of roofing slate of a good quality, are worked in the neighborhood of Peachbottom. The quarry is owned by Mr. Williamson, and was opened in 1805. At present from twenty-five to thirty hands are employed at these quarries. Slate is taken out some eighty feet below the surface.
Population of 1840, 1074, bushels of wheat raised 4,412, 12,782 oats, 1,656 rye, 1325 buckwheat, 13,613 corn, 6,184 bushels of Potatoes, 1,014 tons of hay, one tannery, five grist mills, two saw mills, seven stores. There is a church in this township near the Maryland line. This township is watered by Muddy creek which receives Neel's, Holerun, Fishing creek and some other small streams.
Southern townships-these are Fawn, Hopewell, Shrews- berry, old or south Codorus and Manheim.
Fawn township, was one of the original townships when the county was erected ; it is bounded on the north by Low- er Chanceford ; east by Peachbottom ; south by the State of Maryland ; west by Hopewell; the surface of this town- ship is hilly, or greatly undulating ; soil, gravel and of an inferior quality-really poor. It legtimately forms a barren portion of the Barrens. Population 859, and slowly in- creasing.
In 1840 there were raised in it 3,529 bushels of wheat; 12,840 oats; 1,709 rye; 826 buckwheat ; 8,180 corn ; 12,488 bushels of potatoes ; 795 tons of hay ; one tannery ; four grist mills; two saw mills. There are several churches in this township.
Hopewell township was erected in 1768, and is bounded on the north by York township and Upper Windsor; east by Chanceford and Fawn; south by the State of Maryland; west by Shrewsberry and Springfield ; surface of the coun-
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
try, undulating ; the soil is principally: loam, but a portion of it is of a good quality, and considerably improved ; es- pecially in the vicinity of Ebaugh's mill. Population 1,095.
In 1840 there were raised in it 6,206 bushels of wheat, 31,392 oats, 10,247 rye, 1,951 buckwheat, 18,625 corn,. 12,038 bushels of potatoes, 1,628 tons of hay; two tanne- ries, nine distilleries, ten grist mills, eight saw mills, one oil mill.
Mechanicstown or Stewartsville is in this township, near the southern boundary of it, about four miles from Shrews- berry and eighteen miles from York. It is at the head of Deer creek, which flows into Maryland.
Shrewsbury township is one of the original townships, hav- ing been established at the time the county was erected, it is bounded on the north by Springfield, east by Hopewell, south by the State of Maryland, and west by Old Codorus ; the surface of the country is very hilly ; soil gravelly and poor ; but has been, in many places, very much improved by lime, and a proper rotation of culture. The population in 1840 was 1,328.
In 1840, 5,897 bushels of wheat were raised; 13,655 oats; 6,772 rye; 321 buckwheat; 9,116 corn; 10,503 bushels of potatoes, 1,014 tons of hay; two tanneries; ten distilleries produced 75,800 gallons ; seven grist mills ; seven saw mills. This township contains one town.
Shrewsbury, formerly called Strasburg, is thirteen miles south from York, on the turnpike road leading from York to Baltimore. It is quite a thriving little village, population about 400 at present, and was incorporated August 9, 1834. It contains several churches, viz : German Reformed, Lu- theran, Methodist, and one or two school houses, several stores and taverns. The land in the vicinity of this borough, though naturally of an inferior quality, has been much im- proved. Mr. Ludwig Kuntz published a paper here called "Der Amerikanische Scharfschuetz."
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
Old Codorus or South Codorus township, had been erected before the county was organized, is bounded on the north by New or North .Codorus township, east by Shrewsberry, south by the State of Maryland, west by Manheim town- ship : the surface of the country is rolling, soil gravelly and very indifferent, and not much improved. Population 1,131.
There were 3,301 bushels of wheat raised, 242 barley, 6,674 oats, 7,616 rye, 163'buckwheat, 4,593 corn, 4,644 bushels of potatoes, 697 tons of hay; one tannery, twenty- eight distilleries, five grist mills, three saw mills, and seve- ral stores."
Manheim was one of the original townships of the county, and is bounded on the north by Heidelberg township, east by Old Codorus, south by the State of Maryland, and west by Adams county ; the surface of the country is undulating ; loam and some gravel soil-much of it is of a good quality. The Hanover and Maryland turnpike road passes through it. Population 1,525 ..
There were raised in it in 1840, 4,649 bushels of wheat, 135 barley, 10,998 oats, 12,739 rye, 395 buckwheat, 14,322 corn, 7,391 bushels of potatoes, 1,428 tons of hay; thirty- six distilleries, four tanneries, eleven grist mills, twelve saw mills, one oil mill, a paper mill, and a fulling mill. There is a church near Sherman's tavern.
WESTERN TOWNSHIPS -- These are. Heidelberg, Paradise, Washington and Franklin. ::: 1 7. -
Heidelberg township was erected prior to 1750, and is bounded on the north by Paradise, east by North Codorus, south by Manheim, west by : Adams county; the' surface of the country is level, the greater part of the soil is limestone, of a good quality, and much of it well improved. Popula- ton 1,428, exclusive of that of Hanover, which contains 1100.1
12 bushels of wheat, 27,942
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HISTORY OF YORK COUNTY.
oats, 24,796 rye, 24,550 corn, 7,002 bushels of potatoes, 2,193 tons of hay; four tanneries, sixteen distilleries, two storer, nine grist mills, and seven saw mills.
Hanover, laid out by Richard M'Allister, in the year 1763 or '64. It is remarkable for several incidents already mentioned. [See page 295.]
Hanover is six miles from the Maryland line, one from Adams county, 18 from York, 41 from Baltimore, 41 from Frederick, and 16 from Gettysburg. It contains rising of 200 houses, 7 dry good stores, 9 ·taverns, 3. drug stores, 1 hardware store, 5 confectionaries, 1 foundry, 2 machine shops, 2 printing offices, 1 book bindery, 4 coach maker shops, 2 silver platers, 3 watch makers, 4 chair manufacto- ries, 4 tanneries, 1 glove manufacturer, 1 academy, and se- veral, school houses; three churches, viz: German Reformed, Lutheran and Methodist. It would seem, that between 1748 and 1760, a congregation was formed. The name. of the Revd. Lachy appears as the first minister-stationed here in 1769., He was succeeded consecutively by the Reverends Wildbahn, in 1775, Carl Ludwig Boehm, 1775, Christopher Gobrecht, who also had the charge of the Kreutz Kirch, Abbottstown and Bermudian congregations." Mr. Gobrecht was succeeded by the , Revds. Charles Helffenstein, Jacob Weistling, F. W. Bindeman, in 1826 ; Samuel Gutelius, in 1828; Jacob Sechler, the present pastor, in 1837.
As early as 1743, the nucleus of a Lutheran congregation had been collected by the Revd. David Candler, under the name of) the Conewago congregation. The consistory was comprised of Leonard Barnitz and John Morningstar, El- ders; Andrew Lerch and Frederick Gelwitz, Deacons. The Revd. Candler ministered but a short time among his flock here; he died in 1744. From that period the congregation was under the inspection of thaty, has been muc.f Lancs- ter,, till. 1773, when the Relished a paper here called e
Jetz."
8087 8078
974.841 R87 Rupp, Daniel
AUTHOR
History of Lancaster and
TITLE
York counties.
DATE DUE BORROWER'S NAME
4
R. Hesmall Pms. per
nisi
974.841 R87
8087
Rupp, Daniel ¥
History of Lancaster and York counties.
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