USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. III > Part 19
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Waynesburgl:, the county town, is a flourishing vil- lage, and is situated in a beautiful valley near the bank of. Ten Mile creek, about twelve miles from its mouth, and within one mile of the centre of the county; and if the prosperity of a place is promoted by a pure air, good water, a rich and fertile soil, timber and stone, coal, with all the other necessaries of life, and many of its luxuries in abundance, Waynesburgh must prosper; at present the town is incorporated by act of Assembly, and consists of about eighty dwelling houses, many of them elegantly built of brick-and cut stone, contain- ing a population of about 600 individuals; in it there is a meeting house of brick, one other of stone and one of wood in the immediate neighbourhood of the town, an elegant court-house of brick, a stone jail, one brewery, four tanneries, nine stores, aud three taverns; an excellent school is also established, conducted by James M'Connell, Esq., who teachcs the Greek and Latin languages, mathematics, &c. The natural scenery around this place is of a grand and sublime order, and to the attentive observer and admirer of Nature's works, affords the most pleasing and delightful sensations. In a natural point of view, no place can afford scenery more pleasing to the romantic, or even the philosophic mind; the ideas of rural felicity in their most brilliant extent may here be realized. The village next in importance * in Green county is Jefferson, situate also near the bank of Ten Mile creek, eight miles east of Waynesburgh.
There is also New Lisbon, commonly called Carmi- chael town, situate on Muddy creek, a village which has lately flourished to a considerable extent; it pos- sesses the advantage of being surrounded hy land of a superior quality, perhaps the best in the county, and equal to that of any country.
Greensburgh, heretofore a place of business, and near which is an extensive glass work establishment, is situ- ate on the bank of the Monongahela river. These, to- gether with "Mapletown, Clarksville, Newtown, Mount Morris, Morrisville and Clinton, (towns of inferior grade, are all the villages in the county ...
1829.]
AUCTION SYSTEM.
61
TAXABLES IN GREENE COUNTY.
TAXABLES.
| VOTES IN 1828.
|Gen. El.]
Electors
Cumberland,
303
357
247
247
Centre,
123
185
134
81
Franklin,
387
598
311
260
Whitely,
275
329
220
163
Dunkard,
259
235
175
176
Greene,
384
128
95
94
Jefferson,
246
232
163
185
Morgan,
398
290
157
172
Morris,
255
266
185
140
Wayne,
158
187
110
83
Rich hill,
129
151
110
100
Aleppo,
92
134
73
58
Monongahela, taken
off' Green and Dun-
kard since 1821,
223
172
191
3009
3115
2152
1950
By the last census taken under the authority of the United States the total amount of population was
15,554.
Slaves
7.
Free people of colour-Males
127.
Females
127.
15,815
TAXABLES OF JEFFERSON CO. IN 1828.
Townships.
Taxables. 1828.
Deaf & Dumb.
Votes at - Votes at
El. Elec-
General
tions. . Elections.
Pine Creek
48
27
24
Perry
88
3
22
36
Rose ;·
123
1
65
66
Ridgway
26
16
19
Young
73
59
39
Totals.
358
4
189
184
In 1821, there were no commissioners in this county, therefore we have no list of that enumeration, but a list was taken and sent to Indiana. We have no Iron Works yet erected in this county, although it abounds with ore and good streams. The principal trade here is in lum- ber; there are usually from 18 to 20 hundred thousand feet of white pine boards, cut and rafted down the Big Mahoning, Red Bank, Toby and Tionesty creeks to the Allegheny; thence to Pittsburg, and down the Ohio to the different towns or cities. There is also considerable farming for a new settlement -- the price of Iron here, is from six to seven cents per lb. We are not yet organi- zed for judicial purposes, and have no public buildings, nor any public schools; but have our children taught at common schools. Letter to the Editor.
REPORT UPON AUCTION SYSTEM.
The Committee of Ways and Means, to whom were re- ferred sundry memorials from various parts of the United States, praying the imposition of a tax upon Sales of Foreign Merchandise at auction, submit the following Report:
Aware of the deep solicitude which pervades a large portion of the commercial community on the sub- ject referred to them, the Committee have bestowed
upon it ali the attention which this consideration, as well as the intrinsic importance and difficulty of the questions presented for their decision, so obviously de- mand. Several merchants of great respectability and intelligence, who were in attendance as delegates from New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Alexandria, ap- peared before the committee, and stated the results of their experience and observation as to the injurious tendency of selling foreign merchandise at auction. They all concurred in the opinion that the existing sys- tem of auction sales furnishes great facilities for the per- petration of frauds upon the community, as well as upon the public revenue.
Whatever may be the frauds and impositions commit- ed upon the community by means of this mode of sell- ing merchandise, and however obvious the expedieney of repressing these evils, the committee are unanimous- ly of the opinion that the application of the remedy be- longs exclusively to the State Legislatures. The whole subjeet of contracts and sales falls clearly within the province of the state legislation. Whatever form of sale a State may think proper to tolerate, and however im- perfect the responsibility of sellers may be rendered by its legislation, Congress have no power to interpose, unless for the purpose of preserving from violation the laws of the Union, or for carrying into effect the powers granted to the Federal Government.
If, however, sales at auction are the means by whichi frauds are committed upon the revenue, and if they enable foreigners to enter their goods at the custom house at lower rates than the same quality and descrip- tion of goods are habitually entered by American mer- chants, there can scarcely be a question, either as to the power or the duty of Congress to interpose its autho- rity. This remedy, however, should have an appropri- ate and exclusive reference to the evil it is designed to correct .-
A tax upon sales at auction would neither prevent the alleged frauds upon the revenue, nor the alleged ad- vantage enjoyed by foreigners, unless it should amount to a prohibition, and even in that case it would be of doubtful efficacy.
As the Committee believe Congress has no power to act upon the subject, except with a view to preserve the revenue laws from violation, they have reported a bill prescribing certain regulations of sales of foreign merchandise, at auction, which, at the same time that it avoids the objections to which other remedies would be liable, will, it is hoped, go far to correct the evils of which the memorialists complain.
[The bill reported provides, that in all sales by auc- tion of foreign goods, the invoice shall be produced, and that a schedule of the goods, with all the marks and particulars of importation, shall be published. ]
Salmon .- The Susquehanna Emporium says, "For somc weeks the good people of our town have been supplied with an unusual quantity of the choicest sal- mon, justly called 'king of the fresh water fish.' 'They either have not found the sluice of the Shamokin dam, or cannot stem the current, and are caught in immense numbers immediately below it in the Susquehanna .--- Our fishermen have supplied the whole neighbourhood, and several of the finest specimens have been sent in boxes by the stage to Pottsville, Reading, and Philadel- phia."
AUDITOR GENERAL'S REPORT ON BANKS.
The pamphlet report, on Banks, has been received, detailing at length their operations respectively; from which we have, with considerable labour, compiled the following table, which we think presents a more satis- factory view of the information contained in the report, than it gave in the form in which it was presented to the Legislature.
TOWNSHIPS.
1821.
1828.
Cong.
STATEMENT OF SUNDRY BANKS IN THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA,
ON THE FOURTH OF NOVEMBER, 1828, AS REPORTED TO THE LEGISLATURE ON THE FIFTH OF JANUARY, 1829, BY THE AUDITOR-GENERAL.
BANKS.
Capital.
Notes in circulation.
Due other Banks.
Deposits and Dividends unpaid.
Due common-) wealth for tax.
Contingent, surpl's fund or profit and loss and sus- pense acc't.
Bills discounted and receivable.
Bonds, judgments, and mort-
Stocks and loans to companies gages, and & securities collateral securities.
Specie.
Notes of other Banks, or due by them.
Real Estate
Divi- dend per year.
North America. .
1,000,000 00
244,526 61
64,978 27
433,984 48
2000 00
61,223 67 1,045,323 68 70,472 83 236,481 07
101.708 79
68,933 72 300,250 18
43
Philadelphia .
. 1,800,000 00 301,176 00
171,505.00 181,709.00
633,106 00
81,604 00 1,506,384 00 163,369 00 278,276 00
98,301 00.
6
Commercial.
1,000,000 00 193,484 00
60,252 81 267,431 59 :3840 00
25,752 00
1,122,590 77
24,818 50 205,000 00
64,517 97 124,913 40
37,909 66
6
Mechanics .
529,330 00 284,783 00 179,760 92 317,185 99
1431 34
73,715 63
959,327 87
12,164 76| 110,995 41 148,977 24
45,776 97
9
Schuylkill .
500,000 00 322,794 00
201,620 38 380,698 66 1400 00
1600 00
79,641 19
732,660 33
17,427 80
20,000 00
84,218 64 150,161 50
10,000 00
10
Southwark ...
249,630 00 238,755 00
37,096 28 232,228 35 1900.00
12,946 45
635.404 35
96,223 19.
40,928 46
93
Kensington . .
92,740 00 137,315 00
14,630 00 106,579 24
695 10
14,022 66
282,233 68
36,743 51
42,604 43
3,548 50
93
Penn Township.
99,910 00 112,985 00
12,156 91
102,342 97
159 85
500 00
229,142 01
47,723 22
47,277 71
3,911 79
4
6,721,610 00 2504575 61
955,520 17
3250811 76 13026 29
549,971 22
9,242,824 75
450,304 13
1321898 33
968,541 11 1448494 64
612,346 70
Germantown. ..
129,500 00 .
61,067 00
2,035,07
93,328/20
621 60
24,888 12
·· 251,095 26
22,185 99
1,060 00
22,808 53
7,012 21
· 6,910 00
6.
Harrisburg . ..
158,525 00 594,315 94
60,273 18 249,022 91 1014 56|
14,138 86
428,463 45
15,949 86
50,360 00| 112,191 50 425,156 18
45,169 46
8
Pittsburg ..
346,155 50 390,790 00
14,536 60
237,851 91
1658 25
62,153 76
703,393 68
7,965 43
90,911 28
29,391 44 216,202 09
5,282 04
6
Farmers of Lancaster.
400,000 00 181,138 00
12,719 60
123,024 76
1245 52
1,813 73
494,172 86
2,766 50
82,960.25
56,487 49
40,746 13
39,360 12 !
4
Lancaster B ..
134,235 00 140,545 00
4,587 06
36,980 02
410.50
11,860 45
202,601 07
13,160 00
28,520 00
20,250 55
40,767 37
.23,319 04.
''5
300,350 00| 184,715 00
3,180 00
86,005 44
778 46
374,797 38
37,205 84
82,374 00
25,028.37
36,852 36
18;770 95
5
Chester County ...
90,000 00 221,621.00
9,417 72| 222,488 69
720 00
291,270 87
42,920 62 163,000 00
61,195 64|
24,696 93
5,163 00
¥ 10
Delaware County.
77,510 00 76,632 00
453 17
83,301 :32
9,884 53
139,085 26
65,450 90 130,541 251
31,066 18 .
14,995 12
18,755 06
'Easton,
181,140 00 289,311 33
2,309 40 146,134 58
1449 12
39,815 37
427,082 63
54,586 20 .76,869 80
18,064 74 30,300 00
128,622 11
25,500 74
10,370 80
Northampton.
112,500 00 310,897 00
6,826 00
50,956 62 56,953 0S
928 73|
- 3,969 68
6,011 65
263,861 04 128,175 72
748,650 13
· 17,184 00 18,162 29
38,075 78
1
Gettysburg.
125,298 00 76,275 00
20,700 35
23,820 66
501 19
1,017 47
114,129 35
56,004 21
1,722 05
29,455 49
6,433 58
38,860 50
5
Monong. B. of Brownsville
·102,123 00 144,935 00
1,418 50
48,061 74
531 03
1 6,752 33
151,464 90 .
32,610 45
2,412 00
20,214 23
72,377 31
24,742 71
Westmoreland .
112,783 00 181,955 00
5,531 89
40,308 82
541 35
4,493 47|
236,957 29
60,000 00
25,423 21
64,733 03
17,850 00
Farmers of Bucks County
60,090 00
. 75,756 00
3,413 63
38,880 89
103 06
4,970 70
86,398 78
682 89
:12,807 65
9,304 35
30,949 46
19 country banks-Totals 3,442,061 17 3681990 13
10 city
do.
do.
6,721,610 00 2504575 61 955,520 17
3250811 76 13026 29
549,971 22 9,242,824 75
450,304 13 |1320898 33
1043787 65
766,864 99 1243400 06 617,704 72 968,541 11 1448494 64 612,346 70
Grand Totals ...
10163671 17 6186565 74 1,174397 57 5135408 14 27763 72 817,374 58| 14266977 78 1315993 08 2364685 98 1735406 10 2691894 70 1230051 42
* Of this sum the cost and repairs of the Bridge form $237,533 83
62
STATEMENT OF BANKS.
8 5 5 7 7 7 6
York
168,720 00 109,570 00
24,983 26| 148,204 77
944 84
525 17
11,384 78
129,514 73 278,030 00
2,000 00
3,700 00
32,353 99 - 43,791 42
21,040 78
Chambersburg.
246,651 67 213,515 00
14,862 51
51,519 76
1183 92
45,949 01
53,096 02| 124,520 00
13,523 37
34,654 34 57,716 69
16,070 90
Montgomery County.
133,250 00 149,170 50
200 00 105,007 47
533 00
11,732 70
5,445 88
255,381 16
157,260 00 119,257 30
28,128 09
25,691 76
33,119 81
Carlisle. .
168,230 00 139,810 00
11,024 80
42,744 79
1047 13
1,130 87
143,357 30
24,179 60 104,818 57
45,174 57
27,925 13 254,843 64*
Columbia Bridge Compy.
395,000 00 139,971 36
20,404 66
31,810 60 374,219 48
66,246 62
923,981 06|
32,808 50| 109,584 38| 356,476 18
49,909 60
63
Northern Liberties ..
200,000 00 327,197 00
403,035 00
134,319 00 1,805,777 00 174,216 00 437,168 00
143,346 00 237,580 00 173,480 00| 230,642 00
62,739 00
Farmers & Mechanics. . .. 1,250,000 00 341, 560 00
and bills ex- change.
Personal.
[JANUARY
63
3
218,877 40
1884596 38 14737 43
267,403 36 5,024, 153 03 865,688 95
Farmers B. of Reading. .
37,930 91
,63,690 26
1829.]
ADAMS COUNTY.
63
ADAMS COUNTY, PA."
Mr. Samuel Hazard,
Dear Sir,-The plan adopted by you in the publi- cation of your interesting periodical. appears to me so well calculated to prove useful and interesting to the public generally, and more particularly so to-the citi- zens of Pennsylvania, that I.do most cheerfully tender all the aid which it . may be in my power to bestow, to- wards the fund ' of information which you are endea- vouring to collect from the different sections of the state; for record in your Register. In offering my ser- vices on this occasion, I can promise no more than a simple statement of such facts, historical and miscella- neous, relative to this county, as my limited means of information -have enabled me to gather, leaving to you the task of arranging & putting into a suitable dress, such « loose remarks and crude matters of information as you may find in the present communication.
The County of Adams, although not now, strictly speaking, in its infancy, may yet be considered one of the younger branches of the parent stock-having tak- en its name and stand amongst its sister counties in the . year 1800. Itoriginally formed a part of York county, which borders it upon the east, and which, previously to that period, embraced a large extent of territory. This, indeed, was the case with nearly all of the old counties in the state, for, before they were curtailed in their dimensions by the creation of new counties amongst them, many of them embraced double the ex- tent of territory which they now occupy. Such has been the rage for dividing and sub-dividing the state domain, that it may be truly said, that justice has been brought to every man's door. Whether the rise of new counties upon the territory of the old, has generally contributed to the wealth and prosperity of the whole, I cannot pre- tend to say; but if I were to draw my conclusions from facts deduced from the present attitude of our own county, I might venture the opinion, that the act of se- paration has been, as in the present instance, highly advantageous to the seceding party. I believe that Adams county at least, has gained by the measure; al- though it is possible that her neighbour York may.yet have reason to mourn for the loss of so considerable a portion of her estate. This is, however, nothing to the purpose, and may be left for a solution, to better politi- cians than your correspondent professes himself to be.
Adams County is bounded on the east by York and part of Cumberland counties, on the north by Cumber- land and part of Dauphin, on the west by Franklin co. Pa. and part of Washington co. Md. and on the south by Frederick co. Md. and part of York co. Pa. Its aver- age extent from east to west is · miles, and from north to south miles. Its western and southern boundaries are traversed by the first range of mountains west of the Susquehanna, usually called the South Mountain or Blue Ridge. It embraces no navigable waters, although it is crossed, in various directions by a number of small, valuable streams, affording a considerable amount of water power, and furnishing a number of scites for saw and grist mills, of which there are a sufficient number for the accommodation of all our citizens. For want of opportunity of ascertaining their number, I am not able to state how many of them are in operation in the coun . ty. There are eight or ten carding and fulling mills scattered through the county, all of which are in full operation. They arc however, upon a small scale, although their products and manufactures are consider- ed of an excellent quality. The county is interspersed with a number of small towns and villages, amounting to 14 or 15. There are few of your readers who do not know what a Pennsylvania village is-those who have travelled through the interior of the state, can easily embody the picture in their minds-they are generally located at some point where two or more public roads - cross each other, there are many indeed, which have. hardly a "local habitation or a name," being in many
respects any thing but what, in the common meaning, a village is, or what, for all intents and purposes, it ought to be, to entitle it to the appellation. The writer of this, in the course of travel through the state, has often had his expectations in this particular, most griev- ously disappointed. Every public thoroughfare has its range of villages scattered along the road, at irregular distances, according as fancy or convenience might dic- late their location; and every observant traveller, at least makes it his business to learn, when upon the road, the name and other particulars of the several towns through which he will have to pass in the course of his journey. "Full many a time and oft," however, have I been deceived in my anticipations; for often it has hap- pened, that after picturing to my imagination some neat, handsome, regular and well built town, in some "lonely auburn of the plain," I have at last not been able to identify and know it, even when in the heart of the vil- lage. It seems that a village is rather a loose term, for it as often represents a spot where two or three misera- ble dwellings are scattered over the plain, as when re- gular streets and well built houses bespeak the congre- gated multitude. The three indispensables, of a tavern, a store, and a blacksmith-shop, often compose the sum total of a Pennsylvania village.
I am, however, wandering from my subject; I do not wish it to be understood that all of the villages of Adams county partake of the character of those just described, although it must be confessed that there are a few of them, that would not be misrepresented by the sketch. For instance, Cash town, Borough town, Mummasburg and Heidlersburg, neither of which, it will be generally admitted,possessmuch more than the three requisites be- fore stated, with which to support their name and stand- ing amongst the villages that surround them. There are however, others of better pretensions, which may claim some passing notice,viz. Berlin, Abbotts town, Petersburg, (in the immediate vicinity of the York Springs, ) Littles town, Millers town, Oxford, Hunters town, and a few others. The York Springs are situated in this county, within thirteen miles of the town of Gettysburg, the seat of justice for the county, and on the turnpike road leading from Baltimore to Carlisle. They are not so much patronized as formerly, although they are still vi- sited during the season, by many from the cities of Bal- timore and Philadelphia. and from the interior-they are at present kept by Mr. James M'Cork. I am sorry that I have it not in my power to furnish an analysis of their waters. Their medicinal properties have been highly extolled, particularly for their efficacy in cases of debility of constitution. They are generally known by the name of "Sulphur Springs," probably in conse- quence of sulphur being the predominating ingredient. The buildings attached to them are spacious and the ac- commodations unexceptionable.
The soil of the county, generally speaking, is of a mediurá quality, although it embraces a large quantity of land which may be considered as equal to any in the state. The system of farming here has not yet reached so near a state of perfection as in some of the adjacent. counties, and this, in some measure, may be considered as a reason why the agricultural interest stands lower here than it otherwise would do if such improvements as have taken place in other counties were introduced into our own. One of the. peculiar characteristics of the citizens of this county is an attachment to old ha- bits and forms, and unfortunately for their own interest, they have permitted this love and partiality for old cus- toms, and consequently prejudice against innovations of any kind, to influence them so much as to dispose them to reject many improvements calculated to prove advantageous and salutary in their operation. The city of Baltimore is the nearest market for the products of our soil, the average distance being about sixty miles. The main productions are wheat, rye, corn, barley, oats, &c., in addition to which a large quantity of pork is annually hauled to said city for sale. The county is
64
MISCELLANEOUS.
[JANUARY
connected with Baltimore at different points by two turnpike roads passing through it.
Gettysburg, the Seat'of Justice for the county, is a brisk and pleasant town, containing about 1500 inha- bitants, who are principally engaged in mechanical pur- suits. It stands in an elevated situation, upon a point of ground where the Philadelphia and Baltimore turn- pike roads meet in their course. to Pittsburg,- at the clistance of 114 miles from Philadelphia, and 52 from Baltimore. By means of its location, it enjoys a con -. siderable share of the travelling between those cities and the west. At the last session of the' Pennsylvania Legislature, a subscription of $20,000 towards the stock of a company for making a turnpike road from Gettys- burg to Hagerstown in Maryland was granted, but in consequence of not succeeding in obtaining subscrip- tions for the balance of the stock necessary to the con- struction of the road, nothing has been done towards the accomplishment of this desirable work. This road would connect Philadelphia and Wheeling by a continuous turnpike, and in the opinion of all acquainted with the subject, would greatly promote the interests of Phila- delphia. The distance to turnpike would be about 32 miles.
Gettysburg was laid out some few years before the organization of the county by Mr. James Gettys, now deceased, and is at this time considered, in' point of external . appearance and otherwise, inferior to few towns in Pennsylvania of the same size. There are few places within the state embracing more intelligence amongst its citizens, and in which the moral and social feelings are more sedulously cultivated. It may be re- marked by the way, that at least in one of the foregoing characteristics, a - salutary reform has taken place with- in'a period of ten or twelve years past. Perhaps one of. the best influences in insuring at least a continuation of this state of things, will be the location of the" Theo- logical. Seminary of the Lutheran Church in the Uni- ted States, in this town. . This institution commenced its operations here between twoand three years since, and is at this time in the full tidle of successful experi- ment. It is at present under the immediate superin- tendance of Professor Schmucker, well known as a gentlenan of high literary attainments, and as possess- ed of superior qualifications as a professor and divine. It is contemplated to establish a second professorship.
The public buildings are a court house, situated in the centre of the town square, an academy, a gaol, a bank, a building for the use of the county offices, and four churches; two belonging to Presbyterian, one to the Methodist, and one to the German Lutheran so- cieties. Their pulpits are respectably filled. Of stores there are nine, taverns seven, drug stores, two, &c. &c. The town is supplied with good water by means of pipes leading from a spring within its limits, We are not at a loss for gentlemen of the liberal pro- fessions, In addition to fivé or six divines, we have a bar embracing 8 or 10 members in regular gradation as to practice and standing, and 5 physicians, all respec- table in their profession. We have also three news- paper establishments, one of them Gerinan, and the other two- English- the two latter, by the bye, always contriving to be at dagger's points in every political engagement. The town is famed for the manufacture- of carriages of every description, from the large pon- derous mail stage, down to the light and easy sulkey .. It is supposed, that including all the workmen engaged both remotely and immediately in this business, there are not many less than sixty or eighty hands employed in this branch of manufacture alone.
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