USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. III > Part 65
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1829.1
MACAULEY'S FLOOR CLOTH MANUFACTORY ._
235
spring and Conococheague creek, 143 miles west of Philadelphia, 77 N. W. of Baltimore, and 90 N. W. of Washington. The site on which it is located, was se- lected about a century since for its advantages of wa- ter power and soil by Colonel Benjamin Chambers, for his residence and settlement, in a wilderness, through - which at that time the Red men and ani- mals of the forest alone roamed. He erected a dwel- ling, and the first mills in the county, which he sur- rounded with a fort that sheltered, from the incursions of the savages;his family and others who were induced to settle in the neighbourhood. The town of Chambersburg was laid out in 1764, but remained a small village until after the peace of 1783, and the erection of Franklin as a separate county in 1784, since which it has enjoyed a progressive improvement. It contains at present about 500 houses, generally built of brick and stone of sub- stantial and many of them of tasteful architecture. The population at present may be estimated at about 3000, having in the town a population of between two and three hundred beyond the borough limits. Its public buildings are a brick Court House, Jail, building for county offices, eight Churches, an extensive Academy of brick, three stories high, and capable of accommo- dating a great number of pupils, a Banking House of a superior style of architecture, and a Masonic Ilall of neat and elegant structure. It contains a great many stores, manufacturing and mechanics shops, and pub- lic houses of entertainment. In it are published three weekly newspapers, two of them English and one Ger- man. Its population is of steady, industrious, moral and religious habits, and not deficient in enterprise. Its water power now gives- operation to two mills for the manufacture of flour, 6 pair of stones, two fulling mills, a paper mill, a cotton and woollen manufactory, oil mill, carding machines, and a manufactory of edged tools. The water power in and within five miles of Chambers- burg is equal to the propelling 100 pair of stones, and which furnishes facilities for manufacturing purposes, not surpassed in any part of the state, and is surrounded by a healthy country, of great fertility, in a high state of cultivation and improvement. It has the advantage of a stone turnpike road to Philadelphia, by the way of Harrisburg, and also one by the way of York, and a like road to Baltimore and Pittsburg.
The towns of Greencastle, Waynesburg and Mercers- burg, are considerable, each having a number of neat and substantial brick and stone houses-various edifices for public worship-many stores and public houses, and surrounded by a country to be admired for the beauty of landscape, fertility of soil, and the handsome and comfortable improvements of its independent proprie- tops. There are also the towns of Loudon and Camp- bell'stown, which have sprung up within a few years on the western road, and contain many good dwelling houses; to these may be added Strasburg, Fannettsburg, Roxbury and several thriving villages.
Much has been done to facilitate the intercourse of the inhabitants of this county with each other, and be- tween different parts, by the convenience of roads and bridges; there are in the county upwards of 400 miles of public roads laid out and repaired at the public ex- pense; of this there are about 63 miles of stoned turn- pike, to the construction of which the inhabitants of this county have contributed, and paid, exceeding $220,000
In it are twenty-three extensive stone bridges, which have been erected by the county, township, and turn. pike companies.' There are 40. churches in which reli- gious instruction is regularly dispensed, and christian ordinances piously observed.
A great proportion of the dwellings of the inhabi- tants, are made of stone and brick; and in the limestone country nearly all the barns and stables for grain and cattle are built of the same material.
The assessment of property recently made under the · direction of county officers, for the purpose of taxation, I gives a total of $6,668,495. These assessments are gc-
nerally about 25 per cent. below what the owners of the property would be willing to take for it. Though the assessment of real property in this county in 1814 amounted to $11,500,980, yet when we consider the depreciated rag currency of that year, there is no rea- son for discouragement at the apparent reduction, which is now measured by the sound circulating medium of specie or its representative.
As this is offered as a sketch towards the physical geo- graphy of the county, we omit describing the religious, moral and intellectual condition of the population, fur- ther than by stating, that education is encouraged, good morals and industrious habits promoted, and religious institutions respected and reverenced. FRANKLIN
FLOOR CLOTH MANUFACTORY.
Extract from the Report of the Committee appointed by the Board of Managers of the Franklin Institute to view Mr. Isaac Macauley's Floor Cloth Manufactory.
"State, that they were appointed by the preceding Board, at the instance of Mr. Macauley, to view his es- tablishment at Bush Hill, in consequence of attempts having been made to influence public opinion unfavour- ably towards his manufactures, by drawing unfair com- parisons between it and the foreign fabric.
"One of the leading objects of this institution has been that of introducing the consumer to the producer; and while they would decline any interference between rival manufacturers of our own country, the Board deem it entirely within the spirit of their duty to allay, if pos- sible, any prejudice that may exist against our own pro- ducts, where the foreign comes in competition, and wherever the former is worthy of protection. Under these views the Committee was appointed, with instruc- tions to wait on that gentleman, which they have done.
Mr. Macauley afforded them an opportunity of view- ing his extensive and interesting Manufactory through- out, and observing the operations, in all their details. They therefore have no hesitation in risking their repu- tation for judgment in this article, by giving their opi- nions that the Oil Cloths of all descriptions made by him, were equal to any they have ever seen, and pre- sented great evidence of the improvements made in this manufacture, since it has been in Mr. Macauley's hands.
The large Floor Cloths which the committee first examined, are made from flax or hemp, and wove in pieces of 21 feet wide and 60 feet long, (making 140 square yards in cach piece, without scam, ) when finish- ed they are suspended the above size in a drying house, an edifice admirably contrived for the purpose, where they gradually harden, until they are fit fur use, which, we were informed, required at least 12 months. Of this, the committee could have no doubt, as they found from 14 to 15,000 yds. finished in a handsome style, most of which have been there more than a year. On examina- tion, they were found to be strong, very hard, well fill- ed with paint and varnish of the best quality, and exhi -. bited no tendency to peel off or stick. The patterns are well selected, to imitate Brussels and other carpeting, colours rich and bright.
" In the fabrication of lighter cloths for covering ta- bles, &c. Mr. M. has been eminently successful. İn the large quantity of 15 or 20,000 yds. suspended in various parts of the premises, the committee saw none which would not do credit to any maker. They were well made and elastic, the fabric is of cotton, covered with gum elastic and other varnishes, (for which improvement Mr. M. has obtained a patent,) without any of the crumbling mixture, so often found in German cloths. The surfaces were smooth, and beautifully figured and bordered, in all widths from 2-3ds to 6-4ths.
We understand, that by the introduction of labour- saving machinery, he is enabled to reduce the prices of his cloth, and at the same time maintain its reputation for good quality, offering them for sale at a reduction of 10 to 12} per cent. JAS. RONALDSON, Ch'm. Philadelphia; Feb 10, 1828.
,
236
METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER.
APRIL
METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER, FOR 1827, Taken at the State Capitol at Harrisburg, by WILLIAM MUSGRAVE, Librarian. JANUARY.
Thermometer.
Barometer.
Days of the Month.
Wind.
Days of the Month.
Weather.
Max. 28, 41º 2-3
Max. 3, 8 29.80
6, 7, 11, 24, 25, 26.
6 ds. N. 5, 6, 7, 16, 17.
5 days clear.
Min. 17th 8º}
Min. 2d 28.85
29, 30.
[21.
E 3, 10, 15, 18, 19, 20, 24, 25,26 9 pt. clear, p. cl.
Dif. of ex. 33
Dif of ex. 00.95
2,3,4,5,13,17, 18,19,20, 10 W |1, 4, 11, 13, 14, 21, 22, 29.
8 cloudy, no rain
Mean of ex 25
Mean ex. 29.323 8, 9, 10, 12, 22, 23, 27. 7 N E 2, 8, 9, 12, 23, 27, 28, 30, 31. [9 snow or rain. 1, 14, 15, 16, 28, 31. 16 NW
FEBRUARY.
Max. 28th, 53° ¡Max. 31st 29.85)14.
11 day N|1, 8, 12, 14, 20, 22.
Min. 12th, 22 Min. 24th 28.96 2, 4, 24.
E 6, 7, 10, 11, 16, 17, 18, 23.
Diff. of ex. 31 Diff. ex. 00.89 6, 11, 18.
Mean ex. 37 } |Mean ex. 29.40 7, 9, 15, 25, 28.
5 N E 2, 3, 5, 15, 21, 24, 28.
6 days clear. 8 p. clear p. cl'y 7 cl'y; no rain. 7 snow or rain.
1, 8, 10, 16, 17, 19, 22 5, 26, 27. 3 SE 3, 12, 13, 20, 21, 23. 6 SW
MARCH.
Max. 27, 62º2-3 Max. 25th 30.00)4, 9, 10, 24.
4 ds. N.|3, 5, 8, 11, 16, 17, 21, 23, 24 9 days clear.
Min. 3d, 34 - Min. 15th 29.05 31.
1
E 2, 6, 9, 10, 13, 15, 20, 30, 31|9 part cl. p. cl'y
Diff. ex. 28 2-3 Diff. ex: 00.95 21, 22, 27.
3
S 4, 22, 25, 26, 27, 29
6 cloudy ; no rain
Mean ex. 48 2-3 Mean ex. 29.5 14, 19, 28, 29. 4 W 1,7, 12, 14, 18, 19, 28
3 NE
1, 6,7. 15, 18, 25, 26: 4 SE 2,3,8,11,12,13,15,16,17 11 NW 23. [20.30.1 S W
- APRIL.
Max. 14, 69º2-3|Max on 3d 30.00141, 18. 22, 27.
Min. 17, 45 Min. +5th 29.00 14, 15, 21, 23, 28.
5
E 3.6.17.20.22.25.29.30
Diff: ex. 24 }
Diff. ex. 1.00 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20.
6
S
18. 11.15. 19
Mean ex. 57 + Mean ex. 29.50 7, 13, 16, 17, 19.
9. 8, 12,.25, 26, 29, 30.
1
NE
6 NW
1, 6, 24.
13 s wi
9 days clear. 8 pt clear,pt cl'y 4 cloudy, no rain 9 on wh. it rn'd!
MAY.
Max. 27, 76° } |Max. 25th 29.80 1, 12, 19, 29, 30, 31.
Min. 1st 44 Min. 6th 29.23 13,14,20,21,22,24,25 26 8
Diff. ex. 32 & Diff. ex. 00.57 4.
Mean ex. 60 1-6 Mean ex. 29.50 1, 7, 10.
3
N E 10, 15, 21, 22, 23, 28.
5 cloudy, no rain 6 rain, thun. l'ng
2, 3, 8, 9, 17. 18. 15, 27. 15, 6, 16, 23, 28. 5 sw
JUNE.
Max. on 14, 78° Max. 12th 30.00;1, 2, 17, 24.
.
4 ds. N|1,2,6,7,10,11,15,16,17,18,23, [13 days clear .. 24,29 E 5, 9, 13, 17, 19, 25, 31
Diff. of ex. 28
Diff. ex. 00.55 19, 20, 21.
3 S 20
Mean of ex. 64 Mean ex. 29.32 16, 26, 28.
4,9, 10, 11, 18, 25. " 14, 22, 23, 29.
15, 30. 3, 7, 12,13, 27.
5 SE
JULY.
Max. 3d, 86° Max. 6, 7, 30.00 13, 22, 26, 27.
4 ds. N|1,4,6,13,15,18,19,27,28,29,30 |12 days clear.
31.
Min, 25, 66 } Min. 26th 29.587, 24, 25. 3 E 2,3,5,10,16,17,20,21,22,26 S|9, 23,24
Diff. ex. 19 2-3 Diff. ex. 00.42 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 19, 20.
Mean ex. 76 1-6 Mean ex. 29.34 6, 17, 21. 15, 16. 5, 18, 29
2 NE
3 NW
1 SE
23. 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, 28, 30, 31 8 AUGUST.
SW
Max. 5th 86° Max 24th, 30.01|12, 17, 18, 21, 22.
Min. 26th 63 Min. 27th 29.32 8, 20, 25.
Diff. ex. 23 Diff. ex. 00.69 6, 31,
Mean ex. 74 + Mean ex, 29.21 11.
2,7, 9, 24, 26, 27, 28 13, 23. 3, 19.
5 ds. N1, 4, 8, 10, 13, 22, 23, 28 3 E 2,7, 9, 14, 20, 24, 29, 30
2 S 17, 25.
1 W 3,5,11,12,15,16,18,19,21,26,
7 NE 27,31.
2 NW
1,4,5,10,14,15,16,29,309
12 SE SW
7 pt clear pt cl'y 1 cloudy, no rain
Min. on 23, 50 Min. 22d 29.45 5, 6, 8.
3
3 6 NE
W 3,4, 14, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28 9 rain, thun. l'ng
4 NW 2 SW
7 3 W 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 25
10 p. clear p. cly 3 days cloudy 6 rain, thun. I'ng
9 days clear. 8 part clear 2 cloudy 12 rain,thun.l'ng
16 ds. N|1,4,8,11,12,14,18,26,27,29,30 11 days clear. E 3, 5, 9, 13, 16, 17, 19, 25, 31 9 pt clear pt cl'y W/2, 6,7, 20,24 1
6 NW 12 SE
4 days N|1.2.7.10. 13.14.18.26.27
5 WV 4.5.9.12.16.21.23 24.28.
7 snow or rain.
3 3 W 4, 9, 13, 21,25, 26,27.
1829.]
METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER.
237
· SEPTEMBER.
Thermometer.
Barometer.
Days of the Month.
Wind.
Days of the Month.
Weather.
Max. 3d
77° Max. 8th 30.00 21,22,23.24,25,26,27,28|10 ds. N|1.2.3.4.5.6.9.15.16.24.28.29.30 13 days clear.
Min. 28th
54 Min. 19th 29.50|2,4,5,6,7,8,9. - [29,30|7
F|8.10.11.12.13.14.17.23.25
Diff. ex. 23 Diff. ex. 00.50 1, 3, 13.
3 S 7.20.21.26.27
Mean ex. 65
Mean ex. 29.30|12, 18.
2 W 18.19.22
9 pt clear pt cl'y 7 cloudy. 3 on wh. it rain'd
OCTOBER.
Max. 3dl
67º Max. 31st 30.00|6,16,17,18,19,20,28, 31|8 ds. N14. 7. 11. 16. 19.27. 31.
7 days clear.
Min. 26th 4.5 Min. 22d 29.15 13.
1
E 6. 15. 17. 18. 20. 25. 26. 28. 18 partly clear.
Diff. ex. . 22 Diff. ex. 00.85 5, 9.
2 S 1. 5. 12. 21. 23. 29.
6 cloudy.
Mean ex. " 54 Mean ex. 29.12 7,15,23,24,25,26,27. 7
W 2. 3.8.9. 10. 13. 14. 22. 24. 30 10 on which it
2,4,8,11,12,14,21,22,30 9 NE
rained.
10.
1 NW
1, 3, 29. 3 SW .
NOVEMBER.
Max. 4th 61° [Max. 1st 30.20| 1,2,14,15,16,17,18,1)
18 ds. N|1. 5. 14. 17. 23. 25. 27.
Min. 21st 30 Min. 19th 29.40 3, 7, 11, 12.
E 4. 9. 10. 15. 18. 22. 24. 26.
Diff. ex. 31 Diff. ex. 00.80 4,8,9,23,24,25,26,27.
8 W 8. 19.20.21.28.
Mean ex. 45 & Mean ex. 29.35 6, 10, 29, 30.
4 N E 2.3.6.7.11.12.13.16.29.30
15, 13, 20, 21, 22,28. 6 NW
DECEMBER.
Max. 15th 48º ĮMax. 8th 29.90
24.
1 day N 2. 13.23.
Min. 23d 23 Min.28th 28.75
5, 6,7, 9, 27, 28.
6 E 3.11.12.19.20.21.26.29.31
Diff. ex .- 25 Diff.of ex. 1.15
1, 2, 20, 29, 30, 31 6 W 1. 14. 24. 25. 30
Mean ex. 35 3 Mean ex. 29.323 8,10,14, 15,17, 18,25,26 8
N E 4.5.6.7.8.9.10.15.16. 17.18.22|14 on which it 27. 28.
snow'd or rained
11, 12, 19, 21, 22, 23. 6 N W 4,16. 12 SE
3, 13.
12 s w
The coldest day, January 17th-Thermometer 1º above Zero. The hottest day, July 3-Thermometer 90º above Zero. The greatest force of the wind January 16th and 31st. The greatest fall of snow Jan. 9. The heaviest rains fell on Feb. 24, March 20th, April 12, 24, 28, May 10, 22, June 9, 14, 22, 28, in Thunder gusts. August 12, 15, 16, 26, in Thunder gusts. September 18, 20. Oct. 9, 22. Nov. 7. Dec 8. 10. 28. RECAPITULATION -- There were in the year 96 days clear-111 days partly clear, partly cloudy-54 days cloudy. without rain-and 104 days on which it snowed or rained.
Not being provided with either Rain Guage or Hygrometer, the quantity of rain and moisture could not be ascer- tained.
. JANUARY, 1828.
Thermometer.
Barometer.
Days of the Month.
Wind.
Days of the Month.
Weather.
Max. 7th 53.2-3 Max. 22d 29.85 5 8 22
Min. 22d 20° Min. 3d 29.25 4 24 27
Diff.of ex.33.2-3 |Diff.of ex. . 60|2 6 9 11 12 13 14 16 8
Mean ex. 36 ₺ (Mean ex. 29.15 10 25 26
1
Mean temperature from three 3 18 19 30 31
5 SW 2 6 14 27
daily observations. 20
7 15 17 21 23 28 29 7
12 ds. N|13 19
12 days clear
Min. 12th 27 ° Min. 28th 28.05 2 5 15 18 Diff. of ex.30.1-3 | Diff.of ex.1.80 § 14 24 Mean ex. 45.1-6| Mean ex. 28.50,6
13 26 27
13 S 5 615 24
13 cl'y no rain 15 pt clear pt rain 4 steady mod. r. 2 heavy rain.
Mean temperature from three 1 3 4 7 8 9 21
daily observations. 19 20 22 28 29 10 11 12 25
17 SW 2 28 5 . W |The highest winds were on 4 NW the 25, 27, 28th.
MARCH.
Max. 28th 67º Max. 20th 29.7014 7 13 16 25 31
Min. 4th 31 } Min. 14th 29.17 2 10 11 12 17 18 23 24 9 Diff.of ex.35.2-3 |Diff.of ex. . 60 8 9 27 30 Mean ex. 49.1-6 Mean ex. 29.49|14 19 20 1 6 28 29
[26 4 3 SE 4 9 12 14 24 30-31 E 10
4. SW 2 23
1 W|11
4 NWhigh winds were on 3,15,16,21 * Peach in blossom.
7 days clear
1 cl'y no rain 7 p clear p rain 2 rain and snow 1 heavy rain
Mean temperature from three[3 daily observations.
5 15 21 22
3days N 5 20 21 28 3 NE 157 9 17 19 22 24 29 30 31 E 4 .
3 - SE 3 8 10 12 13 16 23 25 26
1 . S
4 days clear. 12 p clear p cl'y 1 cl'y no rain 9 pt cl'y pt rain 4 heavy rain
FEBRUARY.
Max. 7th 57.2-3(Max. 14th 29.85 16 17
NE 34 8 11 16 17 20 21 25 26 28 29|12 p clear p cl'y 12 E 12 14 22
1 SE 1 7 9 10 27
1 W The greatest force of the NW/wind was on 15, 21, and 28th.
7 days clear. 8 partly clear. 5 cloudy. 10 on which it rained.
[3 days clear. 9 pt. clear pt.cl'y 5 cloudy; no rain
15, 16, 17, 19. 20. 10.
5 NWI 1 -SE
11, 14.
2 SW
16 ds, N|13 17 20 22 25* 28 29 NE 1 3 57 8 15 16 18 19 21 26 27 13 p clear p cl'y
1
238
METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER.
[APRIL
APRIL 1828.
Thermometer.
Barometer.
Days of the Month,
Wind.
Days of the Month.
Weather.
Max.29th: 59.2-3 (Max. 9tl: 29.70|16
Min. 14th 35. Min. 30th 29.28 4 13 14 17 18
Diff.of ex.24.2-5 |Diff. of ex. . 42 19 20 24 25 26 30
Mean cx. 47.1-6 Mean ex. 29.49 2
9 10
Mean temperature from three 8 27 28 29
daily observations ..
MAY.
Max. 4th 73º (Max. 1st 29.82|28,
Min. 2d.
52
Min. 30th 29.08 1, 2, 5, 12, 14, 20, 21,
Diff. of ex. 21 Diff.of ex, .74 13,
Mean ex. 62 } Mean ex. 29.45 11, 29,
3, 4, 10, 19, 25, 124,30,31, 6,7,8,9,15,16,17,18,22, 23, 28, 126,
11 NW.7.11.12.13.27.31.
6 high winds.
JUNE.
Max. 25th 83º Max. 22d ·29.80|6, 9, 19,
Min. 2d 63.2-3
Win. 8th 29.30 11,
.
Diff. of ex.20
Diff'. of ex. . 50 2,
Mean ex. 73 }
Mean ex. 29.55:4,5, 21,23,26,27,28,29, 8
Mean temperature from three 1,3,7,8,10,12,13,15,16,
daily observations. .
17,18,22,24,25,30,
114, 20,
2 NW
JULY.
Max. 26th 85 ° |Max.30th: 29.66 5, 20,
Min. 4th 65
Min. 14th29.31
[13,
Diff. of ex.20 Diff.of ex. . 35 |30,
Mean cx. 75.2-3 Mean ex. 29.483 6, 7, 8, 12, 14,15,16,17,
18,19,21,22, 23, 24, 25, 26,31,
17 SW [gust.
1,2,3,4,9,10,11,27,28,29|10 NW|Wind violent during the thund.
AUGUST.
Max.30th 84.2-3|Max. 22d 30.00 |19, 26,
Min. 4th 65.2-3 Min. 15th 29.4343, 4, 5, 6, 7,
Diff'.of ex. 19 [Diff.of ex. .263 31,
Mean ex. 75.2-3 Mean ex. 29.263|28, 29, 30,
22, 23, 25,
Mean temperature from three 8,9,10, 11, 13, 14,15, 16, daily observations.
117,21,24,27, 1,2,12,18,20,
12 SW Light breezes thro' the month, 5, W|at times, but generally calm.
SEPTEMBER.
Max. 1st 78º [Max. 10th 29.85 |9, 16, 17, 18, 28,
Min. 30th 58
.Min. 3d 29.40 8,
Diff. of ex. 19.2-3 Diff.of ex. . 45 11, 12, 19, 20, 21, 22,
Mean ex. 68 3 |Mean ex. 29.624 23,
6, 13, 14, 15, 30,
Mean temperature from three 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 29, days observations. 24, 25, 26, 27,
5 ds. NE[10.11.12.13.26.
5 days clear.
1 6 E 1.5.6.7.18.19.20.21. 22.23. 24. 16pt clear pt cly SE 4.17. [25.27.28.29.30. 2 pt cl'dly no rn. 5 1 SW 2.3. S 8.9.14.15.16. 5 p clear. p show. 2 steady rain.
8 W Some stiff breezes of wind du-
4 NW ring the time of the showers.
OCTOBER.
Max. 10th 06.2-3| Max. 21st 30.15|2,3,4,6,11,16,21,22,24,|
Min. 16th 37 } |Min. 28th 29.23|19, 20, 27,-
Diff.of ex.29 - Diff. of ex. . 92 30, 31,
2
E
|11,31,
2 SE 4,22,23,24.
1 SW 18,19,25,
1 W 5,27,
11ds.clear no cl. 7 pt clear pt cl'y 2 cloudy no rain. 4 p foggy p clear 3 smoky & calm. 2 pt cly, pt rain.
2 steady rain.
NOVEMBER.
Max. 4th 65.2-3|Max.13th 30.00 |15,
1dayNE|9,10,24,25,26,
1, 2, 11, 14, 21, 22, 27, 7
. F. 5,6,7,,12,13,17,18,21,23,29,
2 S 15,16,
15 SW |11,
12 W 4,8,19,27,30,
13 NW|14,
1,2,3,20,22,28,
15 days clear. 10pt clear p cly. 2 cloudy no rain. Ifog'y &cly nor. 5 pt cloudy part rain.
Mean température from three 5,6,7,8,12, 13,17,18,20,
daily observations.
23,24,25,30,
5
NE 23 7 10 11 12 18 23 24 28 29
6 E 6 17 19 22 25 27 1 S 4 21
2 SW 13 14 20 26 30
6 days clear. 11 p clear, p.cl'y. 6p cl'y, pr. or s. 2 steady mod. r. 5heavy P.or snw.
[23'4 W |Wind in general throughout the month
1 3 5 67 11 12 15 21 22.11 NW|not more than a stiff brecze.
1 day N|4,5,8,9,10,11,16,24,
8 days clear.
7
E 6,7,12,15, 19,20,23,25,27,28,29 11 pt clear pt cl.
1 SE 3,13,14.17.18,22.30.31.
12 S|1.
5 SW 21,
3 W 2.26.
8 pt cl'y pt rain. 1 cl'y no rain. Isteady cold rn'. 12 heavy, rain.
1 NE|
3 ds. N 1.4.5.13.14.15.20.21.25.26.
E 3.6.7.8.9.10.16.17.19.22.23.28. 14pt clear pt cly
10 days clear.
1
1
.
SE 2.11.12.18.24.27.
[29.30.6
do do
part thund. gust
S No high wind's but, during with heavy rain 15 SW the Thunder-gusts. and sometimes large hail. -
12 ds. N|5.6.12.18.19:23.24.25.30.31.
1
SE 2.3.11.15.17.21.22.27.28.29.
1 S 1.4.7.8.9.10.13.14.16.20.26.
10 days clear. 10pt clear pt cly 11 pt cloudy pt thund. gust with heavy rain.
2 ds. N 2.9.13.15.16.18.19. 20.21. 22. 16 days clear.
NE|1.14.17.26.27.31.
[23.24.25. 6pt clear pt cl'y.
5
1
E 5.6.
[28.29.30. 2 cloudy no rain.
13 SE |3.7.8.10.11.12 .- 6pt cl'y p shors. 3 S 4. 1heavy steady r.
Mean ex. 52 Mean ex. 29.69|1, 18, 17,
Mean temperature from three daily observations.
5, 7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,23
25,26,28, 12 NW 1,20,
[29, 16 ds. N|6,7,8,9,10,12,15,16,17,26,29,
3 NE 2.3,13,14,21,28,30,
Min. 18th 33.2-3 Min. 22d 28.75 Diff.of ex.32 Diff.of ex. 1.25 3, 19, Mean ex. 49.2-3|Mean ex.29.373 4, 10, 26, 28, 29, 9, 16,
1 p snow, p cl'y. 6 steady heavy r.
1
1 day N|1 5 8 9 15 16
1829.]
METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER. -
239
DECEMBER.
-
Thermometer.
Burometer.
Days of the Month.
Wind.
Days of the Month.
Weather.
Max. 4th 53º
Max. 1st 29.96
13, 14,
Min. 31st 26 3
Min. 2d 29.49
6, 22,
2 dls. N|1,5,8,12,16,19,23,24,25,26,30, 11 days clear. 2 SE 2,3,4,10,14,15,17,18,20,21,22,
15 pt clear p cly.
Diff.of ex.26.2-3|Diff.of ex. . 49
24, 31,
2 S7, [27,28,29,31, 1 cloudy no rain.
Mean ex. 39-2-3|Mean ex. 29.723 2, 3, 9, 15,16,23,26,27,
28, 29,
10
sw|6,9,11,13,
4 part cloudy, pait rain or snow.
" The morning, of the 22d January, was the coldest, Thermometer at 11, above Zero. The noon, of the 28th, June, was the warmest in the year, Thermometer at 98.º Range in the year 87.º
The highest winds were on January 15, 21, 28, February 25, 27, 28th (29th stormy.) March 3d 15, 16, 21st. April 5, 7, 8. 23. May 7, 11, 12, 13, 27, 31. July 1st 26. October 2d 4,12,13,14,15. December 11,25th. All these , high winds, were from the west side of the Meridian.
There was snow- on January 10, 23. February 15,24. March 2,4, April.13,14.November 14th.December 6,7. The deepest snow (7 inches) was on April 14th.
The heaviest rains were on, January 2, 6, 14, 27. April 13, 20, 26. May 2, 17, 30. June 3, 11, 12. July 1, 7. August 11. September 23. October 5. Those on the 17th May and the 1st July were attended with vivid light- ning, loud thunder, heavy rain, and large hail.
RECAPITULATION-There were in 1828, 98 days clear,; not a cloud to be seen, 142 days partly clear, partly cloudy, 15 days cloudy, without rain, 69 days part cloudy, part rain. 10 days light rain, or, snow. 31 days heavy rain.
A COMPARATIVE VIEW
Of the Mean Temperature of each Month (omitting fractions,) and also, of the number of days in each month, on. which there has been rain, (snow included) in the years 1826, 1827, 1828.
1826
1827
1828
1826
1827
1828
Months.
Mean Tempera- tnre.
Mean Tempera- ture.
Mean Tempera- ture.
Showers
Light Rain
Heavy Rain
Showers
Light \ Heavy Rain
Rain
Showers
Light Heavy Rain Rain
January
28°
25°
36°
5
1
2
2
3
3
9
1
4
February
39
37
42
2
3
3
2
4
4
5
4
2
March
48
48
49
4
9
2
5
2
2
7
2
1
April
41
57
47
3
5
5
5
2
4
6
2
5
ÍMay
69
60
62
4
0
2
1
1
4
8
1
2
June
75
64
73
7
8
4
7
1
3
6
0
0
July
76
76
75
9
1
0
3
4
2
11
0
0
August
76
74
75
6
2
2
6
3
5
6
0
1
September
69
65
68
5
1
5
1
0
2
5
0
2
October
58
56
52
1
4
1
4
4
3
2
0
2
November
48
45
49
4
1
5
1
6
3
5
1
6
December
32
35
39
4
2
1
2
6
7
4
0-
0
Mean Tem- perature
55
53₺
553
. 54
37
32
39
36
42
74
11
25
Mean temperature nearly 54ºl
It is generally supposed, that by the common method of noting the state of the Thermometer, the estimate, for mean temperature, is too high; but by following the method I have pursued since I have been employed, the observations will approximate nearer the truth, than any I have met with. My practice is this: to note the obser- vation before sun rise, between 2 and 4 P.M. and nine at night, this followed through the year, will average bet- ter than 14 hours, out of 24; beyond this extent I have not found any upon record.
In the year 1826 there were 123 days on which it rained, 242 days dry. ) A decrease of nearly 7 days in each In the year 1827 there were 117 days on which it rained, 248 days dry year.
In the year 1828 there were 110 days on which it rained, 255 days dry. >
The year 1828 was 8º warmer than 1826, and 25° warmer than 1827, and although 1827 was colder than either 1826 or 1828, the increase of temperature in 1828 bears a near proportion to the decrease of rain in same period.
Low TIDE IN THE DELAWARE.
Mr. Poulson: If you think the following observations 'worthy of a place in your paper, you will please publish them.
It is generally allowed that the present winter of 1828 -9, is what is called an old fashioned winter; the writer of this well remembers the month of March, 1796. when . on the 24th and 25th, we had a severe blow from the north-west, which lowered the water in the Delaware many feet below the usual low water mark; the rocks in the river in the Jersey Channel were distinctly to be seen projecting out of the water two or three feet. It was understood at the time, they had not been seen for
many years before, and were visited by some persons from curiosity, to ascertain the names cut on them. I. started from Clifford's wharf after the gale had subsided, in a Batteaux, to visit a vessel loaded and bound for the West Indies, then lying high and dry on the lower end of the Island, nearly opposite our present Navy Yard; she had gone on shore during the gale, with sixty fath- oms of cable payed out, and the flems of the anchor were visible out of water, nearly in the middle of the river; the foundations of the wharves were plainly to be seen, and presented a scene rather appalling; such low water has not occurred in this place since that period. P.
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