USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. III > Part 6
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. THE PLAN OF THE PHILADELPHIA MANUAL LABOUR ACADEMY.
I propose now to exhibit in brief detail, the particu- lar plan contemplated by the Association which you re- present. It should be kept steadily in view that your primary object is to educate young men for the ministry and that even when you admit others who do not avow this design, you aim at the same general object, by in- stilling into their minds the principles of virtue and piety, and thus preparing them for eminent usefulness, whether as gospel ministers, as statesmen, physicians, or school masters. To bring them under such an influence it is necessary to found an institution with ample means of instruction in the branches of literature proper to be taught. Then in order to carry into effect the Manual Labour System, you will have as the principle ingre- client in the foundation, a farm of such a size as will furnish enough of all kinds of produce for the necessary consumption of the occupants. On this foundation you will project a variety of employments, such as garden- ing, joiner-work, and any other kind of business whichi may be found convenient and profitable. Some reasons may be urged, as they have been, in favour of particular arts, to the exclusion of farming. But your plan ap- pears preferable for the following reasons.
1. It is not desirable that the institution should be much involved in traffic, which must be the case if it were chiefly occupied in arts which did not directly sup- ply its wants.
2. It is desirable that such arts should be cultivated as will be generally useful to the students in after life, and with which many of them may have been previously ac- quainted.
3. If any particular art should be selected on account of the extraordinary profit which it would afford, there
would of course, be competition from other quarters, which would soon cut off this profit, and leave the insti- tution without resource. Whereas, if farming be car- ried on to a considerable extent it will afford a sort of permanent independence, the essentials of a subsist- ence will be made sure. As the concerns of such an institution must, in any case, require teams for the con- veyance of its materials and productions, the cultivation of land to the extent to which these can be employed, will be a very small additional expense. Farming will afford employment at all seasons for a number of hands, and. if a considerable detachment of the corps, be occu- pied in mechanics, these may too, in seasons of particu- lar pressure, render useful aid on the farm. If it be asked how much land is necessary? The answer must depend on contingencies-on the number of students which you design to accommodate, and on the propor- tion of them that you would employ in agriculture .- Tet there is no difficulty; if the farm should be larger than the students would cultivate, the cultivation by hired assistance would be profitable to the Institution. I suppose that about 100 acres of arable land could be tilled with advantage by 30 students and would yield produce enough for 60. The experiment made by the Oneida Academy would justify this calculation.
THE LOCATION, BUILDINGS, &C.
The place should be healthy-the reasons are suffi- ciently obvious. The soil should be of a good quality, capable of affording a liberal reward to the cultivator. The proximity of mills, a church, &c. may be worthy of consideration. The character of the neighbouring so- ciety may be regarded, but yet it is of less consequence than might appear at first view. The families and stu- dents of the school should form a society both pleasant and profitable within themselves, and the students will have little leisure to mingle much with others. It is to be hoped too, that their moral influence would be sensi- bly felt in the neighbouring places. Commercial ad- vantages are desirable, if they can be had consistently with more important considerations, such as health, quietness, sufficient ground for cultivation, and cheap- ness of accommodations and style of living. These things being properly weighed, will determine how near the city the place ought to be selected. Buildings should be provided for two families of Professors with some room for the entertainment of strangers. Students' dormitories should be so numerous as that each shall not contain more than two occupants. It will be necessary to have for the school a dining room and a recitation room.
Shops should also be provided to an indefinite extent. Besides farming utensils, and some for carpenter work, there should be procured several sets of bench tools. One bench might accommodate two individuals.
Stock for the farm, consisting of horses, cows, hogs, &c. must in the first instance be provided.
INTERNAL ORGANIZATION.
In order to conduct the plan, even on the smallest scale, there should be two professors, so that in the ab- sence of one, the other should be on the ground, and that the different branches of instruction by being divid- ed may be more thoroughly taught. It is requisite that they should be good scholars and practical instructors and that they should be acquainted with manual labour, that they may in every respect be useful to their pupils. Unless they are acquainted with the business of farming, much loss and expense must be sustained in that depart- ment. Two professors thus qualified, may beable to con duct an extensive establishment, by the aid of tutors and temporary assistants, in the department of instruction, as well as in those of agriculture and the mechanic arts.
The students in their studies, may be classed accord- ing to their attainments, and the same principle may be observed with regard to their exercise.
Reasonable charges may be made for their tution, fuel, light, washing, room, &c. unless so far as these expenses
14
PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY.
[JANUARY
may be covered by the avails of labour. There should be in the institution a Registrar or accountant, acquaint- ed with practical book keeping, who shall keep an accu- rate account of all its incomes and expenditures.
The instructors with their families may receive board, in kind, the same'as that of the students, providing at their own expense whatever they require more. This. Board, with their house rent, and the fees of the stu- dents, will probably be an adequate compensation; which, however, will be ascertained and regulated by the Trustees.
I shall close this report by adding
A STATEMENT OF THE GENERAL ADVANTAGES OF THE SYSTEM.
1. It is economical. This is so obvious from its pro- minent and characteristic features, that it needs no proof, since it is self-evident that labour is more productive than idleness. But besides it is rendered still more eco- nomical by being extended so as to embrace a large number who are engaged in the same pursuits. The expense of each individual decreases with the increase of the whole number.
2. It will afford superior advantages for improvement chiefly from the circumstance just mentioned of its being placed on a large scale. The mutual improvement of students under proper regulations, is greater where they are associated in a large number than in a small. The abundance and variety of their subjects of conversation are increased; there is a wider field of observation upon human character, and the stimulus to effort and the sphere of action, like that of a little commonwealth is increased.
3. The characters of young men will be tried. The characters of youth, either as to intellect or moral habits are often for years unknown to others, and even to themselves. They are known only in some particular branches of study, for which perhaps they have a pecu- liar taste or aversion. Their capacities, in other re- spects, are yet to be developed, and will often exhibit a character very unlike what was anticipated. The ad- vantage which this system possesses is, that by different employments which occupy nearly the whole time of the student, having numerous companions and coming into frequent interview with his instructors, he will in the midst of all these circumstances, exhibit so many points, that some correct idea may be formed of his character.
4. More young men of worth will be educated. It will bring forward numbers who have hitherto been kept back either by a want of resources, or by an aver- sion to the indolent or licentious habits, so often acquired in seminaries of learning-it will bring forward young men of genius and enterprise from the obscurity of indi- gence, and will induce plain men in moderate circum- stances to give their sons a better education and render them more useful. See Dr. Alexander's Letter .*
5. It will promote an independent and enterprising spi- rit. It will exert this influence, either on the sons of wealth who would otherwise be enervated by luxury or on indigent youth, who might otherwise lean upon. charity and acquire a habit of mean and servile depen- dence.
-
6. It will directly promote piety. Its leading feature will have this tendency, and this subject will no doubt be always kept in view by its annual guardians and its immediate conductors. Although the study of piety will not be the principal employment, yet this will be the cardinal point to which all other departments will have their ultimate reference, and to which they will be made subservient.
7. The plan is adapted to form the best characters. By the variety of employment, all the faculties of body and mind may be most successfully developed, and by
its moral and religious influence, it may inculcate the purest and most elevated principles of moral rectitude. By these advantages combined, we may anticipate the formation of the most excellent and useful characters.
All which is respectfully submitted.
JOHN MONTEITH, Agent.
Philadelphia, Dec. 11, 1828.
PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY-ANNUAL REPORT.
Three thousand six hundred and twenty-three pa- tients have been under the care of the Dispensary, since last report, to wit, from December 1827 to December 1828-
Remaining from last year 34
Admitted since last year 3589
3623
Of whom the number recovered is 3450
Relieved
26
Died
68
Discharged, irregular and uncertain
37
Removed
17
Remaining under care
25
3623
RECEIPTS.
Balance in the Treasurer's hands, Decem- ber, 1827
$106 31
Since which time he has received-
In annual contributions
455 90
Interest on bonds and mortgages 240 86
Dividends on United States Bank Stock 351 77
" Do. on bank stock 209 00
Dividends on Schuylkill Permanent Bridge stock 20 00
House rent, including proportion of income
on Real Estate, bequeathed by James Wills 465 00
Ground Rents 105 00
Principal of bond of Israel Jacobs paid in 80 00
Do. of Southern Dispensary 1000 00
Legacy of John Grandom, deceased, nett amount
1332 18
Amount received under the will of Dr. Chas.
Brown, deceased, from the administrator, on account of dividends on bank stock
267 07
Cash borrowed of Joseph M. Paul, to meet the engagements of the institution
220 00
Donation from Edward Needles 10 00
$4863 09
EXPENDITURES.
House cxpenses
$460 58
Medicines, &c.
1315 18
Repairs at Dispensary and water rent
195 28
Apothecary's salary
400 00
Taxes and repairs in Zane street
57 57
Books and stationary
29 50
Paid for United States Stock
2400 00
Balance remaining in Treasurer's hands 4 99
$4863 09
In submitting the annual account of patients, with a statement of receipts and payments, the managers would remark that the usefulnes of the Institution has been rarely, if ever, more conspicuous than during the last year. On the western side of the city an unusual degree of sickness prevailed, especially in the autumnal months, and hundreds of industrious persons, whom disease for a time disqualified from earning the means of support, have not only been administered unto for their recovery, but by the timely and efficient aid of the Dispensary, were kept above permanent dependence, a condition into which they would no doubt otherwise have fallen.
The patrons of these effectual charities ought there- fore to be gratified. under a conviction of the benefits they have hitherto conferred, and encouraged to conti- nue their support towards them, in the belief that they
* See Register, vol. II. p. 257.
·
15
NUMBER OF JUSTICES-TAXABLES OF WAYNE COUNTY.
1829.]
may in future be a providential means of imparting suc- cour to the sick and the afflicted.
The annual contributions, donations, and legacies of the charitable, will be received as usual, by the Trea- surer, Joseph M. Paul. No. 316 Mulberry street-at the Dispensary, in Fifth between Chesnut and Walnut sts. . - and by all the Managers.
Published by direction of the Board of Managers.
WM. WHITE, President.
. CASPAR WISTAR, Secretary. Philadelphia, Dcc. 13, 1828.
Damask Table Linen .- Mr. Hamilton Stewart, of Pitts- burg, has commenced the manufacture of Damask Table Linen; the Stateman, of that city observes, that "the Table Cloths are extremely neat, and what is of equal importance, they are very cheap, and of a texture that will insure service and durability. In weaving the cloth, the threads are so arranged and managed, that almost any figure, name, or letters can be made to appear in full view upon the surface."
TABLE,
Showing the number of Justices of the Peace living in each County of the State, from the report of a committee of the Legislature in 1824.
1. Adams 45
28. Lehigh 32
2. Allegheny 60
29. Luzerne 45
3. Armstrong 25 30. Lycoming
4. Beaver 43 31. McKean
5. Bedford 52 32. Mercer
6. Berks 87 33. Mifflin
7. Bradford 40 34. Montgomery
8. Bucks 59 35. Northampton
9. Butler 31 36. Northumberland
10. Cambria
12 37. Philadelphia Co.
11. Centre
42 38. Perry
12. Chester
71 39. Pike
13. Clearfield
14 40. Potter
14. Columbia 37
41. Somerset
15. Crawford 32 42. Susquehanna
16. Cumberland 66 43. Schuylkill 26
17. Dauphin 18. Delaware
18 45. Union
19. Erie
31 46. Venango
20. Fayette
60
48. Washington
22. Greene
35 49. Wayne
23. Huntingdon 59
50. Westmoreland 60
83
25. Jefferson -
4
26. Lancaster
90
2108
27. Lebanon 34
Of whom were appointed by Gov. Mifflin between
1791 and 1793
30
- 1794 and 1796
- 30
1797 and 1799
64.
124
By Governor Mckean between
1800 and 1802
47
1803 and 1805
57
1806 and 1808
151
- 255
By Governor Snyder between
1809 and 1811
150
1812 and 1814 193
1815 and 1817
230 - 573
By Governor Findlay between
1818 and 1820 432
By Governor Hiester between 1821 and 1823 724
Total
2108
TAXABLES OF WAYNE COUNTY, 1828.
Township of Scott 44
Preston - ~ 50
Buckingham - 4.0
Manchester
42
Damascus
128
Lebanon
58
Mount Pleasant 227
Canaan -
187
Dyberry
232
Berlin 37
Palmyra
76
Salem
117
Sterling
84
Borough of Bethany
59
1381
Which at the calculation that one-fifth of the popula -. tion are taxables, would give 6905 inhabitants. In 1820 this county contained 4127 inhabitants.
Taxables in 1814 551 979
Increase.
1821
1381
402
Being at the rate of 77 2-3 per cent. from 1814 to 1821 And of 41 do. 1821 to 1828
Or an average of 59} per cent. for 14 years.
The gentleman who furnished us with the above table, states, in reply to an inquiry on that subject-that Wayne county possesses no Iron Works, although it con- tains abundance of Iron Ore; its principal article of ex- port is Lumber. We are happy to learn from him that he is engaged in compiling a work, which is intended to embrace the topography, geology, and botany, of Wayne County, together with such other information as may be deemed useful respecting that county. The work will contain 14 maps, the plates of which are in the hands of an engraver in this city, and nearly com- pleted-it will be published in the course of the winter. We hope his example will be imitated by gentlemen in other counties; it is from those who reside in the inte- rior, that we must expect to be furnished with the most correct information of that section of the state.
APPOINTMENTS BY THE MAYOR.
Thomas Tomkins
Robert Cooper City Commissioners.
George W. Williams Henry Benner-Superintendent of the Southern Dis- trict.
James Houston-Superintendent of the Northern Dis- trict.
John Norvell-City Clerk.
John Goodin Clerks of the High street Market.
Philip Worn S
John Carlisle, Clerk of Second street market. Samuel Taylor, Clerk of Broad street market. John McLean,
James W. Hutchinson,
High Constables.
William Barger-Captain of the Nightly Watch. Jacob Zeller-Lieutenant of the Nightly Watch. Benjamin Duncan-Corder at the Drawbridge. William Ogden-Deputy Corder at the Drawbridge. - William Stephens-Collector of the Water Rents. John Trout-Collector of the City Taxes for Upper Delaware and North Mulberry Wards.
Jobn Hoskins-Collector for Lower Delaware and South Mulberry Wards.
Ennion Williams-Collector for High street Ward. William Bozorth-Collector for North Ward. William Davis-Collector for Chestnut Ward.
24. Indiana
23
51. York
65 37 66 34
14 4 4.6 22
39 44. Tioga 20
33 19 11 90
54 47. Warren
21. Franklin
17
428
1828
53 8
31 55 63
16
MISCELLANEOUS.
[JANUARY
Danl. M'Curdy, Collector for Middle Ward.
William P. Smith-Collector for Walnut and South Wards.
David McClure-Collector for Dock Ward.
Robert Miles-Collector for Locust Ward.
Saml. Reed-Collector for Pine & N. Market Wards. Thomas Black-Collector for Cedar Ward.
David C. Skerrett, M. D. Vaccinating Physician of the Northern District.
William C. Brewster, M. D. Vaccinating Physician for the Southern District.
John K. Kane, Esq. Attorney and Solicitor for the Corporation.
John Collins, Mayor's Clerk.
SPRING GARDEN.
· At a meeting of a number of citizens of the district of Spring Garden, held on Tuesday, the 16th inst. at "the public house of Daniel Newman, a copy of the fol- lowing Memorial, received from our representative at Harrisburg, was presented to the meeting, and read, viz: To the Honorable the Senate and House of Represen- tatives of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
The Memorial of the Mayor, Aldermen and citizens of Philadelphia, respectfully sheweth-
That for the purpose of affording a constant supply of pure and wholesome water to the city of Philadel- phia, and the neighbouring districts, your memorialists have at a great expense, erected works at Fair Mount in the county of Philadelphia, and have also purchased a considerable quantity of ground immediately surround- ing the works to protect them from injury.
The importance of these works to the health and prosperity of the city and the several incorporated dis- tricts, and their successful operations your memorialists do not deem it necessary to enlarge upon at this time.
To protect these from injury, is the just duty of your memorialists, and the legislature at their last session, ex- pressed their approbation of the efforts of your memo- rialists and their sense of the valuable character of these improvements. By the passage of an act to protect the property of the Mayor, Aldermen and citizens of Phila- delphia at Fair Mount, and the purity of the Schuylkill water. The law was made salutary in its provisions, but your memorialists are compelled to ask you for legisla- tive interference to prevent another evil (not provided for by it, ) that of having streets, lanes and roads laid out and opened through the heart of these works and property.
The danger and injury resulting from such a proceed- ing, would be almost incalculable, and need no illustra- tion from your memorialists.
Your memorialists therefore humbly pray your honor- able bodies to pass such laws as in your wisdom you may deem expedient to prevent the laying out or opening any street, road, lane, court or alley, over or through any part of the property of the Mayor, Aldermen and citi- zens of Philadelphia, situate at Fair Mount, and lying between the Northern line of the Upper Ferry road and the southern line of Francis street, and between the Western line of John street and the river Schuylkill at low water mark, in the district of Spring Garden, in the county of Philadelphia. And your memorialists will ever pray, &c.
G. M. DALLAS, Mayor. JOIIN M. SCOTT, President of Select Council. J. M. LINNARD, President of Common Council. Whereupon, the following re. olutions were unani- mously adopted:
clistrict from the passage of any act of the Legislature, founded on the memorial now before them, from the "Mayor, Aldermen and Citizens of the city of Pliila- delphia," relative "to the disposition of the property claimed by the city at Fair Mount; and that the above appointed committee be authorized to call a general meeting of the citizens on the subject, if necessary.
Resolved, That Michael Riter, Esq. the immediate member from this district, be instructed, and that the other members of the county of Philadelphia, be re- quested to oppose every act reported to the legislature, which should in any manner tend to carry into effect the objects of the said memorial.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the American Sentinel, Philadelphia Ga- zette, National Gazette, and Poulson's American Daily Advertiser. CHARLES SOUDER, Chairman.
PETER F. FRITEZ, Sec'ry.
AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.
Lancaster county, Nov. 5, 1828.
An agricultural association was formed in this county during the last winter, which offered three premiums of different amount for the first, second, and third largest quantity of merchantable Indian corn, to be marie from five acres of land; meadow land of every de- scription was excluded. The premiums have recently been awarded as follows: 52 barrels and 4 bushels took the first; 52 barrels 1 bushel and 2 pecks took the se- cond; and 43 barrels the third. Our season was very unfavourable to the growth of Indian corn, being exceed- ingly dry. The second prize was raised on high forest land, and encountered severe drought Our most judi- cious farmers believe, from this experiment, that from fourteen to fifteen barrels can be raised per acre, and that our high forest land; when improved, is the most certain and perhaps the most productive land. Am.Far.
January 3 .- Early yesterday morning, a heavy Snow storm commenced and continued till the afternoon, co- vering the ground to the depth of about 4 or 5 inches on a level-weather moderate-sleighis running. This is the first fall of snow of any consequence, that we have ' had this winter. The weather thus far through the sea son has been unusually mild and pleasant, excepting a few cold days in November, on two of which there were slight falls of snow-both rivers have remained open thus far-ice brought into the city on the 30th ult. two inches thick,
The following is the amount of duties paid by the un- dernamed Auctioncers, for the last quarter. Allen & Co.
$9045 18
Jennings,
7812 26
Gillingham,
7267 30
Ford,
5113 17
Lippincott,
5039 49
Graham,
2536 61
Thomas,
1406 43
Richards,
1278 36
Freeman,
475 45
Grant,
369 32
Riter,
65 56
Wolbert,
56 49
Goodwin,
7.05
40,472 67
NOTE. - The principal articles sold by the Messrs. Freemans, &c. are not dutiable.
Resolved, That a committee of three citizens, con- Printed every Saturday morning by William F. Ged- des, No. 59 Locust street, Philadelphia; where, and at the Editor's residence, in North 12th st. 3d door sonth of Cherry st. subscriptions will be thankfully received. Price five dollars per annum payable in six months after the commencement of publication -- and annually, there- sisting of Charles Souder, James Benner, and John Chamberlain, be appointed by this meeting, whose duty it shall be to wait upon Lawrence Shuster, Esq. Presi- dent of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Spring Garden, in order to ascertain from him whether the said Board have adopted suitable measures whereby | after, by subscriber's resident in or near the city, or where to counteract the fatal effects which will result to this there is an agent. Other subscribers pay in advance.
THE
REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA.
DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE.
EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD.
VOL. III .- NO. 2. PHILADELPHIA, JAN. 10, 1829. NO. 54.
FACE OF THE COUNTRY.
One advantage attending the construction of the Penn- sylvania canal, is the information which has been obtained respecting the face of the country thro' which it will pass. Many of the first reports from the surveyors and engi- neers, embrace facts in relation to it which are highly in- feresting and important, but which from the smallcircula- tion given to these reports, in consequence of their being published only among the Journals, are not generally seen or known. Besides this information, there is also contained in them much relating to the mode of estimat- ing the different parts of the works. As these reports were presented before our work was commenced, and they would now perhaps be uninteresting, published en_ tire. We propose to make occasional selections from them of such parts as we think ought to be preserved for future reference and general information. We com. mence with an extract from the remarks of Judge Scott, one of the Canal Commissioners-describing, in 1827,
THE VALLEY OF THE SUSQUEHANNA AND ITS BRANCHES
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