USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. IX > Part 113
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398
RAIL-ROAD FROM NEWCASTLE TO FRENCHTOWN.
[JUNE
UNION CANAL.
A description of the plan, and a statement of the cost, of the Union Canal of Pennsylvania.
The Union Canal Company of Pennsylvania connects the Susquehanna at Middletown, nine miles below Har- rishurg, with the Schuylkill, three miles above the head of the Girard canal, two miles below Reading, and about fifty-seven miles above Philadelphia.
Its length is 80 miles, exclusive of a navigable feeder on the Swatara, hereafter mentioned.
Its works comprehend a tunnel of 245 yards in length, 18 feet wide, and 14 feet in height, two summit reser- voirs, containing 12 milllions of cubic feet of water, one of them covering 27, and the other 8 acres; two steam engines of 100 horse power~each, and three water wheels for feeding the canal by pumping; two dams, one across the Schuylkill, near Reading, and the other across the Swatara, below Hummelstown; 43 waste weirs; 49 culverts; 135 bridges; 12 small and two large aqueducts: the latter are over the Swatara, one 276 feet, the other 175 in length; two guard locks of wood, 92 locks of cut stone, and 14 miles of protection walls of stone.
The Swatara feeder, which is, in fact, a branch canal, is 24 miles in length, including the great reservoir, formed by a dam 40 feet high, and covering near 1,000 acres of surface, extending the navigation to the basins at Pine Grove. A rail-road of about four miles in length has also been constructed, commencing at the basins in Pine Grove, and extending to the neighborhood of the coal mines, with a rise of abont 130 feet.
The works, and especially the numerous aqueducts and locks, have the reputation of being well construct- ed.
On the eastern division of the Union canal, there are-
· 37 miles and 61 chains of canal,
3 42.80 miles of towing path,
54 locks and two guard locks,
311 feet of descent. On the western division-
33 4.80 miles of canal,
6.80 towing path,
37 locks to the Pennsylvania canal,
1923 feet of descent,
2 locks of wood at Middletown, near the mouth of Swatara; descent 16 feet.
The summit level, which is planked, bottom and sides, is 6 78.80 miles in length.
Width of canal at bottom, / 24 feet,
surface of water, 36 4
Depth,
Depth of summit level, 5
Length of lock chamber,
75
83 66 Breadth of do
Length of boat, 67
Breadth, out and out,
8 " 3 inches,
Greatest width inside the clear, 7 " 6
Burthen from 25 to 30 tons, and will draw three feet water: requires one horse or mule, and the attendance of one man and one boy.
The Swatara feeder is 62 miles long, 20 feet in width, four miles long, five feet wide, and two feet deep, descent 7 feet.
Feeder from Kentner's reservoir, 12 miles long, two feet deep, and 43 feet wide; descent 4 20.100 feet.
The cost of this canal and rail-road has been, exclusive of interest on loans,about two millions of dollars. Its stock consists of 2,500 shares of new, and 738 shares of old stock, at $200 each, which are now selling in the Phila- delphia market at 228 to $230 for the former, and 185 to 190 for the latter. The company have loans amount- ing to $1,430,000, upon which they pay quarterly an interest at the rate of six per cent. per annum.
The tolls of this canal for the two last years, amount- ed to the following sums: in 1830, $35,133 82; in 1831, | an inch thick.
$59,137 21; and was derived from the following commo- dities, viz.
Flour, wheat and rye, whiskey, iron, coal, lumber, shingles, staves, gypsum, fish, salt, merchandize, corn, flaxseed, cloverseed, cotton, tobacco, leather, limestone, butter, lard, hemp, bricks, &c.
The repairs of this canal from the 1st of April, 1828, to January 1, 1831, amounted to $14,737 40.
Repairs for 1831 alone, $2,723, which shows that the amount for repairs is fast decreasing.
It has four collectors of tolls, whose salaries amount al- together, to about $1,250 per annum; 80 lock tenders and engineers at water works, who receive on an aver- age, $10,223 25 per annum for their services.
The tolls are collected at the following places, viz. Fair Mount, Reading, Lebanon, and Middletown, and some of the lock tenders are allowed to receive tolls from boats passing a short distance on the line.
RAIL-ROAD FROM NEWCASTLE TO FRENCH- TOWN,
In the State of Delaware.
The length of the road from the centre of Front street, in Newcastle, to the wharf, on Elk river, at Frenchtown, is 86,910 feet, or 16 46.100 miles.
Note .- The length of a straight line, connecting the eastern and western terminations of the road, is 84,332 feet, or 15 97.100 miles.
This road is composed of 6 curves and 6 straight lines, of which the curves amount to 27,240 feet, or 5 16.100 miles.
And the straight lines amount to 59,670 feet, or 11 3.10 miles.
The radius of the least curve is 10,560 feet, or 2 miles. The deflection on 100 feet of which, is 119.1000 of a foot, or 1 4.10 inches,
The radius of the greatest curve is 20,000 feet, or 3 79.100 miles. The deflection on 100 feet of which, is 0.062 of a foot, or { of an inch.
The road bed is graded 26 feet wide, exclusive' of side drains; average width, including drains, about 35 feet.
The whole amount. of excavation, exclusive of those drains, is 496,000 cubic yards.
The whole amount of embankment is 423,000 cubic yards.
There are 4 bridges or viaducts, and 29 culverts of stone masonry.
The deepest excavation is 363.10 feet.
The highest embankment 23 9.10 feet.
The greatest ascent or descent on the road is 29 feet to a mile. This grade is only for about 7.10 of a mile next to the western termination of the road.
The greatest ascent or descent on any other part of the road, is 16 8.10 feet per mile.
The cost of graduation, including the cutting of drains, filling wharves for landings at New Castle and Frenchtown; and also horse track within the rails, and exclusive of masonry, $185,000
Or, per mile, about 11,000
16,000 The cost of bridges and culverts (materials and workmanship ) about Or, per mile, nearly 1,000
A single track of rail-road is laid down with seven sidelings for turn-outs of 500 feet in length each.
On about 9 miles of the track, the rails are laid upon blocks of granite, containing each about 2 cubic feet, placed at the distance of 3 feet apart from centre to centre, and well bedded on sand or gravel.
The string pieces upon which the iron bars, or rails, are laid, are of Georgia yellow heart pine, 6 inches square, and are fastened to the blocks by cast iron knees, two to each stone.
The iron rails (or bars) are 24 inches wide, and § of
1
LAW CASE.
399
1832.]
On the remainder of the track, say 74 miles, the | liis executions upon vague suspicion and surmise of string pieces and rails of the above description, are sup- fraud. ported on wood foundations; the greater portion of The court held the case under advisement, and on the 27th of April, rule discharged. which is of the description following, viz.
Hemlock plank, averaging about 10 inches wide and 4 inches thick, are laid lengthwise along the track on both sides, in the bottom, resting on sand or gravel. On this foundation, cross sleepers of white oak, about 7} feet long, and eight inches in diameter, are laid 3 feet apart from centre to centre, which are spiked down to the plank. On these sleepers, the string pieces rest, and are secured to them in the usual manner. The cost of materials and workmanship
for the part of the track with stone foundations, per mile, $6,300 00
Cost of materials and workmanship for the part of track with wood foundation, per mile, 4,440 00
The total cost of the road, including land, fencing, damages, wharves or landings, expense of engineer department, pay of officers, &c. and exclusive of depots and other buildings not completed,
Or, per mile, about
365,000 00 22,000 00
From Poulson's American Daily Advertiser. LEGAL DECISION.
Hyneman, ) District court for the city and county of vs. Philadelphia.
Hyneman. S Judges Barnes, Hallowell and Cox.
This was an application by creditors to stay proceed- ings upon fi. fus. issued upon two judgments, amount- ing together to about $7000, confessed to the plaintiff on the 25th of December, 1831, two days before a gen- eral assignment by the defendant. On the 31st of De- cember, a rule was obtained upon the plaintiff to show cause why the executions should not be set aside, and a rule to take the depositions of witnesses to be read in evidence.
The case was argued on the 7th and 8th of March inclusive, by Samuel Brashears and Job R. Tyson, Esqrs. for the creditors in support of the rule, and by .
The counsel for the creditors contended that an issue to try the validity of these judgments should be award- ed, because they were confessed by a son to his father on the eve of an assignment-because the testimony was contradictory, and the court could not decide the question of relative credibility between witnesses-be- cause the evidence established a former partnership between the parties to these judgments, and there was no proof of its dissolution-because the ability of the plaintiff to lend the money for which these judgments were alleged to be given was not satisfactorily shown, but on the contrary his recent insolvency-because the evidence would not authorize judgments de novo for those specific amounts-and lastly, because where there is a mere allegation of fraud or collusion, to the preju- dice of creditors, an issue is always directed. It was replied, by the counsel for the plaintiff, that the rule should be discharged as the defendant in the judgments was proved to be without means, and could not have commenced business but for the assistance of the plain- tiff-that it was distinctly proved that, though lately in- solvent, the plaintiff had accumulated considerable sums of money-that witnesses had sworn to the considera- tion for which these judgments were confessed, and these witnesses were not justly impeached in credit- that the time of confessing and the party by whom they were confessed are immaterial, and cannot affect judg- ments founded upon consideration-and finally, that the plaintiff should not be deprived of the benefit of |
From Poulsoo's Daily Advertiser.
LAW CASE.
Commonwealth, 2'8. MURDER-June 18th, 1832.
John Moore. S
This case was tried on Monday, the above date, at an adjourned session of the Court of Oyer and Termi- ner, before Judge King and his associates. The defen- dant was convicted in April, 1831, of murder in the se- cond degree, but a new trial was granted. The facts were substantially these. In June, 1830, John Moore met the deceased, Richard Simpson, a deputed constable of Moyamensing, and with a stick, which Moore, having but one leg, was accustomed to use, together with his cruteh, in walking, he gave the deceased a blow on the forehead over the right eye. The wound bled profuse- ly, and the deceased was, the same day taken to the Pennsylvania Hospital, where, after remaining three days, he died. The blow was sudden, and Simpson at the time having offered no provocation or resistance. He declared immediately after his injury, that Moore had given him his death blow; and with proof of threats on the part of the defendant, to "fix the deceased" if he molested him, as well as passionate expressions of satis- faction after the blow had been struck, this, together with the deceased's intemperate habits, proved by cross- examination, was, in substance, the evidence for the commonwealth. No physician was called by the pro- seeution to give evidence.
For the defendant, there was some evidence that the deceased, under color of his office, had vexatiously in- terfered with, and arrested the prisoner, but he mainly rested his case on two different depositions, taken for the first and second trials, of Dr. Thomas E. Wilson of Georgia, at the time one of the resident physicians of . Upon the return of the rule to shew cause, many long depositions were read on both sides. the Pennsylvania Hospital. Hle testified in substance, that from the slightness of the wound, he hesitated whe- ther to admit the deceased into the Hospital, but having been informed by the deceased, and his friend, when the former was brought to the institution, that his Joseph R. Ingersoll and John K. Kane, Esqrs. for the habits were those of a sober man, he had administered plaintiff against the rule.
to him remedies calculated to prevent any inflammation, or the occurrence of any other disease which might pos- sibly arise from his slight wounds. That on the second ) day, mania a potu, with all its attending symptoms, had fully developed itself, which disease continued until he died. That he made a post mortem examination, (the details of which were fully given, ) at which time the wound was entirely healed, and that he found no inflam- mation or external or internal injury whatever, to the skull or the brain: and he further gave his opinion, that the deceased died of mania a poly, "and from no other cause."
Dr. Thomas Harris, of this city, was called by the defendant's counsel; he fully attested the talents and professional reputation of Dr. Wilson, and, by opinions pertinent to the case in question, corroborated Dr. W's. evidence. This was the amount of the testimony for the defendant. After full argument of counsel, Judge King charged the Jury on the general features of the case; adverting to the misrepresentation of the de- ceased's intemperate habits by himself and his friend on their coming to the hospital, as having induced and jus- tified the medical treatment he at first received; that this was to be attributed to the deceased himself and not to the defendant; and that this circumstance, nnt appearing on the former trial, together with the greater fullness and strength of the testimony of the Physicians, varied the present ease more in favor of the defend- ant, and increased those doubts, which existing on a former occasion, had induced the court to grant him a
400
MISCELLANEOUS.
[JUNE
new trial. Judge King's charge, throughout, was fa- vorable to the prisoner; and the jury, after a few mi- nutes deliberation, returned a verdict of NOT QUILTY, and the defendant was discharged.
Counsel for the commonwealth, M. W. ASH, Esq. Attorney General. For the defendant, S. RusK, and H. HELMUTH, Esqrs.
DIED, -At his residence in Wayne township, in this county, on the 27th ult. Mr. HUOH HEFFERNAN, in the 76th year of his age, a soldier of the revolution. He was a native of Ireland, but emigrated to this state some time previous to the commencement of hostilities; with a bosom fired with the princples of civil liberty, he enrolled his name among that gallant band, whose me- mory cannot be forgotten, while liberty has a friend on earth. He joined the army at the opening of our struggle for independence, nor did he return his sword to its place, or his bayonet to its scabbard, until victory had crowned his toils, his dangers, his scars and bleed- ing wounds with success, in the capture of Lord Corn- wallis. During that protracted contest, lie was in five general actions, one seige and two storms, viz: Stony Point and Pigcon Hill. At Stony Point, he was one who composed the forlorn hope; besides many, very many sharp and severe rencontres, where danger and death, was spread around with unsparing hand. His numerous scars and wounds, bore ample and indubita- ble evidence, that he had often been where none but the brave dare venture. In the private walks of civil life, he was esteemed as an honest man, and like a shock of corn in its season, he has been gathered home to the house appointed for all living, old and full of days, and grass tn wave over the spot where he has his friends along with his sorrows forgot .- Crawf. Messen.
DIED-In the 80th year of his age, at his residence in Reading, on Sunday evening last, General JOSEPH HIESTER, late governor of the commonwealth of Penn- sylvania.
The deceased, is one of the heroes of the revolution- ary war, entered the army that achieved the Indepen- dence of our country, at an early period of his life. He was engaged in the battle of Long Island; was among the captured of that day so disastrous to the American arms, and subsequently confined on board the prison ship Jersey. After his exchange had been effected, with a gallant spirit unsubdued in the glorious cause of his country, again entered the army and was engaged in the battle of Germantown and Brandywine. When the independence of the country from the galling thraldom of British tyranny and oppression had been established by the heroes of those "times that tried men's souls," he served many years in the Legislature of his native state: And for a long period subsequently, with the almost unanimous voice of his fellow citizens of his district, served his country in the Legislature of the Union, with a zeal in common weal of his country, unsurpassed by that of any of his cotempora- ries, who conjointly had been clothed with the impor- tant and highly responsible powers of that dignified sta- tion. In private life, the deceased was a kind and ten- der husband, an affectionate and indulgent parent, a good, charitable and hospitable neighbor, and a warm and zealous friend. - Reading Journal.
In answer to the inquiries some time since made in the RECORD, of the right time to cut timber, to have it durable, we are authorized by Jesse McCall, Esq. of West Goshen, to state that black oak rails, are now in use on this place, which were cut in the month of June, 1801; the posts were of Chestnut, cut at the same time, some few of which were in use the present spring; and these facts seem clearly to convey the idea, that black oak rails should be cut in the month of June, to insure their durability. The curious may examine them, by calling on Esq. McCall .- West. Chest. Rec.
THE REGISTER.
JUNE 23, 1832.
During the past week, the news of the cholera ex- isting in Quebec, &c. reached the city, and has occa- sioned much excitement, which has lead to the adoption of "sanitary measures," by the board of Health, city Councils, and district corporations; some of whose proceedings will be found in the present num- ber. So far as human exertions will prevent the intro- duction and extensive prevalence of this dreadful dis- ease, measures appear to have been adopted-in pro- moting cleanliness, and in the preparation of asylums for those afflicted with the malady, should it visit us. So far as alarm is necessary to produce this effect, it is well; butit is questionable how far it is proper, to terrify the inhabi- tants, by injudicious publications, calculated to produce a state of mind, pre-disposing the body to the attacks of disease, should it unfortunately gain admission amongst us.
In our present number, will be found an interesting article on Butler county, written by an intelligent gen- tleman of that county, for another purpose, and com- municated to us by a friend. Our columns have always been open to topographical descriptions of the differ- ent sections of the state-and we have frequently invit- ed communications of this kind-and all our volumes contain more or less of them. But we regret to observe so little disposition on the part of men of leisure and intelligence in the interior, to furnish information re- specting the neighborhoods in which they reside; which, though not perhaps deemed important to themselves, is still much desired by those at a distance, who can only in this way become well informed of the real condition of the state-and who may have an opportunity of using it to the advantage of the writers themselves, and their neighbors, by directing the course of emigrants, who are now flocking to our shores, to those parts of the state where their settlement is most needed, and will be of most utility.
Mina, whose name has become familiar throughout the United States, as the murderer of Mr. Chapman, was executed agreeably to his sentence, on Thursday, the 21st instant, at Doylestown. The concourse of spectators, as usual on such occasions, was immense.
We are indebted to two gentlemen at Washington, for copies of a document laid before congress by the committee on internal improvements, containing valua- ble information in relation to steam carriages, rad-roads, and canals. From this we have derived the summaries in the present number, respecting the Union canal, and the New Castle and Frenchtown rail-road.
Printed every SATURDAY MORNING by WILLIAM F. GED- DES, No. 9 Library Street. Philadelphia; where, and at the PUB- LICATION OFFICE, IN FRANKLIN PLACE, second door back of the Post Office,(front room) subscriptions will be thankfully re- ceived. Price FIVE DOLLARS per annum, payable annually by subscribers residing in or near the city, or where there is an agent. Other subscribers pay in advance.
HAZARD'S REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA.
DEVOTED TO TRE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KIND OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE.
EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD.
VOL: IX .- NO. 26. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 30, 1832. NO. 235.
From the United States Gazette. SKETCHES IN SCHUYLKILL COUNTY.
- Extract of a Letter from the Mountains. PORT CARRON, SCHUYLKILL COUNTY, 2 June, 1832.
Well, my friend,-here I find myself at last, in the very heart of the coal region,-ur on the mountains, literally enjoying the pure gratifications so often pro- mised to myself, and so often deferred. And, after looking round for a while, and breathing this whole- some air and drinking copiously of the peerless water which rushes down the mountain side at every step, I retire to keep my word with you. But, to tell you the truth, I feel that every minute spent thus is a privation of the glories which tempt me rather to be without doors, so I must be excused if I tell you some things which you know already, and give you a long story, for I am in too much of a hurry to deliberate or be brief.
To make the beginning of my journey the beginning of my story, will, perhaps, be the best order for my narrative. Our first day's ride was to Reading-coach- es, teams, and drivers above all exception. The beau- ties of this part of the country generally, and especially after you mount the western bank of the Perkiomen, and the unrivalled charms of this town, shall not be dwelt upon, for what cit has not been as far as Read- ing?
On the next morning, after comfortable entertain- ment at Herr's inn, we were on the road again, the scenery becoming more and more romantic until we reached Port Clinton, at the confluence of the Schuyl- kill and Little Schuylkill or Tamaqua. This is the first of the great works as you ascend to the mountains. The dams, locks, basins, &c. appear to be in the best style of workmanship, durable and imposing. The supply will be from extensive mines of excellent cnal up the Tamaqua, to which a rail-road is already laid to a distance of some twenty-two miles. A second line of rail-way, which seems to be indispensable to a large operation, remains to be accomplished; when this is done, Port Clinton must thrive rapidly. Its friends claim an advantage in its being so much nearer to the city, and its exports being therefore liable to much less canal toll than those of places more remote. But then it is answered, the principal mines are farther from this port than from most others,-greater rail-way tolls are therefore to be paid. Perhaps these matters will be about equivalent, and, whether or not, it seems idle to dispute about COMPARATIVE advantages between positions, each of which has POSITIVE advantages enough to ensure its prosperity.
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