USA > Pennsylvania > The Register of Pennsylvania : devoted to the preservation of facts and documents and every other kind of useful information respecting the state of Pennsylvania, Vol. IX > Part 81
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TOWNSHIPS, &c.
Adjusted valuation
of real and personal
Sum assessed for
the use of the Com-
Sum assessed for
the use of the
County.
Bart
279,895
284 11|
426 16
Brecknoek
195,201
205 32
307 98
Carnawon
461,585
479 74
719 61
Cocalico
1,343,724
1,373 84
2,060 76
Colerain
141,647
147 54
221 31
Concstoga
785,458
813 37
1,220 06
East Donegal
1,101,185
1,120 40
1,680 60
West Donegal
635,638
654 24
981 36
Drumore
294,845
312 521
469 08
Earl
2,296,864
2,369 80
3,554 70
Elizabeth
809,804
828 10
1,242 011
E. liempficld
886,924
919 31
1,378 97
W. Hempfield
1,139,629
1,177 30
1,765 95
Lampeter
1,684,145
1,718 44
2,577 66
Lancaster city
1,532,387
1,601 52
2,402 28
Lancaster township
327,261
333 22
499 83
Leacock
1,550,045
1,585 78
2,378 67
Little Britain
366,700
384 17!
576 25
Little do.
53,766
9 86
13 76
19,048
Martick
435,515
455 38
683 07
Northumberland
Mountjoy
643,077
653 86
980 79
Manor
1,708,077
1,743 32
2,614 98
34 60
51 36
State tax-Moneys
property.
monwealth.
$24,698,151 25,370 65 38,055 98
285
LANCASTER COUNTY TRIENNIAL ASSESSMENT.
286
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF THE HOUSE OF REFUGE.
[MAY
LANCASTER COUNTY PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX.
The following statement exhibits the valuation of the Ground-rents, Promissory Notes, Bonds, Judgments, Mortgages, Stocks in Corporations, Public Stocks, Plea- sure Carriages, &c., in the county of Lancaster, made taxable by the act of March 25, 1831, and the sum as- sessed on such property for the use of the Common- wealth, with the apportionment of the same.
TOWNSHIPS.
VALUATION.
TAX.
Bart
3,950
3 95
Brecknock
8,820
8 82
Carnarvon
77,950
77 95
Cocalico
136,110
136 11
Colerain
8.910
8 91
Conestoga
165,310
165 31
West Donegal
16.925
16 92
Drumore
288,910
288 91
Elizabeth
100,120
108 12
East Hempfield
40,230
40 23
West Hempfield
257,150
257 15
Lampeter
39,360
39 36
Lancaster
992,031
992 03
City
336,170
336 17
Leacock
82,080
82 08
Little Britain
195,985
195 98
Manheim
109,950
109 95
Manor
43,700
43 70
Martick
33,490
33 49
Mountjoy
73,960
73 96
Rapho
34,490
34 49
Sadsbury
177,430
177 43
Salisbury
240,200
240 20
Strasburg
214,030
214 03
Warwick
S4,005,841
$4,005 83
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS OF THE HOUSE OF REFUGE.
To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Com- monwealth of Pennsylvania.
In compliance with the provisions of their charter, the managers of the House of Refuge, respectfully report:
That their experience, during the past year, author- izes them to reiterate the expressions of their opinion in relation to the beneficial effects of the institution un- der their charge. They are satisfied the prejudices formerly existing in the minds of the parents and con- nexions of the inmates against the system adopted hy the legislature, have been gradually yielding to the evi- dences of improvement and reform afforded by the conduct of those who have been indentured or discharg- ed from the House of Refuge. The numerous applica- tions, and the facility of obtaining respectable and suita- ble places for these children, show conclusively, that so far from considering their commitment an objection, they are generally preferred to others who have been permitted to grow up without salutary restraint and control. The humane object of the legislature, in pro- viding an asylum for those who have taken the first steps in a vicious course, who have broken through the com- mon guards of innocence, and from want, neglect or ig- norance, fallen under the temptations which surround them, has been therefore almost answered-and num- bers who would otherwise have remained the constant and regular tenants of our prisons,-a useless burden on the community -- whose miserable lives would have end- ed in a miserable death, have been sent forth with a tolerable education, industrious and moral habits, con- siderable skill in some mechanical employment, and a degree of health and strength, which, without such an asylum, they could never have obtained.
Let it be remembered, also, that although the ex- penses of this institution are defrayed in part from the county treasury, the charge upon the public is not thereby at all increased. Every child within its walls, in all human probability, would, either in the alms- house or in the prisons, have been supported by the com- munity, during their minority, and when permitted to go at large, would be turned out, contaminated and de- graded, in the midst of a large city, to prey on society until again detected in infringing its laws, they should be brought before our criminal courts, and rendered desperate and hopeless by conviction. Were mere eco- nomy therefore consulted, the continuance of the ap- propriation made by the legislature would be justified. But in the one case no means can be used to educate, instruct or reform the subject, in the other these are the great and leading objects in view, and every precaution and device which intelligence and ingenuity can sug- gest, are employed for their accomplishment. Moral considerations, such as these, infinitely outweigh all cal- culations of expense, and the legislature, while the blessings of education are becoming more diffused throughout the commonwealth, will not refuse to aid and protect an unfortunate class of individuals, whose vices are sometimes occasioned by accident or misfor- tune, and in whose favor not only their destitute and unhappy situation, but the interests of the community urge almost irresistible claims.
From the statement hereunto annexed, the legislature will see that notwithstanding the great additional cost occasioned by the necessity of preventing escape, sepa- rating the sexes, and instructing them in various me- chanical occupations, the institution receives from the public, for each child, including every expense, but about one dollar and twenty-five cents per week; and even this sum the managers have no means of raising without legislative provision. The extensive buildings required for the accommodation of the inmates, have exhausted the funds given for that purpose, and left a considerable debt unpaid. Unless the appropriation here- tofore made, be continued, they will be reduced to the necessity of discharging or turning over to the guardians of the poor, all the inmates in the house ;- a result, which would probably consign most of them to inevita- hle moral destruction, and which the board, confiding in the judgment and liberality of the legislature, cannot anticipate.
The whole sum annually received from the county, is $10,000 00
157 children, at $1 25 per week, 10,205 00
Building debt due and unpaid, about 30,000 00
The receipts and expenditures, from the 1st of Janu- ary to the 31st December, 1831, exclusive, are as fol- lows, viz.
RECEIPTS.
From life and annual subscriptions, dona- tions, and the labor of the inmates, &c. $4,434 98
The county treasurer, legislative appro- priation for 1831,
10,000 00
$14,434 98
EXPENDITURES.
For provisions, clothing, fuel, salaries of officers, &c. repairs and alterations of the buildings, interest on moneys bor- rowed,
$15,605 82
The number of inmates in the institution, on the 19t January, 1831, was 87 Boys-45 Girls-132 total.
Received fram 1st Janury, 1831, to 1st January, 1832.
Boys. Girls. Total.
From the courts and magistrates,
87
24 111
Returned after having escaped,
11
00
11
-
-
--
99
24
123
76,120
76 12
East Donegal
40,810
40 81
Earl
203,650
203 65
1 00
1
Do. been indentured,
1832.]
Boys. Girls. Total.
Discharged during the same period.
By indenture,
39
10
49
As of age,
6
8
14
Not proper subjects,
7
4
11
Returned to their friends,
14
3
17
Sent to the alins-house, Sent to sea,
2
0
2
Died,
2
0
2
-
-
73
25
98
-
Remaining in the House on the 1st January, 1832,
113
44
157
Of the whole number received du- ring the year, there were-
From Northampton county,
2
0
2
Philadelphia city and county,
95
24
119
Susquehanna county,
2
0 2
99
24
123
Of the number of boys placed out as apprentices,- 15 bave been indentured to Farmers, 1
Tanner and Currier.
1
Paper-maker.
1
Bricklayer.
1
Coppersmith.
3
2
.€
Shoemakers.
1
House Carpenter.
1
2
Auger and Sickle makers.
1
€¢
Chair maker.
1
.€
"
Boat-builder,
1
Cabinet-maker.
1
Cooper.
1
Printer.
39
The girls who have been indentured have all, (10,) been apprenticed to learn housewifery.
The boys have been employed in book-binding, boot and shoc-making, tailoring, in manufacturing brass and cut nails, band boxes, watch chains, &c .; the girls in sewing and house work generally.
The average age of the boys received in 1831, was 143 years, that of the girls abour 15 years.
By order of the Board of Managers of the House of Refuge.
Philadelphia, March 29, 1832.
JOIIN SERGEANT, President. Attested,
JAMES J. BARCLAY, Scc'y II. R.
On page 128 of Vol. VIII. we noticed a machine in- vented by Mr. Spicer, for the purpose of conveying the mail-the following is the report of a committee to whom it was submitted:
FRANKLIN INSTITUTE. Report of the Committee on Inventions.
The committee on inventions, appointed by the Frank- Jin Institutc, for the promotion of the mechanic arts, to whom was referred the consideration of the several subjects annexed, present the following report, viz:
On James Spicer's plan for Tronsporting the Mail, &c.
MR. SPICER proposes to transport the mail, &c. bc- tween any two given points by the following arrange- ments: Tubes (of wood or metal) of uniform bore, are to be placed horizontally, and in a direct line be- tween the two points; within these tubes the mail is to be moved. To effect this motion, the mail is to be attach- ed to an air-tight plug, moved by condensing the air upon one side of the plug, and rarilying it upon the op- | vol. iii. 1828.
posite side. Mr. Spicer proposes to divide the distance between any two large towns, (as, for example, between Philadelphia and New York, ) into sections of five miles cach; an engine for condensing, (or exhausting,) being placed at one end of the section, while another for ex- hausting, (or condensing, ) is placed at the opposite end. It is understood that it is proposed to use tubes ten inch- cs in diameter.
To examine this device, the first inquiry should be directed to ascertaining whether it is good or bad in theory, and if good in theory it would then remain to examine whether it is practically good, and finally, to estimate the cost of its application as compared with other modes of conveyance, as by rail-roads, &c.
The first question, in point of magnitude, in the the- oretical examination of this machine is, do the known laws of the motion of elastic fluids, warrant us in con- cluding that air can be compressed and exhausted in the manner proposed? That air has inertia is proved by the familiar illustrations of its force when in motion, and itsresistance, when at rest, to a body moving through it. That air in passing through a tube would be retarded by friction, is reasonable to suppose from the laws which apply to other fluids. To determine the amount of this resistance recourse must be had to experiment, from which alone, the data for correctly solving such problems can be obtained.
Many experiments have been made upon this subject, possessing various degrees of merit .* In an experiment made in England, by Wilkinson, the whole force of a large hydraulic wheel could not force air to the distance of 320 yards through a pipe one foot in diameter. Gi- rard found that a pipe of .6 of an inch in diameter, and 364 feet long, diminished the discharge of air by .9. Other experimenters have made the expense due to re- sistance in passing through tubes, less; as those of Cle- ment Desormes, in which a loss of thirty-five per cent. was produced in a pipe ten inches in diameter, and 1490 fect in length.
D'Aubission in an elaborate series of experiments, f made at the mines of Rancie, has investigated the amount of resistance experienced by air in passing through tubes of various lengths and dia meters. The diameters experimented upon, were four inches, two inches, and one inch. The length from twenty yards up to 430 yards, (nearly one fourth of a mile, ) varying by lengths of twenty yards. The force of the air at the different points was measured by syphon gauges at opposite ends of any pipe; the difference in height of the two gauges measuring the force expended in over- coming the resistance of the air to motion through the pipe. From these experiments results a formula by which, having given the pressure of the air at once ex- tremity of a tube, in inches of mercury, the diameters of the tube at the two extremities, the length of the tube, the height of the barometer which measures the pressure of the external air, and the temperature of the air, the pressure at the opposite end of the pipe may be found.
For the purposes of our examination, we may assume the air at 32º Fah. (0º of centigrade scale, ) and ne- glect the effect of the increase of temperature by con- densation,and its decrease by rarefaction. The diameter of the tube is also to be taken the same throughout, viz. ten inches. The height of the barometer is as- sumed at thirty inches. With these data the following table has been calculated from the formula, assuming that at one end of the tube there is placed a steam en- gine capable of effecting a condensation equal to eleven atmospheres. The first three columns give the lengths of the tube in different denominations, the fourth
· Annales des Mines, vol. ii. D)'Aubuisson sur les Machines Soufflantes à l'iston.
+ D'Aubuisson, sur la Resistance de l'Air dans les tuyaux de Conduite. Annales des Mines, 2d series,
.
REPORT ON A PLAN FOR TRANSPORTING THE MAIL.
287
3
0
3
-
Milers.
5
.
Hatter.
Cotton Spinner.
1
Storekeepers.
288
MISCELLANEOUS.
[MAY
shows the effect at the end of this tube in terms of inches of mercury, as shown by a guage at that point; the fifth, the total elastic force of the air at the several distances; and the sixth, the ratio of the compression at the two extremities, or the ratio of effect produced to force expended.
Condensation at the beginning of the tube 330 inches of mercury, or cleven atmos-
Miles.
Feet.
Inches.
Effect in inches
of mercury.
Total pressure
at the several dis-
tances.
Ratio of total
pressure to force expended. 1
0
300.0
1330.
1.
20
240
287.2
317.2
.961
660
7,920
118.1
148.1
.449
31,680
58.6
88.6
.267
1
63,360
37.7
67.7
.205
2
126,720
23.4
53.4
.162
24
158,400
19.7
49.7
.150
3
190,080
17.5
47.5
.144
4
253,440
14.0
44.0
.133
5
316,800
11.6
41.6
.126
We see by the table just given, that in a tube of only one-eighth of a mile in length, about five-tenths of the power applied is consumed in overcoming the resist- ance to the motion of air through the tube; that at a dis- tance of half a mile seventy-three per cent. of the pow- er applied is expended in the same way, and that at two and a half miles there remains as an effective pro- pelling force, but fifteen per cent. of the whole power applied. Exhibiting a consumption of power which puts out of the question the adoption of such a plan. By similar means, the effect of exhaustion at the oppo- site end of the tube might be calculated, and since the same sources of resistance exist in this case as in the other, the conclusion can but be of a similar kind. The foregoing table shows, that in a tube of twenty fcet in length, the resistance would be altogether inconsidera- ble, and hence, in the model of Mr. Spicer, eighteen feet long, notwithstanding its small diameter, he was not enabled to detect any resistance which would have led to an abandonment of his plan. The commit- tee can but regret that expenses should have been in- curred by Mr. Spicer, in bringing his invention before the public, which they understand he is ill able to af- ford.
The committee have hitherto considered this subject without reference to the question of its novelty, because they wished that the question of theory might be fairly met, and because they believe the idea to be original with Mr. Spicer, and therefore the credit of whatever ingenuity may be perceived in it, to be his due. In jus- tice, however, to themselves and to the public, they must state that a patent was taken out in England in 1824, for a project in some sort similar to this. This patent, which bears date February 19, 1824, was grant- ed to John Vallance, of Brighton, "for producing lo- comotion by stationary engines." The design of the patentee was as follows: An air tight tunnel, of about eleven feet in diameter was to be provided, within which, upon a rail-way, carriages for the transportation goods and passengers, were to move: these carriages were to be attached to a shield fitting air-tight within the tunnel, and motion to be communicated to the shield by exhausting the air in front of it by an engine stationed at the end of the tunnel towards which the shield was to be moved; the pressure of the atmosphere upon the opposite side of the shield, would thus be the propelling force.
The plan of Mr. Spicer differs from this in being up- on a much smaller scale, and for a more limited object, which is decidedly in its favour when compared with
the other. A further difference is to be found in- his use of the compression of air, as well as of its ex- haustion.
EnIE, (Pa. ) April 19.
NAVIGATION .- The navigation of the lake above this place, is not yet entirely open and unobstructed. The Mary of Milan, a schooner, loaded for Detroit, left this port several days ago, and made her way safely up the lake-no other vessels have as yet left this port. The lake is apparently pretty full of ice in every direction. The Enterprize, Capt. Miles, came down as far as Con- neaut on Tuesday, and landed her passengers, who came on from there by land. It is very late for this port to be obstructed by ice. It is probable that it will be seve- ral weeks before vessels will be able to leave Buffalo .- Gaz.
FISH .- Lake Erie has disclosed during the past win- ter and spring, a new source of amusement and profit to the disciples of Isaac Walton. A fish hitherto un- known, or nearly so, among us, has been taken, this season, in quantities truly astonishing, near the mouth of our harbor. They are of one kind only, and vary from 7 or 8 to thirty pounds in weight. They have been caught by set lines through the ice. 'They have been called trout, though with what authority we know not. They are a darker colour than the shad-have-scales, exceedingly small; and are marked on either side of the hody, their whole length, with a seam resembling a scar. The stranger, whatever his cognomen, is of delicious flavor, as most of our population can testify. By data furnished us by the fishermen, we find they have taken no less than 17,547 lbs. of the new comers, the past winter .- Buffalo Journal.
THE REGISTER.
MAY 5, 1832.
It appears by a statement lately published in the Bap- tist Tract Magazine, that there are in Pennsylvania,
Baptist Associations 10
Churches
132
« Ministers 89
Baptized last year 461
Total in the State 7,614
Increase in 1831,-about 6 per cent.
We have received the extraordinary report of the ma- jority of the Committee on the Bank of the United States; which, with the other expected reports on the same subject, will be published in our future numbers.
Our present number contains several interesting re- ports which have not yet been published here.
HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA.
A stated Meeting of the Historical Society of Penn- sylvania, will be held on Monday evening, at half past 7 o'clock, (7th instant, ) at the Society's Chamber in the Philosophical Hall, over the Athenaeum.
J. R. TYSON, Secretary.
Printed every SATURDAY MORNING by WILLIAM F. GED- DES, No. 9 Library Street. Philadelphia; where, and at the PUB- LICATION OFFICE, IN FRANKLIN PLACE, second door back of the Post Office,(front room) subscriptions will be thankfully re- ceived. Price FIVE DOLLARS per annum, payable annually by subscribers residing in or near the city, or where there is ad agent. Other subscribers pay in advance.
pheres.
HAZARD'S
REGISTER OF PENNSYLVANIA.
DEVOTED TO THE PRESERVATION OF EVERY KINO OF USEFUL INFORMATION RESPECTING THE STATE.
EDITED BY SAMUEL HAZARD.
VOL. IX .- NO. 19.
PHILADELPHIA, MAY 12, 1832. - NO. 2ºS.
UNITED STATES BANK.
TWENTY-SECOND CONGRESS-FIRST SESSION. Iluuse of Representatives, March 14, 1832.
Resolved, That a select committee be appointed to in- spect the hooks, and to exanune into the proceedings of the Bank of the U. States, to report thereon, and to re- port whether the provisions of its charter have been violated or not; that the said committee have leave to meet in the city of Philadelphia, and shall make their final report on, or before the twenty-first day of April next; that they shall have power to send for per- sons and papers, and to employ the requisite clerks, the expense of which shall be audited and allowed by the Committee of Accounts, and paid out of the contingent fund of the House.
REPORT OF THE MAJORITY.
Mr. Clayton, on behalf of the majority of the Commit- tee appointed on the 14th March, 1832, to inspect the books, and examine into the proceedings of the Bank of the United States, made the following re- port:
In obedience to the foregoing resolution, the commit- tee appointed under the same, proceeded to the city of Philadelphia, and commenced the inspection of the books, and the examination of the proceedings of the bank on the 23d of March last; and, after the most at- tentive and laborious investigation which their limited time would allow, the majority have prepared the fol- lowing report, which they beg leave to submit to the House of Representatives.
They believed, that, as the House wished informa- tion more for the purpose of enlightening their minds, and assisting their judgments as to the expediency of again renewing its charter, than to abridge it of the small remnant of time left for its operation, a liberal construction of the resolution would not be deemed a departure from their trust; consequently they have di- rected their inquiries to two general objects.
Ist. Whether the provisions of the charter had been violated.
2d. Whether there have been any circumstances of mismanagement against which future legislation might guard, or which should destroy its claims to further con- fidence.
On the first point, following the example of a former committee, making a similar investigation, without ex- pressing any opinion on such cases as have been sub- jeets of imputation against the bank.
These cases they conceive to be six in number, and are as follows:
Ist. In relation to usury.
2d. In relation to the issuing of branch orders, as a circulation.
Sd. The selling coin, and particularly American coin.
4th. The sale of stock obtained from Government under special acts of Congress.
5th. Making donations for roads and canals, and other objects.
6th. Building houses to rent or sell, and erecting other structures in aid of that nbject.
VOL. IX. 37
On the first ground, the president of the bank refers us to a statement marked G, and says it will "explain the only cases to which this description might be con- sidered applicable, two of them being cases in which the board repaid the amount considered over charg- ed, and in regard to the third, no application has been made for any change in the form of the original loan." Sce said statement marked No. I.
To a question asked the president, whether any ca- ses of disguised loans, and domestic bills of exchange, had come to the knowledge of the parent bank, in which the branches had received usurer's interest? He replied that he never heard of any, but made a further statement, marked No. 2, in which he states that the usual custom is to charge upon domestic bills of ex- change, the rate of interest and the rate of exchange, and if the sums united should exceed six per cent. it is not usury, and gives an explanation in said statement.
Ou the second ground, the committee will submit document Number 3, and its inclosures, in which the cause and origin of branch drafts will be fully seen. The president states the "inability of the bank to fur- nish the amount of circulating medium, which it was created to supply, became apparent at an early period. In a year after its organization, the directors presented a memorial to congress, dated 9th January, 1818, re- questing that an alteration might be made in the cbar- ter, so as to authorize' the president and cashiers of the scveral branches, to sign the notes issued by those branches." See copy of the memorial marked 3 A, in which it is stated "that, inasmuch as the 'act to incor- porate the subscribers to the Bank of the United States,' requires that the bills ornotes which may be issued by order of the said corporation, shall be signed by the president, and countersigned by the principal cashier, it has been found impracticable to supply, in any reason- able degree, the required circulation from the bank and its numerous offices of discount and deposite," it is therefore asked of Congress to permit the presidents and cashiers of branch banks to sign and issue bills. The application was not granted. The president states "the subject was resumed by another memorial, dated, No- vember 24th, 1820. Sec copy of the memorial mark- ed 3, 6, in which it is stated, "under the charter it has been doubted whether the bank has power to authorize the issuing of notes not signed by the president, and countersigned by the cashier. The labor and the time necessary to sign notes for the bank and all its branches, are much greater than either of those officers can be- stow upon that object; and hence the bank has been unable to put in circulation a sufficient amount of notes of the smaller denominations, which the public most want, and which are best calculated to serve the inter- est of the bank." It then requests that power be given to the parent bank to appoint one or more persons to sign notes of the smaller denomination, which was not acted upon. º
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