USA > Tennessee > Davidson County > Nashville > History of Nashville, Tenn. > Part 44
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In 1828 a Mr. Holton was keeping a Lancasterian school in the corpo- ration school-house, charging $10 per session tuition.
Philip S. Fall was keeping a private seminary at the same time. His was a prominent and valuable institution of learning. In July, 1828, he commenced a session of his seminary in which he engaged five male and one female teacher. His terms were for the first and second classes $15 per session, and for the third and fourth classes $25. Board was $55 per session. An extra charge was made for music, drawing, and French. The third session closed about June 9, 1829. The examina- tions for that session were held on the first four days of the month. Miss Ruffin, of Hardeman County, and Miss Williams, of Knoxville, were the first ladies to complete the prescribed course of study at this school, and to receive the first honors of the institution. On January 31, 1830, the rates of tuition were reduced, as follows: The first class was to pay $8 per session; the second, $12; the third, $12; and the fourth class was divided into two divisions, the first division paying $20, and the second $25. Music was $20 per session, and board $50.
Mrs. Frazer, formerly of Philadelphia, commenced a school on Tues- day, July 22, 1828, for teaching the arts of drawing and painting on vel- vet, etc.
Mr. Hogan opened a school August 6, 1828, " in the school-room late-
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ly occupied by Mrs. White, near the dwelling of General Carroll." Spelling, reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, grammar, history, and composition were taught. The first class was charged $12; the second, $10; and the third, $6.
Stephen R. Deforges, a native of France, formerly teacher of lan- guages in Transylvania University, and who had then recently been appointed to the same chair in the University of Nashville, commenced a course of instruction in the French language on the first Monday in Oc- tober, 1828, charging $10 for a quarter of thirty-six lessons. He had then been eight months in Nashville, and had taught in the seminaries of Mr. Fall and of Dr. and Mrs. Berry.
J. Thompson opened a classical and mathematical seminary November I, 1828, in a room directly over McAnulty's store, a few doors below the bookstore on Market Street, at $20 per session.
H. W. Abrams opened a school for gentlemen, December 22, 1828, in Mr. McCombs's house on College Street, in which he taught English grammar, geography, arithmetic, penmanship, etc.
Mrs. Scott was one of the successful teachers of that early day. The eighteenth session of her school commenced January 11, 1830. In this school were taught orthography, reading, writing, arithmetic, English grammar, composition, geography, astronomy, chronology, mythology, natural and moral philosophy, rhetoric, chemistry, and useful and orna- mental needle-work. Her terms were for board and tuition, $50 per session; for day pupils, higher branches, $15; lower branches, $12; preparatory class, $10. In this school T. V. Peticolas gave instruction in drawing, and Mrs. S. H. Deforges in French.
Mr. and Mrs. Winson Edney taught a school in the large brick house on Cherry Street nearly opposite Mr. McLemore's land-office, in which the branches taught were spelling, writing, reading, arithmetic, English grammar, geography, history, rhetoric, logic, political economy, mathe- matics, natural philosophy, chemistry, Latin, and Greek.
Geyer & Chapman opened a writing academy in November, 1831, over John H. Smith's store. They taught on the "Carstarian System." Mr. Chapman, on the 10th of November, delivered a lecture in the hall of the House of Representatives on the "History of Chirography from the Earliest Times," and gave an illustration of the Carstarian system of penmanship.
Mr. Barker established a writing and painting academy soon after- ward. His system of writing, he said, had been sanctioned by the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences of London, Edinburgh, Dublin, and Paris, and it had become the standard system of writing throughout all Europe
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and also in many cities of America. He taught painting in both oil and water colors.
C. G. Macpherson opened a school December 5, 1836, in which were taught the English and ancient languages and such branches of science and literature as were taught in colleges. It was on the west side of Line Street near Summer Street. The terms were $25 per session.
W. Nash opened the Nashville Academy of Music on High Street some time in 1836.
Alexander Stanislaus-Villeplait, A.B., from the College of Henry IV., began to teach French and Spanish in Nashville about this time. His. terms were $25 for twelve weeks to evening classes, and $30 per session to pupils in academies. Mr. Villeplait afterward became Professor of Modern Languages in the University of Nashville.
Dr. Ring's Female Institute was established early in 1838. The sec- ond term commenced July 2 of that year in the basement of the new Baptist church. The course of study was very extensive. Latin, Greek, French, and Italian were extra studies. The regular terms were $20 and $25 per session. Dr. Ring closed his academy late the same year, and Mrs. Burrell informed her friends that the " avocations" of the establish- ment would be resumed January 3, 1839. All the most useful branches. of an English education, ornamental writing and fancy needle-work, French and Latin, drawing in pencil, crayon, and water colors, and oil and miniature painting and embroidery, were taught in this school under Mrs. Burrell. The price of tuition per session of twenty-one weeks ranged from $20 where French and Latin were taken to $35 where oil and miniature painting were included. Mr. Burrell took charge of this school in place of Mrs. Burrell in 1839, Mrs. Burrell remaining con- nected with the school as an assistant.
Nashville Medical College, or the Medical Department of the Univer- sity of Tennessee, was organized in the summer of 1876. The founders of this college were Dr. Duncan Eve and Dr. W. F. Glenn, who drew from the faculty of the Medical Department of the University of Nash- ville and Vanderbilt University Professor Paul F. Eve, who had been Surgeon-general of the Southern Confederacy, and who was the most. renowned and successful surgeon that ever resided in the South. The other members of the first faculty of this institution were: T. B. Buch- anan, M.D. George S. Blackie, M.D., W. P. Jones, M.D., and J. J. Abernathy, M.D. The first session of the institution opened March 5, 1877, under the most flattering auspices. The faculty represented a larger number of specialists than any other medical college in the South or West.
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In 1880 an overture was made the faculty by the trustees of the Uni- versity of Tennessee, formerly East Tennessee University, located at Knoxville, to become the Medical Department of that university, and an agreement was entered into to that effect. In the spring of the same year a Dental Department was established, and this was the first dental school anywhere in the South. This department is a member of the American Dental Association. The institution was at first located on the west side of Market Street, just below the public square. During the year 1880 it was moved to its present location on Broad Street between High and Vine Streets.
The following gentlemen have filled the various chairs in this college since its establishment:
Psychological Medicine and Mental Hygiene: W. P. Jones, M.D., 1877-79.
Nervous Diseases and Clinical Medicine: J. J. Abernathy, M.D., 1877-78.
Medical Jurisprudence: W. G. Brien, M.D., LL.D., 1877-90.
Chemistry and Toxicology: G. S. Blackie, M.D., Ph.D., 1877-81.
Obstetrics and Clinical Midwifery: J. Bunyan Stevens, M.D., Ph.D., 1877-81.
Materia Medica and Therapeutics: William M. Vertrees, M.D., 1877-90.
State Medicine and Diseases of the Chest: E. M. Wight, M.D., 1877-79.
Principles and Practice of Medicine: W. C. Cook, M.D., 1877; Deering J. Roberts, M.D., 1878-80; Deering J. Roberts, M.D., and W. K. Bowling, M.D., 1881-88; John S. Cain, M.D., 1888-90.
Gynecology and Diseases of Children: T. Chalmers Dow, M.D., 1877; J. S. Nowlin, M.D., 1878-89; W. D. Haggard, M.D., 1888-90.
Physiology: Deering J. Roberts, M.D., 1877; C. E. Ristine, M.D., 1878-81; T. O. Summers, M.D., 1882-88; John A. Witherspoon, M.D., Columbia, 1889-90.
Eye, Ear, and Throat: A. Blitz, M.D., 1877-80; J. G. Sinclair, M.D., 1881-90.
Surgery and Clinical Surgery: Duncan Eve, M.D., 1877-90.
Anatomy and Venereal Diseases: W. F. Glenn, M.D., 1877-90.
Dental Surgery: Robert Russell, M.D., 1877-88; Robert B. Lees, M.D., 1889-90.
State Preventive Medicine: J. B. Lindsley, M.D., LL.D., 1880-90.
Principles of Surgery, and Operative and Clinical Surgery; Paul F. Eve, M.D., 1888-90.
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General, Descriptive, and Surgical Anatomy: William E. McCamp- bell, M.D., 1888-90.
Theory and Practice of Medicine: John H. Blanks, M.D., 1888-90.
Physical Diagnosis: Haley P. Cartwright, M.D., Bowling Green, Ky., 1888-90.
Microscopy: Charles Mitchell, M.D., 1888-90.
Presidents of the Faculty: W. P. Jones, M.D., 1877; George S. Blackie, M.D., 1878-80: W. P. Jones, M.D., 1881-90.
Dean: Duncan Eve, M.D., 1877-90.
Presidents of the Council: Governor James D. Porter, 1877-78; Gov- ernor Albert S. Marks, 1878-80; Governor Alvin Hawkins, 1880-82; Governor William B. Bate, 1882-86; Governor Robert L. Taylor, 1886-90.
Vanderbilt University is situated in the west end of Nashville, on an oblong plat of ground containing seventy-four acres. It originated in the following manner: In 1868 Bishop H. N. McTyeire and Dr. T. O. Summers, seeing the need for better-prepared ministers in the M. E. Church, South, induced Professor L. C. Garland, LL.D., to write a se- ries of articles on this subject. Having thus foreshadowed the new move- ment, an attempt was made in the General Conference, which met in Mem- phis in May, 1870, to commit the Church to this policy. Owing to the opposition of the colleges already established, the attempt failed; but the friends of higher theological education, especially Bishops Paine and McTyeire, and Drs. A. L. P. Green, L. C. Garland, R. A. Young, and others, agreed among themselves to use all means in their power to pro- mote this enterprise. Seeing that a separate theological school could not be established, they decided to enlarge their plans so as to embrace a wider range of studies-theological, literary, scientific, and profession- al. In 1871 Dr. D. C. Kelley, having seen two articles in the Western Methodist, written in furtherance of these plans, presented a resolution before the Tennessee Annual Conference, then in session in Lebanon, Bishop Pierce presiding, which was adopted, providing for the appoint- ment of three commissioners, whose duty it should be to secure the co- operation of other Conferences in the work of establishing such an insti- tution. These commissioners were Drs. R. A. Young, A. L. P. Green, and D. C. Kelley. As a result of their labors with other Conferences, delegates were appointed from the Little Rock, White River, Arkan- sas, Memphis, North Alabama, North Mississippi, Mississippi, and Lou- isiana Conferences, representing Middle and West Tennessee, Alabama, ยท Mississippi, Louisiana, and Arkansas, to a convention to " consider the subject of a university such as would meet the wants of the Church
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and country." The convention met in Memphis January 24, remained in session four days, and adopted a plan for a university. The following is a portion of the report adopted :
" I. Resolved, That measures be adopted looking to the establishment as speedily as practicable of an institution of learning of the highest or- der and upon the surest basis, where the youth of the Church and coun- try may prosecute theological, literary, scientific, and professional stud- ies to an extent as great, and in a manner as thorough, as their wants de- mand.
" 2. That this institution shall be called the Central University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South."
Five departments were favored-theological, literary and scientific, normal, a law school, and a medical school. One million dollars was the sum named as necessary to insure success. The location was left to the decision of the bishops of the M. E. Church, South, at the suggestion of whom it was decided to raise $500,000 before commencing any work in connection with the establishment of the proposed school. The carrying out of the scheme was committed to William C. Johnson, Robert J. Mor- gan, Smith W. Moore, Milton Brown, A. L. P. Green, Jordan Stokes, D. C. Kelley, Edward H. East, Robert A. Young, Landon C. Garland, Philip Tuggle, John M. Steel, James H. McFerrin, Christopher D. Oli- ver, William Dickson, Edward Wadsworth, William M. Byrd, William L. C. Hunnicutt, Thomas Christian, James S. Borden, William H. Fos- ter, Andrew Hunter, James I. De Yampert, and David T. Reynolds.
A charter for the school was secured under the title of the " Central University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South." By-laws were adopted, agents appointed to solicit funds, and an attempt was made to raise the $500,000 deemed essential as a basis of operations. But such was the exhausted condition of the South in consequence of the war that it soon appeared impossible to raise that amount of money; and the well- laid plan was already, in the judgment of some of its warmest friends, a failure. The agents did not raise enough money to pay their own sala- ries. Out of this defeat came Vanderbilt University.
In February, 1873, Bishop Holland N. McTyeire spent by invitation several weeks with the family of Mr. Cornelius Vanderbilt, of New York. He and the bishop had married cousins in the city of Mobile, who were very intimate in their girlhood; and thus was brought about the intimacy of these two gentlemen. Mrs. Vanderbilt's heart still beat warm for the South, and at her solicitation Mr. Vanderbilt, having had from Bishop McTyeire an account of the efforts and the failure of the friends of Cen- tral University (one of whom he had been from the beginning), placed
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in his hands at supper one evening a proposition which was afterward embodied in the following paper, and submitted to the Board of Trust of Central University :
NEW YORK, March 17, 1873.
To Bishop H. N. McTyeire, of Nashville, Tenn.
I make the following offer through you to the corporation known as the " Central Univer- sity of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South:"
I. I authorize you to procure suitable grounds, not less than from twenty to fifty acres, properly located, for the erection of the following work.
2. To erect thereon suitable buildings for the uses of the university.
3. You to procure plans and specifications for such buildings, and submit them to me, and when approved, the money for the foregoing objects to be furnished by me as it is needed.
4. The sum included in the foregoing items, together with the " Endowment " and the " Li- brary " Funds shall not be less in the aggregate than five hundred thousand dollars; and the last two funds shall be furnished to the corporation so soon as the buildings for the university are completed and ready for use. The foregoing being subject to the following conditions:
I. That you accept the presidency of the Board of Trust, receiving therefor a salary of $3,- 000 per annum and the use of a dwelling-house free of rent, on or near the university grounds.
2. Upon your death or resignation, the Board of Trust shall elect a President.
3. To check hasty and injudicious appropriations or measures, the President shall have au- thority, whenever he objects to any act of the Board, to signify his objections in writing within ten days after its enactment; and no such act is to be valid unless, upon reconsideration, it be passed by a three-fourths vote of the Board.
4. The amount set apart by me as an " Endowment Fund " shall be forever inviolable, and shall be kept safely invested, and the interest or revenue only used in carrying on the univer- sity. The form of investment which I prefer, and in which I reserve the privilege to give the money to said fund, is in seven per cent. first-mortgage bonds of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad Company, to be registered in the name of the corporation, and to be transferable only upon a special vote of the Board of Trust.
5. The university to be located in or near Nashville, Tenn. Respectfully submitted.
C. VANDERBILT.
A called meeting of the Board of Trust was held March 26, 1873, at which the following resolutions were adopted :
" I. Resolved, That we accept with profound gratitude this donation, with all the terms and conditions specified in said proposition.
" 2. That, as an expression of our appreciation of this liberality, we in- struct the committee hereinafter mentioned to ask the Honorable Chan- cery Court to change the name and style of our corporation from the ' Central University of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South,' to the ' Vanderbilt University ;' and that the institution thus endowed and char- tered shall be from henceforth known and called by that name."
The committee referred to was composed of Honorable Milton Brown, Honorable E. H. East, and Rev. D. C. Kelley, D.D.
Mr. Vanderbilt afterward added to his original gift in accordance with the following letter:
To Rev. H. N. McTyeire, Bishop.
NEW YORK, March 24, 1874.
Dear Sir: Referring to your letter of the 17th instant, I beg to say that the plans you have
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shown me as therein stated are approved. As you express some doubt whether the " Endow- ment Fund" of $300,000 can be preserved if these plans are fully carried out, and as you con- sider such a fund of vital importance to the success of the institution, I have decided to add $100,000 to the whole fund upon the following conditions:
I. That the conditions named in my letter contributing $500,000 shall remain in force, ex- cept so far as they may be modified by this letter.
2. That you draw upon me from time to time, as needed for the progress of the work, until, including the amounts already drawn for, the sum of $300,000, or as much thereof as may be necessary, has been reached.
3. The salary of the President of the institution to begin on the Ist of April, 1874, and until the " Endowment Fund " shall be placed in the hands of the trustees, as hereinafter provided, such salary to be paid out of the $300,000 mentioned in the preceding condition, so that such "Endowment Fund," when so placed, shall be free from any diminution or deduction.
After the selection of the site, ground was broken for the main build- ing September 15, 1873, and the corner-stone was laid on April 28, 1874. By October, 1875, buildings and apparatus were in condition for the opening of the university, and a library of about six thousand volumes had been collected. The main building contains chapel, library and reading-room, museum, laboratories, and lecture-rooms and offices for professors. On the grounds there had also been erected eight profess- ors' houses and a commodious divinity school building. Including the Observatory, there were eleven brick and eleven frame buildings in the latter part of 1875. The cost of erecting these buildings outran the esti- mates; and in December, 1875, Mr. Vanderbilt added to his previous princely gift sufficient to make the entire contribution $692,831.46, the object being to preserve the " Endowment Fund " of $300,000 intact.
The dedication and inauguration exercises of the university began Oc- tober 3, 1875, in the chapel of the main building. The opening was a voluntary by the choir, followed by the hymn commencing
Young men and maidens raise Your tuneful voices high.
Prayer was offered by Bishop McTyeire, and the choir sung
All hail the power of Jesus' name Let angels prostrate fall.
Bishop Doggett delivered the dedicatory sermon on the "Dynamics of Christianity; or, Its System of Moral Forces." In the afternoon Bishop Wightman preached on "Christ the Center and Bond of the Universe." Monday morning Bishop McTyeire made a brief address, and was fol- lowed by Rev. Charles F. Deems on the "Relations of the University to Religion." In the afternoon Rev. A. A. Lipscomb spoke on the " Re- lations of the University to General Education." Bishop McTyeire ad- dressed the faculties of the university, and Chancellor Garland respond- ed, after which an inauguration ode, composed for the occasion by Rev.
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A. A. Lipscomb, was sung, and the benediction was pronounced by Bishop Doggett. On Sunday afternoon, October 17, 1875, Rev. Thom- as O. Summers, D.D., delivered a discourse on the "Character and De- sign of the Biblical Department of the University," which closed the. dedicatory exercises.
As originally organized the officers of Vanderbilt University consisted of the Board of Trust, which was composed of Bishop McTyeire and four gentlemen from each of the following Conferences: Tennessee, Memphis, North Mississippi, North Alabama, Little Rock, White River, and Arkansas. The Louisville Conference has been added since. The officers of the Board were: Bishop McTyeire, President; Hon. E. H. East, Hon. R. J. Morgan, Hon. W. B. Wood, Hon. L. Q. C. Lamar, Hon. W. W. Floyd, Rev. G. A. Dannelly, and A. R. Winfield, D.D., Vice-presidents; R. A. Young, D.D., Secretary and Financial Agent; and Dempsey Weaver, Treasurer. The executive committee consisted. of Bishop McTyeire, R. A. Young, D.D., D. C. Kelley, D.D., Hon. E. H. East, and D. T. Reynolds. The officers of instruction and gov- ernment were as follows: Landon C. Garland, LL.D., Chancellor.
Department of Philosophy, Science, and Literature: Landon C. Gar- land, LL.D., Professor of Physics and Astronomy; Nathaniel T. Lup- ton, A.M., Chemistry; Milton W. Humphreys, A.M., Ph.D., Greek; B. W. Arnold, A.M., Latin; Edward S. Joynes, A.M., Modern Lan- guages, including English; A. A. Lipscomb, D.D., LL.D., Philosophy and Criticism; James M. Safford, M.D., Ph.D., Mineralogy, Botany, and Economical Geology; Alexander Winchell, LL.D., Zoology and Historical and Dynamical Geology; and William LeRoy Broun, M.A., LL.D., Professor of Mathematics.
Biblical Department: T. O. Summers, D.D., LL.D., Systematic The- ology; A. M. Shipp, D.D., Exegetical Theology; J. C. Granbery, Practical Theology; R. M. McIntosh, Vocal Music.
Law Department: Thomas H. Malone, Dean, Commercial Law, In- surance, Jurisprudence of the Courts of the United States, etc .; W. B. Reese, Secretary, Law of Real Property, Criminal Law, Procedure, etc .; Ed. Baxter, Law of Domestic Relations, Agency, Partnership, Corporations, etc.
Medical Department: Thomas Menees, M.D., Dean, and Professor of Obstetrics; J. M. Safford, M.D., Secretary, Chemistry; Paul F. Eve, M.D., Operative and Clinical Surgery; William T. Briggs, M.D., Prin- ciples and Practice of Surgery; Thomas L. Maddin, M.D., Institutes and Practice of Medicine; William M. Nichol, M.D., Diseases of Women and Children, and Clinical Medicine; Van S. Lindsley, M.D., Physi-
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ology; Thomas A. Atchison, M.D., Materia Medica and Therapeutics; T. O. Summers, Jr., M.D., Anatomy and Histology; John H. Callender, M.D., Psychological Medicine; and Charles S. Briggs, M.D., Demon- strator of Anatomy.
Thus was the university organized and with these officers and instruct- ors did it commence its work. The total number of students in attend- ance at this university for the several years of its existence have been as follows: For the year 1875-76, 307; for 1876-77, 382; for 1877-78, 405; for 1878-79, 421; for 1879-80, 485; for 1880-81, 632; for 1881- 82, 603; for 1882-83, 487; for 1883-84, 459; for 1884-85, 499; for 1885- 86, 553; for 1886-87, 625; for 1887-88, 589; for 1888-89, 615; for 1889-90, 637.
The number of graduates in the various departments is as follows: Academic, 118; Biblical, 85; Law, 195; Engineering, 12; Pharmacy, 92; Dentistry, 237; Medicine, 1,251: total, 1,990.
In 1879 a new department was added to the university, the School of Pharmacy. The faculty in this department the first year was composed of N. T. Lupton, M.D., LL.D., Dean and Professor of Chemistry; J. M. Safford, M.D., Ph.D., Botany; T. A. Atchison, M.D., Materia Medica and Toxicology; and William G. Ewing, M.D., Ph.D., Theory and Practice of Pharmacy.
In 1880 the Dental Department was added, with the following as a spe- cial faculty : William H. Morgan, M.D., D.D.S., Dean and Professor of Clinical Dentistry and Dental Pathology; James C. Ross, D.D.S., Pro- fessor of Operative Dentistry and Dental Hygiene; Robert R. Freeman, M.D., D.D.S., Professor of Mechanical and Corrective Dentistry. These professors have been retained in their respective chairs. The other professors connected with this department are also connected with other departments, and have been named as such professors.
The Department of Engineering, which since 1878 had been a school of the Academic Department, was established in 1886. Following are the names of the first full faculty: Olin H. Landreth, M.A., C.E., Dean and Professor of Engineering; L. C. Garland, A.M., LL.D., Physics and Astronomy; James M. Safford, M.D., Ph.D., Natural History, Ge- ology, and Metallurgy; William M. Baskervill, A.M., Ph.D., English Language and Literature; William J. Vaughn, M.A., LL.D., Mathe- matics; John J. Tigert, M.A., S.T.B., Psychology. Logic, History, and Civics; C. Zdanowicz, Modern Languages, and Literatures; William L. Dudley, Chemistry; J. T. McGill, B.S., Ph.D., Adjunct Professor of Chemistry; W. T. Magruder, Adjunct Professor of Mechanical Engi- neering, 1888.
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