History of Nashville, Tenn., Part 58

Author: Wooldridge, John, ed; Hoss, Elijah Embree, bp., 1849-1919; Reese, William B
Publication date: 1890
Publisher: Nashville, Tenn., Pub. for H. W. Crew, by the Publishing house of the Methodist Episcopal church, South
Number of Pages: 806


USA > Tennessee > Davidson County > Nashville > History of Nashville, Tenn. > Part 58


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Dr. Clara C. Plimpton, a graduate of the New York Homeopathic College for Women, located in Nashville in 1878. She was the pioneer physician of the new school in the Southern States. She has a large practice and is very successful. She is the attending physician at the hospital attached to the Woman's Mission Home at Nashville. Her ca- reer since locating in this city has been such as to demonstrate not only the right of women to practice medicine, but also their adaptation to the special departments of the diseases of women and children.


Dr. J. H. Enloe, a brother of Dr. T. E. Enloe, is a graduate of the Medical Department of the University of Michigan, in 1879. He prac- ticed a few years in Rome, Ga., and came to Nashville in 1886, where he has been engaged in the practice of medicine ever since.


Dr. D. R. Overman studied medicine at the University of Michigan, at the Cincinnati hospital, and afterward graduated at the Pulte Medical College, at Cincinnati, O., in 1870. After graduation he practiced at Walnut Hills about eighteen months, then went to Georgia, to East Ten- nessee, and finally located in Nashville in 1886. In 1887 he became par- ticularly interested in the use of specific oxygen, and has used it in his practice ever since. In February, 1890, he formed the Specific Oxygen Company, composed of W. J. Miller, President; G. W. Hutchison, Vice-president; E. G. Connette, Secretary ; J. T. Hutchison, Treasurer ; F. P. Loose, Manager; and D. R. Overman, M.D., Medical Director.


Dr. James T. Dicks is a graduate of Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, in 1878. After graduation he practiced in Indiana until 1884, since which time he has been practicing medicine in Nashville.


The Davidson County Homeopathic Society was organized in IS70, with Dr. Henry Sheffield, President, and Dr. J. P. Dake, Secretary. This organization was afterward enlarged into the Homeopathic Society


540


HISTORY OF NASHVILLE.


of Middle Tennessee. The officers of this society have been as follows : In 1875, Dr. J. P. Dake, President; Dr. E. R. Smith, Secretary. In 1876, Dr. E. R. Smith, President; Dr. William C. Dake, Secretary. In 1877, Dr. T. E. Enloe, President; Dr. W. M. Biddle, Secretary. In 1878, Dr. Wm. C. Dake, President; Dr. A. R. Barrett, Secretary. In 1879, Dr. Wm. C. Dake, President; Dr. Walter M. Dake, Secretary. In 1880 the same officers were re-elected and retained their positions until October, 1889, when the Hahnemann Club was formed to take the place of the Homeopathic Medical Society of Middle Tennessee. This club has, from the first, been composed of eight homeopathic and two eclectic physicians; the former being Dr. J. P. Dake, Dr. William C. Dake, Dr. Walter M. Dake, Dr. Thomas E. Enloe, Dr. C. C. Plimpton, Dr. James H. Enloe, Dr. P. S. Boyd, and Dr. D. R. Overman; and the latter, Dr. F. H. Fisk and Dr. G. M. Hite. This club is both professional and social, holding biweekly meetings at the house of some member, the host presiding. Dr. J. H. Enloe has been Secretary ever since the or- ganization. At each meeting a member is appointed to read an essay at the next meeting, and also two other members to lead the discussion of the subject treated in the essay. Besides papers of strictly professional nature there have been papers read on "Compulsory Vaccination; " " The Management of Public Hospitals; " and upon " The Regulation of the Practice of Medicine by Law."


Dr. J. P. Dake, the senior member of the club, states that the name chosen was in honor of a great leader of medical reform, the in- fluence of whose work had effected greater changes in the practice of the healing art than that of any man since the time of Galen. He ac- cords to Hahnemann the credit of proving to the world the uselessness and harmfulness of heroic drugging and depletion and torture, and the ·greater directness and certainty of a treatment directed by a plain law of nature. He says any and all healers of the sick are welcome in the club and free to express their views and report results of any methods or means of cure, as the club has no dogma or creed or code to maintain that would forbid professional freedom.


A most important event in the history of medicine was the meeting of the American Medical Association in Nashville, May 20 to 23, 1890. The attendance was very large, the entire number of physicians and oth- ers directly or indirectly connected with the Association being from one thousand to twelve hundred. The papers read were so numerous and important that it was impossible for them all to be read to the whole Asso- ciation, hence the division into sections as follows, each section holding separate meetings: Surgery and Anatomy: B. A. Watson, Jersey City,


Engty E G Withome & Bro MY


Tho, L. Madden M. D.


541


MEDICAL HISTORY.


N. J., Chairman; and J. B. Deaver, Philadelphia, Secretary. Obstet- rics and Diseases of Women: William Warren Potter, Buffalo, N. Y., President; and Joseph Hoffman, Philadelphia, Secretary. State Medi- cine: John B. Hamilton, Washington, D. C., Chairman; and Francis S. Bascom, Salt Lake City, Secretary. Ophthalmology: S. C. Ayers, Cincinnati, O., Chairman; and E. J. Gardner, Chicago, Secretary. Laryngology and Otology: John O. Roe, Rochester, N. Y., Chairman ; and Frank H. Potter, Buffalo, N. Y., Secretary. Diseases of Children : I. N. Love, St. Louis, Mo., Chairman; and D. F. Brush, Mt. Vernon, N. Y., Secretary. Medical Jurisprudence: T. B. Evans, Baltimore, Chairman; and T. D. Crothers, Hartford, Conn., Secretary. Practice of Medicine and Materia Medica and Physiology, Dermatology, and Syphilography: J. E. Atkison, Baltimore, Chairman; and William T. Corlett, Cleveland, O., Secretary. Dental and Oral Surgery: J. L. Williams, Boston, Mass., Chairman; and Eugene S. Talbot, Chicago, Secretary.


The only time this Association had previously met in Nashville was in 1857. On that occasion a grand ball was given at the State Capitol in honor of the Association, of which the following is the card of invitation : "IN HONOR OF THE DELEGATES TO THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIA- TION.


" The committee on behalf of the citizens will be pleased to see you at the Capitol on Thursday, May 7, at 8 o'clock P.M.


" Nashville, April 15, 1857.


"Committee of Invitation: Dr. R. C. Foster, Dr. W. L. Nichol, Dr. J. H. Horton, Dr. J. H. Callender, Dr. T. L. Maddin, Dr. C. L. Lewis. "Managers: Governor Andrew Johnson, Hon. Washington Barrow, Hon. W. K. Turner, General S. R. Anderson, Dr. A. H. Buchanan, Dr. J. D. Kelley, Dr. John Waters, Dr. D. T. McGavock, Hon. John Bell, Hon. Edwin H. Ewing, Hon. John Catron, Hon. Nat Baxter, Dr. J. N. Esselman, Dr. T. R. Jennings, Dr. R. C. K. Martin, George W. Cunningham, Hon. Cave Johnson, Ex-governor Neill S. Brown, Hon. F. K. Zollicoffer, R. C. McNairy, Esq., Dr. Felix Robertson, Dr. John Shelby, Dr. James Overton, and R. C. Foster, Sr., Esq."


Of the above Committee of Invitation, four participated in the meeting of 1890-viz., Dr. John H. Callender, Dr. W. L. Nichol, Dr. T. L. Maddin, and Dr. C. L. Lewis. Of the list of managers there are but three now living: Hon. Edwin H. Ewing, of Murfreesboro; Hon. Na- thaniel Baxter, and George W. Cunningham.


The meeting was one of the most important the Association has ever held, and a great deal of attention was given the visiting delegates by the


542


HISTORY OF NASHVILLE.


citizens of Nashville. The officers elected for the ensuing year were: Dr. W. T. Briggs, of Nashville, President; R. J. Dunglison, of Penn- sylvania, Treasurer; W. B. Atkinson, of Pennsylvania, Permanent Sec- retary; and C. L. Richardson, District of Columbia, Librarian.


A most notable feature of the meeting here was the exhibit of chem- ical and pharmaceutical preparations, surgical instruments, appliances, etc., in Amusement Hall, on Broad Street. The exhibit embraced every instrument and appliance used by medical practitioners; and for variety, quantity, and quality has seldom been excelled. Its value was not less than a million dollars, and was arranged by the following gentlemen as a local sub-committee on exhibits: Dr. J. Berrien Lindsley, Chairman ; Deering J. Roberts, Richard Douglass, C. S. Briggs, H. W. Morgan, W. J. Sneed, John P. McFarland, J. W. McAlister, D. R. Stubblefield, Ambrose Morrison, and Paul F. Eve.


-


N. J. Briggs


CHAPTER XIX.


CEMETERIES.


First Burial Places-The City Cemetery-Epitaphs on Tombs of Distinguished Dead-Mount Olivet Cemetery-Nashville National Cemetery-Confederate Cemetery-Confederate Monumental Association and Confederate Monument-Mount Calvary Catholic Cemetery -Mount Ararat Cemetery-The Hebrew Cemetery.


T HE first burial places in the vicinity of Nashville were on open grounds near the sulphur spring, and two or three country places in the neighborhood. The City Cemetery began to be used as a place of interment in 1822. The following table shows the number of interments from that year to 1859, inclusive. It was compiled by Professor R. C. Currey up to 1853, and for the later years by the publishers of the "Nashville City and Business Directory" for 1860, a rare book loaned the writer of this chapter by F. W. Weller, Esq.


The following is the record of burials in the City Cemetery :


WHITES.


BLACKS.


WHITES.


BLACKS.


YEAR.


Males.


Females.


Infants.


Males.


Females.


Infants.


Total.


Males.


Females.


Infants.


Males.


Females.


Infants.


Total.


1822 ..


27


IO


14


7


..


II


69


1842


42


28


49


20


26


47 212


1823 ..


22


5


23


5


5


14


74


1843 .


42


43


72


22


44


42 265


1824.


19


5


35


5


II


27


IO2


1844


61


43 112


19


22


57 314


1825.


18


12


I3


7


I5 71


1845.


44


41


67


20


19


47 238


1826.


17


IO


28


II


I2


27


105


1846


70


50


I39


21


21


67 368


1827.


24


9


37


II


13


35 129


1847


70


65


198


36


37


76 476


1848.


82


64 179


24


21


74 446


1849


I7I


I68


190


75


65


70 739


1832.


I4


19


41


5


12


II5


1850.


190


I55 231


77


92


93 838


1833.


78


34


19


52


I3


46


46


36 336


1853


77


58 149


35


40


70 429


1836.


33


28


76


20


14


54 225


1854.


I20


IO2


178


60


46


92 598


1837


40


29


57


14


19


39


198


1855


89


75


164


32


39


75 474


1838.


29


22


60


15


18


41 185


1856.


62


62 161


27


41


74 427


1839


43


25


53


22


24


33


200


1857.


59


69 147


25


40


61 40I


1840.


42


26


63


21


2I


48


22I


1858.


68


55


I66


33


37


55 414


184I ..


34


40


78


22


24


70 268


1859.


S3


60 162


37


51


90 483


II


39


1829.


34


I6


70


86


48


55


54 355


1851


63


50 145


34


25


69 386


1834.


85


63 221


35


46


98 548


1835


33


8


52


23


I7


21


50


208


24


33 175


1852


74


55


79


16


42


In the above table all under ten years of age are included in the list of infants.


There is no official record of mortality for 1830 and 1831, nor till May in 1832.


The City Cemetery embraces twenty-seven acres regularly laid out into streets. The above table shows 11,259 burials previous to 1850, among them many of the prominent and historic characters not only of Nashville,


6


1828.


I66


YEAR.


544


HISTORY OF NASHVILLE.


but also of Tennessee. General James Robertson, the founder of Nash- ville, Governor William Carroll, Hon. Felix Grundy, Dr. John Shelby, Duncan Robertson, Dr. Robert Porter, General Felix K. Zollicoffer, General James E. Rains, Colonel John Tipton, and numerous others rest there from their labors.


The visitor to this cemetery is informed that Hon. Robert Whyte was born in Wigtonshire, Scotland, January 6, 1767; and died at Nashville November 12, 1844. Perhaps as appreciative an epitaph as any in this burying-ground is that on the fine monument to Governor William Car- roll. The language is as follows:


"To the memory of General William Carroll, born in Pennsylvania March 3, 1788. He was distinguished in the battles of Talladega, Em- uckfaw, Enotochopco, Tohopeka, and New Orleans, and as Chief Mag- istrate of Tennessee for twelve successive years."


The above is on the west side of the monument. On the south front is the following :


"As a gentleman he was modest, intelligent, and courteous. As an officer he was energetic, gallant, and daring. As a statesman, firm, wise, and just.


"To commemorate her estimation of his character and services, the State of Tennessee has caused this monument to be erected."


Another monument bears the following inscription :


" Sacred to the memory of Felix Grundy, born in Berkeley County, Va., September 11, 1777 ; died in Nashville, Tenn., December 19, 1840." On still another is this record :


" The Masonic Fraternity of Tennessee, to Wilkins Tannehill, Past Grand Master; loved and honored, his brothers revere his memory."


Another inscription is as follows:


"John Sommerville, born in York, Penn., June 25, 1770; died at Nash- ville April 26, 1846. He removed to Nashville in 1799, in the various banks of which city, from 1812 to his death, he successively filled the offices of Clerk, Teller, Cashier, and President. The duties of these offices he discharged with a fidelity that never faltered, and an integrity which was above the reach of temptation. He has left a name which will long be cherished by his family and friends."


But it will perhaps be a surprise to many to learn that such an appre- ciative epitaph as the following should be found dedicated to the memory of Colonel John Tipton, inasmuch as he is set forth in such an unen- viable light in certain histories of the State. In Chapter VII., page 101, it is stated that on account of the monument to Colonel Tipton being broken into four or five pieces it was impossible for the writer to get the


545


CEMETERIES.


inscription. Since that chapter was written the writer of this chapter, in company with the writer of that, arranged the pieces of the broken slab in such a manner as to render it easy to copy the inscription, which is presented below. However, it is proper to state that the inscription was made public in the newspapers of that day, and it was also stated that it was written by Hon. Ephraim H. Foster:


" This monumental slab, sacred to the memory of the late Colonel John Tipton, of Washington County, in the State of Tennessee, was placed here by the members and officers of the 19th General Assembly of that State as a token of regard for the talents and excellences of the de- ceased. An early adventurer in this country, Colonel Tipton was dis- tinguished for his daring intrepidity in the sanguinary Indian wars of the day. He gave promise of the future by the deeds of his youth, and veri- fied public expectations by the lofty stand he afterward assumed and al- ways sustained. In the councils of the State he was an incorruptible patriot, bold in conception and fearless in execution. Covered with hon- ors and with years, he descended to the grave on the 8th day of October, 1831, in the 64th year of his age.


" How sleep the brave who sink to rest By all their country's wishes blessed! When spring, with dewy fingers cold, Returns to deck their hallowed mold, She there shall dress a sweeter sod Than Fancy's feet have ever trod."


Mount Olivet Cemetery is one of the most beautiful cemeteries in the South. It contains one hundred and five acres, is two and a half miles from the city, and fronts on both the Lebanon and Stone's River turn- pikes. It was established in October, 1855, by a stock company char- tered by the State of Tennessee. In this cemetery are numerous monu- ments, mausoleums, obelisks, etc., and many distinguished men lie buried within its limits, among them Hon. John Bell and Aaron V. Brown. Its surface is undulating. It has a clear running brook, and many noble native forest-trees. The entire tract has been laid out by a skillful artist, and thousands of evergreen and other ornamental trees, collected from the surrounding forests, have been added to the native forest-trees, and the whole is surrounded by an osage-orange hedge. Neither pains nor expense have been spared in its adornment.


The company owning this cemetery was incorporated in 1855 as the "Mount Olivet Cemetery Company," and was composed of A. V. S. Lindsley, C. W. Nance, B. W. Hall, J. H. Buddeke, J. F. Morgan, An- son Nelson, and Thompson Anderson. The first Board of Directors was 35


546


HISTORY OF NASHVILLE.


composed of the same gentlemen, except that J. H. McDonald was one of the directors instead of J. F. Morgan. The officers of this company have been as follows: Presidents: A. V. S. Lindsley, 1855-85; Thomp- son Anderson, 1885 to the present time. Vice-presidents: Thompson Anderson, until 1885; T. J. O'Keefe, 1885 to present time. Secretary : C. W. Nance, 1855 to the present time. Treasurers: W. A. Eichbaum, J. H. Buddeke, Thomas Callender, 1872 to the present time. Superin- tendents: William Woodward, F. Schlinig, and B. F. Woodward.


The number of interments in this cemetery from its opening for that purpose to June 1, 1890, is 10,909, including 1,450 Confederate sol- diers.


The Nashville National Cemetery is situated on the west side of the Gallatin turnpike, six miles north of Nashville. It was established Janu- ary 28, 1867, the selection of the site having been made by Major-gen- eral George H. Thomas. The Louisville and Nashville railroad runs through it from north to south, cutting it into nearly equal portions. The location was thus chosen by General Thomas so that, as he said, no one could come to Nashville from the north and not be reminded of the sac- rifices that had been made for the preservation of the Union. The cem- etery is about one mile south of Madison Station. It contains sixty-four acres of land, beautifully undulating and surrounded by a stone wall, covered with a coping of sawed limestone slabs.


The main entrance is near the center of the east side, and is covered by a handsome arched gate-way of white marble, the entrance being through double iron gates. A main avenue extends from the gate-way through the grounds, and from this main avenue numerous branches wind around in such manner as to reach the entire area. The cemetery is thus divided into numerous sections of various shapes and sizes. East of the railroad, in the south part of the grounds, is a circular mound, upon which is set up a thirty-two pound gun as a monument. Four other iron- gun monuments are located elsewhere on the grounds. On the first gun mentioned is placed a bronze shield inscribed with date of the establish- ment of the cemetery and the number of interments at the time of the making of the inscription.


The graves in this cemetery are placed in parallel rows or in curves concentric with avenues. They are marked with marble head-stones bearing the number of the grave and the name of the soldier buried be- neath, together with the State to which he belonged. The bodies were removed from the places of original interment-the burial-grounds around Nashville, the battle-fields of Gallatin, Bowling Green, Cave City, and those in the immediate vicinity of Nashville. Much labor and money


547


CEMETERIES.


have been expended in laying out and beautifying the grounds under the direction of a skilled engineer, and by the natural growth of the trees, shrubs, and flowers they become more beautiful every year. The num- ber of interments is as follows: White Union soldiers, 13,893; colored Union soldiers, 1,910; employees, 730; Confederates, 4. Total, 16,537.


In Tennessee there are seven national cemeteries-Nashville contain- ing 16,537 graves; Memphis, 13,981 ; Chattanooga, 13,001 ; Stone's River, 6,145; Pittsburg Landing, 3,596; Knoxville, 3,156; Fort Donelson; 669. Total graves, 57,085.


The Confederate Cemetery was established in 1869 by the Ladies' Memorial Society of Nashville. It is situated in the center of Mount Olivet Cemetery, and is for the burial of Confederate soldiers who fell in the battles in the vicinity of Nashville. It is on a very pretty hillock, which has a natural slope in every direction. In the center, and on the highest point in the cemetery, is a monumental circle, which from the first was reserved for the erection of an obelisk to the memory of the Confederate soldier. Thirteen rows of graves encircle this reserved space, with four avenues from the center, extending north, south, east, and west. The first six rows from the center contain the remains of sol- diers from other States; the seventh row contains the "unknown," and the outer rows contain the remains of Tennessee soldiers. There are in- terred in this Confederate cemetery about fourteen hundred bodies. Following is a brief account of the erection of the monument referred to above, together with a short history of the association which secured its erection :


The Confederate Monumental Association was incorporated May 9, 1887, for the building and erecting of a Confederate monument in Mount Olivet Cemetery. The incorporators were John Overton, M. A. Spurr, W. G. Bush, F. S. Harris, Isaac Litton, John P. Hickman, Frank An- derson, Harriet M. Overton, Sue P. Allen, Rebecca A. Porter, Felicia G. Porter, Caroline D. M. Goodlett, Ann E. Snyder, Alicia F. Dyas, George B. Guild, Kittie G. McKee, Fannie M. McMurray, Isabella M. Clark, Kittie K. Lindsley, Sallie McG. Lindsley, Lucinda T. Litton, Annie Litton, Fannie D. Harris, Tennie Wharton, Kate L. Hickman, Ella Hill, Alexander Bolton, W. J. McMurray, M. B. Toney, M. B. Pilch- er, W. B. Bate, Frank Porterfield, E. R. Richardson, D. B. Cooper, Thomas L. Dodd, H. W. Hall, and Mark S. Cockrill. The association was organized by the election of John Overton, President; W. G. Bush, First Vice-president; F. S. Harris, Second Vice-president; Harriet M. Overton, Third Vice-president; Sue P. Allen, Fourth Vice-president; Rebecca A. Porter, Fifth Vice-president; Felicia G. Porter, Sixth Vice-


548


HISTORY OF NASHVILLE.


president; Caroline D. M. Goodlett, Seventh Vice-president; John P. Hickman, Secretary; M. A. Spurr, Treasurer.


A committee of twenty ladies was appointed to receive subscriptions, which committee collected all the funds that were used. After a canvass of a few months it became evident that sufficient money could be real- ized, and conferences were held with sculptors with regard to the erec- tion of a monument. A proposition received from M. Muldoon & Co., of Louisville, Ky., was decided upon, and a committee was appointed to close the contract. This committee was composed of George B. Guild, Dr. W. J. McMurray, Colonel John Overton, Mrs. John Overton, Mrs. B. B. Allen, and Miss Alicia Dyas. The contract, which was closed Feb- ruary 16, 1888, required the monument to be completed May 1, 1889, and to cost $10,500. A committee on design of soldier to be placed on top of the monument and on inscriptions was appointed, consisting of George B. Guild, Dr. W. J. McMurray, and General W. H. Jackson. The mon- ument, having been erected, was accepted by the association May 10, 1889. The ceremonies of unveiling the monument occurred May 16, following.


The monument is of Vermont granite. Its height from the ground to the top is forty-five feet six inches. The first base is sixteen feet square, and upon this base rest three other, smaller bases. On the upper part of these three is inscribed, in bold relief, raised letters, " Confederate Memorial." On the third base rests a die block, on which there are four raised panels, with the following inscriptions:


Front: "This shaft honors the valor, devotion, and sacrifice unto death of Confederate soldiers of Tennessee. The winds of heaven kiss- ing its sides hymn an everlasting requiem in memory of the unreturning brave."


Rear: "Erected through the efforts of women of the State, in admira- tion of the chivalry of men who fought in defense of home and fireside, and in their fall sealed a title to unfading affection."


Right: "In the magnanimous judgment of mankind, who gives up life under a sense of duty to a public cause deemed just, is a hero."


Left: "The muster-roll of our dauntless dead is lost, and their dust dispersed on many fields. This column sentinels each soldier grave as a shrine."


The die block upon which are these inscriptions is surmounted by a Grecian cap-stone, on which rests the large, massive shaft, twenty-eight feet high and four feet square at the base. Upon each side of this shaft appears the monogram, "C. S. A.," and entwined around the shaft is the Confederate battle-flag, the staff of which is broken. The shaft is sur- mounted by a beautiful cap of foliage leaf, on which stands the Confed-


549


CEMETERIES.


erate soldier, nine feet two inches high, in battle line, with his gun at rest and looking toward the north. His cartridge-box, on the belt of which appear the letters "C. S. A.," his bayonet at his side, and can- teen hanging from his shoulder, are plainly visible. This soldier figure was carved at Cararra, Italy, by Carlo Nicoli.


The ceremony of unveiling was largely attended, there being, accord- ing to the American, upward of ten thousand persons on the ground. Prayer was offered by Rev. D. C. Kelley, D.D., Captain George B. Guild delivered the dedicatory address, and Dr. W. J. McMurray re- ceived the monument on the part of comrades in an eloquent address. Colonel John Overton introduced the orator of the day, Hon. W. C. P. Breckenridge, whose oration was very eloquent and impressive. Rev. R. Lin Cave uttered the closing prayer, and the benediction was pro- nounced by Rev. J. H. McNeilly.




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