USA > Washington > Spokane County > Spokane > History of the city of Spokane and Spokane County, Washington : from its earliest settlement to the present time, Volume I > Part 55
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Starting of work on the Monroe street bridge. The piers were built by day Jabor, the bridge by contract.
In December the Spokane Street Railway company started work by putting in electric power and abolishing horses.
CHAPTER XLVI
NEW YEAR'S, 1891, SEES A NEW SPOKANE
INDIAN WAR THREATENED IN OKANOGAN COUNTRY-BRIBERY SENSATION AT OLYM- PIA-CITY ELECTION-MAYOR, COUNCIL AND COMMISSIONERS CLASH-BOARD OF TRADE BECOMES CHAMBER OF COMMERCE-SALE OF MORNING MINE-STRANGE CASE OF HERMAN L. CHASE-BEGINNING OF ROSSLAND CAMP-DISCOVERY OF KASLO AND SLOCAN MINES-JAMES J. HILL'S FIRST VISIT-NEW HIGH SCHOOL OPENED- SPOKANE'S FIRST DERBY-REVIEW CELEBRATES IN ITS NEW BUILDING-SPIRITED SCHOOL ELECTION.
B Y JANUARY 1, 1891. sixteen months after the great fire of 1889, a new and imposing business district had taken the place. of that leveled by flame. It was closely estimated that $5,000,000 had gone into new buildings in 1890. The census of June had given Spokane nearly 20,000 population, but that eount embraced only people living within the old city limits, two miles square. Population within the annexed territory gave a true total of nearly 25,000, and by January 1 the newspapers claimed 28,000.
Real estate transfers for 1890 were totaled at $18,000.000. The assessed valuation of city property was $18,790,000. The flour mills had a daily capacity of 700 barrels, and the year's lumber eut was 30,000,000 feet. Eleven banks had $5,000,000 on deposit. The year's postoffice receipts were $52.705. as against $19,612 in 1888. A census of the maunfacturing interests showed 223 concerns, employing 2,584 hands. The railroads that year had carried in and out of Spokane 257,500 tons of freight. The telephone system had 110 subscribers, and thirty- four miles of street railway were in operation.
The city had nine public school buildings, valned at $125,000; forty-three teach- ers and 2,500 pupils. There were thirty churches.
As revealing the growth of a decade. the Review contrasted these figures with the showing of 1880, when the town had a population of 350. an assessed valua- tion of $50,000, real estate transfers of $25.000. a milling capacity of ten barrels daily, an annual lumber eut of 500,000 feet, and a payroll of twenty-five hands.
In January eame news of a threatened Indian uprising in the Okanogan eoun- try. A freighter named Cole had been murdered by Indians, and in making arrests Deputy Sheriff Ives killed "Captain Jolm." Stephen, a youth of 15, and cousin of Captain John, came in and surrendered on a promise that he should be tried by law. Twenty-five masked men went to the jail on the morning of January 8, seized the Indian boy, and hanged him to a tree half a mile below Ruby City.
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This deeply grieved and angered the Indians on the Colville reservation, some of whom grew menacing. The unrest spread to neighboring tribes, and so far away as Yakima redmen were war dancing. The scattered settlements, alarmed at this showing, sent out appeals for protection, and the governor ordered Company G of Spokane in readiness to be dispatched to the front. At this juncture Adjutant- General A. P. Curry of Spokane, gathering around him a few experienced fron- tiersmen. went into the Nespelim country, held a conference with seventy of the leading Indians, and was successful in his effort to mollify them.
Thus passed the last Indian seare in the Spokane country.
At Olympia this winter the senatorial contest lay between Watson C. Squire, of Seattle, who sought reelection, and W. H. Calkins of Tacoma. In the house. January 20. Representative John L. Metcalf of Stevens stated that Harry A. Clarke of Spo- kane had offered him $500 to vote for Calkins. Friends of the Tacoma candidate promptly branded this as a Squire trick to discredit Calkins. The next day Squire was elected. A legislative investigation was ordered, and after a series of sensational hearings, the committee reported that Clarke had paid the bribe. but Metcalf had solicited it, and exonerated Calkins from knowledge of the transaction. By a vote of it to 33 the house refused to unseat Metealf.
In the spring campaign three tickets went before the voters. On that of the Citizens Jacob Hoover appeared for mayor. I. C. Libby for comptroller. J. HI. Eard- ley for treasurer, J. T. Hamilton for city attorney, and Robert Abernethy for as-
Another ticket was headed by Frank A. Bettis for mayor, and his running mates were: Comptroller, W. H. Carson : treasurer. J. S. Watson; attorney. J. J. Reagan : assessor. P. J. Donahoe.
On the People's ticket were: D. B. Fotheringham for mayor ; Theodore Reed. comptroller : J. S. Watson, treasurer: P. F. Quinn, attorney : L. K. Boissonnault. assessor.
At the election, March 21. Fotheringham was elected mayor. Reed comptroller, Watson treasurer, Hamilton attorney. and Abernethy assessor.
The new charter, framed by a frecholders committee of 13 under the guiding hand of H. E. Houghton, was adopted by a large majority, and under its provisions fifteen councilmen were chosen :
First ward- Frank P. Cook, J. N. Barker, J. F. Spiger.
Second George G. Ambs. Fred. Baldwin, Peter Graham.
Third-H. W. Greenberg. Paul J. Strobach, A. Traut.
Fourth-J. D. Machean, W. O. Nettleton. M. Thomsen.
Fifth- C. L. Knox, A. D. Jones, II. N. Belt.
Fotheringham had 323 plurality. Reed 791, Watson, 513, Hamilton 74, and Ab- ernethy 67. The official name of the city was changed from "Spokane Falls" to plain Spokane.
For city commissioners under the new charter the council accepted Mayor Foth- cringham's nominations of James Monaghan and W. H. Wiscombe, but rejected that of Clarence Ide. Later the mayor and the council came together on G. G. Smith for the third commissioner. For chief of police the commissioners elected Peter Mertz, Wiscombe voting for W. W. Witherspoon, all three ignoring the mayor's
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choice of Hal Cole. For corporation counsel the eouneilmen rejected the mayor's nominee, Albert Allen, but subsequently accepted H. E. Houghton.
At a special election, June 16, the electors voted, 1,519 to 79, for a bond issue of $1,200,000, to take up warrants, improve and extend the water system, build bridges at Monroe street and other crossings and make various needed publie im- provements.
In June Mayor Fotheringham direeted the commissioners to instruct the chief of police to enforce the law elosing saloons and variety theaters on Sunday. "If they want to kill the town, they are going at it just right," was Harry Baer's brief comment.
In July Captain Thomas W. Symons, U. S. engineer corps, employed by the city as consulting engineer, submitted a report. He advised a central power station, and if the supply should be taken from the river, the laying of an intake pipe to a point sufficiently extended up stream to avoid sewer contamination. His report, how- ever. rather favored the gathering up of the large springs on the Selheim raneh on the Little Spokane. He urged the building of a reservoir.
Lack of harmony involved the mayor, council and commissioners in frequent clashes of authority. In October the mayor. with the support of thirteen of the fifteen couneilmen, removed commissioners Smith and Wiscombe, and they were succeeded by H. W. Fairweather and B. C. Riblet. December 26 the council re- moved Commissioner Riblet, and three days later W. W. Witherspoon was appointed and confirmed.
This year the board of trade was reorganized as a chamber of commerce, and sent Robert Easson to New York and Chicago to urge upon high railroad officials the justice of Spokane's appeal for reduced freight rates. The trustees were confident. if the merchants would stand united, that a substantial reduction could be won. On the night of December 26 the chamber gave "the largest and most successful banquet that was ever carried out on the North Pacific coast." One hundred and fifty plates were laid at the hotel Spokane. President A. A. Newbery was toast- master. George Turner spoke to "The State of Washington," Ex-United States Senator W. J. McConnell to "The State of Idaho," and Henry L. Wilson to "The City of Spokane." Other speakers were Robert Easson, Attorney-General W. C. Jones, Walter Hughson, S. R. Stern. Cyrus R. Burns. J. J. Browne and A. M. Cannon.
Herman L. Chase, receiver of the Spokane National, went east to sell the Morn- ing mine in the Coeur d'Alenes. chief asset of the bank. Negotiations were pending over a greater part of the year, but in December came news that the mine was sold to a syndicate of New York and Milwaukee bankers. for $100,000. After the pay- ment of a mortgage and other prior liens, enough was realized eventually to return the depositors nearly 100 eents on the dollar.
Receiver Chase was lauded for his able management of his trust. but subse- quently, by a strange contradietion of character, became involved in two disreput- able personal transactions. While his family was away from home he was arrested. on complaint of his domestic. for criminal assault. Evidence brought out at his trial in the superior court convinced the public mind that he was culpable, but under instructions from Judge Jesse Arthur, the jury returned a verdict of not guilty. A wave of indignation rolled over the city, and many well known women publicly
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branded the trial as a farce and the verdict a gross miscarriage of justice. Out of this agitation came later a legislative investigation, and Judge Arthur narrowly escaped impeachment. Chase moved to Tacoma, and was there arrested, but sub- sequently acquitted on a charge of stealing the personal effects of an acquaintance.
In the summer of 1891 the Trail Creek mining district, later better known as Rossland camp, began to attract public attention. The first locations had been made in July, 1890, and in the latter part of November, the same year, a company of Spokane men- Oliver Durant. Alex. H. Tarbet. George M. Forster. I. N. Peyton, W. W. D. Turner, George Turner, W. M. Ridpath, Harry Stimmel and J. R. Taylor contracted the Le Roi claim and put in winter supplies and men to develop it. By April, 1891, they had sunk an inclined shaft sixty feet, and made mimerous open cuts in ore that ran 5 to 20 per cent copper, 3 to 10 ounces silver, and $18 to $170 gold. Trains on the Spokane Falls & Northern were taking many prospectors and mining men into the new eldorado. About that time D. C. Corbin. with the end of his railroad at Northport on the Columbia, was scanning the wild hills of the Kootenay country, with a dream that was scarcely yet a purpose. of extending his line to aid in the stupendous task of unlocking their mineral vaults. "Mark what I say," observed Mr. Corbin to a reporter, "that Trail ereck district is coming to the front." To carry on development work. the Le Roi company offered a large block of treasury stock in June at 25 cents a share- a basis of $125.000 for the property, which struck most people as absurdly high.
In 1891 came discovery of the Kaslo and Slocan mining districts, and the loca- tion of a manber of fabulously rich silver-lead mines that were to pour their divi- dends into the purses of several score of Spokane mining men and investors. News of these discoveries reached Spokane in Angust. Andy Jardine, who had penetrated that wilderness from Ainsworth, on Kootenay lake, returned with his pack saddle well loaded with promising appearing specimens. He quietly informed a few friends of his discovery, and that he had located a claim in there and called it the "Kastlo." Jim Van Hook and T. T. Mcleod went in and located extensions, and when they returned to the lake, assays of their specimens ran 300 ounces in silver. A stam- pede into the new district quickly followed. By September 30 prospectors had pushed over the divide and were locating mines in the Slocan country. Under date of Octo- ber 19 a dispatch from Ainsworth reported that Jack Evans of Nelson had made the biggest strike yet found around Slocan Jake. The country was wild with ex- citement, and hundreds of prospectors and miners were leaving for the new district.
This year was made memorable, too, by the extension of the Manitoba, as the Great Northern then was known, over the Rocky mountains and towards the salt inland sea of Puget Sound. September 5 James J. Hill made his first visit of ob- servation, taking carriage and driving over the town. A delegation of citizens, including J. J. Browne. I. S. Kaufman, Henry 1 .. Wilson. John R. Reavis and J. B. Jones, Charlie Voorhees' law partner, called on the famous railroad captain, who promised to come again, and "made a most favorable impression on all who met him." Burns & Chapman, local railroad contractors, were building a large section of the new railroad across the Idaho Panhandle.
The Irish-American association was organized in February, with James Mona- ghan its first president.
The Spokane AAthletic club had organized with Herbert Bolster for president.
MAIN FALLS IN THE SPOKANE RIVER, TAKEN AT HIGH-WATER STAGE
FALLS,
No. 61.
LOWER FALLS OF THE SPOKANE AS THEY APPEARED THIRTY YEARS AGO
HE NEN TORA IL BRARY
IFVIN ATIONS
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- --- LINUX TIL-LA PUJAITALIUNE
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SPOKANE AND THE INLAND EMPIRE
and on the evening of February 23 threw open to the public its well equipped quar- ters, "the finest in the northwest."
F. Scrivir started a small match factory in March, with cordial local encourage- ment, but the product proved to be inferior, and the enterprise was not a sueecss.
An entertainment given June 3, in Concordia hall, for the benefit of the Union library, netted $125. This worthy organization, fostered by a group of union labor leaders, was the meleus of the present publie library.
In April eastern Washington was on the qui vive over the approaching location of the State Agricultural college. George H. Black of Fairhaven, S. B. Conover of Port Townsend and A. H. Smith of Taeoma, appointed .by Governor Laughton to choose a location, arrived in Spokane and were shown over Five Mile, Moran and Pleasant prairies. Pullman was chosen in preference to Yakima, Colfax, Spokane and other aspirants.
The Colville Indian commission closed_the long pending treaty with the Indians at Marcus, May 23. the tribes eeding 1,500,000 acres. A great council at the mouth of the Nespelim was attended by Chiefs Joseph and Moses. Mark A. Fullerton of Colfax, James F. Payne of North Carolina, and W. H. H. Dufur of Oregon, were the commissioners.
The new high school was formally delivered. May 25, by the contractor to the board of education. Five hundred citizens attended the exercises in the auditorium of the new structure, which cost $102,222.
June 30 the first Spokane Derby was run on the old traek, now covered by Corbin park, before a erowd of 3,000. The course was a mile and a half, and Kylo won the $600 purse ; time 2:39 1-2. defeating Bonnie Gray, Maleolm and Terry.
Sarah Bernhardt and company appeared in "La Tosea" the evening of September 25. Society attended in full dress, but the audienee was "ehilly."
The funeral of E. J. Brickell, rated at his death as the wealthiest man in Spo- kane. was held from the Methodist Tabernaele Sunday afternoon, September 27. D. M. Drumheller, J. N. Glover, H. W. Fairweather, J. R. Marks, E. B. Hyde. Jacob Hoover, A. M. Cannon, J. J. Browne, J. J. L. Peel, M. M. Cowley, Martin Cooney and Charles M. Patterson were pallbearers. Music by Mrs. Harl J. Cook, soprano; Mrs. D. M. Thompson, alto: D. M. Thompson, tenor ; LaRue Perrine, bass : Prof. Franz Mueller, organist. The funeral procession was the most imposing ever seen in the city.
With a public reception the Review opened its new building the evening of October 24, and it was estimated that 8,000 people attended. The reception com- mittee ineluded Mr. and Mrs. Joseph French Johnson, S. R. Flynn, Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Cannon, Judge and Mrs. H. E. Houghton, Miss Josephine Clark, Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Fenton, Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Fassett, Mr. and Mrs. N. W. Durham, Mrs. Kate Alexander, Mrs. N. L. Palmer, Miss Jessie Palmer, Miss Ada Coburn, H. C. Hayward, J. M. Kinnaird and F. C. Goodin.
School elections had been going by default, and emphatic criticism had been di- reeted against the management of the eity schools. This aroused deep interest in the elcetion of November 7, and nearly 2,000 votes were east. J. J. Browne, with 1.087 votes, and M. F. Mendenhall, 983, were elected. Charges had been made, and an investigation by a committee of two members of the board and three citizens found
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that loose and careless methods had grown up in the construction of the new build- ings and in dealing with contractors.
The county commissioners, at a meeting December 19, decided to build a new courthouse, and called for plans and specifications, and also for proposals for a new location.
CHAPTER XLVII
COEUR D'ALENE RIOTS OF 1892
TROUBLE PRECIPITATED BY ARRIVAL OF STRIKE-BREAKERS-IDAHO'S GOVERNOR ISSUES WARNING PROCLAMATION-DEADLY BATTLE ON CANYON CREEK, JULY 1I-STRIKERS HOIST THE WHITE FLAG-BLOWING UP OF FRISCO MILL -- MILITANT UNION FORCES MARCH ON WARDNER-CAPTURE TOWN AND CONCENTRATORS-SWEENY, CLEMENT AND MCAULEY COMPELLED TO SIGN AGREEMENT TO DISCHARGE NON-UNION FORCES- LARGE NUMBERS OF NON-UNION MEN RUN OUT OF THE COUNTRY-REIGN OF TERROR AT THE OLD MISSION- MARTIAL LAW DECLARED-FORERUNNER OF POPULISM-STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE OPENS AT PULLMAN-DEATHI OF CHIEF GARRY-D. M. DRUM- HELLER DEFEATS JAY P. GRAVES FOR MAYOR -- FIRST THROUGH TRAIN OVER GREAT NORTHERN-PISTOL BATTLE IN PACIFIC HOTEL.
A BACKWARD glance on New Year's day, 1892, revealed a fair degree of constructive activity. Notwithstanding the subsidence of the feverish real estate eraze, 1891 had seen begun and completed more than half a mile of new brick frontage: factories had been erected, the street car system extended. sewers laid, new bridges started, and many miles of streets graded and laid with sidewalk. The Northern Pacific and the Union Pacific had carried in and out of Spokane in 1901 more merchandise and produce than in any previous year of the city's history : Inbound freight, 191,153,182 pounds ; outbound, 116.378,379.
Memorable events of 1892 were the coming of the Great Northern and fierce labor riots in the Coeur d'Alenes.
In the winter of 1891-92 owners of the large producing mines at Wardner and on Canyon creek closed down their properties, or greatly restricted the output, as- signing as a reason the excessive freight rate levied by the railroads. Later it was seen that the trouble had labor complications, and by the end of March the tension was intense between the miners' unions in the Coeur d'Alenes and the Mine Owners association. Both sides made extended appeals to the public. The going scale of wages, maintained from the beginning of the mining industry in the South Fork country. was $3.50 for miners, $3 for carmen and shovelers. This seale the mine owners were willing to continue. The unions demanded a uniform scale of $3.50 for miners, earmen and shovelers. They had other grievances in respect to the company boarding-honse and company store evil, and resented. too, the system of enforced collection of hospital dues. believing that the mine-owners were making a profit therefrom.
Extended negotiations proving unavailing, as neither side would yield, the Mine
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owners association tried to break the deadlock in May by importing 100 strike- breakers from castern states. A special train bearing the new men, heavily guarded by a large force of so-called Pinkerton deputies under command of Joel Warren of Spokane, was run over the Missoula branch of the Northern Pacific, and taken to the Union mine on the hillside high above the little valley of Canyon creek. Months of idleness had brought the inevitable discontent and bitterness that attend labor strikes in mining regions, and the appearance of the strike-breakers intensified the angry feelings of the unemployed.
On June + Governor Gorman B. Willey of Idaho issued a proclamation warning the strikers "that if lawlessness, threats, interference and intimidation still continue in Shoshone county, and if owners of properties are further interrupted and inter- fered with in the peaceful and lawful occupation and working of the same, and its citizens further molested and intimidated. 1, as chief executive, will issue an order declaring the county of Shoshone in a state of insurrection, and will call to my aid all necessary military force, both state and national, to enforce the law and preserve the peace."
Early in June Patrick Clark, for the Poorman mine, and S. S. Glidden for the Tiger, reached an agreement with the union to resume work in those properties ; all workmen underground to receive $3.50, the owners to "hire and discharge whomever we please without dictation from any man or organization."
July 11, 1892, is a day never to be forgotten in the Coeur d'Alene country. for on that day came open war between the opposing forces. Work had been partially resumed in a number of Canyon creek mines, and the owners had large forces of armed guards in their concentrators. The strikers, asserting that they had been first fired upon, attacked the Gem mine and mill in force, and a fierce riffe battle was waged for several hours. At 10 o'clock the besieged force in the Gem mill sur- rendered to the strikers, under promise that they should have all the rights of pris- oners of war. They were promptly disarmed and put under guard, and later driven out of the country.
Meanwhile another fierce engagement had been fought around the Frisco mill, and the attacking forces, after losing several of their men, blew up the mill by sending a gigantic charge of dynamite down the flume. The defending force then ran up a white flag and surrendered. In these engagements five men were killed and eighteen or twenty wounded, the union forces suffering the heavier losses.
Inflamed by their success and their losses the militant union forces moved on Wardner, some twenty miles from the seat of war on Canyon creek. A special train, bearing 100 men from Wallace, Gem, Burke and Mullan, was met at the Wardner depot by many members of the local union, and under cover of darkness the besieg- ing forces quickly surrounded the large concentrator of the Bunker Hill and Sulli- van mines with an armed cordon of 600 men. An enormous quantity of dynamite was then deliberately placed under the buildings, and a fuse attached. All that night an armed patrol of the union men guarded the mills and the town of Wardner. At It o'clock the following morning, a committee of union men waited on Victor Clement, superintendent of the Bunker Hill and Sullivan. Charles Sweeny. manag- ing the Last Chance, and George MeAuley, of the Sierra Nevada. They announced that if the non-nion men were not discharged within 24 hours, they would blow the
WALLACE, IDAHO- THE METROPOLIS OF THE COEUR D'ALENES
MULLAN, IDAHO, FROM THE WEST
MURRAY, IDAHO-FAMOUS OLD PLACER CAMP
11
BURKE, IDAHO-LOCATION OF TIGER AND POORMAN MINES
NEW YORK PIB IN LIBRARY
ATER. ANY
-ICH LENOX IC IN DUNDATIONS
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concentrators into fragments. Under duress the three managers, who were virtually prisoners of war, signed the stipulated agreement.
That afternoon 132 non-union miners and guards, guarded by twelve armed men, were driven aboard a train of boxears and taken to the terminus of the narrow gange railroad, at the Old Mission on the Coeur d'Alene river. While awaiting there the boat from Coeur d'Alene City, the refugees were startled by the appearance, in the gathering dusk, of eight armed men who were yelling like Indians. As the exiles scattered and ran in various directions, the ruffians fired upon them. Some were held up and robbed of their purses and watches. Others eseaped by leaping into the Coeur d'Alene river and swimming to islands and marshy points ; and yet others concealed themselves in the thickets and worked their way, through the darkness, down stream, later hailing the steamer on its down trip. Yet another squad were driven into Fourth of July canyon, historie route from the Old Mission to the Spokane valley.
Wildly exaggerated reports of the outrage, telling of wanton murder of a large number of the fugitives, reached Spokane; but investigation subsequently revealed little or no loss of life. Apparently the desperadoes, wishing to terrify the fugi- tives, stopped short of murder and fired over the heads of their frightened victims.
These fugitives were chiefly from Canyon ercek and Wallace. The day after their expulsion from the Coeur d'Alene country, the union forces drove 300 non- union miners and their families out of Wardner. The women and children were placed in passenger coaches; the men were packed into eighteen boxears, and the train took them over the O. R. & N. to Tekoa in the Palouse country.
After their victory the union forces delivered the Bunker Hill and Sullivan mill to three deputy sheriff's, calmly removed the two tons of dynamite from beneath the buildings, and Chairman O'Brien of the miners' executive committee assured Manager Clement that his property was uninjured, and the company would be re- imbursed by the union for provisions taken from the cookhouse.
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