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DANE COUNTY
1880
Cornell Aniversity Library
BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIFT OF Henry 10. Sage I891
A, 80816
20/4/95
Y S981
N
ED
A.D
Cornell University Library
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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028871445
FROM A :PAINTING BY MRS. E.E.BAILEY.
KURZ & ALLISON LITHO., CHICAGO.
MADISON IN JUNE 1837.
HISTORY
1011/111 VENTESITY
OF
DANE COUNTY,
WISCONSIN,
CONTAINING
AN ACCOUNT OF ITS SETTLEMENT, GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND RESOURCES; AN EXTENSIVE AND MINUTE SKETCH OF ITS CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES-THEIR IMPROVEMENTS, INDUSTRIES, MANUFACTORIES, CHURCHES, SCHOOLS AND SOCIETIES; ITS WAR RECORD, BIOGRAPH- ICAL SKETCHES, PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT MEN AND EARLY SETTLERS; THE WHOLE PRECEDED BY A HISTORY OF WISCONSIN, STATISTICS OF THE STATE, AND AN ABSTRACT OF ITS LAWS AND CON- STITUTION AND OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
ILLUSTRATED.
CHICAGO : WESTERN HISTORICAL COMPANY. MDCCCLXXX.
A. 80816
oyne!
ulver age PRINTERS 18 &120 MONROE ST G CHICAGO O
.
PREFACE.
T THIS work was commenced with a specific object in view, which was to place upon record, in a reliable manner and in permanent form, whatever incidents of importance have trans- pired within the limits of Dane County since its first settlement. As preliminary to the narra- tive proper, it has been thought best to give a succinct history of the State at large, including also accounts of its most prominent resources and interests. With this in view, leading articles are furnished by able writers, several of whom are residents of the county. The first of these contributions-a brief history of Wisconsin-includes, respectively, the antiquities of the State, an account of its Indian tribes, a sketch of pre-Territorial times, a view of Wisconsin when a Territory, and a narrative of each administration since the admission of the State into the Union. This is followed by articles on the topography and geology of the State; on its cli- matology ; on its trees, shrubs and vines; on the fauna of Wisconsin; on the educational inter- ests of the State ; on its agriculture, mineral resources and railroads ; on lumber manufacture, banking, commerce and manufactures, and on the public domain and health. Statistics of the State are then given ; also an abstract of its laws and constitution, and of the Constitution of the United States.
In the history of the county at large, as well as in those of the city, towns and villages, the reader will find that incidents, reminiscences and anecdotes are recorded with a variety and com- pleteness commensurate with their importance. Herein is furnished (and this is said with con- fidence) to the present generation a valuable reflex of the times and deeds of pioneer days; and in the following pages is erected, it is hoped, to the pioneer men and women of Dane County a lasting monument. The labors of all engaged in this enterprise have been cheered by the cordial assistance and good will of many friends, to all of whom grateful acknowledgments are tendered. The officers of the State Historical Society have, from the first, been unremitting in their endeavors to aid the undertaking.
DECEMBER, 1880.
THE PUBLISHERS.
.
11
1
CONTENTS.
HISTORY OF WISCONSIN.
PAGE.
Antiquities
19
Indian Tribes
21
Pre-Territorial Annals. 29
Wisconsin Territory. 41
Wisconsin as a State .. 62 62
First Administration ..
148
Second Administration
67
Libraries
148
Third Administration
Fourth Administration.
62
Fifth Administration
64
Sixth Administration.
66
Seventh Administration
Commercial Schoole.
161
Health
230
Agriculture.
230
Geographical Position
Physical Featurea. 230
Geology.
Drainage
232
Climatology
232
168
Rain Character
233
Brick Claye ..
168
Ieotherma
234
Fourteenth Administration ..
199
Limestone-Gleaa Sand
171
Fifteenth Administration
.104
Sixteenth Administration .109 Railroade 173
Topography and Geology.
.110
Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul 173
The Archæan Age .112 Chicago & North western 176
Paleozoic Time- Silurian Age
.115
Wieconsia Central
178
History of Disease ....
238
Devonian Agc ..
.119
Glacial Period.
T20
Climatology ..
721
Trees, Shrube and Vinea.
.128
Fauna 134 34
Fish and Fiah Culture.
Large Animals-Time of their Disap-1 pearanco
38
-39
Peculiarities of the Bird Fauna.
Educational
:40
Original School Code.
40
Agitation for Free Schoola
141
Narrow Gauge.
183
School System under State Govern- meat ... 141 Lumber. 185
Banking
191
Commerce and Manufactures ..
198
Population, 1875, of Townshipa, Alpha-
hetically Arranged by Counties.
.249
Population hy Counties.
.258
Agricultural College.
144
Normal Schoola.
144
Teachers' Institutes
146
Lumber.
.201
Acreage of Principal Crepe.
281, 262
ABSTRACT OF WISCONSIN STATE LAWS.
PAGE.
Actiona.
283
Elections and General Elections 263
PAGE.
PAGE.
Arrest
.283 Estra ya. 279
Attachment. 284 Exemptioos. .284 Marks and Brands. 281
Adoption of Children .276 Fencea. 280 Married Women 283
Assignment of Mortgage .. 274
Forma of Conveyancee.
Forms of Mortgagee
274
Surveyors and Surveye. .282
Support of Poor ..
282
Bille of Exchange or Promissory Notes.
... 272
Borrowed Money
267
Hours of Lahor
273
Capital Punishment 278 Interest 277
Collection of Taxes 270
Intoxicating Liquors.
271
Weights and Measures.
278
Commercial Terma .285 Judgments. 284 Willa. 276
Jurisdiction of Courts
277
Common Schoole
266
Damagea for Trespass.
279
Jurors.
278
MISCELLANEOUS.
PAGE.
Wisconsin State Constitutioo. .. 287
Vote of Wisconsin for Governor and Presi-
dent
.306-307
PAOE. -
Population of the State.
U. S. Constitution
297
PAGE.
Educational :
Township System.
146
Dairy Products.
203
Free High Schoola ...
147
Pork and Beef ..
203
School Offices ....
147
Hops.
204
State Teachers' Certificates
147
Tobacco-Cranberries
205
205
Teachers' Associationa.
Liquors
Miscellaneous
206
149
Manufactures.
208
Conclusion.
150
Female Collages
208
Academias and Seminarlea.
161
The Public Domain
Wiada,
.235
Climatological Changes from Settling
in the State
235
Influence of Nationalities.
.237
Occupatione-Food-Education, etc ...
238
Ratio of Sickness, Ft. Howard und Wio-
nebago
.239
West Wisconsin.
.180
Milwaukee, Lake Shore & Western .180 Education of the Blind 241
Green Bay & Minnesota 181 Institute of Deaf and Dumb. 241
Wiacunain Valley 181 Industrial School for Boys .. 242
Sheboygan & Fond du Lac.
181
State Prison
242
Mineral Point ..
182
State Hospital for the Insane ..
242
Northern Hospital for the Insane.
.243
North Wiaconain 183
City of Milwaukee 243
Prairie du Chien & McGregor
183
Health Resorts
244
Chippewa Falla & Western 183
Change of Dieeneee.
218
Pulmonary Diseasea 248
Conclusion
184
Statistics
249
School Fund lacoma. .142 State University. 143
Furs
199
Nativity by Counties.
.259
Lead and Zinc-Iron.
200
Valuation of Property
.260
Graded Schoola.
146
Grain
202
PAGE.
Commerce and Manufacturea :
210
231
Tenth Administration ..
92
Copper.
168
Gold and Silver
Eleventh Administration 93 94
Twelfth Administration
Thirteenth Administration 97
67 69 76 86
War of Secession Commenced.
151
Eighth Administration
Mineral Resources.
162
Ninth Administration.
Lead and Zinc ...
162
Statistica of Volunteers.
90
Iron.
165
69
State Superintendents.
148
Water Powers.
206
College Sketchea.
Cement Rock
170
Barometrical
234
Peat-Building Stones. 172
Western Union 179
Madison & Portage 182
273
Stay Law
.284
Assessment and Collection of Taxes.
267
Assessment of Taxes.
268
Garnishment ..
284
Highways and Bridges
270
Landlord and Tenant 281
Limitation of Actiona. 285
Suggestions to Persona Purchasing Books
by Snhacription.
285
Title of Real Property hy Deacent.
276
Wolf Scalpa.
278
PAGK. .398
vi
CONTENTS.
HISTORY OF DANE COUNTY.
PAGE.
CHAPTER I.
Area and Position .. .309
Drainage ..
309
Topographical Featuree
310
Geological Formatione.
.311
Elevations at Different Points.
312
Rivers.
.313
Lakes ..
.317
Natural Mounds and Sink-Holes .323
The Verona Cave.
.323
CHAPTER II.
Ancinpt Earthworks. .329
Indian Occupancy ....
332
Was John Nicolet in Dane County in 1664 ? 333
First White Men in Dane County ..
.336
Early Freoch Explorers.
338
Jonathan Carver'e Visit in 1766.
.338
The Wisconsin River an Early Highway .. 339
The Winnebago War.
.339
CHAPTER III.
Firet Settler in Dane County 346
Dane County Explored.
349
Indian Trails ..
.349
Firat Road in the County
.350
A Glimpse of the Wilderness
.351
The Black Hawk War.
356
Statistica.
515
The Four Lake Country after the Black
Hawk War.
.365
Early French Residents
367
CHAPTER IV.
United States Land Surveye. 370
Dates of Surveys and Notes of Surveyors .. 371
Dane County Included in Three Land
Districts.
377
527
Census of 1836.
377
Ye Ancient Pioneers ....
.378
Nerly Gray
528
Early Government of the Dane County
Region ...
384
J. C. Fairchild
532
Forming and' Naming the County
.. 385
Visite to Dane County in 1837.
386
Levi B. Vilas
536
I. By G. W. Featherstonhaugh ..
... 386
II. By Alexander F. Pratt ..
387
III. By G. W. Featherstonhaugh ........ 388
CHAPTER V.
United States Road from Milwaukee
through Dane County
394
Pioneer Life ....
.394
Dane County on Early Maps.
.400
Organization ...
.401
A Brief History of the County
403
Record of the County Board from 1840 to 1880 .403
Present Boundaries of the County. .412 Cenque, 1842. 413
The First Sermon in Dane County
414
A Dark Deed
.417
CHAPTER VI.
County Officers, 1839 to 1880.
419
Pioneer Reminiscencee ..
.420
I. By John Catlin.
420
II. By Ebenezer Childe.
.423
III. By Freedom Simoos, 1880.
.423
IV. By I. H. Palmer, 1880.
.426
V. By Simeon Mille, 1880.
.427
Meetings of Dane County Pioneers.
.429
Territorial, State sod Congressional Rep- resentation .. .431
I. Territorial Representation
.431
II. State Representation
431
III. Congressional Representation.
432
State Institutions in Dane County
.435
I. State University.
435
II. State Library .. 447
III. Wisconsin State Hospital for the Ingane .... 448
IV. State Board of Charities and Re- form. 453
V. State Fish Hatchery.
.454
VI. The Soldiers' Orphans' Home ...
.456
PAGE.
CHAPTER VII.
State Historical Society. .459
Wisconsin State Agricultural Society ....... 460 Wisconsin State Horticultural Society ...... 460
Wieconsin Academy of Sciences, Arte and Lettere 462
The Old and New Capitol
462
The Capitol Grounde.
.465
Dane County Bible Society 468
Political Divisione.
.472
United States Court House .. .472
CHAPTER VIII.
County Court House and Jail. 474
PoDr. House and Farm
475
Agriculture ...
476
Dane County Agricultural Society.
.. 479
Horticulture and Medison Horticultural
Society
482
Flora.
484
CHAPTER IX.
Courts having their Sittinge in Dane
County.
490
Norwegian Lutheran Seminary.
513
Albion Academy and Normel Iostitute .... 513 Marahall Academy. 514
St. Regina Academy
514
Northwestero Business College. 515
CHAPTER X .- SOME OF DANE
COUNTY'S
DISTINGUISHED DEAD:
John Catlin
519
Augustue A. Bird ..
.52I
David Brigham
Thomas W. Sutherland.
522
John Stoner.
522
Alexander Botkin.
525
Nathaniel T. Parkineon.
John Y. Smith.
537
Luke Stoughton
543
Byron Paine ...
543
Stephen H. Carpenter.
544
Charles D. Atwood ..
648
George B. Smith
549
John B. Feuling.
551
J. C. Hopkins.
553
W. J. L. Nicodemus
554
La Fayette Kellogg.
557
N. W. Dean
557
Timothy Brown
558
Ole Bull.
561
William B. Slaughter.
566
Edward G. Ryan ...
.567
CHAPTER XI.
Literature. 570
Art ..
.582
Oratory
583
Common Schools ..
.588
Dane County Press
589
CHAPTER XII.
Railroade
608
The Founder ... 662
The Capital Located at Madison
664
Staking Out the Town.
666
City Hall.
.815
The First House.
669
The Pecka
670
Madison on its Way to Glory
.. 673
First Meeting of the Legislature in Madi-
son
.674
Pinneer Characters.
675
CHAPTER XIII-Continued.
Pioneer Recollections ..
678
I. By Roseline Peck.
678
II. By Simeon Mille
680
III. By J. G. Knapp.
684
IV. By Robert L. Ream
690
V. By Julius T. Clark. 700
VI. By Alfred Brunson .. 702
VII. By Robert W. Lansing.
706
What Various Writers Said
707
Enumerations of the Inhabitants.
710
The " Worser " and " Tiger "
710
Umbledine'a Gig
711
CHAPTER XIV .- MADISON AB AN INCOR- PORATED VILLAGE.
How it was Incorporated .. 713
Village Officers from 1846 to 1855
713
Madison in 1846.
714
Who kept Boarders in 1846
715
Madison Academy
715
Madison Hydraulic Power.
716
The Beginning of Madison's Prosperity ... 716 Recollections of the Incorporated Vil-
lage ..
717
I. By Robert W. Lansing.
717
II. By C. B. Chapman, 1874.
719
Madison in 1851
725
The Village of Quarter of a Century Ago .. 726
A Building Mania
727
Additions and Re-plate ..
.727
Population at Different Periode.
.728
L. J. Farwell.
728
CHAPTER XV .- MADISON AB A CITY.
Madison Apostrophized .. 729
The Site.
730
The New-boro City.
730
City Officers, 1856 to 1880. 733
Regatta6 ..
736
BankA
738
The Beauties of Madieou.
741
741
Temperance Organizatione.
Monk's Hall.
745
Manufactories.
746
Post Office.
748
Mille
749
Fire Department.
750
Madison as a Summer Resort.
759
United States and State Censua.
760
Forest Hill Cemetery
760
Breweries.
762
Hooley'a Opera House.
763
The Madison Maennerchor.
763
St. George's Society
764
Madison Institute
765
Water Supply.
765
Health of Madison
.766
CHAPTER XVI. - MADISON CITY (CDD- tinned).
Schools
767
Churchee.
777
The Great Rebellion
611
Masonic
791
Roster of Volunteers.
637
Insurance.
801
Tornado of May 23, 1878,
.647
I. O. O. F.
.802
Benevolent and other Societies.
803
Free Library
.806
Caledonian Cluband St. Andrew's Society .807
Gas Works.
808
Steamboats.
808
Hotele.
810
Military Organizations
815
Ancient Order of United Workmen
819
Telegraphy
819
The President of the United States in
Madison
820
A Notable Gathering ..
821
An Early Vlsit.
.678
Madison of to-day
822 -
PAGE.
CHAPTER XIII .- MADISON AB AN UNIN- CORPORATED VILLAGE.
Madison Founded
660
522
James Morrison
528
The Charter
729
Benjamin F. Hopkins
529
Cassine Fairchild.
535
vii
CONTENTS.
PAGE.
CHAPTER XVII .- TOWNS AND VILLAGES. Town of Madison. 828 Town of Verona ... 371
1
Town of Sun Prairie 832 Village of Sun Prairie. 833 Town of Windsor ... 873
Town of Rome (extinct).
837
Town of Albion
838
Towa of Rutland. 839
Town of Dunkirk 841
Village of Stoughton .. 842
CHAPTER XVIII .- TOWNS AND VILLAGES (continued).
.855
Town of Cottage Grove 857
Town of Oregon ...
858
Village of Oregon.
860
Town of Montrose. 864
Town of Fitchburg .. 868
Town of Springfield
869
CHAPTER XVIII-Continued.
CHAPTER XIX-Continued.
Town of Pleasant Springs. 910
Town of York 913
CHAPTER XX .- TOWNS AND VILLAGES (continned).
Town of Deerfield 915
Town of Primrose. 916
Town of Roxbury 918
Town of Vienna ... 918
Town of Westport 922
Town of Berry. 923
Town of Blooming Grove. 926
Town of Perry. 929
Town of Medina. .896 Town of Burke. 931
Town of Vermont.
932
Towa of Mazomanie ...... 934
Village of Mszomenie .. 935
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.
PAGE.
PAGE.
Albion.
1182
Dunn.
1203
Primrose.
1080
Bristol.
1102
Dunkirk.
1149
Rutland
1197
Berry ... .1265
Fitchburg .1253
Roxbury .1274
Black Earth. 1260
Madieon 1277 Springfield. 1057
Burke .1287
Madison City 947
Sua Prairie .. 1105
Blue Mounde. 1222
Mazomenio. 1047
Springdale. 1227
Blooming Grove. .1069
Medine. 1141
Vienne ... 1267
Cottage Grove. 1121
Middletoo. 1207
Vermont.
1217
Christiane .1169
Montrose 1083
Verona.
1283
Cross Plaine. 1113
Oregon 1233
Windsor. 1131
Dane. 1271
Pleasant Springs 1190
Weetport ... 1269
York
1081
PORTRAITS.
PAGE.
PAGE.
PAGE.
David Atwood.
415
Luciue Fairchild
469
Roseline Peck.
325
William H. Angell.
523
Cassine Fairchild
613
Andrew Prondfit ..
397
R. B. Anderson.
973
J. S. Frary. 811
J. B. Parkinsoo.
829
E. Brigham.
309
John Fitton. 919
937
William H. Porter. 1063 Luke Stonghton. 649
Thomas Barher.
667
Richard Green.
1009
S. L. Sheldon .. 847
Cherles R. Gill
739
S. H. Severson. 1089
C. R. Head.
541
W. W. Tredway 577
595
Charles Cronk.
1025
H. M. Lewis
721
L. B. Vilas 433
William Vroman
775
George Dow.
559
Mrs. Lonies Mille.
361
Deniel Vernon
885
Lyman C. Draper.
757
M. D. Miller 505
William Welch.
487
R. E. Davie.
891
R. P. Mein 793
E. A. Woodward. 631
J. C. Fairchild.
378 | T. G. Mendt. 1081
A. J. Werd 703
1
Too Latee for Insertion in Proper Place. .945
..
6
Town of Clerkson (extinct). .872 Town of Springdale. 911
Town of Cross Pleins.
874
CHAPTER XIX .- TOWNS AND VILLAGES (continued)
Towa of Bine Mounde 879
Town of Bristol .882
Town of Dane .. .885
Town of Dunn .. 886
Town of Black Earth 888
Village of Black Earth. .889
Village of Marshall.
897
Village of Deaneville.
898
Town of Middleton
.899
PAGE.
PAGE.
D. W. Broneon. 883
955
G. E. Bryant O. M. Conover.
685
Mathew Johnson
901
W. R. Taylor.
Annie E. Crook 1041
Simeon Mille
343
Mrs. Hanneh Fitton
J. B. Bowen
451
Deerfield .1126
Perry ... 1096
Town of Christians.
PAGE.
1
1
MAP OF
DA
O R. VILE. 4
R.1X
R. VILE.
PRAIRIE DU SACH
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SAUK CITY
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RIVERP.O.
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River
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23
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CROSS PLAINS P.O. & STA.
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35
HISTORY OF WISCONSIN.
BY C. W. BUTTERFIELD.
I .- WISCONSIN ANTIQUITIES.
The first explorers of the valleys of the Great Lakes and the Mississippi and its tributaries. seem not to have noticed, to any considerable extent, the existence within these vast areas of monuments of an extinct race. Gradually, however, as the tide of emigration broke through the barriers of the Alleghanies and spread in a widely extended flow over what are now the States of the Northwest, these prehistoric vestiges attracted more and more the attention of the curious and the learned, until, at the present time, almost every person is presumed to have some general knowledge, not only of their existence, but of some of their striking peculiarities. Unfortunately, these signs of a long since departed people are fast disappearing by the never ceasing operations of the elements, and the constant encroachments of civilization. The earliest notices of the animal and vegetable kingdom of this region are to be found in its rocks ; but Wisconsin's earli- est records of men can only be traced in here and there a crumbling earth-work, in the fragment of a skeleton, or in a few stone and copper implements-dim and shadowy relics of their handicraft.
The ancient dwellers in these valleys, whose history is lost in the lapse of ages, are desig- nated, usually, as the Mound-Builders ; not that building mounds was probably their distinctive employment, but that such artificial elevations of the earth are, to a great extent, the only evi- dences remaining of their actual occupation of the country. As to the origin of these people, all knowledge must, possibly, continue to rest upon conjecture alone. Nor were the habitations of this race confined to the territory of which Wisconsin now forms a part. At one time, they must have been located in many ulterior regions. The earth-works, tumuli, or "mounds," as they are generally designated, are usually symmetrically raised and often inclosed in mathematical figures, such as the square, the octagon, and the circle, with long lines of circumvallation. Besides these earth-works, there are pits dug in the solid rock; rubbish heaps formed in the prosecution of mining operations ; and a variety of implements and utensils, wrought in copper or stone, or moulded in clay. Whence came the inhabitants who left these evidences to succeed- ing generations ? In other words, who were the Mound-Builders ? Did they migrate from the Old World, or is their origin to be sought for elsewhere? And as to their manners and customs and civilization-what of these things? Was the race finally swept from the New World to give place to Red men, or was it the one from which the latter descended ? These momentous ques- tions are left for the ethnologist, the archaeologist, and the antiquarian of the future to answer- if they can.
20
HISTORY OF WISCONSIN.
Inclosures and mounds of the prehistoric people, it is generally believed, constituted but parts of one system ; the former being, in the main, intended for purposes of defense or religion; the latter, for sacrifice, for temple sites, for burial places, or for observatories. In selecting sites for many of these earth-works, the Mound-Builders appear to have been influenced by motives. which prompt civilized men to choose localities for their great marts; hence, Cincinnati, St. Louis, Chicago, Milwaukee and other cities of the West are founded on ruins of pre-existing structures. River terraces and river bottoms seem to have been the favorite places for these earth-works. In such localities, the natural advantages of the country could be made available with much less trouble than in portions of the country lying at a distance from water-courses. In Wisconsin, therefore, as in other parts, the same general idea of selecting points contiguous to the principal natural thoroughfares is found to have prevailed with the Mound-Builders ; for their works are seen in the basin of. the Fox river of the Illinois, in that of Rock river and its branches, in the valley of Fox river of Green bay, in that of the Wisconsin, as well as near the waters of the Mississippi.
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