USA > Wisconsin > Vernon County > History of Vernon County, Wisconsin, together with sketches of its towns, villages and townships, educational, civil, military and political history; portraits of prominent persons, and biographies of representative citizens > Part 20
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III. CONGRESSIONAL REPRESENTATION.
The act of Congress approved April 20, 1836, organizing the territory of Wiseonsin, con- ferred upon the people the right to be repre- sented in the National Congress by one dele- gate, to be chosen by the votes of the qualified electors of the territory. Under this authority there were elected the following
Territorial Delegates.
George W. Jones, eleeted Oct. 10, 1836; James D. Doty, elected Sept. 10, 1838; James D. Doty, elected Aug. 5, 1840; * Henry Dodge, elected Sept 27, 1841; Henry Dodge, elected Sept. 25, 1843; Morgan L. Martin, elected Sept. 22, 1845; John Il. Tweedy, elected Sept. 6, 1847.
By the constitution adopted when the terri- tory became a State, in 1848, two representa- tives in Congress were provided for by dividing the State into two congressional districts. The first district was composed of the counties of Milwaukee, Waukesha, Jefferson, Racine, Walworth, Rock and Green. The second dis- trict was composed of Washington, Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Calumet, Brown, Winnebago, Fond du Lac, Marquette, Sauk, Portage, Columbia, Dodge, Dane, Iowa, Lafayette, Grant, Richland, Crawford, Chippewa, St. Croix and La Pointe. As what is now Vernon county was then a part of Crawford, of course the people therein were in the second district. Under this authority, an election was held May 8, 1848, and William Pitt Lynde was elected member of Congress for the
* Doty afterward resigned, he having been appointed Gov- ernor of the Territory by President Tyler, Sept. 13, 1841.
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
first district; Mason C. Darling, of Fond du Lac, for the second district. The people therefore, then living in what is now Vernon county were represented in the thirtieth Congress by Mason C. Darling. From (and inchiding) that election there have been chosen for the various congres- sional districts in which Vernon county has fallen, the following
MEMBERS OF CONGRESS:
2d Dist .-- XXXth Con. 1847-49-Mason C. Darling;
2d Dist .- XXXIst 1849-51-Orsamus Cole;
24 Dist .- XXXIId .€ 1851-53-Ben C. Eastman:
2d Dist .- XXXIIId 1853-55-Ben C. Eastman.
2d Dist .- XXXIVth 1855-57-C. C. Washburn;
2d Dist .- XXXVth 1857-59-C. C. Washburn;
2d Dist .- XXXVIth 1859-61-C. C. Washburn;
2d Dist -XXXVIIth "
1861-63 __ § Luther Hanchett* W. D. McIndoe; 6th Dist .- XXXVIIIth " 1863-65-W. D. McIndoe;
6th Dist .- XXXIXth " 1865-67-W. D McIndoe;
6.h Dist .- XLth .. 1867-69 -- C. C. Washburn;
6th Dist .- XLIst
1869-71-C. C. Washburn;
6th Dist. - XLIId 1871-73-Jeremiah M. Rusk;
7th Dist .- XLIIId .. 1873-75-Jeremiah M. Rusk;
7th Dist .- XLIVth 1875-77-Jeremiah M. Rusk;
7th Dist .-- XLVth 1877-79-HI. L. Humphrey;
7th Dist. - XLVIth 1879-81-H. L. Humphrey;
7th Dist .- XLVIIth " 1881-83-H L. Humphrey;
7th Dist. - XLVIIIth " 1883-85-G. M. Woodward;
* Died November 24. 1862.
CHAPTER XIII.
COUNTY GOVERNMENT.
Unlike many of the western States, Wiscon- sin's system of county government has always been that of either the board of supervisors or commissioners. This system was brought to its present state of perfection when the terri- tory became a State, but this system was in vogue years prior to this, the territorial coun- ties being governed by the same system. In the winter of 1850-1 the Legislature passed an net creating the county of Bad Ax. It was set off from Crawford county, and organization of the territory so set off was authorized. The first election was held in April, 1851, at which county officers were elected.
It is to be presumed that the first meeting of the board of supervisors was held shortly after the April election; but the records do not throw any light upon it. According to the record the first meeting of the board of supervisors was held on the Ilth of November, 185I, at Viroqua. The only business transacted was to canvass the votes cast at the November election of 1851. The following officers were declared elected:
County clerk, William C. McMichael; sheriff, James M. Bailey; register of deeds, Jaeoh Higgins; district attorney, Lorenzo A. Pierce; coroner, Clement Spaulding; surveyor, Samuel McMichael; assemblyman, Andrew Briggs. The records were signed by O. Wisel, clerk of board, and W. F. Terhune, deputy.
On the 11th of November, 1851, the next meeting of the board of supervisors was held at the house of Moses Decker. At this time taxes were levied; the whole valuation of the county being $32,897.
One month later another meeting of the board was held, at which the following bills against the county were allowed: W. F. Ter- hune, services as deputy clerk, $24.86; Orrin Wisel, services as clerk, $5.57; Oliver Langdon justice of the peace, $3.87; James M. Bailey, deputy sheriff, $16.22; Westfall Decker, assist- ing sheriff in arrest, $2; Rufus Gillett, sheriff, $25.61; L. A. Pierce, district attorney, $39 --- donated to county; Abraham Cyfert, $4.50; Abraham Stiles, supervisor, 89.70; Moses
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
Decker, services of his son Thomas, 75 cents; Eldad Inman, constable, $3; Peter La Morse, supervisor, 83. It was ordered that the office of the clerk of circuit court be kept at the house of William F. Terhune until further notice.
At this time the entire county was organized as one civil town. From the records, it would appear that the board of town trustees also com- posed the board of county supervisors, and fre- quently the board would meet as town trustees, then organize themselves into the board of su- pervisors and proceed to the transaction of county business. The records do not disclose the names of the members, but from the bills allowed it would appear that Abraham Stiles and Peter La Morse were members of the board in 1851.
William (. MeMichael succeeded Orrin Wisel as clerk.
At a meeting of the board of supervisors held on the 31st of July, 1852, it was ordered that the clerk of the board "post up notices for letting the contract for building a room for the county offices to be kept in; also for painting the out- side of the court house, with lime mortar, and further, that the 14th of August, next, be set for hearing proposals." In August the contract for building was let to Orrin Wisel, for $65; that of painting the outside of the court house with "lime mortar" was let to Moses Decker for $7.50.
At the same session the record states that "Thomas J. De Frees be, and is hereby ap- pointed a commissioner, to survey and sub-divide into a town plat, the land which was donated by Moses Decker, Solomon Decker and Isaac Decker to Bad Ax county."
On the 12th of November, 1852, the board examined the assessment rolls and ascertained that the aggregate valuation of real and per- sonal property in the county was $64,432.
At this session Edmund Strong presented his resignation as county treasurer and John Longley was appointed to fill the vacancy.
On the 29th of March, 1853, the board of supervisors divided the county into four town- ships named respectively: Bergen, Jefferson, Bad Ax and Kickapoo. Up to this time the whole county had constituted one township. This matter is treated at length in another chapter.
This increased the board of supervisors to four, each civil town being entitled to one representative in the county board.
In the spring of 1853, the name of Thomas J. De Frees appears signing the records as chairman of the board, although it is not dis- closed when he was chosen as such.
A regular meeting of the board was held on the 3d of May, 1853, at which Andrew Briggs was chosen chairman of the board upon motion of William II. Austin. The minutes of this meeting were signed by Andrew Briggs, chair- man, W. H. Austin and Orin Caulkins.
On the 29th of November, 1853, the county board divided the town of Bad Ax, and created that of Farwell.
At the same session they granted Orrin Wisel a license to keep and maintain a toll bridge for ten years across the Kickapoo river, on section 8, township 11, range 3. The toll rates were fixed as follows : Footman, three cents ; horse and rider, ten cents ; each addi- tional horse, mule or ass, five cents; two horses and wagon, twenty-five cents; horse and buggy, fifteen cents ; yoke of oxen and wagon, thirty- five cents ; for each additional yoke of cattle, ten cents.
At the regular May session, 1854, the board organized by the election of Andrew Briggs as chairman for the ensuing year. The board was composed of Andrew Briggs, town of Bad Ax; Isaac Spencer, Jefferson; T. J. De Frees, Viro- qua; Benjamin Hill, Kickapoo, and John War- ner, Bergen.
One of the official acts at this session was the changing the name of the town of Farwell to that of Viroqna.
The board also expressed themselves in favor of building a court house for the county
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
during 1834, and suggested 30x38 feet, two storie's high as the size. T. J. De Frees drew plans and specifications for the building and proposals were advertised for.
At the July session, 1854, the proposal of Samuel MeMichael to build the court house for $2,100 was accepted.
A special session of the board was held on the 9th of March, 1855, at which the town of Viroqua was divided, and the towns of Forest and Hillsborough were created. A petition from the citizens of township 13 north, of range 1 east, to be set off as a civil town, was re- jected.
On the 13th of November, 1855, the board of supervisors of "Bad Ax" county convened in annual session, and organized by the election of William H. Goode as, chairman for the ensu- ing year. The board was composed of the fol- lowing named gentlemen representing the various towns in the county. Andrew Briggs, Bad Ax; W. H. Goode, Viroqua; Isaac Spencer, Jefferson; William H. Austin, Kickapoo; Joseph N. Martin, Hillsborough; John M. Mc- Lees, Bergen.
At this session, the former resolution of the board creating the town of Forest was repealed, and the town of Union was created embracing the territory of township 13, ranges 1 and 2 west. Forest was again created embracing the territory of township 14, ranges 1 and 2 west. At the same session the towns of Webster, Christiana, Greenwood and Ilarmony were ere- ated. Sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 of township 12, range 5, were detached from the town of Bad Ax and annexed to Jefferson.
At the March session, 1856, James W. Chaney succeeded Andrew Briggs as supervisor from the town of Bad Ax.
On the 5th of September, 1856, the board of supervisors convened for the regular fall term. William A. Bullard was elected chairman for the ensuing year. The record states that the board was composed of the following gentle- men:
W. A. Bullard, Viroqua; James M. Bailey, Bad Ax; J. R. Savage, Jefferson; Edmund Klopfleisch, Hillsborough; Uriah Gregory, Greenwood; Ransom Bennett, Harmony; E. Bursett, Christiana; O. Wisel, Kickapoo; J. Allen, Webster; G. White, Forest; Josiah Newburn, Union; R. Bennett, Bergen.
At this session the board ordered that the old court house be "advertised for sale, and sold to the highest bidder."
Samuel McMichael was appointed county surveyor to fill the vacancy caused by the death of William F. Beavers.
There seems to have been quite a change in the the personnel of the board at the November term, 1856 : Engelbrit Bjorseth appeared from Christiana ; Giles White from Forest ; and R. S. McMichael from Harmony :
For the first time the question of what should be done with the county poor came to the no- tice of the board at the November term, 1856, and it was declared that all distinction be abol- ished between county and town poor. Three county superintendents of the poor were elected, who were to hold their offices three years. They were Isaac Williams, Robert Ad- ams and T. J. DeFrees. It was also ordered that a tax of two mills on the dollar, amount- ing to $1876.76 be levied for the purpose of purchasing a poor farm and erecting suitable buildings.
At the December session, 1856, one new su- pervisor took his seat-James Marker, from Jefferson,
The superintendents of poor were authorized to purchase a poor farm. It was to be improved, and cost not more than $5,000.
At the March session, in 1857, R. S. MeMichael was chosen chairman of the board to fill the vacancy occasioned by the removal of William A. Bullard, the former chairman, from the town of Viroqua, which he had been elected to rep- resent.
At the same time two petitions were presented for the division of the town of Bad Ax and the
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
creation of two new civil towns ; one was from William S. Purdy et. al .; the other from E. B. Houghton, et. al. The chairman appointed Aaron White, of Viroqua, J. R. Savage, of Jef- ferson, and James Allen, of Webster, a commit- tee to investigate, and they reported in favor of granting the Purdy petition. Accordingly the new town of Sterling was created and ordered organized. The boundaries of the towns of Bad Ax, Jefferson and Viroqua, were all changed somewhat ; the new civil towns of Wheatland, Whitestown and Masterson were created, and the name of the town of Bad Ax was changed to "Lockhaven," at the same session. Wheatland, White and Masterson (now Clinton) was or- ganized at the same session.
The regular fall session of the board of supervisors, for 1857, convened at Viroqua on the 24th of August. The organization of the board was effected by the election of Aaron White, of Viroqua, as chairman for the ensuing year. The following named gentleman consti- tuted the board:
Aaron White, Viroqua; James Berry, Jeffer- son; R. S. McMichael, Harmony; J.W.Chaney, Bergen; Adam Carlisle, Wheatland; James Allen, Webster; W. II. Austin, Kickapoo; A. B. Donaldson, Sterling; Nelson Cady, Lock Haven; Charles A. Hunt, Masterton; David Wilt, Christiana; Giles White, Whitestown; Jacob Noffseniger, Forest; George Sheldon, Hills- borough; Uriah Gregory, Greenwood; Josiah Newburn, Union.
Among the first acts of the board at this ses- sion was to change the name of the town of Lock Haven to Franklin. Later in the session the name of the town of Masterton was changed to Clinton.
On the 26th of August, 1857, the board author- ized the county clerk to advertise for plans and specifications for a jail, which was to cost not more than $4,000 and not less that $1,500.
A bounty of $3 was offered for every wolf killed within the county.
At the annual meeting of the board in No- vember, 1857, Joel T. Shaw presented his cre- dentials and took his seat as member from the town of Wheatland.
At the same session a petition for the division of the town of Kickapoo, from Chancey W. Lawton and others, was laid upon the table. The towns of Hamburg and Coon were created at the same session.
In December, 1857, the new town of Liberty was created, the territory being set off from the town of Viroqua.
At the same time the board ordered that the court house be insured for at least $1,500.
At the June session, in 1858, the board met on the 7th and proceeded to organize for the ensu- ing year, by the election of Alson Keeler, of Viroqua, as chairman. The following members elect appeared and qualified, as supervisors from their respective towns: Levi Pierson, of Hills- borough; C. A. Hunt, of Clinton; Allen Rusk, of Liberty; George Spurrier, of Kiekapoo; Alson Keeler, of Viroqua; Jones P. Sawyer, of Frank- lin; W. T. McConnell, of Jefferson; C. G. Allen, of Sterling; O. Chaney, of Hamburg; Levi Shorey, of Bergen.
A set of rules were adopted at this session, many of which are still in force, having been adopted in each successive year, since that time. The committee, which drafted them, was com- posed of Adam Carlisle, C. A. Hunt and Uriah Gregory.
Nothing having been done regarding the building of a jail for the county, since their former resolution regarding it, the board on the second day of the session resolved that a jail be built at a cost of $1,500. An effort was made to raise the amount to 82,500, but the motion was out-voted. W. T. McConnell, Charles A. Ilunt and A. Keeler, were appointed a commit tee to attend to building the jail.
The sum of $500 was appropriated for the purpose of building a fire proof vault for the safe keeping of the county records.
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
The annual fall meeting of the county board, began on the 9th of November, 1858, pursuant to law. At this time the board of supervisors was composed of the following gentlemen, rep- resenting the various towns in the county: Uriah Gregory, Greenwood; J. B. Nofsinger, Forest; Josiah Newburn, Union; S. H. Seamon. Hillsborough; Giles White, Whitestown; Charles A. Hunt, Clinton; James Allen, Web- ster; Allen Rusk, Liberty; George Spurier, Kickapoo; David Wilt, Christiana; Alson Keeler, Viroqua; Jonas P. Sawyer, Franklin; W. T. McConnell, Jefferson; C. G. Allen, Sterling; John T. Brinkmann, Hamburg; R. S. McMichael, Harmony; Adam Carlisle, Wheatland; Levi Shorey, Bergen.
After allowing a great many bills and destroying several hundred county orders, upon motion of W. T. McConnell, the board pro- ceeded as a committee of the whole to examine the jail. It was then resolved that they "do accept the county jail as now completed by the contractor, Mr. Fretwell, agreeable to his con- tract, and that a county order do issue for the sum of $2,000 to said Fretwell, and that one additional sum of $60 be allowed and paid said Fretwell, for extra work on said contract."
From the report of the county treasurer, which was presented to the board at this ses- sion, it appears that the total indebtedness of the county was $6,641; total assets, $4,044; bal- ance against the county, $2,596.
On the last day of the session a petition was presented from citizens in the town of Union, asking that congressional township 13, range 2 west, be set off and organized as a civil town. It was granted, and the name of Stark was bestowed upon it. At the same time a petition was presented from citizens in the town of Bergen, asking that their town be divided.
A report presented by Isaac Williams and Thomas J. DeFrees, superintendents of the poor, stated that there was $569.25 worth of personal property upon the county poor farm; that there was twenty-three acres broke; that
the average number of paupers upon the place was twelve.
It appears that the town of Coon did not take advantage of the act of the board, passed in November, 1857, creating and authorizing the organization of that town. On the 13th of November, 1858, it was resolved as follows:
"That, whereas, the town of Coon has failed and neglected to organize under a resolution of this board, passed at its last annual meeting, setting off said town from Jefferson, by not electing officers pursuant to the statute, in such cases made and provided; therefore, resolved, that this board issue a warrant to the assessor and treasurer of the town of Christiana, (that being the town next adjoining Coon), requiring them to assess and collect respectively the quota of tax due from said town of Coon. * * * That William F. Terline, Esq., be employed as attorney and counsel in the matter of collecting such tax."
It seems that at this time the board began to feel nervous over the county's finances, and that the famous crash of 1857 was affecting this region, as they passed a resolution requir- ing the county treasurer to receive nothing in payment of taxes, save gold and silver.
At the June session, 1859, the personnel of the board was but little changed from the pre- ceding November : Levi Pearson took his seat as member from Ihillsborough ; succeeding S. 11. Seamon.
At this session J. P. Sawyer presented a resolution to the effect that the county treasurer be authorized to receive county orders in the payment of county tax, but after a lengthy discussion the resolution was rejected.
On the 9th of March, 1859, Adam Carlisle presented the following bill, to modify what had formerly been resolved concerning taxes, which was adopted :
"SEC. 1. - That the county treasurer is hereby authorized to receive county orders for delinquent county tax up to the time of the
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
sales of the lands returned delinquent for the taxes of the year 1858.
"SEC. 2 .- The county treasurer is further authorized to take town orders for delinquent town tax up to that time, provided, the town orders offered for payment of taxes shall be applied to lands within the town issuing the same.
"SEC. 3 .- The treasurer is further directed and required to receive only gold and silver, or currency of the State of Wisconsin, for all delinquent State, school, highway, dis- triet school and other local taxes.
"SEC. 4 .- The county treasurer is further directed to keep separate and disburse to the several towns the taxes paid on the lands in each town ; so that each town shall receive its quota of taxes paid on the lands included in the same."
At the same session a license was granted to Cyrus F. and Ransom P. Gillett, to maintain and operate, for ten years, a ferry across the Mississippi river, in township 12, range 7.
On the 11th of July, 1859, the board met pursuant to law, and organized by the election of A. Carlysle as chairman for the ensuing year. The board was composed of the following gen- tlemen : John Michelet, Christiana ; Peter Olson, Coon; J. B. Nofsinger, Forest; E. Klop- fleisch, Hillsborough ; R. S. MeMichael, Har- mony ; Elisha Page, Bergen ; J. Newburn, Union ; George Waltz, Stark ; A. Carlysle, Wheatland; Giles White, Whitestown; C. A. Hunt, Clinton; J. HI. Layne, Franklin; J. Waddell, Greenwood ; J. T. Brinkmann, Hamburg; W. H. Officer, Jefferson; S. Graham, Liberty ; Jo- seph Harris, Kickapoo; W. S. Purdy, Sterling; James Allen, Webster; Thomas Fretwell, Vi- roqua; Joseph O. Parker, Stark.
At the November session in 1859, the matter of electing superintendents of the poor came before the board, and resulted in the choice of Thomas J. DeFrees for one year; Thomas Fret- well for two years, and John M. MeLees for three years. The boundaries of the towns of
Bergen, Wheatland and Hamburg were mate- rially altered at this session.
A special session of the board was held in June, 1860, to take into consideration the swamp lands donated to the county by the Leg- islature. Thomas Fretwell, of Viroqua, was appointed commissioner to investigate, locate and detetermine as near as practicable the amount and value of such lands. At this ses- sion Adam Carlysle, of Wheatland, was re- elected chairman for the ensuing year.
Pursuant to law the board of supervisors eon - vened for their regular session on the 13th of November, 1860. The former chairman, Adam Carlysle, had removed from the county, leaving the board without a chairman. This vacancy was filled by the election of Charles A. Hunt, of Clinton. The members at this time were : Ransom Bennett, Bergen ; John Michelet, Christiana; Charles A. IIunt, Clinton ; Peter Oleson, Coon; James H. Layne, Franklin; Wil- liam C. Steltling, Forest ; Joseph M. Waddell, Greenwood; Edward Klopfleiseh, Hillsborough; John T. Brinkmann, Hamburg ; Ilartman Al- len, Harmony; W. H. Officer, Jefferson; Joseph HIarris, Kickapoo; Samuel Graham, Liberty ; Alexander Latshaw, Sterling; James O. Parker, Stark; C. W. Adams, Union ; Thomas Fret- well, Viroqua ; G. G. Van Wagner, Wheat- land ; James Allen, Webster ; Giles White, Whitestown.
At this session Thomas Fretwell, who had been appointed agent to investigate the swamp land matter, reported that he had received no maps or charts of the land, and that he had learned nothing of importance concerning the same. The chairman then appointed a com- mittee, consisting of Alexander Latshaw, G. G. Van Wagner, C. W. Adams and Hart- well Allen, to investigate the matters relating to the land grant.
Under the date of Nov. 16, 1860, appears the following entry, which explains itself :
" Whereas, The number of Jury cases to be tried at any term of the circuit court of Bad
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HISTORY OF VERNON COUNTY.
Ax county is in general but small ; therefore, resolved, that the Hon. George Gale, judge of the sixth judicial circuit, be memorialized, and he is hereby memorialized, to order that the clerk of the circuit court of Bad Ax county draw but sixteen names of persons to serve as petit jurors at said court, and that the order remain in force until otherwise ordered."
At the same session of the board the follow- ing memorial to the Legislature was adopted :
"The memorial of the board of supervisors of Bad Ax county respectfully shows that the present mode of transacting county business by means of a county board of supervisors, as is now done throughout the State, is burdensome to the people and cumbersome in its operations, and we would therefore ask that the present system of governing the counties be abolished, and that known as the commissioner system, as now in use in the States of Pennsylvania and Ohio, be adopted."
"The memorial of the board of supervisors of Bad Ax county would respectfully show to your honorable body that it would be much to the advantage of this county to have the south half of township 11, ranges 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, now in Crawford county, attached to the county of Bad Ax, to become a part thereof for all pur- poses, the same as any other portion of said county of Bad Ax."
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