USA > Wisconsin > Waukesha County > The History of Waukesha County, Wisconsin. Containing an account of its settlement, growth, development and resources; an extensive and minute sketch of its cities, towns and villages etc > Part 49
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"In noting these facts, I do not wish to be understood as claiming any medicinal virtues for the waters by reason of the presence of carbonate of magnesia, although its admixture in
330
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
suitable proportions may contribute to the general effect. The phenomena, however, have given rise to some inquiry, which it is hoped, the above explanation will tend to satisfy."
Bethesda Spring .- The late Richard Dunbar, the first white man to discover the virtues of Waukesha mineral water and receive an almost miraculous benefit from them, relates the not wholly unromantic story of the discovery as follows :
" I had been afflicted with the disease known as diabetes, in its worst form. I resorted to the most eminent physicians in this country, but without avail. My family physician, the dis- tinguished Dr. Willard Parker, of New York City, having exhausted his skill in medicine, advised me as a last resort to visit Europe. I went but returned home unbenefited. On my return I called on Dr. Parker. He told me that there was no use in resorting to any more rem- edies ; that my case was beyond the reach of medical aid. I then concluded that there was nothing more for me to do but put my house in order and resign myself to my fate.
" In pursuit of a matter of family interest, I visited South Bend, Ind., accompanied by Mrs. Dunbar, and while there I was summoned to Waukesha, by the death of Mrs. Clarke, my wife's mother, who had resided there. I was very feeble, at this time, and enduring much bodily suffering. My insatiable thirst was beyond the power of man to describe. My tongue and gums were ulcerated ; my bodily suffering was intense. Under these conditions I reluctantly made my way to Waukesha. This was the autumn of 1868. On the following day after the burial I was invited by Miss Clarke to ride out to see some real estate she had purchased within the corporate limits of the city. I protested strongly against my going; finally I reluctantly consented, feeling but little interest in, to me, earth's fast receding affairs, as I did not expect to live one day beyond the limit set by Dr. Willard Parker-six weeks.
" When I entered the field on which the spring is located, the intolerable thirst which had so long afflicted me had nearly overpowered me, and at this time I bemoaned my imprudence in leaving the house, and wished to return to obtain water to slake my insatiate thirst. Miss Clarke remarked that there was plenty of water on the property which we were viewing.
" A tumbler was immediately procured. As if providentially, I went to the right spring. I drank six tumblerfuls, and felt instantly a most grateful and refreshed sensation, as I felt the water coursing through my system. My tongue and gums were raw ; my lips were parched; the water seemed to coat my tongue, and my lips became moistened. The water seemed to me so -mild and soothing, I at once remarked to the ladies that there was something peculiar in the water. Reader, it was to me the most delicious, the most grateful beverage that entered my mouth in years. I immediately sought rest under the shade of a wide-spreading oak which then stood and now stands overlooking the spring, like a guardian angel watching it.
" After a rest of one-half hour I returned again to the spring, and drank six tumblerfuls in succession, making twelve in all within the space of half an hour. I felt then, and expressed the opinion that there was something wonderful in the water, as I felt it working a great change in me. Previous to my reaching the house, a profuse perspiration broke out all over me, a result science and medical skill had failed to produce in the three and a half years of my illness. That night I retired at half-past 9 and slept all night. Such a night of undisturbed repose I had inot enjoyed for years. I arose that morning feeling well. At 11 o'clock A. M., on that day, I considered myself as well as ever I felt; nevertheless I remained three days and drank the water freely, but never exceeding twelve glasses per day. I then returned to Indiana, finishing my business there. after which I returned to New York, feeling I had a new lease of life, so benefited and restored did I feel.
"I again called on Dr. Parker. He felt a great surprise to see me, and so well, for he said when last I took my leave of him he would never see me again alive, and questioned me about what brought on this change. I told him about my visit to Waukesha, and the almost miracu- lous cure. He said it was wonderful ; had never heard of anything like it.
" In the following January, while at Washington, I suffered a relapse. I felt it was a pun- ishment inflicted on me by Divine Providence for my neglecting to introduce to suffering human- ity the great and wonderful specific. On that day I telegraphed Dr. Parker saying I had a
331
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
relapse. He answered by saying, there is no other remedy but the Wisconsin water. I left Washington that evening for New York, and called on the Doctor previous to my going home. He (Dr. Parker) then told me there would have been a foot of grass on my grave if it had not been for that water, and then advised me to send for a cask of the water. I told him there were several other springs adjacent to the spring from which I drank, and that my friends might make a mistake. One of these springs was twenty feet from the Bethesda, on the same level, and boiling up out of the earth ; on the other side, about fifty feet, was another large spring boiling. I told him I would go to Waukesha. He said that was well, and keep him posted on the effect of the water on me. If it had the same effect as before, it was the most wonderful thing he had ever heard of, and if it could be purchased, to spare no time in obtaining it. I arrived in Waukesha. In due time I hastened to the spring, and I found the same effect as before. I then made the ben- eficial effects of the water known, and people crowded here, drank the water and were healed.
" I determined to be a help to humanity, but was derided, abused, persecuted by many of the good people of Waukesha. I was even accused of drugging the spring. So fierce was the blast I had to encounter, that I would have relinquished the spring, if I had not been drawn and impelled forward by an influence which I could neither fully analyze nor resist. I would hear that word as distinctly as I now can see to write-' Push Bethesda ; you cannot say two much for it; don't abandon it.' While introducing the water throughout this nation, it never failod to perform all I claimed for it, and, in fact, more than I had ever anticipated it would do. To- day it has no counterpart on earth as a grand specific for all kidney troubles.
" Time, which makes all things even, had made Bethesda a victor. The voice of sneering incredulity was silenced ; the healing properties of the spring were acknowledged. I have been the means of enriching those miserable persecutors. I have snatched Waukesha from obscurity, and set it in a large place; its conspicuity is widening, as everybody can see. The acknowledged merits of the spring are attracting the attention of this and other countries, and the present and prospective wealth of Waukesha has been increased $1,000,000 or more.
" Prof. C. F. Chandler, of Columbia College, N. Y., made an analysis of the water. I found nothing remarkable in the analysis, but public incredulity could not induce me to disbe- lieve the evidence of my own senses, or forget my rescue from an imminent and painful death. I proclaimed and do proclaim the fact of my cure. I refer to Dr. Willard Parker for the facts in my own case. Throughout this nation and Europe, I have invited for it the severest tests, that of actual trial, and serenely awaited a verdict which I knew to be inevitable, and have pub- lic confidence obtained.
"I called the spring Bethesda, because the Lord was merciful to me in leading me to the healing fount. The word Bethesda signifies the house of mercy, and was the name of a pool at Jerusalem, which had five porticoes, piazzas or covered walks around it .- John, v, 2 and 4.
" The generality of expositors think it had this name rather from the great goodness of Gol, manifested to liis people in bestowing healing virtues upon its waters. It was at this pool that Jesus directed a blind man to wash for the recovery of his sight .- John ix, 7. " The five porches mentioned by the Evangelist, John, V, 2 and 4, are supposed to have been five apartments for the accommodation of the multitude that came to the pool to be cured of their bodily diseases. In these porches, says the Evangelist, lay a great many of impotent people, blind, halt and withered, waiting for the moving of the waters, for an angel went down at a certain season into the pool and troubled the water. Whosoever the first after the troubling of the waters stepped in was made whole of whatever disease he had. The modern pool of Bethesda is about the same dimensions as the ancient pool. The five springs encircling the pool of Bethesda, I compared to the five porches at the ancient pool-the five porticoes, or cov- ered walks, all are built. Of those springs, so far, we find but one curative; the other four I filled, as they were worthless. What those curative properties are seems to be beyond the comprehension of all scientists. I drank of the modern Bethesda; I was healed of an incura- ble disease, one that baffled the skill of the most scientific men, at home and abroad."
332
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
The first analysis of Bethesda water was made by Prof. C. F. Chandler, of Columbia Col- lege, N. Y., with this result, the quantity analyzed being a wine gallon of 231 cubic inches :
1.160 grains.
Sulphate of potassa.
0.542
Bicarbonate of lime
17.022
Bicarbonate of magnesia ..
12.388
Bicarbonate of iron ..
0.042
Bicarbonate of soda
1.256
Phosphate of soda.
a trace
Alumina.
0.122
Silica.
0.944
Organic matter
1.983
Total
35.710 grains.
The surroundings of this spring have been made beautiful. It is in the midst of a large park, in which are numerous walks and drives, the latter named after the prominent citizens of Waukesha. Near it is a large pool, in which are several other springs and several varieties of fish. This pool, in a different shape, was in existence when the first white people visited Waukesha. During the summer of 1880, Mrs. Dunbar, proprietor, erected an office and bath- house at a cost of nearly $8,000, and the work of planting trees and flowers never ceases. The shipment of water from Bethesda Spring is to all parts of the civilized world, and averages thirty barrels per day.
Mineral Rock Spring .- The Mineral Rock Spring is owned by C. C. Olin' & Co. The following analysis, by Prof. Gustavus Bode, of Milwaukee, shows its ingredients :
Chloride of sodium
0.279
Sulphate of soda 0.957
Bicarbonate of soda 1.210
Bicarbonate of lime
9.866
Bicarbonate of magnesia.
7.824
Silica.
1.054
Organic matter.
a trace
Total.
21.197
Accompanying the analysis was the following letter :
MILWAUKEE, Wis., Nov. 11, 1872.
C. C. OLIN, Esq , Waukesha :
Dear Sir :- In transmitting the result of my analysis of the Waukesha Mineral Rock Spring, you will allow me to state that the above water does not differ materially in its combination from the famous Bethesda water. Chemical analysis has thus far failed to detect what causes the well-known effects of those waters. There are, however, some points to which I would call your attention, which may serve to give some explanation :
All spring waters contain certain combinations of salts, in larger or smaller quantities, and upon the amount of lime and magnesia salts they contain depends their degree of hardness. Almost all of them contain the lime, principally combined with sulphuric acid (as sulphate of lime-gypsum), which is the cause of its hardness and the formation of kettlestone. The Waukesha water contains no sulphate of time, and but very little sulphate of soda. To the absence of sulphates their medical effect is to be attributed.
If you will refer to the analysis of the Bethesda water, made by Prof. Chandler, and compare the figures of the inclosed analysis, you will find that the Waukesha Mineral Rock Spring contains less lime and magnesia salts, and hardly any sulphates, and, if the conclusions I have come to are correct, you may expect the water of the Waukesha Mineral lock Spring to prove even more effective than the Bethesda and others.
The location of your spring, coming direct from the lime quarries, and being considerably elevated above the river, is another guarantee for its purity, which it will maintain in times of high water when other springs are over- flowed and mixed with river water.
Respectfully yours, G. BODE, Analytical Chemist.
Hygiea Spring .- This spring, only a few rods from the street, owned by Edward Flan- nery, an engineer on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, by whom it was im- proved in 1872, is inclosed by the finest and largest amphitheater of masonry in the county of Waukesha. The spectacle is a remarkable one, the broad slabs of marble, the lime, the sand
Chloride of sodium
0.454
Sulphate of sodium
333
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
and the clear, sparkling mineral waters, all being natives of Waukesha, and to be had in unlim- ited quantities. During the season of 1880, Mr. Flannery erected a new office near his spring, and made other improvements of value. The analysis of this spring made by Otto A. Thiele, of Berlin, Prussia, is as follows :
Bicarbonate of soda.
2.265 grains.
Bicarbonate of iron.
0.575
Bicarbonate of lime .. 16.726
Bicarbonate of magnesia. 13.142
Chloride of sodium 1.250
Phosphate of soda.
0.040
Sulphate of potassa
0.820
Sulphate of sodium
0.524
Alumina.
0.720
Silica
0.150
Organic matter
a trace
Total
38.211
Glenn Waukesha Spring .- The waters of the Glenn Waukesha Spring, near the Fox River, in Waukesha Village, were analyzed by Prof. C. F. Chandler, of Columbia College, New York, with this result :
Chloride of sodium
1.1944 grains.
Sulphate of potassa.
0.4943
Sulphate of soda
0.6212
Bicarbonate of lime ..
15.9764
Bicarbonate of magnesia.
11.5795
Bicarbonate of iron
0.0866
Bicarbonate of soda
0.7595
Phosphate of soda.
0.0034
Alumina ..
0.0466
Silica.
1.0497
Organic matter
2.2160
Total
34,0276 grains.
This spring is owned by J. K. Glenn, of New York City. He now has an office, bath- house and shipping-house near, and ships large quantities of water, especially to New York. A wind-engine has been erected for hoisting water for an artificial fountain and for packing pur- poses. The pavilion at this spring is a good one, and the mason-work about it substantial. A large lamp is kept burning, at the head of the stone stairway leading down to the spring, every night in the year, for the accommodation of those who drink of its waters.
Clysmic Spring .- This spring, near the corner of Grand avenue and the Fountain House grounds, is the property of Mrs. Kate B. Hill, of Natchez, Mississippi. It has a liberal flow and is very cold and sparkling. The water was awarded a grand medal by the American Insti- tute at New York, the award being to John L. Lockwood, of New York City, who is the sole lessee and manager. The improvements about the Clysmic Spring are not extensive, but val- uable ones are in contemplation. The analysis by Prof. Rathbone, is as follows :
In one U. S. or wine gallon of 231 cubic inches, there are-
Chloride of sodium
1.170 grains.
Sulphate of potassa
0.456
Sulphate of soda. 0.560
Bicarbonate of lime. 16.044
Bicarbonate of magnesia. 13.563
Bicarbonate of iron
0.038
Bicarbonate of soda.
1.261
Phosphate of soda. 0.032
a trace
Silica.
0.722
Organic matter.
1.616
Total.
35,462 grains.
Alumina
334
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
Crescent Spring .- This mineral spring, discovered while excavations were being made near the Fountain House, in Waukesha, is a very large one. The mnason work incloses the largest area of any in the county, and over the clear, deep pool is a two-story pagoda, of attractive architecture, capable of seating comfortably nearly two hundred persons. The discharge from this spring is 400 barrels per hour. The proprietor, Matthew Laflin, of Chicago, who was cured at the age of sixty-nine, of rheumatism, placed the water from this spring on the market, which has reached a wide sale. The analysis made by Prof. A. Voght, of New Orleans, shows the water to contain the following ingredients :
Free carbonic acid
11.7825 grains.
Bicarbonate of lime.
16.1885
Bicarbonate of magnesia.
9.7530
Bicarbonate of iron.
3.7654
Bicarbonate of baryta 0.2469
1.1267
Bicarbonate of lythia.
0.2470
Sulphate of lime.
0.2006
Chloride of sodium.
0.7253
Alumina, silica, etc.
0.5093
Total.
44.5352
Silurian Spring .- This very large spring, opposite the Park Hotel, Waukesha, was so named from the Silurian Age, in which were deposited the limestone formations from which its waters derive their peculiar virtues and properties. It has been in use longer than any other spring in Waukesha, David Jackson's house having been supplied from it by means of hand- bored "pump-logs," forty years ago, or more. It is in the midst of a large and beautiful park, in which is a ridge formed during the famous glacial epoch. Near by is a pool for fish ; several pagodas and a very fine bath-house, erected in the spring of 1880-the largest in the village. There are several springs on the Silurian property, all with similar mineral and medicinal quali- ties ; but one is sufficient for all purposes, having a flow unequaled by any other, with perhaps one exception, in Waukesha. Over the main spring, a truly elegant pagoda of a rare style of architecture was built in 1880, by the. proprietors, Anderson & Haslage, the latter of whom was cured by the water. It has double rows of iron columns, and is encircled by a table of polished imported marble. It is said to be the finest spring pagoda in the Union. The waters boil up through several holes pierced in a thick block of limestone rock. The analysis by Prof. Walter S. Haines, of Rush Medical College, Chicago, is disclosed in the following letter :
CHEMICAL LABORATORY OF RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE, CHICAGO, January 10, 1880. MESSRS. ANDERSON & HASLAGE-Gentlemen : Upon subjecting the Silurian Mineral Water to chemical analysis, I find each gallon of 231 inches contains :
0.1926 grains.
Sulphate of sodium.
0.2917
0.0301 66
Carbonate of calcium
9.9277
Carbonate of magnesium
6.8324 16
Carbonate of iron
0.1285 66
Phosphate of iron.
traces.
Phosphate of manganese.
traces.
Alumina.
0.5827
Silica
0.7004
Organic matter
very faint trace.
Total solids.
18.6861 grains.
Carbonic acid gas, 44.7 cubic inches per gallon.
One of the most noteworthy features of the water is its remarkable freedom from organic matter; it is the purest water in this respect that I have ever examined, and this organic purity undoubtedly greatly increases the alterative and diuretic effects of its mineral constituents. WALTER S. HAINES, M. D.
White Rock Spring .- In a natural amphitheater of limestone, with clean limestone rock on five sides, is H. W. Colver's White Rock Spring. The flow is large and the water exceed- ingly cold. The natural beauties of the surrounding lands are great, being composed of forest,
Chloride of sodium
Bicarbonate of sodium.
Sulphate of soda
335
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
prairie, rocks, hills and river bank, all in the sixty acres of land owned by Mr. Colver. Below the spring, over which he has an ample pavilion, are five or six other large springs of similar analysis. In the pools of two of these, fine watercresses grow in abundance. The analysis of White Rock was made by J. Campbell Brown, of Liverpool, England, and is as follows, expressed in grains per imperial gallon :
Sodium chloride
Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium sulphate
.609
Potassium sulpbate .781
Magnesium bicarbonate 14.211
19.225
66
Iron salts
.082
Sodium silicate
.922
66
Organic matter.
1,641 66
Total.
39.619 66
Lethean Spring .- This spring, discovered in a remarkable manner, is owned by Dr. Jehiel Smith, in the village of Waukesha. The following is an extract from the book issued in 1875, by the proprietor of the Lethean Spring :
" The spring forming the subject of this book is located in the heart of the village, on a plat of ground 100 by 150 feet, on Clinton street, about eight rods from the business portion of the village. The proprietor of the spring built a house on this plat two years ago, and, in digging the cellar to the depth of nine feet and the size of the house, enough stone was taken out for not only the outside walls of the cellar, but the division and cistern walls, showing how much of stone there is in the vicinity of the spring, from which to derive its mineral properties. In digging for a well, the spring was opened to the upper surface at the depth of twenty-two feet ; a large bowlder of about one ton's weight was lifted, revealing a beautiful spring flowing through a bed of white sand. The workmen could only go two feet farther, and the flow of water soon rendered it clear ; the upper walls were laid in cement to keep out foreign matter and surface drainage, while the lower walls allowed the spring to pursue the course it had prob- ably followed for ages, in its dark and lonely depths. The constant flow keeps it steadily at two feet, summer and winter, and it has a uniform temperature the year round of 45° Fahren- heit, which shows the depth of its source is far below the level to which the changes of the seasons affect the temperature of the earth."
The analysis, by Prof. G. Bode, of Milwaukee, shows the water of this spring to contain the following ingredients :
Chloride of sodinm
0.695 grains.
Sulphate of soda
0.881
Bicarbonate of soda.
1.286
66
Bicarbonate of lime
9.498
Bicarbonate of magnesia.
5.922
Bicarbonate of iron
0.097
Alumina.
0.101
Silica
0.783
Organic matter
not a trace.
Total quantity of soluble salts in United States wine gallon
19.263
Total quantity of soluble salts in imperial gallon ..
23.116
Carbonic acid in combination in imperial gallon
6.721
Excelsior Mineral Springs .- On Section 14, Waukesha, W. P. Calkins has several springs of quite varying mineral properties, some being so highly charged with iron and sulphur as to have a decided mineral taste, and to make a great discoloration of substances at the outlet ; while others have the property of petrifying moss and other substances. Some of them are so highly charged with carbonic acid as to be fatal to fish. Some of these springs have no mineral taste and make no discolorations. The water from one of them has been used as a medicinal agent for nearly thirty years. Mr. Calkins says : " I have not had the water from any of these springs analyzed ; and, as to name, I have for many years called them the Waukesha Excelsior
.857 grains. 1.341
Calcium bicarbonate.
336
HISTORY OF WAUKESHA COUNTY.
Mineral Springs. I have been told that a Mr. Welsh, who lives in Vernon, has some springs which he calls Excelsior ; but I claim the right to the name, having so called my springs before Welsh's springs were discovered."
Eocene Spring .-- This spring, owned by W. S. Chandler, contains the same minerals, in . the same proportion as the other springs, as the following letter from Prof. G. Bode, of Milwau- kee, written June 25, 1878, will show :
W. S. CHANDLER, Esq., Waukesha: Herewith please find the results of the analysis of the water from your spring, made by me at your request, of the sample furnished by you :
One gallon United States measure contains total quantity of solid matter 21.9401 grains, consisting of Chloride of sodium
Sulphate of soda ..
0.5775
Bicarbonate of soda
0.3809
Bicarbonate of lime
11.7166
Bicarbonate of magnesia
8.0916 66
Bicarbonate of iron
0.0181
Alumina Silica.
0.8601
The analysis proves that the water of your spring contains the same salts and in the same proportions as other Waukesha Springs. As it contains nelther sulphate of lime nor organic matter, I believe it to possess the medicinal qualities claimed for this class of waters in the highest degree. Very respectfully yours,
GUSTAVUS BODE, Analytical Chemist.
Horeb Spring .- This is one of the most elevated springs in the vicinity of Waukesha' being situated on the property of Thomas Spence, a high plateau on the west side of the Fox River, in the edge of the town of Pewaukee. It boils up through a bed of gravel at the foot of a hill, and in its bed may be seen small globules of magnesia, accumulated by the flow of water through the limestone rocks. There are several Horeb springs, but Mr. Spence ships only from the most elevated one, in order to avoid organic matter. The analysis, by Prof. G. Bode, of Milwaukee, is as follows:
A gallon, U. S. wine measure, contains :
Total quantity of soluble salts, 20.002 grains, consisting of
0.179 grains. 1.213
Sulphate of soda.
10.725
Bicarbonate of magnesia.
6.875
Aluminium
0.225
Silica.
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