USA > Wisconsin > Sauk County > The history of Sauk County, Wisconsin, containing an account of settlement, growth, development and resources biographical sketches the whole preceded by a history of Wisconsin > Part 55
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" On Tuesday, the recruiting continued, and in the evening another meeting was held, with O. W. Fox, Chairman, and E. Wyman, Secretary. After various patriotic speeches, the following resolution, introduced by C. Armstrong, was adopted :
" WHEREAS, It is reported that some one or two citizens of this town are in the practiceof utteringsentiments of approval of the course pursued by the Southern States in making war upon our Government, and, while we tolerate full freedom of speech and of the press in time of peace, we cannot nor will not, now that civil war has been commenced, submit to hear piracy and murder approved, much less witness the United States Constitution violated and traduced by any resident of Sauk County, in their either directly or indirectly giving aid or comfort to the enemy. Therefore,
" Resolved, that the presence of traitors is of itself sufficiently burdensome, and that, if they value the privilege of remaining among us, they must be quiet.
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HISTORY OF SAUK COUNTY.
"For several seconds after its reading not a whisper was heard, then the whole audience at once sprang to their feet and sent up three of the lustiest cheers ever heard in Wisconsin.
"On Wednesday morning, Hon. Moses M. Strong being in town, the citizens called for him, when he appeared on the court house steps and made a Union speech, half protesting against the policy of the administration, but deeming it the duty of every good citizen to support the Government. After his speech, the recruits started for Reedsburg to enlist accessions to their ranks. Flags, meantime, have been put up in a dozen or more conspicuous places, and the enthusiasm for red, white and blue emblems is constantly increasing."
Arrived at Reedsburg, the Sauk County Riflemen (for such was the name by which these first recruits were known) stopped at the Alba House, where a grand reception awaited them. Speeches were made by prominent citizens, including William Miles, N. W. Wheeler, F. K. Jenkins and Rev. W. H. Thompson. Ten recruits were there enrolled, and "the boys " returned to their homes to await the call of the Governor, to whom their services had previously been offered.
From this date forward, a blaze of excitement pervaded Sauk County. Impromptu meet- ings were held in every village and settlement, at which recruits were raised and funds voted for the relief of those left in dependent condition by the enlistment of fathers, brothers and hus- bands. The ladies were notably active in forming societies with relief ends in view, and making bandages and picking lint to be used on the field of battle in case any of their dear ones were so unfortunate as to be wounded. In Baraboo, the school children, some 200 in number, paraded the streets beneath the folds of the American flag. C. A. Sumner & Co. displayed a large flag with eight black stars, representing the disloyal States, surmounted by twenty-six white stars. On the 4th of May, squads of volunteers from different parts of the county came into Baraboo, and a grand parade took place, winding up with a presentation of red, white and blue badges to the volunteers, Mrs. C. A. Sumner making the presentation address. The Sauk County Rifle- men, while awaiting a call from the Governor, visited Reedsburg, where Capt. Malloy was pre- sented with a handsome sword. In anticipation of this event, the Reedsburg boys went over to Ironton to borrow a cannon, but, being refused by the owner of the ordnance, it became necessary to take the weapon any way. The following Saturday a visit was made to Dellton, and later, to Sauk City, but this sort of jollification was cut short on the 28th of May, when an order was received from Adjt. Gen. Utley, commanding them to report for duty. Before departing for the front, the company (after being sworn in by Lieut. Col. Atwood, of the Sixth Regiment), was presented with a stand of colors by the ladies of Baraboo. The departure for Madison was taken June 25, the occasion being one long to be remembered, by citizens and soldiers alike. The volunteers marched slowly along the streets to the court house square, followed by the Hook and Ladder Company and Mr. Thomson's singing-class, consisting of thirty young girls, dressed in white, heads uncovered, and sheltered from the sun's rays by the stars and stripes. Reaching the position assigned them, they sang a touching national hymn, written by Emeline S. Smith :
" Who said that the stars on our banner were dim- That their glory had faded away ? Look up and behold ! how bright through each fold . They are flashing and smiling to-day. A few wandering meteors only have paled ---- They shot from their places on high ; But the fixed and the true still illumine the blue, And will while all ages go by. *
* * * *
" Heaven's blessing upon it! Its stars never shone With a luster so pure and so warm; Like a beacon's calm ray, pointing out the safe way, They gleam through this gathering storm. Their heart-cheering light led our fathers aright Through all the dark perils they knew; The same magic glow shall lead us to the foe, And guide us to VICTORY too ! "
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HISTORY OF SAUK COUNTY.
On behalf of the Sauk County Bible Society, Rev. C. E. Weirich and S. P. Kezerta pre- sented each member of the company with a neat pocket testament ; and Sauk County's first complete company took its departure for the front. The company rendezvoused at Madison for a time, under rigorous discipline. Being assigned as Company A, the extreme right of the Sixth Wisconsin Infantry, they left for the scene of conflict July 28, 1861. With them went the heartfelt sympathies of the citizens of Sauk County for the integrity of the Government. It was the substantial result of their first patriotic efforts toward maintaining that Government. But they did not pause. Volunteers continued to go forward until the serpent-twined palmetto had ceased to wave, and the" peculiar institution "-slavery-was entombed, never again to exist in a free and enlightened country.
The following names appear upon the company's description book as those of the persons sworn into the United States service : A. G. Malloy, Captain ; D. K. Noyes, First Lieutenant ; T. C. Thomas, Second Lieutenant ; Sergeants-J. A. Schlick, J. A. Coughran, J. C. Miller, Albert Fox and H. F. Pruyn ; Corporals-H. A. Lee, J. F. McLoney, J. I. Weirich, H. J. Huntinton, A. F. F. Jensen, John Starks, C. H. Foote and George M. Jones ; Musicians-T. J. Johnson and A. G. Johnson.
Privates-R. H. Avery, R. Atridge, E. D. Ames, J. Alexander, T. Anderson, W. P. Black, E. Birum, T. B. Butterfield, E. A. Broughton, J. Brecher, F. H. Bunker, F. M. Cran- dall, H. H. Childs, H. L. Childs, Philip Cheek, Jr., W. H. Copeland, W. H. Clay, A. Darrow, W. S. Durlyn, J. M. Foster, S. Fort, J. T. Flowers, C. W. Farrington, A. Fancher, D. C. Fen- ton, F. Fletcher, H. D. Fordyce, J. B. Fowler, L. D. Finton, I. Fort, A. Fowler, C. M. Fesen- don, F. Gerlaugh, F. Graham, W. H. Groat, G. A. Harp, S. J. Hutchens, P. Hoefner, J. Hill, J. Hedges, D. Hedges, J. Hall, J. G. Hodgedon, I. Inman, R. Jones, B. H. Jones, T. Joy, H. D. Jones, T. A. Jones, J. J. Jenkins, T. L. Johnson, F. K. Jenkins, A. P. Johnson, J. O. Keyes, A. Klein, C. Kellogg, W. Klein, S. W. Keyes, C. Loit, J. C. Langhart, S. M. Long, W. L. Livesley, J. H. Moulon, H. C. Mattison, N. Moore, G. C. Miles, M. T. Moore, P. Nip- pert, D. Odell, M. Pointon, J. Pearson, W. Palmer, U. Palmer, W. Pearson, W. B. Ryder, E. H. Richmond, G. W. Russell, C. Reed, G. Rosser, G. Rice, I. Scott, W. W. Spear, W. Soare, E. F. Smalley, P. Stockhouse, W. B. Thomas, L. B. Van Luven, E. Wyman, C. J. Weidman, C. A. Winsor, H. Williams, P. Will, J. Whittey and H. H. Young.
WHERE THEY FOUGHT AND DIED.
First Regiment .- This was the first regiment organized in Wisconsin in compliance with the President's call for 75,000 three-months volunteers. In it was Sauk County's first contri- bution of men, who went forth to vindicate the right and punish treason. A list of those enlist- ing in the Madison Guard (which formed one of the companies in the First Regiment) from this county has already been given, but they were not all accepted. The description book of the company shows the names of those who were accepted, as follows : From Baraboo-Oscar Allen, H. B. Ames, L. F. Locke, A. D. Kimball, E. N. Marsh, A. B. Porter, C. W. Porter, D. W. Dewey, R. S. Hill, F. D. Stone, H. Sutcliffe, J. J. Foster. From Sauk City and Prairie du Sac-S. F. Clarke, E. Carl, J. Jenewine, P. Jacob, Anton Fischer, C. E. G. Horn, D. Viedt, H. Wandrey.
The three months having expired, they were mustered out August 21, 1861. Upon the re-organization of the regiment, quite a number of the Sauk County boys had joined other " regiments, then forming, the history of which will be found in subsequent pages of this chapter.
The Iron Brigade .- Sauk County was well represented in the famous Iron Brigade, which was composed of the Second, Sixth and Seventh Wisconsin Infantry Regiments and the Nine- teenth Indiana. The representation from this county in the Second and Seventh Regiments, though small, was in fair proportion with that of other counties of greater population ; it was in the ranks of the Sixth Regiment, however, that the patriots of " Old Sauk " were most numerous.
It is due to the memory of those who fell at the Wilderness, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and to those who lived through the greatest battles of the
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HISTORY OF SAUK COUNTY.
rebellion, that at least a partial record of the attendant events of their services should be given in these pages. The Second Regiment was originally enrolled under the President's call for 75,000 three-months volunteers. Under orders to rendezvous at Camp Randall, the various companies were organized early in May, 1861. Meanwhile, the General Government had decided to accept no more troops for this short term of service, and, accordingly, on the 16th of May, the regiment was called upon to re-enlist "for three years or during the war." With the exception of one company, the entire regiment complied enthusiastically. On the 11th of June, the Second Regiment, thus organized, was mustered into the United States service, being the first Wisconsin organization so mustered. On the 20th of the same month, the regiment left for Washington, and was the first body of three-years men to appear at the capital. On the 2d of July, they were ordered to Fort Corcoran, on the Fairfax road, where they were brigaded with three New York regiments, under Col. (now Gen.) Sherinan, and, on the 16th, when the movement on Manassas was made, were attached to Gen. Tyler's Division, by whom the enemy was engaged at Blackburn's Ford, on Bull Run. On the 21st, the Second Regi- ment was ordered to assault one of the enemy's batteries. They moved up, under a terrific enfilading fire of shell and canister from other batteries, formed in a line at the foot of a hill and charged up, driving back the rebel infantry, which had emerged from a cover in pursuit of a body of our troops just repulsed in a similar assault. Here they fought against enormous odds for over an hour, but, the enemy being re-enforced, were compelled to fall back, having 'suffered a loss of 30 killed, 105 wounded and 60 prisoners.
On the 23d, the regiment went into camp near Fort Corcoran, where they remained until August 27, when they were transferred from Col. Sherman's command to that of Brig. Gen. Rufus King. The subsequent history of the regiment was identified with that of the Iron Brigade until May, 1864, when they were engaged with the Army of the Potomac in the advance upon Richmond, under Gen. Meade.
The several companies composing the Sixth Regiment were ordered to rendezvous at Camp Randall about June 25, 1861. Under the direction of Col. Lysander Cutler, the regiment was mustered into service on the 16th of July, and on the 28th they left for Harrisburg, Penn., where they remained until the 3d of August, at which date they moved by rail to Baltimore, Md. Proceeding to Washington on the 7th, they encamped at Meridian Hill, joining at that place the command of Gen. Rufus King.
The Seventh Regiment rendezvoused at Camp Randall in August, 1861, and was organized under the direction of Col. Joseph Van Dor, being mustered into service September 16. They left ,the State for field service on the 21st, and reached Washington on the 1st of October, join- ing Gen. King's command at Camp Lyon.
It is here that the history of the Iron Brigade properly commences, though its organization took place in August previous, being composed of the Fifth and Sixth Wisconsin and the Nine- teenth Indiana. The brigade marched on the 3d of September, occupying a position at the chain bridge, five miles from Meridian Hill. They crossed the Potomac on the 5th of Septem- ber, and, after assisting in the construction of Fort Marcy, recrossed the river, and, October 5, went into winter quarters at Fort Tillinghast, on Arlington Heights, Va. Here they remained until March 10, 1862, when they took part in the advance upon Manassas. Nothing of start- ling importance occurred until the forenoon of the 28th of August. The brigade having been assigned a position in the advance line of the Army of Virginia, they proceeded slowly on the left of the army, via Gainesville, to Groveton, where they turned to the right on the Bethlehem Church road, and lay under arms until 5 in the afternoon, when they returned to the Warrenton pike, marching toward Centerville. While moving by the flank, the Second Regiment was attacked by a battery posted on a wooded eminence to the left. The regiment promptly advanced upon the battery, and soon encountered the enemy's infantry. While awaiting the arrival of the rest of the brigade, this regiment sustained and checked for nearly twenty minutes the onset of "Stonewall " Jackson's entire division, under a murderous concentric fire of musketry. When the brigade arrived, the battle was continued until 9 in the evening, when
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the enemy was repulsed, although he continued to hold his own line. About midnight, Gen. King, who had been promoted to Division Commander, ordered a retreat by the Bethlehem road to Manassas Junction, where they arrived next morning, having been compelled to leave a number of their wounded and hospital attendants to fall into the hands of the enemy. August 30, the Second, having been temporarily consolidated with the Seventh Wisconsin, moved with the brigade in the second line of battle, to assault the enemy's left, posted in a thick wood. While engaged in assaulting this position, the success of the rebel attack upon the left flank of our army made it necessary to fall back. The "Iron Brigade " formed in line of battle, and retained the position until the entire army had passed in safety on the road to Centerville. Concerning this movement an eye witness writes: "Gibbon's* brigade covered the rear, not leaving the field until after 9 o'clock at night, gathering up stragglers as they marched, and showing so steady a line that the enemy made no attempt to molest them."
The brigade also participated in the movements of the army under the command of Gen. McClellen, and, on the 14th of September, was assigned the duty of storming Turner's Pass, of South Mountain, where the rebels were strongly posted in a gorge. The assault commenced about half-past 5 in the afternoon, the Second Regiment leading on the left of the road, and the Sixth and Seventh on the right. At 9 o'clock, the enemy was routed and driven from the Pass. On the 15th, leading Hooker's division, in advance of the entire army, they pursued the retreating rebels through Boonsboro to Antietam Creek, where a skirmish ensued. This move- ment led them to take a prominent part in the battle of Antietam, which commenced the follow- ing day. Early in the morning, the brigade became hotly engaged, dislodging the enemy in their front and occupying his position for two hours, until relieved by fresh troops. On the 19th, they marched to the Potomac and went into camp at Sharpsburg.
On the 20th of October, the Twenty-fourth Michigan was added to the brigade. After many severe marches, the brigade reached Brook's Station, Va., November 5. In the mean- time, Gen. Gibbon having been placed in charge of the division, Col. Cutter of the Sixth took command of the brigade, but was soon succeeded by Gen. Meredith. Taking part in the gen- eral movement of the army, ordered by Gen. Burnside, they left Brook's Station on the 9th of December, and crossed the Rappahannock on the 12th, under fire of the enemy's artillery. In the great battle of Fredericksburg on the 13th, the brigade held an exposed and very important position on the extreme left. During the two days following, they were constantly under arms, retiring safely on the evening of the 15th to the north side of the river. They went into winter quarters on the 23d, near Belle Plain, Va.
On the 20th of January, 1863, they broke camp, and took part in the movement known as the " Mud Campaign." On the 12th of February, the Second and Sixth, under command of Col. Fairchild, proceeded down the Potomac and made an expedition through Cumberland County, Va., capturing a number of horses and mules, seizing a quantity of rebel stores and taking prominent secessionists prisoners. A second expedition, with similar results, was made in March.
The command of the Army of the Potomac having been transferred to Gen. Hooker, the brigade took part in the forward movement toward Fitz Hugh Crossing on the 28th of April. The engineers, with the sharpshooters stationed for their protection, having been discovered and driven back by the enemy, the brigade was formed for the purpose of forcing a passage of the Rappahannock. Companies B, D and E, of the Second, manned the ponton wagons and ran them down to the river, when the whole line advanced on the double-quick under a galling fire from the enemy's rifle-pits. The pontons were launched and instantly filled by men from all the regiments, who pushed across, and, led by the Sixth Wisconsin and the Twenty-fourth Michigan, charged up the heights, carrying the rebel rifle-pits by storm and capturing several hundred prisoners.
A series of rapid movements through Maryland, with unimportant results, then followed, and, on the 30th of June, the brigade formed itself at Marsh Creek, Adams Co., Penn. At
* Gen. Gibbon had been appointed Brigade Commander in May previous.
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an early hour on July 1, they moved cautiously in the direction of Gettysburg. When within a mile of that place they turned to the right, under orders to advance to the support of Gen. Buford's cavalry, then hard pressed by the enemy. The Second, having that day the lead of the marching column, first met the advancing enemy. The regiment came into line on the double-quick behind a slight elevation, and, without waiting for the rest of the brigade to form, advanced over the crest, receiving a volley which cut down over thirty per cent of the rank and file. With true Wisconsin bravery, they dashed upon the enemy's center and crushed it, thus checking the rebel advance. After a conflict of half an hour's duration, the rebels abandoned the field, leaving over 800 prisoners, including Gen. Archer and the Second Mississippi, with its colors, in the hands of the brigade. They stubbornly resisted the re-enforced assaults of the enemy that soon followed and pursued him from Gettysburg, on the 6th, toward the Potomac, camping at Warrentown Junction, Va., on the 25th.
The Iron Brigade was employed in picket and guard duty on the Rappahannock and Rapi- dan until the 10th of October, when they took part in the vigorous campaign that followed, fre- quently meeting and repulsing largely superior forces of rebels. On the 28th of December, the total number of men belonging to the Seventh, present with the army, was 249. Of these, 211 re-enlisted as veterans. On the 21st, 227 of the Sixth also re-enlisted, and at various dates during the month forty members of the Second had done likewise. The veterans of the Sixth and Seventh were mustered into service January 1, 1864, and those of the Second soon after- ward. The veterans of these regiments were then allowed short furloughs to visit their homes, and in March were assigned to position as First Brigade, Fourth Division, Fifth Army Corps.
Accompanying the grand forward movement of the army of the Potomac, under Gens. Grant and Meade, the Iron Brigade, commanded by Gen. Cutler, broke camp at Culpeper on the night of May 3, crossed the Rapidan at Germania Ford and marched in the direction of Chancellorsville. On the morning of the 5th, a line of battle was formed in the Wilderness. They advanced by companies through a heavy growth of pine and underbrush and soon encoun- tered the enemy's line. At a distance of forty paces, the enemy, directly in front, poured in a terrible fire, which was returned with such effect as to throw the rebels into disorder. Our troops immediately charged with the bayonet, and at this point Corporal George A. Smith,* Company H, Seventh Regiment, rushed forward and captured the battle-flag of the Forty-eighth Virginia. The brigade continued to advance, driving the enemy to his second line, which was also routed, "the severe fire from our ranks, strewing the ground with dead and dying." After driv- ing the enemy a mile and a half through the timber, he was re-enforced, and the Iron Brigade compelled to fall back to its original position, where the line was re-formed. At dusk they advanced to within seventy five yards of the rebel lines, where they lay on their arms all night. At daylight next morning the battle was resumed, and the brigade participated in the grand charge upon the rebels in front, forcing them steadily back until re-enforcements reached them, when another retreat became necessary. During the day, after two unsuccessful attempts. to break our lines, the enemy, having massed his troops and made a determined assault, was again repulsed with great slaughter. During this assault, Gen. Wadsworth, division commander, was killed. The command then devolved upon Gen. Cutler, Col. Robinson, of the Seventh, assuming command of the brigade. On the 10th of June, Col. Bragg, of the Sixth, became brigade commander.
On the 8th of May, while preparing breakfast near Spottsylvania Court House, the brigade was ordered forward. After a severe contest, they were compelled to fall back a mile, when they rallied and drove the enemy over the ground where they had just fought, and, taking a strong position within three hundred yards of the enemy's works, successfully resisted several attempts to dislodge them. On the evening of the 9th, the enemy drove in our pickets and established a body of sharpshooters within fifty yards of our breastworks. Sixty men from the Seventh vol- unteered to drive these sharpshooters out, and did so. The next day was spent in attempting to charge the enemy's works, but the brigade was driven back each time. The 11th was occupied
*Killed on the field later in the action.
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in shelling and skirmishing on both sides. On this day, the Second, having been reduced to less than one hundred men, and having lost both field officers, who were wounded and in the hands of the enemy, was detailed as provost guard of the Fourth Division, thus severing its connection with the Iron Brigade.
On the morning of the 12th, the brigade again took part in an unsuccessful assault, shortly after which they moved about three miles to the left, to the support of the Second Corps. Here they occupied a position on the right of Gen. Hancock's troops, standing in deep mud and keeping up a constant fire for the protection of the troops who were at work on the fortifications. From constant firing, their guns became so foul that it was necessary to send details of men to wash the guns while their comrades kept up the fire. In many instances, the weariness of the men was so overpowering, having been under fire day and night since the morning of the 8th, that they lay down in the mud and slept under the enemy's fire, notwithstanding the exer- tions of the officers to keep them awake. Early on the following morning the brigade was relieved.
Participating in the movement of our army to the left, they marched from this place late in the evening. Their next fight occurred near Jericho Ford, on the Po River, where, after a two hours' engagement on the evening of the 23d, the rebels were driven from the field in disorder. The conduct of the brigade in this action was highly complimented by the officers of the army.
Similar scenes were enacted and like hardships endured by this gallant body of men, now whittled away by death and disease to a mere corporal's guard in comparison with its former pro- portions, until the final and death blow to rebellion had been dealt. After this, they partici- pated in the battles of Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, Hatcher's Run and Five Forks, and, when Richmond had fallen, took part in the grand review at Washington. Under orders to report to Gen. Logan, commanding the Army of the Tennessee, the Sixth and Seventh moved by rail and steamer to Louisville, Ky., arriving on the 22d of June, 1865, where the Seventh was mustered out of service on the 3d of July, and reached Madison on the 5th. The Sixth was mustered out on the 14th of July. On reaching the capital of the State, they were the recipi- ents of an enthusiastic reception. At the conclusion of the ceremonies, the words of command were given, the bronzed veterans wheeled to the right, drums and fifes struck up their stormy music, and, with guns at right shoulder shift, and bayonets beaming in the slant sunbeams under the green arches of the summer trees, the last organized fragment of the old Iron Brigade, bear- ing the rent and shot-torn banners on which are inscribed the names of such historic battles as South Mountain, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, The Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Peters- burg, Weldon Railroad, Hatcher's Run and Five Forks, passed on, to dissolve and disappear from men's eyes forever, but to live immortal in history and in the memory of a grateful people.
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