USA > Alabama > Hand-book of Alabama. A complete index to the state, with map > Part 23
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In Alabama we have the lease system at its best, but it is a vicious one. By engaging in it the State admits its inability to deal with those who violate the laws. No idea of improve- ment or reform enters into it. The object of the contractor is to make money. Ile can have no other. The business is un- pleasant and only profit can reconcile one to engage in it. Do not be too hard on the contractor. Were we in his place we would do like him. Can he be expected to undertake the reformation of convicts when the State shrinks from the task? There is no obligation on him to do it. "It is not so nominated in the bond." But can the children of a man who employs another to enforce discipline in his family be expected to make good men and women? Neither can the violators of the law be improved when the State gives up to a contractor the administration of her penal laws. It is useless to repeat here the innumerable objections that have been urged against it. Let us hope that its days are numbered.
COUNTY CONVICTS.
It would require to much space to attempt an account here of the county convict system. It is fully described in the re- ports of the inspectors, from 1884 to 1890. It is not so good
and also labor in building Wetumpka branch road. The gross expenses do not em- brace many items paid from the general fund, but not charged to penitentiary.
# The gross receipts embrace the estimated value of further labor in payment of the State farm, in building the branch railroad and in improvements at the walls; while the gross expense do not include many items paid from general fund, but not charged against penitentiary.
§ The gross receipts embrace the estimated value of further labor in payment of State farm and improvements at walls, ete., while the gross expenses do not include inany items paid from general fund, though not charged against penitentiary.
if The gross receipts embrace estimated improvements, while expenses do not in- cInde some items paid from general fund.
** The gro-" receipts are actual earnings. The expenses include everything ex- cept court costs.
18
266
HAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
as the State system, and its only object is to make money to keep up the fine and forfeiture in the several counties.
Suffice it to say here that it possesses all the evils and but few of the advantages of the State system.
INSPECTORS OF THE PENITENTIARY SINCE 1868:
NAME APPOINTED
TERM EXPIRED.
J. A. MOCUTCHIN, July 5, 1868 March 1, 1871
JOHN WEISS,
BAKER KYLE, (colored) 66
I. W. SUTTLE, March 1, 1871 March 1, 1873
W. H. ODIONE,
JAS. THADDEUS,
H. C. BRYAN, (colored) March 1, 1873
March 1, 1875
S. D. OLIVER,
G. L. ZIMMERMAN,
J. M. BRADFORD, March 1, 1875
March 1, 1879
A. T. GOODWYN,
66
March 1, 1881
J. H. JUDKINS,
A. G. SIMPSON,
March 1, 1879
April 1881
J. T. MCDONALD, t
March 1, 1881 April, 1881
March, 1883
R. H. DAWSON,
March 1, 1883
March 1, 1885
A. T. HENLEY,
W. D. LEE,
66
INSPECTORS OF CONVICTS-PRESIDENTS OF THE BOARD :
NAME
APPOINTED TERM EXPIRED March 1, 1891
R. H. DAWSON,
March 1, 1885
R. II. DAWSON, March 1, 1891
ASSOCIATE INSPECTORS.
A. T. HENLEY,
March 1, 1885
W. D. LEE,
A. T. HENLEY, W. D. LEE,
March 1, 1887
March 1, 1887 March 1, 1889
* Died.
t Vice James Kent.
March 1, 1889
March 1, 1883
JAS. KENT,*
PART EIGHTH.
THE COUNTIES OF ALABAMA-DESCRIPTION AND STATISTICS OF .*
AUTAUGA COUNTY.
. Established by act of Alabama Territorial Legislature, No- vember 21, 1818. Territory taken from Montgomery county. Name, Indian ; derived from large creek, Autauga, that flows through the centre of the county, and said to mean "land of plenty." Lies in the centre of the State, and borders on the Alabama river. Surface, undulating. Area, square miles, 660. Aeres, improved, 69,717 ; unimproved, 300,167; total, 369,884. Population, t white, 4,722; colored, 8,487; all others, 121; to- tal, 13,330. County seat, Prattville ; population, 724. Other principal towns, Autaugaville, Kingston and Mulberry. As- sessed value of property 1891, real, $979,260.00; personal, $964,193.00. Rate of tax, for all purposes, on property, 7 mills. County debt, none. Railroads, completed, East Ten- nessee, Virginia & Georgia (Alabama division), 7.24 miles main track ; Louisville & Nashville (South & North Alabama division), 7.98 miles main track ; uncompleted, Montgomery, Tuskaloosa & Memphis. Telegraph, 15.22 miles of poles. Newspaper, Progress, weekly, Prattville. Church and school facilities, good. Climate and health, excellent. Manufacto- ries, Pratt gin works and Prattville mills, at Prattville; Autaugaville factory, Planters' factory and Lehman mills.
. There are sixty-six counties in the State, for an alphabetical table of which, see page 100, ante.
+ All the population statisties in this book are from the census of 1890.
268
HAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
Lands, light, with clay subsoil; river and creek bottoms very fertile ; price, $1.50 to $15.00 per acre; well watered and tim- bered ; unappropriated government lands in county, 640 acres. Chief products, yellow pine timber, cotton, corn, oats and potatoes. Productions in 1889 *- cotton, acres in 34,858; bales, 10,431 ; value, $499,575 ; corn, acres in, 19,463 ; bushels, 216,082; oats, acres in, 1,989 ; bushels, 20,933. Water powers, numerous and valuable.
BALDWIN COUNTY.
Established by act of Mississippi Territorial Legislature, December 21, 1809. Original territory taken from Washing- ton county, but since added to. Named in honor of Abraham Baldwin, the Georgia statesman. Lies in the southwestern part of the State, on Mobile Bay. Area, 1,620 square miles : woodland, all, except coast marshes ; rolling pine lands, 900 square miles ; pine flats, 720 square miles. Acres, improved, 40,763 ; unimproved, 772,882; total, 813,645. Population, white, 5,635 ; colored, 3,306; total, 8,941. County seat, Daphne ; population, 549. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $1,096,587.00; personal, 81,177,823.00; total, 82,274,410.00. Rate of tax in 1891, for all purposes, 5 mills. Debt in 1890, none. Railroads, Louisville & Nashville (Mobile & Montgomery division), 30 miles, main track. Telegraph, 60 miles of poles. Newspaper, Times, weekly, Daphne. Climate and health, excellent. Soils, sandy and unproductive in parts, in others, fertile. County well watered and timbered. Price of lands, $1.00 to $5.00 per acre. Unappropriated government land in county, 72,800 acres. Chief products, timber, cotton, corn, sweet potatoes, sugar cane, turpentine and wood. Products in 1889 + -- cotton, acres in, 1,487 ; bales, 663 ; value, 831,540.00; corn, acres in, 2,679; bushels, 49,147; oats, acres in, 114; bushels, 1,460.
* From census of 1890
t From census of 1890.
269
THE COUNTIES.
BARBOUR COUNTY.
Established by act approved December 18, 1832. Territory taken from Pike county and Creek cession. Named in honor of James Barbour, Governor of Virginia. Lies in southeast Alabama. Area, 888 square miles ; oak and hickory uplands, with long leaf pine, 638 square miles; blue marl lands, 250 square miles ; woodland, all. Acres, improved, 299,057 ; unim- proved, 261,302; total, 560,359. Population, whites, 13,321 ; colored, 21,576 ; all others, 1; total, 34,898. County seat,. Clayton, population, 997 ; Eufaula. population; 4,394. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, 82,582,980.00 ; personal, $2,- 454,885.00; total, $5,037,865.00. Rate of tax in 1891 for all purposes - per cent. Debt in 1890, $87,000.00. Railroads, miles main track, Eufaula & East Alabama, 46.80; Mont- gomery & Eufaula, 20.39; Southwestern, .80. Telegraph, 71.20 miles of poles. Newspapers, 3 .* Banks, 3 ; capital, 8259,- 000.00.1 Church and school facilities, health and climate excellent. Lands, $2.50 to $20.00 an acre. County well watered and timbered. Unappropriated government land in county, 480 acres. Surface undulating. Soil generally fertile. Chief products-cotton, corn, sweet potatoes, pork, molasses, and live stock. Products in 1889 # -cotton, acres, 104,738; bales, 33,440; value, $1,565,281.00 ; corn, acres, 64,826 ; bush- els, 593,348; oats, acres, 8,654; bushels, 59,976.
BIBB COUNTY.
Established by act February 28, 1818, by name of " Cahaba." Name changed to " Bibb," in honor of William W. Bibb, first Governor of Alabama, by act of December 4, 1820. Lies near the centre of the State. Area, 625 square miles ; hilly lands, with long leaf pine, 325 square miles ; Cahaba coal field, 125 square miles ; Roup's valley, 100 square miles ; valley lands
* For the names of these newspapers and where published, see Appendix.
t For the names of these banks and where located, see Appendix.
# From census of 1890.
----
·
270
HAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
south of Cahaba coal field, 75 square miles ; woodland, all. Acres, improved, 48,063; unimproved, 286,600 ; total, 334,749. Population, white, 9,044 ; colored, 4,780 ; total, 13,824. County seat, Centreville ; population, 839. Other principal towns, Scottsville, Six Mile, Blocton, Randolph, Greenpond, and Brierfield. Assessed value of property in 1801, real, $837,659.00 ; personal, $934,877 ; total, $1,772,536.00. County debt, none. Total rate of tax on property, 1891, - per cent. Railroads completed, miles main track, Alabama Great Southern, 5.32 miles : Cahaba Coal Mining Company's, 8.10 miles ; East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia (Alabama divis- ion), 14.85 miles ; Birmingham Mineral, 2.55 miles; uncom- pleted, Montgomery, Tuskaloosa & Memphis. Telegraph, 32.72 miles of poles. Newspapers, Labor Advocate, Blocton ; Bibb Blade, Centreville; Courier, Woodstock. Good church and school facilities, and best health and climate. Lands well watered and timbered ; prices $2.50 to $20.00 an acre. Unap- propriated government lands in county, 2,880 acres. Soil, fer- tile, especially in the valley of the Cahaba. Products-coal, iron, cotton, small grain, corn, sugar cane, sweet potatoes, peas, beans and pork. Crops in 1889 *- cotton, acres, 15,098; bales, 5,216; value, $237,654.00; corn, aeres, 19,448; bushels, 254,- 277; oats, acres, 3,441 ; bushels, 33,891. In minerals-coal and iron, Bibb ranks among the first counties of the State, and its timber resources are fine. Among the industries of Bibb county are, the Brierfield Coal and Coke Works, and the nail factory, foundry and furnace at Brierfield and the Cahaba Coal Mining Company.
BLOUNT COUNTY.
Established by act February 7, 1818, and named for Willie G. Blount, who had been Governor of Tennessee, and who, in 1813, during the Creek war, sent troops to aid the people of Alabama. Lies in the north centre of the State. Area, 752 square miles. Coal measures, 460 square miles. Valley lands, 240 square miles; Brown's valley, 170 square miles; Murphree's
* From census of 1890.
271
THIE COUNTIES.
valley, 70 square miles ; woodland, all. Population, white, 20,115; colored, 1,812; total, 21,927. County seat, Oneonta. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $1,544,141.00; per- sonal, $1,286,611.00; total, 82,831,752.00. County debt, $ .....-. Total rate of tax on property, 1891, -- per cent. Railroads, main track, Birmingham Mineral, 24.05; Louisville & Nash- ville, 19.82 miles. Telegraph, 41.07 miles of poles. Newspa- pers, Chronicle, weekly, Blountville ; Blount County News- Dispatch, weekly, Oneonta. Topography, hilly and mountain- ous, with extensive forests. Soil, good. County well watered. Products, coal, iron, lime, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sweet pota- toes, pork ; coal and iron abound. Crops, in 1889 *- cotton, acres, 28,532 ; bales, 9,708; value, 8451,234.00; corn, aeres, 37,771 ; bushels, 593,219; oats, acres, 10,175 ; bushels, 95,313. County well adapted to stock raising, and produces fine fruits, the Blount county apple being one of the best grown in the State. The industries of the county are varied. Limestone from the quarries at Blount Springs is shipped in large quan- tities to the Birmingham furnaces. Blount Springs, on the Louisville & Nashville railroad, is a favorite watering place for the people of Alabama. Good school and church facilities exist in almost every portion of the county. Lands range in price from $5.00 to $35.00 per acre. Unappropriated govern- ment lands in the county, 5140 acres.
BULLOCK COUNTY.
Established by act of December 5, 1866. Territory taken from Macon, Pike, Montgomery and Barbour counties. Lies in eastern Alabama. Named for E. C. Bullock, of Barbour county. Area, 640 square miles ; prairie region, 300 square miles, 200 of black prairie, ete., and 100 of hill prairie, or Chunnenugga ridge ; oak and hickory uplands, with long leaf pine, 340 square miles ; woodland, all; nearly level. Soil, fertile. Population, white, 6,066 ; colored, 20,996 ; all others, 1; total, 27,063. County seat, Union Springs ; population, 2,049. Other important towns, Midway and Enon. Assessed
* From census of 1890.
272
HIAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
value of property in 1891, real, $1,885,562.00 ; personal, $1,838,- 623.00; total, 83,724,185.00. County debt, none. Total rate of tax, for all purposes, on property, 8} mills. Railroads, miles of main track, Central Railroad of Georgia, (Mont- gomery & Eufaula division) 38; Central Railroad of Georgia, (Mobile & Girard division) 33.25. Telegraph, miles of poles, 72.36. Newspaper, Herald, Union Springs. Banks,* 3. Acres, improved, 281,927 ; unimproved, 166,445 ; total, 385,372. Products, cotton, corn, oats, sweet potatoes, pork, live stock. Crops in 1889 f-cotton, acres, 81,950 ; bales, 30,547 ; value, $1,291,335 ; corn, acres, 51,708, bushels, 562,045 ; oats, acres, 7,223, bushels,50,497. Well watered and timbered; artesian wells abound. Excellent church and school facilities. Lands, $2.50 to $10.00 an acre. Unappropriated government lands, 40 acres.
BUTLER COUNTY.
Established by act of December 13, 1819. Territory taken from Conecuh county. Named for William Butler, one of the first settlers of the county, who was killed by the Indians, near Butler Springs, in March, 1818. Lies in the south centre of the State. Area, 782 square miles. Oak and hickory or brown loam uplands, 332 square miles; pine uplands, 400 square miles ; hill prairie region, 30 square miles ; lime hills, 20 square miles; woodland, all. Soil, fertile, for the most part, and well adapted to the use of commercial fertilizers County well watered and timbered. Health and climate, ex- cellent. Population, white, 11,368; colored, 10,273; total, 21,641. County seat, Greenville ; population, 2,806. Other important towns, Georgiana, Garland, Monterey and Forest Home. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $1,637,417.00 ; personal, $1,537,631.00 ; total, $3,175,048.00. County debt, none. Total rate of taxation, for all purposes, on property, 8} mills. Railroads, miles main track, Louisville & Nashville (Mobile & Montgomery division), 34. Telegraph, miles of poles. 68.
* For names of these banks, and where located, see Appendix.
t Census of 1800.
273
THE COUNTIES.
Newspapers, 4 .* Banks, 1, Greenville. Acres, improved, 94,192; unimproved, 402,443; total, 496,635. Chief products, lumber, cotton, corn, sweet potatoes, pork, live stock. Crops in 1889,-cotton, acres, 47,589 ; bales, 18,200; value, 8865,- 869.00; corn, acres, 31,662; bushels, 415,141; oats, acres, 7,342 ; bushels, 73,618. The orchard receives much attention in this county, and fine apples, peaches and pears are raised. The watermelon also comes to perfection. The county is also well adapted to stock raising, owing to its native clovers and grasses. The timber trees are oak, ash, gum, cedar. poplar, hickory, and the yellow or long leaf pine. Lands, 82.50 to $15.00 an acre. Unappropriated government land, 640 acres.
CALHOUN COUNTY.
Established by act December 18, 1832. Territory taken from Muscogee cession of that year. Original name, " Benton," for Thomas HI. Benton, the Missouri statesman, and author of "Thirty Years View ;" changed by act January 29, 1858, to " Calhoun," for John C. Calhoun, of South Carolina. Lies in northeast Alabama. Area, 640 square miles ; Coosa valley 610 square miles ; Coosa coal fields, 30 square miles ; wood- land, all. Hilly and partly mountainous. Valley lands fertile. County well watered and timbered. Acres, 343,783. Good health and climate. Population, white, 23,891 ; colored, 9,941; all others, 3; total, 33,835. County seat, Jacksonville ; popu- lation, 1,237. Other important cities and towns-Anniston,# population, 9,998 ; Oxford, population, 1,473 ; Oxanna, popula- tion, 748; Cross Plains, Piedmont and Choccolocco. Assessed value of property, 1591, real, 87,323,531.00; personal, $4,256,- 418.00; total, $11,579,949.00. County debt, $7,100. Total rate of tax on property, 1891, - per cent. Railroads-miles of main track, East & West, 35.60; Georgia Pacific, 29; East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia ( Alabama division ), 34.38 ; Louisville & Nashville, ( Alabama Mineral ) 29.70.
* For the names of these newspapers, and where published, see Appendix.
t Census of 1:90.
# For a description of Anniston, see post.
274
HAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
Telegraph, miles of poles, 124.48. Newspapers, 11 .* Banks,. & t : paid up capital, 8709,150.00. County rich in iron ore, marble and limestone. Agricultural products, cotton, corn,. wheat, oats. Well adapted to stock and wool growing. Crops in 1889, #-cotton, acres, 29,212; bales, 11,504; value, 8539,- 489.00 ; corn, aeres, 26,953; bushels, 429,205 ; oats, 9,415 ;. bushels, 101,338. Orchard fruits -apples, peaches, pears, cherries, grapes and plums-come to perfection in this county .. Lands, $5.00 to $50.00 an acre. Unappropriated government land in county, 7,780 acres.
CHAMBERS COUNTY.
Established by act of December 18, 1832. Territory taken from Muscogee cession of that year. Named for Henry Chambers, of Madison county, Alabama. Lies in eastern Alabama. Surface, rolling and hilly ; soil, generally light, with alluvial bottoms ; light lands have clay sub-soil. Area,. 600 square miles ; all metamorphic; woodland, all. Popula- tion, white, 12,244; colored, 14,075; total, 26,319. County seat, La Fayette ; population, 1,369. Other important towns, Bluffton, Cusseta, Fredonia and Milltown. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $1,817,054.00 ; personal, 81,541,658.00 ; total, $3.358,712.00. County debt, 1890, $15,000. Total rate of county tax on property, - per cent. Railroads, miles main track, Western of Alabama, (Montgomery division) 14.25 ; Central Railroad of Georgia, (East Alabama Railroad). 30 ; Central Railroad of Georgia, (Savannah & Western Railroad) 4.50. Telegraph, miles of poles, 75.25. Bank, La Fayette, 1, paid up capital, $50,000.00. Newspaper. LaFayette Sun, weekly. Produets, cotton, corn, wheat, oats, sweet potatoes; pork, livestock. Crops in 1889 $-cotton, acres, 79,865 ; bales, 27,276; value. $1,348,152.00 ; corn, acres, 45,297; bushels, 504,273 ; oats, acres, 8,262 ; bushels, 63,229. Acres, improved. 177,939 ; unimproved. 204,000 ; total, 381,939. Timber, Span- ish, white and post oaks, and yellow or long leaf pine. County
· For names of newspapers and where published, see Appendix.
t For names of banks and where located. see Appendix.
# Census of 1:10.
§ Census of 1890.
275.
THE COUNTIES.
peculiarly suited to the production of peaches, and all southern fruits do well. County watered by the Tallapoosa and Chat- tahoochee rivers and their tributaries. Minerals found in the county, iron ore, corundum, granite, graphite, and a beautiful soap stone of gray and blue, which admits of as fine a polish as marble. Manufactories, corn and wheat mills, and two cotton factories on the Chattahoochee river. * Excellent climate and health. Water for domestic uses abundant and superior. Good system of free schools and good church advantages. Lands, $2.00 to $10.00 an acre. Unappropriated government lands in county, none.
CHEROKEE COUNTY.
'Established by act January 9, 1836. Territory acquired from Cherokee Indians in 1835, hence the name. Lies in northeastern Alabama. Hilly and mountainous; large forests- of oak, pine, etc. Soil, fertile in the valleys. Area, 586 square miles ; woodland, all ; coal measures of Lookout mountain, 150 square miles ; Coosa valley, etc., 436 square miles. Popu- lation, white, 17,625 ; colored, 2.834; total, 20,459. County seat, Centre, on Coosa river ; population, 347. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $1,786,934.00; personal, $955,159.00 ; total, 82,742,093.00. County debt, 1892, none. Total rate of tax, for all purposes, on property, 11 mills. Railroads, miles of main track, East & West, 1.30; East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia, (Decatur branch) 25; East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia, (Alabama division) 11.63. Telegraph, miles of poles. 36.43. Newspapers, 3 .¡ Products, iron ore, coal, limestone, timber, cotton, corn. wheat, oats, sweet potatoes, pork, live stock, etc. Particularly rich in iron ore deposits, and several large furnaces are operated in the county.# Crops in 1889 $- cotton, acres, 28 571; bales, 11,994; value, 8558, 48.00; corn, acres, 30,911 ; bushels, 538,412: oats, acres, 7,934; bushels, 68,754. Acres, improved, 78,527 : unimproved, 274,125 ; total,
* For description of these factories, see "Cotton Mills in Alabama," post.
t For the name- of these newspapers and where published. see Appendix.
* For a description of these furnaces, see "Iron Work- in Pabama," post. § Censu- of 1890.
276
HAND-BOOK OF ALABAMA.
352,652. Orchard fruits grow to perfection in this county, and the vine is cultivated with success. Owing to the natural grasses, stock raising is profitable. Forest trees, oaks, hickory, chestnut, and short and long leaf pine. Water supply abund- ant. County traversed by the Coosa, Chattooga, Yellow and Little rivers, and several large creeks. The Coosa divides the county in two, and imparts to it fertility and beauty. Valu- able water powers are to be found in the county. Climate and health unsurpassed, and excellent school and church facilities. Lands, $2.50 to $25.00 an acre. Unappropriated government land in the county, 1,440 acres.
CHILTON COUNTY.
Established by act of December 30, 1868. Territory taken from Autauga, Shelby, Bibb and Perry counties. Original name, Baker, for Alfred Baker, a resident of the county ; name changed in 1875 to Chilton, for William P. Chilton. Lies in the centre of the State. Surface, undulating. Area, 710 square miles ; woodland, all; gravelly hills, with long leaf pine, 410 square miles ; metamorphic slate region, 220 square miles ; valley lands, 80 square miles. Soil. fertile. Popula- tion, white, 11,433 ; colored, 3,116; total, 14,549. County seat, Clanton ; population, 623. Other important places, Verbena, Maplesville and Mountain Creek. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $904,206.00; personal, $1,436,411.00; total, $2,340,617.00. County debt, 1892, none. Total rate of county tax on property, 34 mills. Railroads --- miles of main track, East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia (Selma division), 12.52; Louisville & Nashville (South & North Alabama), 32.72; un- completed, Montgomery, Tuskaloosa & Memphis. Telegraph, miles of poles, 45.24. Newpaper, Chilton View, weekly, Clan- ton. Extensive pine forests in county, and iron, copper, silver, gold, miea and graphite are found. Copper and gold mines have been operated with success. Many large saw mills in the county. The county is well watered, and is drained by the Coosa and Cahaba rivers and a number of large creeks. Health and climate, excellent, and churches and schools are
277
THE COUNTIES.
numerous. Verbena and Mountain Creek are summer resorts for the people of Montgomery. Agricultural products, cotton, corn, oats, sweet potatoes and rice. Crops in 1889 *- cotton, acres, 15,950; bales, 6,233 ; value, 8298,401 ; corn, acres, 18,- 076; bushels, 223,473; oats, acres, 3,990; bushels, 38,785. Lands $1.00 to $15.00 an acre. Unappropriated government land in the county, 3,320 acres.
CHOCTAW COUNTY.
Established by act of December 29, 1847. Territory taken from Sumter and Washington counties. Name derived from the Choctaw tribe of Indians, who inhabited the county. Lies in southwestern Alabama. Surface, undulating and hilly. Soil, fertile in parts and light in parts. Area, 916 square miles ; oak and hickory and long leaf pine uplands, 816 square miles ; lime hills, 100 square miles. Population, white, 8,110; colored, 9,412; all others, 4; total, 17,526. County seat, But- ler. Other towns, Bladon Springs, Mt. Sterling, Pushmataha. Acres in county, 553,776. Assessed value of property in 1891, real, $794,552.00 ; personal, 8454,716.00; total, $1,249,268.00. County debt, 1892, none. Total rate of tax, for all purposes, on property, 11 mills. County at present without railroads, but the projected route of the Pensacola & Memphis railroad passes through it. Newspapers, 2.+ Products, timber, cotton, corn, sweet potatoes, pork, live stock. Orchard fruits do well, especially peaches and pears. Crops in 1889 # - cotton, acres, 37,202 ; bales, 13,586 ; value, 8623,878.00 : corn, acres, 24,435 ; bushels, 351,207 ; oats, acres, 2,410: bushels, 21,401. County well watered. The Tombigbee river, which bounds it on the east, and which is navigable throughout the year, affords the county transportation facilities. County abounds in superior springs, both of freestone and mineral waters. Bladon Springs, in the southeastern part of the county, is a noted watering place. The climate and health of the county are good, and
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