USA > California > Monterey County > History of Monterey County, California : with illustrations descriptive of its scenery, farms, residences, public buildings, factories, hotels, business houses, schools, churches, and mines : with biiographical sketches of prominent citizens > Part 21
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COUNTY BOARD OF EDUCATION.
Resolutions have been passed hy the Board (May, 1881) to the effect that, as authorized by law, diplomas of graduation from the public schools will he issued to those who, examined at the same time as applicants for teachers' certificates, shall obtain an average of 75 per cent. upon the total number of credits allowed for the following branches: Reading, writing, spelling, arithmetic, grammar, geography, word analysis, U. S. history and elementary physiology.
No applicant must obtain less than half the number of credits allowed for spelling, arithmetic or grammar.
Each applicant must present a written recommendation as to character and qualifications from the teacher of the school last attended.
NOTES ON THE FOLLOWING TABLE.
Only eight negro children are reported, two in Franklin District and six in Monterey, and none of them attend school.
Thirty-five children have attended private schools but no public schools during the year.
There are fifteen Indian children between 5 and 17, and seven under 5. Six of them attend school.
There are fifteen Mongolian children under 17 in Monterey, none of them attending school. Three Mongolian children are reported as attending school in Bay Distriet, and two non-attendants.
There are two deaf and dumb children between 5 and 21 years of age, both in Castroville.
SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT.
Following is Superintendent S. M. Shearer's report for the year ending June 30, 1880, showing the number of school chil- dren in Monterey county between five and seventeen years of age, and the number under five years of age.
NAME OF DISTRICT.
White children be- tween 5 and 17.
Chukiren under
tending school
No. of children
during year.
"No. who have|
Arroyo Seco.
16
22
38
38
Blanco
39
27
66
39
54
12
Bay .
31
36
67
41
42
25
Berna be
53
29
82
45
37
45
Buena Vista
14
20
34
21
20
3
Castroville.
139
107
246
108
214
40
Catarina .
44
36
80
45
62
17
Carmelo
26
28
54
29
9
45
Chalone
8
20
28
10
23
5
Carneros
20
23
43
39
30
12
Carrolton
44
45
89
25
77
12
El Sausal
13
25
38
21
38
Fulton
10
7
17
8
17
Franklin
32
26
58
33
25
35
Glorio.
12
13
25
17
22
3
Guadalupe
20
10
30
12
22
5
Graves.
32
30
62
15
62
Gonzales.
55
66
121
66
50
71
Independence
14
7
21
6
21
. .
Indian Valley
11
7
18
13
14
4
Jacks
27
28
55
35
31
24
Lindley
54
127
47
119
166
179
345
175
195
149
Mountain
24
28
52
17
24
27
Mal Paso
6
12
18
10
8
Natividad
24
33
57
7
30
Oak Grove
28
23
51
17
43
Priest Valley
11
10
21
16
18
2
Pleito.
13
13
26
21
11
Pfeiffer.
6
10
16
5
8
Peach Trec
14
16
30
13
24
Red Rock
25
29
54
24
38
13
Rincon
27
16
43
28
26
17
Spring.
35
25
60
23
41
19
Springfickl
34
21
55
14
43
10
Salinas City.
259
221
480
198
382
98
Sveamore.
25
21
46
13
12
34
San Antonio.
34
35
69
23
29
40
Santa Rita.
57
59
116
21
63
53
Sur ..
17
20
37
18
19
18
Soledad.
12
13
25
16
14
11
Sante Fe ..
12
8
20
10
10
San Miguel.
13
17
30
11
23
1
Tularcitos.
9
19
21
8
9
12
Washington
67
49
116
29
80
36
Warm Spring
17
22
39
11
32
7
Totals
#1696
1601
3297
1388
2223
1041
27
27
54
12
40
14 8
Monterey
Girls ...
Tutal. ..
White.
bet. 5 & 17 at. White.
not attended White.
. .
..
Long Valley
73
Shearer
8
9
17
5
10
7
9
27 8
15 8 3
Boys ..
..
104
ASSESSMENT ROLL OF MONTEREY COUNTY, 1851.
ASSESSMENT ROLL
OF MONTEREY COUNTY FOR THE YEAR 1851.
Below we present a list of the tax-payers (or rather the Assessment Roll) of Monterey county for the year 1851. Old residenters, we are sure, will take much pleasure in seeing the names of their former acquaintances. The rate of taxation was only twenty-five cents on the $100. The assessment of Francisco Pacheco, the largest tax-payer in the county, we print in full, in order to show the valuation of different kinds of property :-
FRANCISCO PAOHECO.
1,100 00
*Henry Cocks.
2,200 00
7,147 00
Antonio Mendez
Calletano Lugo
600 00
450 00
Dennis McCarty
1,000 00
17,780 acres pas. land (@) 50c ..
8,890 00
762 00
Abraham Solomon
200 00
1 house on same ..
George Kempt
500 00
Jobn A. Barban.
900 00
10 yoke bullocks @@ $50
William Richardson
5,300 00
7,000 wild cattle at @ $10
Rafael Gonzalez
10,750 00
R. C. M. Hoyt
1,250 00
100 sheep at @@ $3.50
Joaquin Soto
21,547 00
John Morrison
720 00
10 small swine @@ $4
Guade Soberanes .
325 00
30 working horses @ $50.
James Watson
4,970 00
8 mules (@ $45
David Spence
1.760 00
1 carriage
John Morris.
500 00
2 wagons (@ $75
150 00
*Carmel Pinto
2,397 00
3 lots-in St. Johns
*Judah T. Davis
4,250 00
425 00
1 lot in Monterey
*Rosa Avalia.
1,900 00
3,120 00
House on same
James Cullman.
1,130 00
11,121 00
1 lot on Spence street
Joseph Boston & Co
1,596 00
Cash on band.
Milton Little
Furniture
Samuel Combs.
300 00
Curtis & Loveland
4,550 00
Vincente Cantua
10,314 00
Total
$152,989 75
21,328 00
*Santiago Moreno
900 00
*Juan Ansala
6,416 00
Felipe Arecia, Pilarcitos.
4,200 00
A. Soto, Pilarcitos.
500 00
Dolores Vasquez.
Estate of Juan Malarin
27,516 50
S. Cariago
3,325 00
Jones & Goodman, Carmelo ..
3,000 00
*Rafael Estrada
11,974 25
J. E. Espeveria
4,077 00
John Johnson,
357 00
Robert King
1,800 00
Edward Scott,
1,120 00
*James Stokes.
18,553 00
*Jose E. Boronda.
450 00
Antonio Roies,
Concepcion Boronda
1,600 00
J. Rosalas, Redwood Ranch - - -
500 00
*Hudnot & Ireland, Carmelo .. Cornelius Silivar,
600 00
W. H. Chevers.
100 00
Antonio Lima
350 00
Graviel de Latre,
.. .
2,475 00
*David Jacks
270 00
Rufina Castro
1,300 00
Manuel Dias
2,810 00
*James A. Gray
150 00
John Caldwell,
=
1,290 00
*Leopold Cohn & Co 1,800 00
Aaron Lyons
1,240 00
Juan Romero.
=
540 00
Isadore Soto,
=
300 00
Manuel Tabous
John B. Spitter
200 00
Jonas Tofs,
400 00
Jose M. Lowreyn
3,550 00
Chas. Wbite and Juo. Carney
40,023 00
Josiah Merritt, =
500 00
Bernardino Vasquez.
9,975 00
John Gerandeno
1,550 00
*Theodore· Gonzalez.
32,772 00
Charles Wolters
19,660 00
Patrick Breen
6,449 00
Manuel Darias.
24,082 00
Jesse Smitb
1,000 00
Thomas B. Jeffray,
550 00
Scott Wilson
1,480 00
Edward Smith
830 00
Haydons & Harrison
600 00
Jose Maria Sanchez
59,880 00
*Juan Boronda
3,823 00
Jose Antonio Vallejo
37,340 50
* Antonio M. Vasquez
300 00
Manuel Dutra
2,000 00
Jose C. Vallejo
21,000 00
Jose Espinosa
*John A. Swan.
5,552 50
Manuel Dias
7,706 00
Domingo Vasquez.
Andrew Watson 450 00
*Jose Espinosa
5,525 00
Mariana N. Lugo
400 00 *Thomas Bralee
375 00
*Albert Trescony 23,400 00
Pedro Vasquez
600 00
Edward Tierney
375 00
4.930 00
Maria E. Martinez
1,390 00
James Renny
75 00
Mariano Soberanes.
10,693 00
Antonio Martinez
1,200 00
Jobn MeElroy
475 00
James Gleason. 2,200 00
John Rous
400 00 Charles Layton
600 00
Santiago Estrada
11,875 00
" Those marked with a stor are now dend.
480 00
William Miller
435 00
*Jose Garcia
*Felipe Gomez 550 00
35,576 acres pas. land (@) 25c .. $ 8,894 00
Andoniah Valleck
4,447 acres pas. land @@ $2.25 .. 11,112 75
6,000 00
1,000 00
Harris G. Avery
1,500 00
10 milch cows @@ $20
500 00
7,323 50
John Ryan.
70,000 00
42,075 00
Rafael Galento
100 00
30 large swine (@ $16
40 00
7,000 00
*Robert Ord.
1,500 00
28,100 00
Frederick R. Coyan
320 00
William Matthews
100 00
600 00
150 00
*Jose E. Boronda.
5,072 50
1,000 00
*William Johnson
*James Meadows.
1,000 00
*Jose Antonio Espinosa
23,880 50
A. Garcia
17.646 00
James Mackinley
4,550 00
*Manuel Castro
John H. Hoffman
400 00
*Jose Antonio Alviso
Hypoute Peyron
4,050 00
R. Daniels, Carmelo
226 00
2,600 00
Pedro Estrada
1,100 00
William Roacb
Cruz Cervantes.
17,258 00
William E. Hartnell
2,700 00
*G. Sanchez.
2,000 00
John Brown.
=
1,250 00
Edward Clay,
Jose Ahrego.
24,381 00
Ignacio Anser.
*Juan B. Alvarado
14,437 00
S. M. St. John
1,190 00
Jose Bartolo,
Johu Hut
200 00
1,300 00
* Arata & Ping
8,774 00
Briggs & Evensfield,
2,410 00
*Woodside & Lyons,
800 00
*Francisco Rico
9,709 25
Frederick Ohm,
250 00
*J. F. Dye.
6,999 00
*Jacob P. Leese
15.668 00
Leese, Green, Snyder, Yull, Taylor, Alvarado and Hart- nell, mine interest, etc.
50,000 00
Rafael Mota
6,063 00
Pedro Espinosa
2,750 00
James Cheney 225 00
Angel Castro
4,045 00
5,173 50
Bernard Conner
* Albert Trescony & Co
Jose M. Boronda.
1,450 00
400 00
23,346 00
1,655 00
41,549 75
*Francis Doud
Charles Lawson
11,847 00
Telciano Soberanes
300 00
340 00
$81,414 50
Salvadora Munras
2,433 00
7,750 00
350 00
480 00
Trinela Espinosa
200 00
*Mariano Soberanes
Mariano Soberanes
2,000 00
50,000 00
200 00
1,020 00
4,100 00
=
John Robertson,
· 300 00
RESIDENCE OF JOHN BREEN, SAN JUAN, SAN BENITO CO. CAL .
RESIDENCE OF PATRICK BREEN, SAN JUAN, SAN BENITO CO, CAL.
105
THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE EARLY COURTS.
Vincente Gomez
50 00
W. S. King
983 00
Philip A. Roach
2,706 25
Edward Kennedy
150 00
*James L. Ord
1,300 00
Isaae E. Owens.
100 00
Jobn B. Phillips
683 00
Jose Amesta
1,500 00
John S. Owens
100 00
William Bowen.
450 00
James Browning
300 00
David R. Jones
200 00
Toomes & Toms
6,210 00
John Barber
200 00
*Captain Halleck
150 00
E. Brown
687 00
James Doyle
500 00
*E. L. Williams.
Silas T. Elsworth
852 00
Edward T. Ames
200 00
Domingo Vasquez.
580 00
Francisco Arins
3,640 00
*Juan Escobar.
787 00
Jacinto Rodriguez
2,900 00
Francis Granada
600 00
Simeon Castro.
23,694 00
J. S. Dickinson
3,726 00
Bonita Dias
2,300 00
Jobn Myers
1,000 00
*J. McMahon.
100 00
James Anthony .
645 00
David Littlejohn.
Joaquin Botero
6,420 00
Francisco Palacio
780 00
Dr. Taylor.
1,750 00
Andrew G. Randall
9,361 00
S. E. Woodworth
770 00
Jobn B. Mason
625 00
Jobn Wilson
2,000 00
Juan Jose Rankle ..
580 00
Dr. McKee
600 00
Charles White.
320 00
*Mrs. Romie
10,919 00
*John Wallaco
400 00
City of Monterey
John B. R. Cooper
32,179 00
Santa Rosea.
75 00
* William D. Robinson
William Roach
6,773 00
Peter Davis
3.523 00
Thomas Allen
Thomas Cole
2,370 00
G. W. Ball
Charles H. St. Jobn
4,150 00
Samuel Belcher
250 00
Edward S. Canby
100 00
Manuel Juanero
10,865 00
" Those marked with a star are now dead
FIRST JURY TRIALS AND VERDICTS.
THE first grand jury drawn after the organization of the county, was June 10, 1850, by order of the Court of Sessions for Monterey county, as follows: H. Wright, Wm. Bowen, E. Kennedy, James Chaney, Peter Davidson, and Henry - Cocks. The next day " the Court asked Trinadal Espenosa if he was ready for trial, and he answered in the affirmative; whereupon the above-named persons were sworn as jurors in the case. The same day the jury returned a verdict as follows : ' We find a verdict to acquit the prisoner.'" But the records fail to informn us what this trial was about.
At this early date the jury not only found a verdict, but also fixed the punishment or penalty, and we find recorded such verdiets as the following: "Guilty of assault, and assess the fine at 12} cents." Another: " We find the defendant guilty of taking the lumber, and assess a fine of one dollar and costs." Another: "Guilty, and fine the prisoner $25 and one month in the county jail."
HUNG BY AN ARMED MOB.
On date of August 9, 1850. " We, the jury, find the pris- oner, William Otis Hall, guilty of grand larceny, and do award him to be punished by imprisonment in the State Penitentiary for the term of four years." The next day the Sheriff reported to the Court that " between one and two o'clock this morning a party of unknown, armed men broke open the prison, bound and gagged the jailor, and procceded to the cell of Hall by foree of arms, and there produced death upon the prisoner by stran- gulation."
TO BE HUNG FOR GRAND LARCENY.
We find from the records of June 11, 1852, that Francisco Martinez was tried for grand larceny, and the jury " do find the prisoner guilty of the crime alleged in the indictment, and sentence him to death, but at the same time recommend bim to the mercy of the Court." The prisoner was sentenced to be hung on the 6th day of August, 1852. He was, however, pardoned by the Governor August 21st, according to the record. From the differing dates, it is probable that some stay of pro- ceedings had taken place in date of execution, although that fact is not mentioned in the records, which simply state, " Fran- eisco Martinez pardoned, August 21, 1852."
FIRST DIVORCE RECORD.
The following is another of the old records, certified to by the Alcalde of the district, living at Sutter's Fort : " This is to certify, that I, Rebecca Fowler, the lawful wife of Wm. Fowler, have, by my own frec aet, left his 'bed and board,' and do not consider myself longer under his protection and care, and no longer acknowledge his control over me as a husband. Fur- thermore, I do give my consent, without any threats or influence, that said Mr. Fowler should receive a legal divorce from me, dissolving the contracts of matrimony which at this time exist between us.
In witness whereof I have fixed my signature.
JOHN A. SUTTER."
Nueva Helvetia, February 2, 1845.
2,200 00
350 00
E. R. Rane
18,000 00
Petra Allen
380 00
Thomas Smith
21,210 00
Thomas Cole
9,606 00
Jobn Tierney
2,000 00
Thomas O. Larkin
4,650 00
*Charles Botts.
350 00
*Talbot H. Green
1,200 00
2,500 00
350 00
Palmer, Cooke & Co
Isaac S. Wall
4,000 00
1,950 00
150 00
100 00
106
NEWSPAPERS OF MONTEREY COUNTY.
Newspapers of Monterey.
THE following article was written by the editor of the Mont- erey Californian, J. J. Shinabarger, from which paper we obtain it :-
A great deal has been said about the newspapers of this county, the first ones established, we mean. Having been inti- mately connected with them for the most part of the past eleven years, we will attempt to give their history.
THE FIRST NEWSPAPER.
The first paper published in the State was in Monterey -- the Californian-by Walter Colton, in 1846. It lived but a few years and was removed to San Francisco, and its name changed to Alta California, which is yet running as we all know. Next came the Pacific Sentinel, by J McElroy, in 1855-6, afterwards (in 1856) removed to Santa Cruz, where it gravitated into the Santa Cruz Sentinel. Then the Monterey Gazette. Then the Republican, by Mr. Huff, who gave up the paper in 1871, and died in Los Angeles a few years after.
In 1866 or '67 the Monterey Democrat was started by a joint stock association, with Rasey Biven as editor. It was afterwards purchased by J. W. Leigh, its present editor and owner, who, in 1872, removed it to Salinas City. In March, 1869, the Argus was started at Castroville. In 1868 J. S. Brittain started the Salinas Standard, which was the first paper in Salinas City. In 1870 he sold it to Jesse D. Carr and E. M. Reading, the latter being its editor. They, in 1871, transferred it to Harry V. Morehouse, who, in the spring of 1862, removed it to Santa Rita, where it run but a short time under the eog- nomen of the New Republic Journal, half of it being printed in the Spaniah language. Morehouse left it for the more con- genial vocation of school teaching, and J. M. Soto conducted it awhile. He afterwards employed Jose Arzaga (now of the Santa Barbara La Gaceta) to manage the concern. It died a bard death for want of experience at the helm.
SALINAS CITY INDEX.
In the spring (we think March) of 1872, Melville Byerly threw up his paper at Hollister, brought his material over and started the present Salinas City Index, which (and we make the admission freely) has been the leading paper of the county ever since the first day it was issued. It took that rank and has jealously maintained it for nearly a decade. It was started in a little frame tenant building adjoining the Unitedl States (now Central) Hotel on the north-where Sheehy's place of business now is, and we had the honor of working off the first edition. Byerly ran. it until he died, in 1875, when his brother-in-law, S. M. Shearer, present County School Superiu- tendent, took charge, and conductedl it until it was purchased,
in 1876, by W. J. Hill. the present owner and editor. After the county seat was taken away from Monterey, the "ancient city by the sea " had no newspaper until the fall of 1874, when George and Steve Clevenger started the Herald, which died in 1875.
In 1876 Wm. L. LaRose started the present Californian, which he continued to conduct up to the time of his death. In May, 1880, the paper was purchased of his widow by the present proprietors, the Monterey Publishing Company.
The Salina : Democrat is the oldest living paper in the county.
County Statistics.
WE gather the following statistics, says the Salinas Index, from Assessor Carpenter's report, showing the quantity, quality and class of real estate, the amount of improvements on each class and the class of personal property in the county of Monterey, for the year 1879-80, with the average and actual cash value of each kind of property :-
Real estate other than city or town lots .. . $4,655,576
Improvements on same where assessed to 392,800
same owner
City and town lots. 445,613
Improvements on same where assessed to same owner . 353,820
Improvements on all property assessed to others than owners of land.
23,465
Actual cash value of all descriptions of real estate. 5,871,274
Value of personal property 1,233,998
Total value of all property . 7,105,272
There are 762,963 acres of land assessed at an average value of $6.10 per acre.
DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY AND VALUES.
Money ou hand .. $ 18,756|Graded sheep, 4560 @ $1.50 .. $ 6,840
Goods and merchandise. . 105,680 Common sheep, 80,750 @ $1 .. 80,750
Wagons and other vehicles. ..
75,850 Mules, 615 @ $50. 32,250
Harness, robes, suldles. etc .. .
50,340 Hogs, 10,167 @ $2 50. 25,417
Libraries. 3,075 Bee-hives, 3145 @ $1. 3,145
Farming utensils 24,750 Grain, 10,840 tons @ $6.50 .. . 70,280
3,000 Sewing machines, 2965 @ $12. 35,580
American horses, 642 @ $GO. .
Half-breed horses, 3135@ $10. 125,400 Jewelry or plate. 4,500
36,980| Furniture .. 79,550
Colts, 355 @ $10 ..
3,850 Fixtures of saloons, stores, etc. 1,900 Musical instruments, 297 @ ..
12,150
Thoroughbred cows, 19 @ $100
American cows, 3030 @@ $16 .. 48,450 $100. 29,700
Mixed cows, 2545 @ $12.
30,540 Poultry, 4567 :loz. @ $3 13,701
Spanish cows, 675 @ $11 7,425 Fire-arms 2,840
Calves, 1315 @ $3. 4,915 Lumber. 30,000
Stock cattle, 11,454 @ $1 ...
103,OSG | Machinery. 25,728
Goats, 340 @ $1
340 Railroad rolling stock 50,035
TAXES COLLECTED.
The total amount of money collected for taxes in the year 1880, was as follows :-
Assessor
$ 3,676.88
Tax Collector 110,223.84
113,900 72
State's proportion 43,384.89
County property . 70,515.83
Balance on hand in treasury January 1, 1881, $97,929.08.
Thoroughbred horas,3@$1000
38,520 Watches, 2643 @ $15 ... 39.645
Spanish horses, 2132 @ $15 ...
107
MANY SPRINGS AND PLEASURE RESORTS.
THE PARAISO SPRINGS.
The Paraiso Springs water is famed throughout the State for its curative effects. They are situated near Soledad, which is the present terminus of the Southern Pacific Railroad in Monterey county. They had been known to the early Span- iards and Indians for generations. Messrs. Reeve & Fine, pur- chased the property from Don Pedro Zavala, in 1874, and have spent a large amount of money in the erection of first-class buildings. It is now quite a village with its pretty cottages scattered around its healing waters. As you leave the cars and the great valley, the climate changes as you approach the springs, and on arrival you seem to be transported to an entirely different atmosphere. So great is the change that it can only be realized hy experience.
These remarkable springs are situated in a small valley opening out to the east of the main range of mountains lying west of tbe Salinas valley. This little valley is surrounded on the north, south and west by high hills, which completely shut out the harsh winds which often sweep up and down the great valley.
The springs are situated one thousand four hundred feet above the sea and one thousand and forty feet above the valley, and are, therefore, above the fogs that envelope the valley at times. The mornings are clear and bright, and the fogs of the valley below look like a sea with its rolling billows. The situation and elevation gives the clearest and purest air, mak- ing a climate very desirable for a change from the cold winds of the bay.
The buildings about the springs are superior, being well con- structed, and the cottages are so arranged as to be occupied by families or single persons. The hotel building lately erected, has good rooms on the upper floor. On the first floor is the office, bar and billiard room. There is also an established post-office and railroad and telegraph communication within a half hour's distance. From the verandas of the hotel and cot- tages are some fine views of the Salinas valley, and of the Gabilan range of mountains beyond.
Surrounding and near the hotel are twenty-five neatly fin- ished one and two-story cottages, well furnished and cheer- ful, from each of which a beautiful outlook may be had of the grounds, mountains and valley. There is a post-office, express office and livery stable in connection with the hotel.
The bath-rooms are of the most approved construction, and always elean and in good order for a hot or cold sulphur bath. There are springs of hot and cold sulphur water, iron and soda. The average heat of the hot soda spring is one hundred and seventeen degrees, of the sulphur spring, average one hun- dred and twelve degrees, while the iron spring is cold water.
The following is an analysis of the water, by A. Ciehi, S. J., professor of chemistry in Santa Clara College: In one gallon of water were found-
ANALYSIS OF PARAISO SPRINGS.
Matter volatile on ignition, so-called
organic matter
5.25
grains. =
Silica ..
2.62
Alumina and Iron
1.60
Magnesia
Trace
Chloride of Potassium
0 35
Chloride of Sodium
3.50
Sulphate of Soda
35.50
Carbonate of Sorla.
4.23
Sulphate of Liinc.
4.32
Carbonate of Lime ..
1.43
Total
58.80
The water contains 35.50 grains to the gallon of sulphate of soda. This sulphate of soda (written otherwise Glauber's salt) is used universally as a cathartic.
Business men of the eity will be only about seven hours from San Francisco, and can join their families and spend a day or two at this favorite resort. In the immediate neigh- borhood is es good hunting grounds as there are in the State, and mountain trout fishing in the Arroyo Seco, a short distance off. The range for hunters is from twenty to thirty miles in mountains, a wild and unexplored region.
Visitors can visit the ruins of the old Soledad Mission, or they may ride or ramble up the Belese canon and see the wildest of scenery, and explore the caves cut out of the sandstone cliffs. Close to the springs is a hill of five hundred feet elevation, and a zig-zag path up its sides affords grand exercise for a morning walk; or a horse may be used by those unable to climb its steep sides. In the early summer, the mountain sides are covered with a mantle of flowers. About the grounds of the springs and hill-sides are scattered the Cali- fornia oaks, presenting a beautiful appearance in the landscape, and affording a cool shade for a quiet hour.
Rates of board are moderate, and guests receive every possi- ble courtesy. The table is supplied with everything required for a first-class resort. The grounds produee all kinds of vege- tables, and small fruit in abundance.
The efficacy of the water is established as being thorough in respect to rheumatism, scrofulons disorders, dyspepsia, cutaneous affections of every kind, and numerous other diseases.
The waters being a powerful appetizer, conduces to sound sleep, and so thoroughily renovates the body and invigorates the system, both physical and mental, that, whether from man- ual labor, mercantile pursuits, professional duties, political strife, or fashionable dissipation, the mind and body have become weakened and are fast verging to disease, one or two months' quiet rest at these springs, with a generous use of the waters, will so build up the entire system, that the patient can return to his ordinary routine of business with the satisfaction of knowing that he has taken a new lease of life.
108
FAVORABLE SITUATION OF SALINAS CITY.
The Tassajara Hot Springs.
ABOUT forty-five miles from Monterey. There are here some dozen hot mineral springs-reported to be very effective remedial agents. " All the ills that flesh is heir to," barring con- sumption, may here find alleviation or eure. The late Dr. C. A. Canfield, forwarded some of the water to the Smithsonian Insti- tute, to he analyzed; and it was reported the richest spring then known in the United States. Thirty-two distinct ingre- dients were found therein. The water reaches the surface of the earth at one hundred and forty to one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit. But these springs are in the mountains, and almost inaccessible except by a trail distance forty miles south of Monterey. A new road over the mountains to Tassa- jara has assisted travel to those springs, and we frequently hear of the wonderful sanitary virtue of the waters. The climate is incomparable. These springs are especially valuable in kid- ney diseases and rheumatism, which often yield after only a hrief use of the water.
Slate's Springs.
THESE springs are situated on the coast in the south-eastern portion of Monterey county. Mr. I. B. Slate, the proprietor, says that they never have any frost or very cold weather. There are ahout twenty settlers living near the springs, which are reached by road via Monterey and the Sur raucho, a county road having been made as far as the Post Rancho, and from thence hy trail about twenty miles. Mr. Slate says that he located the springs in 1870. He was traveling for his health, as he was suffering most severely from dyspepsia, and had come along the coast from San Luis Obispo, and on arriving at the place of his present residence he stopped to rest at these springs, and in a very short time realized the great henefit from the use of the water, both from drinking and hathing. Any one who knows Mr. Slate now would never imagine that he had ever been an invalid and given up by the doctors. The waters of these springs have most wonderful curative properties in all cases of indigestion, dyspepsia and all diseases of the stomach.
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