USA > California > Napa County > History of Napa and Lake Counties, California : comprising their geography, geology, topography, climatography, springs and timber, together with a full and particular record of the Mexican Grants, also separate histories of all the townships and biographical sketches > Part 76
USA > California > Lake County > History of Napa and Lake Counties, California : comprising their geography, geology, topography, climatography, springs and timber, together with a full and particular record of the Mexican Grants, also separate histories of all the townships and biographical sketches > Part 76
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" When all the preliminaries were arranged, the actual business in hand was begun. Rev. B. Ogle, a Baptist minister from the upper end of the county, was along, thus sanctioning the action of the people as a righteous deed, by his presence. But, like Elder Peter Cartwright at the ball, he did not believe in entering into anything he could not ask the bless- ing of God upon ; and so, when all was ready for action, he came to the front and offered up a fervent appeal to Heaven for a blessing upon their proposed undertaking. This man of God, and upon the holy Sabbath day
6
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History of Napa and Lake Counties-LAKE.
as it was, then doffed his coat, and engaged upon the work with as good a grace and as ready and willing a hand as any one present.
" The first thing done was to begin the removal to a safe distance of all the contents of the mill, including the machinery. This was kept up busily all day until the hour for supper. Just as the men were eating that meal fire was discerned in the building, and all efforts to extinguish it proved futile ; but a small dwelling-house belonging to the company near by and the bridge were saved.
" On Monday morning the work of tearing down the dam was begun with block and tackle, and by night all was removed except a light sill and one crib, and these were removed early the next morning. When the dam was taken away the water ran out with such force that it turned logs end over end, and the tules below were filled with water as far down as Cacheville. The work in hand having been completed, the men returned to their homes in as orderly a manner as they had come to the scene of action."
To the credit of all interested be it said that there was no liquor allowed within the lines at all, and there was no drunkenness or disorderly conduct as a consequence. One old fellow by the name of "Pap" Way tried to smuggle in a bottle of whisky, by concealing it under the lining of his pants, but was detected, and the liquor was poured upon the ground in his very thirsty presence. The following is about as shrewd a thing as occurred during the whole affair : Uncle George Tucker, as all who know him delight to call him, was sent to Guenoc, a small village in Coyote Valley, on the road to Calistoga from Lower Lake, for the purpose of intercepting all mes- sengers that might be sent for aid from the outside. Now, Uncle George very wisely thought that " to be forewarned was to be forearmed," and that it was more politic for him to intercept the messages and report them than to undertake to restrain the messengers themselves. So he set himself about it to accomplish his design. It happened that Mr. Getz, the merchant at the place, was in sympathy with the citizens, and he entered into Uncle George's plans very readily. This plan was as follows : Uncle George secreted him- self under the counter of the store, and when a messenger would come rid- ing up, Mr. Getz would rush out and ask the news. The man would tell him some of the most extravagant stories ever heard. Mr. Getz would then ask him if he had a message, and also ask to see it. The man, thinking of course, that he was friendly, would comply with his request. He would then read it very slowly, as if he could hardly make it out, and Uncle George would copy it down word for word. Inside of an hour that message would be in the hands of Mr. Mackall, delivered by the hands of a courier, who was at hand for that purpose. .
January 29, 1869, the Clear Lake Water Company commenced a suit in
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General History and Settlement.
the Twelfth District Court, against Jacob Bowers and one hundred and eighty- three other citizens of Lake County, the list comprising all the names of those who had engaged in the destruction of the dam, that could be obtained. The company gave a list of the property destroyed on that occasion, of which the following are the principal items: the grist mill, saw mill, machinery and fixtures to the amount of $60,000 ; twenty tons of wheat, seven tons of cattle feed, three tons of barley, three tons of flour, and a large quantity of groceries and provisions, for all of which the company claims damages in the sum of $250,000. Messrs. McM. Shafter, Seawell and Hubbard were the counsel for the company.
A change of venue was secured, and the case transferred to the Seventh District Court, and the trial was had in Fairfield, Solano County, in May, 1870. Before this Court it was fully established that the dam was a nuisance, and the jury rendered a verdict which sustained the action of the people in abating it. While this suit was in progress against the citizens, the Water Company began another suit against the Board of Supervisors of Lake County for $50,000 actual damages, and $100,000 accumulated dam- ages. When the suit at Fairfield was decided in favor of the people, the Company appealed it. It will be remembered that a test suit was began by Mr. Grigsby and tried in Mendocino County, and that an appeal was taken in the matter, hence there were now two suits pending in the Supreme Courts growing out of this affair. While things were just in this situation the suit against the Board of Supervisors came up, on change of venue, in Yolo County. This trial was had in May, 1871, and the jury failed to agree, there being eleven for the County and one for the Water Company.
A second trial was had in Yolo County, in September, 1871, and while it was in progress a compromise was effected. The cause of this apparent weakening on the part of the County was that it had been ascertained that during the time of the demolition of the dam some one had used three sacks of barley. This would, of course, carry the judgment for the value of the barley so used, hence the compromise. The terms of this compromise were as follows: Each party was to pay its own costs, and the County to allow judgment against it in the sum of $20,000, which the plaintiff was to take in bonds running twenty years, and bearing interest at the rate of seven ' per cent. per annum, and payable at the election of the county. These bonds were funded in 1880, at six per cent. And so ended a long, fierce and bitter struggle of right against might, and but for a single mis- step right for once would have gained a complete victory. As it was, the people did well, for they lost many times the amount of the bonds every year the dam remained in position, and moreover the burden was equally distributed among all the people of the county instead of upon the few
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History of Napa and Lake Counties-LAKE.
who had their homes around the margin of the lake. We include here, for the sake of ready reference, the following summary of dates :
Act of Legislature granting franchise, March 31, 1866 ;
Dam begun in August, 1866;
Dam completed in December, 1867.
Act of Legislature of March 31, 1866, repealed February 14, 1868 ; Dam removed November 15, 1868;
Suit commenced against the people January 29, 1869;
Compromise effected in September, 1871.
The Water Company claimed to be acting in good faith all the time. They said that it was their purpose to establish a large manufactory at the dam site embracing grist, saw and planing mills, and also a woolen factory, thus taking the produce of the farmers and giving in exchange lumber as far as they desired and cash for the remainder, and thus providing a ready market right at home for the productions of the county. Having this object in view, it was a pity that the circumstances were such that the people were forced to dislodge them. The company still owns large tracts of valuable land in Lake County, and are not behind the most enterprising citizens in improving and cultivating it. A large lot of grapevines are being planted, and the wine industry will be entered into vigorously and no doubt successfully.
CHAPMAN'S FIASCO .- In 1868 one I. N. Chapman was sent by the United States authorities to survey the Lup-Yomi grant which had just before been declared to be Government land, and also such other land around the lake as was not then surveyed and which would be liable to early entry. This he did very thoroughly, but did not encourage the people who had settled on the land in making their entries, rather putting them off with excuses. When the election came on that fall he ran for the office of County Surveyor and was elected, being a practical surveyor and quite well liked generally. Shortly after his election he took all his notes and went to the city, stating that he was going there for the purpose of doing his platting. Judge A. P. McCarty conceived the idea that everything was not straight, and set about to get ahead of him in his little game. His first move was to get the influ- ence of one of Chapman's friends, and thus secure the appointment as deputy. Chapman then wrote him that he had a new set of books, which he was arranging there, and for him to make no entries in accordance with the plats in the books in the office till he had heard from him again. This opened the Judge's eyes very wide, and in it he saw the key to the situa- tion. He at once communicated with every settler in the county, and had
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General History and Settlement.
them come in at once and file the proper papers, all of which required his constant labor for several days and nights in succession. These papers were forwarded at once to the State Land Office in Sacramento by messenger. It was afterwards learned that within a very few days applications came from San Francisco speculators for locations on all that land, the papers having been made up from the new plat books which Chapman had made in San Francisco. It was also revealed that Chapman had all the time been in collusion with San Francisco parties, and that there was a vast scheme on foot to get possession of the whole country around the lake. Chapman wrote Judge McCarty a very angry letter when he found out that his plans had all been frustrated, and the Judge returned as good as he sent, with added interest in the shape of an intimation that it would be well for him to always keep a safe distance outside the boundary lines of Lake County. This advice Chapman heeded strictly, and the people of Lake County have never since beheld him. Certainly, too much credit can not be given Judge McCarty for the active and very efficient part he took in the matter, which saved the homes of the settlers to them.
SOUTHERN RELIEF FUND .- In 1867 there was great interest taken in the matter of the Southern Relief Fund. Judge J. B. Holloway for- warded the sum of twenty dollars at one time, and an extensive barbecue and picnic was held near Kelseyville for the benefit of the fund, but we could find no statement of the proceeds.
COTTON CULTURE .- In 1867 W. C. Gully, of Pleasant Valley, raised some very fine cotton. The bolls were perfect and well matured. Gen- erally it is too cold in most sections of Lake County for cotton or tobacco to thrive, though there are many favored spots where they would do well.
SARSHEL BYNUM .- In 1876 Mr. Sarshel Bynum died. He had been a resident of the county of Lake for a number of years, and was County Clerk for a long time. No man ever lived in the county who was more loved and respected by all who knew him than was " Uncle Sash," as all delighted to call him, and all speak of him by that term to this day. At the first meeting of the Board of Supervisors held after his death, on November 25, 1876, the following resolution of respect was passed, and ordered spread upon the minutes :-
" WHEREAS, It has pleased Almighty God to remove from our midst Sarshel Bynum, a tried and faithful county officer, a respected and honored citizen, a valued and true friend, therefore, while deeply feeling the public loss in his decease, and entertaining heartfelt sympathy with the family in their affliction, we humbly yield to the decree of the Supreme Ruler, be- lieving that he doeth all things well."
86
History of Napa and Lake Counties -- LAKE.
COUNTY CREDIT .- To show how the credit of the county has advanced in the past ten years, we reproduce the following figures : The bonds for the building of the Court-house were sold in 1871 for ninety cents on the dollar, or a discount of ten per cent. In 1880 $50,800 worth of bonds were sold at a premium of a trifle under three per cent., thus netting to the county $52,313.08, the premium being $1,513.08.
STATISTICS OF LAKE COUNTY .- We are well aware that statis- tics are considered dry reading by the general public. Stlil, we are per- suaded that such as we will present below will not be without interest to the people of Lake County. They are not full, nor were they intended to be, but only to show, in a general way, the figures concerning the different subjects treated.
RATE OF TAXATION .- We will give below the rate of taxation for the several years named, as follows :
FUND.
1868.
1870.
1871.
1872.
1873.
1874.
1878.
1879.
1880.
1881.
Average.
General County
1.20
1.20
1.30
1.75
.50
.50
.75
.50
.50
.40
.85
School.
.35
.35
.35
.35
.18
.20
.23
.23
.25
.37
.286
General Road.
.20
.30
.25
.35
.25
.30
.50
.50
.50
.50
.365
Lakeport and Napa Road.
.10
Hospital .
.20
.18
.10
.083
.04
.05
.07
.10
.09}
.08
.10
County Building
.50
.13%
.20
.12
.08
.07
.08
.09
.044
.146
State.
.863
.863
.50
.50
.63
.75
.62}
.64
.66
Squirrel Bounty
.03
.03
.03
.06
.037
Salary .
.20
.30
.36
.25
.277
Dam Bonds
.07
.07
.07
.12}
.084
'Total.
2.05
2.53
3.00
3.60
1.59
1.66
2.55
2.56
2.55
2.41
2.45
AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS .- That the material growth and prosperity of the county may be fully realized and easily compared, we append here- with a summarized statement, taken from the Assessor's books, for the years 1868, 1873 and 1880 :
ITEMS.
1868.
1873.
1880.
Land inclosed, acres
12,009
41,487
40,513
Land cultivated, acres
9,026
10,419
14,676
Wheat, acres
5,002
4,518
5,520
Wheat, bushels
70,420
82,230
121,663
Barley, acres .
2,050
2,093
3,547
Barley, bushels
25,475
44,121
13,305
Oats, acres
250
110
386
Oats, bushels
3,938
4,500
9,699
Rye, acres
40
.10
87
General History and Settlement.
ITEMS.
1868.
1873.
1880.
Rye, bushels
320
Corn, acres
400
323
472
Corn, bushels
7,897
7,565
13,423
Buckwheat, acres
....
....
Buckwheat, bushels
16
....
ยท
Pease, acres
3
....
....
Pease, bushels
30
....
....
Beans, acres.
...
....
28
Beans, bushels
318
Potatoes, acres
16
25
210
Potatoes, bushels
600
57
10,993
Onions, acres .
2
....
....
Onions, bushels
40
....
Hay, acres
2,240
4,957
5,644
Hay, tons
4,000
6,294
7,578
Tobacco, acres
1
....
Tobacco, pounds
300
....
....
Beets, tons
20
....
....
Turnips, tons
80
..
....
Hops, acres .
.
20
20
Hops, pounds
....
5,000
19,000
Sugar beets, acres
....
....
8
Sugar beets, tons
22
Butter, pounds
28,500
14,500
28,997
Cheese, pounds
23,056
18,000
7,200
Wool, pounds
2,423
89,575
202,179
Honey, pounds
5,600
1,710
300
Apple trees
10,400
11,223
5,726
Peach trees
6,542
4,758
2,225
Pear trees
1,200
2,079
836
Plum trees
1,640
1,953
864
Cherry trees
176
250
....
Nectarine trees
102
125
Quince trees
109
55
578
Apricot trees
160
156
66
Orange trees
3
2
Prune trees
16
24
Mulberry trees
8
5,015
....
Almond trees
152
191
....
.
...
Fig trees
62
. .
Potatoes, tons
88
History of Napa and Lake Counties-LAKE.
ITEMS.
1868.
1873.
1880.
Walnut trees
40
153
. .
Gooseberry bushes
600
.
....
Strawberry vines
25,000
....
....
Raspberry bushes
350
...
. .
Grape vines.
16,400
46,917
(acres) 35
Wine made, gallons
...
...
80
Value of fruit crop
$5,206
Breweries
....
1
3
Beer made, gallons
3,000
10,500
Horses
1,863
1,831
2,030
Colts
380
Mules
133
181
182
Jacks and jennies
7
5
5
Cows
1,209
2,234
1,530
Calves
1,090
2,281
1,882
Beef cattle
502
694
40
Oxen
94
57
58
Neat Cattle
2,895
5,336
1,425
Sheep
12,440
19,429
45,708
Hogs
26,000
5,046
4,539
Goats
....
9
Chickens
22,250
...
....
Geese
350
....
....
Ducks
1,500
....
....
Poultry, doz.
1,437
Bees, hives
850
453
239
Grist mill, water power
1
1
2
Run of stone
2
2
4
Grist mill, steam power.
...
2
3
Run of stone
3
5
Barrels of flour made.
6,400
7,000
12,200
Bushels of corn ground
2,000
550
2,000
Saw mills, steam power
3
7
3
Saw mills, water power.
2
2
Feet of lumber sawed
1,717,000
3,500,000
1,020,693
Shingles made.
800,000
400,000
....
Irrigating ditches
1
....
....
Acres irrigated
500
....
....
Assessed value of property
$92,500
....
....
. .
.
...
...
313
3,849
Goats, Angora
Turkeys
800
....
89
General History and Settlement.
ITEMS.
1868.
1873.
1880.
Assessed value of improvements.
$40,000
...
Assessed value of personal property ...
$415,916
....
Toll roads, miles.
....
....
413
Toll roads, total value
....
....
$2,760
Broom corn, pounds .
....
....
4,000
Wagons and buggies
667
Watches
...
....
605
SCHOOL CENSUS .- The school census for the years 1869 and 1881 is as follows :
DISTRICT.
1869.
1881.
DISTRICT.
1869.
1881.
Cinnabar
26
Calayomi ..
34
Lower Lake.
89
129
Clover Creek
23
Excelsior
49
38
Cache Creek
13
Rincon .
61
28
Eureka.,
24
Morgan Valley
25
40
East Lake.
14
Burns Valley
28
19
Fair View.
21
Loconoma .
76
55
Great Western ..
41
Uncle Sam
36
99
Gravelly Valley
22
Kelsey Creek
41
33
Highland.
46
Lakeport
70
219
Lakeshore.
11
Blue Lake.
24
23
Liberty
26
Big Valley .
63
34
Mountain
39
Pleasant Grove
72
46
Middletown.
135
Upper Lake
100
119
Spruce Grove
38
Ashland .
45
Sulphur Bank
33
Bachelor Valley
27
Scotts Valley
62
Bartlett Springs
20
Cobb Valley
13
Total
760
1569
Increase in twelve years, 809, or over fifty per cent.
LEGAL DISTANCES .- The following are the distances from Lakeport, as established by the Board of Supervisors :
Morgan Valley
37 miles.
Lower Lake
25 miles.
Excelsior.
28
Long Valley
30
Guenoc ..
35
Middletown 35
Cobb Valley
19
"
Kelseyville
8
Scotts Valley
4
Upper Lake.
10
Bachelor Valley
14
Gravelly Valley
40
Bartlett Springs. 28
. ...
..
90
History of Napa and Lake Counties-LAKE.
LAKE COUNTY .- The following very interesting sketch appeared in the San Francisco Post, in July, 1877, and to peruse it is all that is required to cause one to see how fully and beautifully it describes familiar scenes in Lake County :
" Lake County, so called from its numerous lakes, was organized in 1861. It covers an area of twelve hundred square miles, and is sixty miles long and twenty miles wide. It is situated between two ranges of mountains- the Bear on the east and the Mayacamas on the west. The first white settlers were two stock men, named Kelsey and Stone They located in 1847, and were killed by the Indians in 1849, in the vicinity of the present town of Kelseyville. The population of this county is about seven thou- sand, and the assessed valuation of property $2,750,000. The county is very mountainous, the only available farming and grazing lands being con- tained in the numerous small valleys. The cereal productions are a little in excess of the amount required for home consumption. Considerable atten- tion is given to stock raising and mining. The principal minerals are quick- silver, sulphur and borax. Fruit growing and viniculture are yet in their infancy. A number of dairies produce large quantities of butter and cheese. A large yield of hops is expected this season. Nature has done much for the county ; has bestowed with liberal hand towering mountains, grand lakes, and thousands of phenomenal and mineral springs. It is the sanita- rium of the Pacific. The climate is mild and even ; the heat in the summer never oppressive, with cool evenings and mornings. In the winter snow falls on the mountains, but rarely in the valleys.
" We reached Lake County by the way of the Geysers. Climbing up and sliding down several lesser mountains, we ultimately stood upon the boundary line, the summit of Mount Cobb, four thousand feet above the level of the sea. We commenced the descent breathless and tired. We had become very thirsty clambering over the sandy hills and rocky girdled mountains, where no verdure grew, save chemisal, and loudly bewailed the dearth of water. In the midst of our complaining we came to a patch of luxuriant vegetation and shady fir trees. At our feet bubbled a spring of water so sweet and cold that it was fit to serve as nectar to the gods ; then another one equally pure. Further on we crossed a purling stream that sparkled along its pebbly bed like a thread of crystal. It was the most de- lightful camping ground we ever found. A few yards from the spring stood a deserted woodman's cabin, fitted for occupancy with fire-place, pallets, table and cupboard. Below, a deep and thickly wooded ravine, the home of the deer and quail. The bottom of the ravine is the lurking place for trout. There an impetuous mountain stream floweth on forever, its clear waters constantly dashing into commingled masses of silver and white. At one point the torrent leaped into a beautiful cascade, falling several feet, solid
91
General History and Settlement.
and unbroken as a pillar of snow. Massive rocks on either side rose like sentinels. In a glen near by we came upon the home of the June bugs- those pretty little mottled fellows that hunt the roses and vex the ladies. At one place there were millions of them; the ground and every twig, leaf and flower was a moving mass of orange and black. It was a novel sight, and we have since been wondering where they all came from. From this point the hills became more diversified in appearance and were well tim- bered. The descent of Mount Cobb, occupying about two hours, brought us to the small valley of the same name, distant by trail ten miles from the Geysers. " Cobb Valley lies at an altitude of two thousand five hundred feet. Nestling in its bosom is Glenbrook, a fashionable and commodious summer resort. Two and a half miles beyond it, Mills' farm, another well patron- ized resort. Making a detour of a dozen miles, we reach the well-known Harbin Springs. They are situated in a nook, one thousand seven hundred feet above the sea level, and are surrounded by high mountains. The water is similar to that of the famous La Malon Springs of France; it holds in solution sulphur, iron, magnesia and arsenic, and has a wonderful curative effect in cases of rheumatism and diseases of the liver and kidneys. The hotel is large, and there are pleasant cottages for families. The grounds are tastefully laid out and a convenient plat set apart for those who prefer camping out. Six miles from Harbin, and two and one-half miles from Glenbrook, are the Adams Springs. The waters contain linie, mag- nesia, soda, iron, sodium, silica, salt of potash, nitric acid, and are freely charged with carbonic acid gas. They are particularly beneficial in those diseases arising from impurity of the blood. The accommodations for patrons are excellent. Some three miles from Adams are the Seigler Warm Sulphur Springs. These remarkable springs are not yet thrown open to the public. Continuing our journey a dozen miles we reached Kelseyville, the oldest settlement in the county. It has about two hundred inhabitants, and is pleasantly situated on either side of a broad avenue, and in the center of Big Valley. It is supported by the farming trade of the valley.
" In a barren field on the edge of the town is the Devil's Gasometer. At one point there is a small aperture in the ground from whence sulphuretted- hydrogen gas constantly escapes. Upon lighting it, it burns with a clear bluish flame for minutes. The entire soil seems to be impregnated with gas, and by making a small hole anywhere and applying a match thereto, a jet of fire is immediately kindled. Five miles from Kelseyville in a westerly direction are the celebrated Highland Springs. The water contains sulphur, magnesia and iron. The adjacent scene is exceedingly romantic. Big Valley, the center of this interesting country, is the largest valley in the county, and covers an area of about thirty-five square miles. The soil is composed of rich bottom land, and produces all kinds of cereals and hay.
92
History of Napa and Lake Counties-LAKE.
" From Kelseyville, a journey of six miles around the base of Uncle Sam Mountain brought us to Soda Bay, the most delightful spot in Lake County. As far as the eye can reach sweeps a grandly beautiful landscape. The climate is pronounced by travelers to be the most salubrious in the known world. Clear Lake, with its placid waters, ripples in and out among the oak-browed peninsulas and pine-clad mountains miles away, and returning, forms the lovely bay of which we speak. It was named Soda Bay because of its numerous thermo-mineral springs. Hundreds of them bubble up through the fresh water of the lake like boiling water. The most boisterous of these wondrous springs is also the most extensive one of the kind in the State. The impetus throws its seething, foaming waters some feet above the level of the lake. It discharges over 500,000 gallons of nearly pure soda-water a day. Its Indian name is Omarocharbe. Bathing in its tepid waters is productive of most beneficial results in cases of general debility and to persons with weakened and overtaxed systems. Medicinally, the waters are recommended as containing iron and sulphur. The hotel at this place was opened in the latter part of 1876, and is therefore new, as well as neat and commodious. There are several retired cottages for families, and elegant camping places for those who desire. The hostess, Mrs. Dunlap, makes her guests feel at home in her presence; and the manager, E. R. Perrin, is well-known to old travelers as the former proprietor of the renowned Ten-mile House near Sacramento.
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