History of the State of Colorado, Volume IV, Part 1

Author: Hall, Frank, 1836-1917. cn; Rocky Mountain Historical Company
Publication date: 1889-95
Publisher: Chicago, Blakely print. Co.
Number of Pages: 791

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Gc 978.8 H14h v.4 1186744

GENEALOGY COLLECTION

ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY 3 1833 01066 9486

Albuch N. M hicie?

HISTORY

OF THE

STATE OF COLORADO

EMBRACING ACCOUNTS OF THE

PRE-HISTORIC RACES AND THEIR REMAINS; THE EARLIEST SPANISH, FRENCH AND

AMERICAN EXPLORATIONS ; THE LIVES OF THE PRIMITIVE HUNTERS, TRAP- PERS AND TRADERS ; THE COMMERCE OF THE PRAIRIES; THE FIRST AMERICAN SETTLEMENTS FOUNDED ; THE ORIGINAL DISCOVERIES OF GOLD IN THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS; THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES AND TOWNS, WITH THE VARIOUS PHASES OF INDUSTRIAL AND POLITICAL TRANSITION, FROM 1858 TO 1890.

IN FOUR VOLUMES.

ILLUSTRATED.

973.8 Hithe

VOLUME IV.

BY FRANK HALL, FOR THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN HISTORICAL COMPANY

CHICAGO: THE BLAKELY PRINTING COMPANY, 1895.

Entered According to Act of Congress, in the Year 1895, by THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN HISTORICAL CO., In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.

INTRODUCTORY. 1186744

In submitting the fourth volume of the History of Colorado, a tinge of regret mingles with the author's satisfaction that the task, somewhat reluctantly undertaken, in 1887, is completed. There is intense relief that the trials and difficulties attending iny endeavors at every stage, at times inexpressibly discouraging, are at an end. Whatever of regret there may be, arises from the realization that in a literary sense, if indeed any such merit appear, I am bidding a final adieu to memories and scenes with which I have been so long associated. And, more than all, that under happier auspices much that has been omitted might have found honorable place in these annals. When, in June, 1887, I engaged to prepare four volumes of 500 to 700 pages each, the magnitude of the work prearranged seemed appalling, for it appeared to ine then, before a scrap had been gathered, quite beyond my capabilities to find sufficient important, and at the same time generally interesting, material for so large a space. I now, after eight years of labor, very forcibly comprehend that the room afforded was inadequate to the enormous supply. Two or three hundred pages more might have been profitably devoted to such subjects as the development of agricul- ture, irrigation, annals of the bench and bar, statistics of mining, climatology, munici- pal government, schools, churches, manufactures and commerce, with a well-di- gested epitome of the resources of the state, all of which, from the necessities of the situation, have been passed with only brief mention. Indeed, numerous outlines of these topics were drawn from time to time, but lacking facilities for perfecting them, they were, perforce, laid aside to be taken up and properly elaborated by later and more capable writers. The political annals from 1888 to 1890 inclusive are hastily summarized in the first chapter. It will be observed that in treating of min- ing districts, old and new, little description of mines has been attempted. Sufficient reason may be found in the fact that in most sections the chief producers of 1890, for example, which then attracted wide attention, were mainly or wholly obsolete a few years later, having meanwhile been superseded in public regard by an entirely new series of discoveries. One is reminded of these transitory conditions by read- ing Hollister, Fossett, Cushman and other book-writers of the first and second decades, who, in their histories have given extensive accounts of the inines of their respective epochs, scarcely one of which attracts even casual mention to-day. The whole face of mining and metallurgy has been revolutionized in the last ten years, and these industries, like the lives of men, have been utterly changed in the third and most radical epoch of advancement.

The delay of this volume beyond the anticipated time for its production was caused, partly by the disastrous financial revulsion of 1892-93 and partly by events which cannot well be explained. Nevertheless, the long interval has enabled me to incorporate much valuable matter bearing upon the origin of settlement in Denver, and in some of the mountain districts, which would have been overlooked had the publication occurred as previously announced. In 1894-95 the State Historical Society, through the efforts of Mr. Wm. N. Byers, to whom, permit me to say en passent, I am deeply indebted for much kindly advice and important information

iii

INTRODUCTORY.

from the beginning to the close of this work, was fortunate enough to recover the original manuscript records of the founding of Auraria (now West Denver), St. Charles and Denver, all of which were long believed to be wholly lost. With these valuable data at my disposal, reinforced by trustworthy written and oral statements furnished by the first immigrants who took part in the primary discoveries of gold in the Platte Valley, and also in locating the several town sites mentioned, builders of the first cabins and other essential improvements, all the important links hitherto missing have been supplied, and so placed as to form, with the events set down in preceding volumes, a complete, harmonious and interesting narrative. These, sup- plemented by chronicles of all county organizations thus far created by statute, with the beginning of settlement in each, constitute a compilation of historical memor- anda whose value cannot well be over-estimated.

Readers who have patiently followed us thus far in the lengthy recital, are earnestly invited to peruse these histories of the counties, for a majority of them con- tain incidents of thrilling interest, relating to the efforts of the early pioneers who planted civilization upon the slopes and valleys of the Rocky Mountains. It will thus be discovered that not all of the tribulations, tragedies and discomfort incident to the process occurred in the City of Denver, but that every town, camp and hamlet bore its share of suffering, and is fairly entitled to its share of credit in the grand consummation.

Finally, to illustrate the lives, character and influence of the men of this genera- tion, who may be said to have built the substantial commonwealth we now enjoy, a comprehensive biographical department is appended. In conclusion 1 feel that, imperfect as the work may be, the better thought and industry of my now well matured life appear in its pages. In large degree it has been a labor of love and sacrifice. If it has brought me little beyond a hoped-for increase of respect from those among whom all the years of my manhood have been passed, my labors have been amply requited.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

VOLUME IV.

PAGE.

A. W. MCINTIRE.

Frontispiece.

ARAPAHOE COUNTY COURT HOUSE .. 16

J. L. BRUSH. 24

DR. JESSE HAWES. 32

B. F. JOHNSON .

A. H. PATTERSON.

344

J. W. MCCREERY

H. T. WEST 56

E. L. SALISBURY 60

F. E. BIRD. 64 ADOLPH J. ZANG 375

BOULDER COUNTY COURT HOUSE ... 72

LAKE VIEW FARM OF T. B. CROKE . 80

RESIDENCE OF MRS. MARY E. ECK- HART. 88

RESIDENCE OF J. W. FASSETT 96

J. W. FASSETT .. IO.4

PROPERTY OF W. C. LATHROP 112

THE LATHROP BLOCK. I20

THE MONAMRA BLOCK

128

THE HENRY LEE BLOCK I36

LARIMER STREET IN 1866-70. 144

THE ROBERTSON & DOLL BLOCK

152

N. ROBERTSON

168

H. C. DOLL 176

W. W. BORST 184

E. M. AMMONS. 192

S. S. KENNEDY

200

R. W. STEELE

208

COLORADO CENTRAL CONSOLIDATED MINE 216

PROPERTY OF GEO. W. HILL. 224 FLORENCE MILLING AND MINING CO. 232

THE STRUBY ESTABROOK BLOCK .. 2.40 THE STEVENS MINE. 24.9 THE SEVEN-THIRTY MINE 256 THE TABOR BLOCK. 26.4

TABOR OPERA HOUSE, INTERIOR. 272 TABOR OPERA HOUSE, EXTERIOR .. 280

VICTORIA TUNNEL AND MENDOTA MINE. . 288

J. E. WHITE.

296

G. W. GILDERSLEEVE

304

J. F. GARDNER 312

FRED LOCKWOOD

328

J. C. SCOTT

352

J. W. ROBB. 360

PH. ZANG.

368

ROCK MOUNTAIN BREWERY

384

J. M. S. EGAN

392

L. H. COLE

400

J. S. CARNAHAN

408

J. W. BARRON

416

E. A. BROMLEY

424

RANCH OF OLIVER GRAVES

432

PROPERTY OF L. A. MELBURN.

440

DAVID ORROCK'S CARRIAGE WORKS.

448

RESIDENCE OF ALEX. MILLER

456

RANCH OF BENJ. QUICK 46.4

RESIDENCE OF J. W. RICHARDS.

172

RANCH OF THOS. SKERRITT

48o

PROPERTY OF MRS. L. E. TAYLOR ..

488

PROPERTY OF J. H. THOMPSON. . .

5044

PROPERTY OF J. W. WEIR.

512

PROPERTY OF C. T. WILMORE

520

PROPERTY OF J. B. WRIGHT

528

RESIDENCE OF W. H. YANKEE 536

PROPERTY OF G. R. WILLIAMSON 544

F. W. KOHLER

552

J. F. PHILLIPS.

568

J. P. HIEISLER

568

TORRENCE WHITE

576

J. O. V. WISE

584

PROPERTY OF FRED KOHLER

592

THE FRANK WEISENHORN BREWERY. 608

THE TORIONI RESTAURANT ..

. .

616

THE BERTENSHAW CONCENTRATOR. . 62.4

ERRATA.

VOL. I. Page 214. line 10, 2d paragraph: "Corner of Sixteenth and Holladay streets," should read: "On Blake, near Sixteenth."

Vot. I. Pago 216, last line: "Morton (. Fisher, " should read: "C. A. Lawrence."

VOL. I. Page 324, line 2. 2d paragraph: "186l. " should read: "1860."

VOL. I. Page 397, line 2. 3d paragraph: "Tootle & Leach's store," should read: "W. S. ('heesman's."

VOL. I. Page 498, line 2, 4th paragraph: "At foot of 15th street." should read: "foot of 19th street."

VOL. II. Page 278, line 2, 2d paragraph: "Forty-second Congress, " should read: "Forty- third ('ongress."

VOL. III. Page 46. lino 4: "D. P. Kingsley of Montrose, " should read: "of Mesa."

VOL. II. Page 38, line 14, 2d paragraph: "the successor of Nathaniel P. Hill." should read: "the successor of Henry M. Teller."

REFERENCE NOTES.

CHAPTER V., VOL. I., relating to Cliff and Cave Dwellers, should be read in connection with the history of La Plata county, VOL. IV., in which certain new matter appears. VOL. 1. Page 95. The site of Lient. Pike's log fort, in the San Luis Valley. is now a part of Governor A. W. MeIntire's ranch.

VOL. I. Page 177. See new account of the Russell party, its origin and discoveries, in History of Denver, VOL. IV.

VOL. 1. Pages 179-180-181. Details of the founding of Montana, Nuraria, St. Charles and Denver, Irom original records, are given in History of Denver, VOL. IV.

VOL. I. Page 15%. In connection with George A. Jackson's explorations of 1858-59, see also History of Larimer county, VOL. IV.

VOL. .. Pages 218-219. The beginning of our school system. See also "Schools," History of Denver, VOL. IV.

VOL. 1. Pages 297-20%. Discovery of gold in Park and Summit counties. See histories of those counties, VOL. IV.

VOL. II. Page 192. Baker's explorations of the San Juan Mountains. See further account in history of La Plata county, VOL. IV.

VOL. H. Page 225. See additional particulars of Green Russell's discoveries, etc., History of Denver, Vol. IV.

HISTORY OF COLORADO.

CHAPTER I.

POLITICAL ANNALS CONTINUED TO 1890.

From the outset of political organization in Colorado, the Republican party has held the ascendency in point of numerical strength. Whenever deprived of control it was due to violent internal dissensions or bad management. Nearly ali the Territorial legislatures were Republican; the governors of that era without exception were of that faith. From the admission of the state in 1876, to the pres- ent time, the Republicans have held a majority on joint ballot in every General Assembly save one (the Ninth), therefore always able to elect the United States senators. The diminution of their strength in the Ninth Assembly was the result of a disastrous reversal of popular sentiment on financial issues in 1892, which elected a Populist administration throughout, and also deprived the Republicans of suprem- acy in the legislative department. Taken altogether it was the most unfortunate political epoch in our history.

The campaign of 1888 was exceedingly active. An unusual number of candi- dates for the governorship were advanced. For the second time, owing to bitter contentions, a Democrat-Alva Adams-occupied the executive office. The last Indian outbreak to stain our annals had been suppressed, resulting in the expulsion of all hostile savages from our borders. With this exception, tranquility prevailed in all departments. The two great industries, agriculture and mining, were producing satisfactory returns; the City of Denver was enjoying unprecedented prosperity through phenomenal growth. Under these happy auspices the Republican state convention assembled in the Tabor Grand Opera House, Tuesday, September 4th, 1888, with Hon. John L. Routt as chairman. After the organization, Hosea Town- send of Custer was nominated for representative in Congress by acclamation. But for the office of governor five names were presented-Dr. David H. Moore, then Chancellor of the Denver University; Job A. Cooper, cashier of the German National Bank; Wolfe Londoner, a prominent merchant; Horace A. W. Tabor and Norman H. Meldrum (then lieutenant-governor), all residents of Arapahoe county. After one or two ballots had been taken without choice, the convention adjourned to the 5th, when Mr. Cooper was chosen on the fifth ballot. Meanwhile, Londoner and Meldrum had been withdrawn. For lieutenant-governor, William G. Smith of

HISTORY OF COLORADO.

Jefferson was nominated on the first formal ballot. At the close the following ticket was presented:

For Presidential Electors. - (Harrison and Morton)-David 1I. Moore, James P. Galloway and Frank F. Osbiston.

For Judges of Supreme Court .- (Long term)-Charles D. Hayt of Conejos; Victor A. Elliott of Arapahoe.

For Representative in Congress .- Hosea Townsend of Custer.

For Governor .- Job A. Cooper of Arapahoe.

For Lieutenant-Governor .- William G. Smith of Jefferson.

For Secretary of State .- James Rice of Pueblo.

For State Treasurer .- W. H. Brisbane of Lake.

For Auditor of State .- Louis B. Schwanbeck of Saguache.

For Attorney-General .- Samuel W. Jones of Summit.

For Superintendent of Public Instruction .- Fred Dick of Las Animas.

For Regents State University .- Charles R. Dudley of Arapahoe, S. A. Giffen of Boulder.

For Chairman of the State Central Committee .- Wolfe Londoner of Arapahoe.

The Democratic state convention assembled in the same house Tuesday, Sep- tember 11th, Martin Morris temporary chairman. In the permanent organization Dexter D. Sapp was elected chairman. The ticket following was nominated:

For Presidential Electors .- John M. S. Egan of Clear Creek, Charles J. Hughes Jr. of Arapahoe, and L. Horn of Las Animas.

For Representative in Congress .- Thomas Macon of Fremont.

For Judges of the Supreme Court .- M. B. Gerry of Montrose, Amos J. Rising of Custer.

For Governor .- Thomas M. Patterson of Arapahoe.

For Lieutenant-Governor .- John A. Porter of La Plata.

For Secretary of State-William R. Earhart of Boulder.

For State Treasurer -Amos G. llenderson of Lake.

For Auditor of State .- Leopold Mayer of Saguache.

For Attorney-General .- J. M. Abbott of Washington.

For Superintendent of Public Instruction .- John L. Howe of Rio Grande.

For Regents State University,-Charles Ambrook of Boulder, Frank A. Chavez of Conejos.

For Chairman State Central Committee .- Charles S. Thomas of Arapahoe.

The Prohibition state convention met in the Chamber of Commerce, Tuesday, Angust 28th, 1888, and nominated the candidates following:

For Judges of the Supreme Court .- A. W. Brazee and V. E. Gunnell.

For Representative in Congress .- George W. Woy.

For Governor .- Rev. Gilbert De La Matyr.

For Lieutenant-Governor .- W. R. Fowler.

For Secretary of State .- J. H. Houghton.

For State Treasurer .- George W. Currier.

For Auditor of State .- W. A. Rice.

For Attorney-General .- John Hipp.

For Superintendent of Public Instruction .- II. E. Gordon.

For Regents State University .- William B. Wheeler and I. J. Keator.

In November the Republicans elected their state ticket, together with a good working majority in both branches of the legislature. The ticket was nominated and the campaign conducted with the explicit understanding that Edward O. Wol- cott would be the principal candidate for the United States senate to succeed Thomas M. Bowen ; therefore, while the state nominees were by no means neglected, especial

HISTORY OF COLORADO.

attention was paid to the election of candidates for the legislature by the party man- agers.

The Seventh General Assembly convened at Denver, Wednesday, January 3rd, 1889. Col. M. B. Carpenter was elected president pro tempore of the senate, Willard B. Felton of Fremont secretary, and Stanley Stokes of Arapahoe assistant secretary ..

In the permanent organization of the house, H. H. Eddy of Routt was made speaker, and R. M. Stevenson of Pueblo clerk.

On the night of that day the Republican senatorial caucus was held, Senator Charles E. Noble of El Paso presiding. Col. M. B. Carpenter nominated Edward O. Wolcott in a well-digested address. Thomas M. Bowen was nominated by Rep- resentative John H. Shaw of Rio Grande, and Horace A. W. Tabor by Senator C. T. Harkison of Arapahoe. In the balloting Wolcott received 45 votes, Bowen 15 and Tabor 1. Mr. Wolcott's nomination was made unanimous.

The senatorial succession having been definitely determined at the opening of the session, legislative deliberations were but briefly disturbed by factional differ- ences growing out of this absorbing issue. On the 4th, Governor Adams delivered his final message, an able and instructive state paper. Everyone realized that his duties had been conscientiously discharged, and that the office had been worthily filled.

Governor-elect Cooper was inaugurated with imposing ceremonies January 8th, 1889, the festivities being crowned by a grand inaugural ball at the Tabor Opera House. Of his administration it may be said that it was unattended by any striking incident to render it remarkable. Most of his appointments met with public approval, peace and prosperity reigned throughout his official term.

Balloting for a senator occurred in each branch of the Assembly January 15th. In the senate Mr. Wolcott received 19 and Charles S. Thomas, the Democratic nom- inee, 5 votes. In the house Mr. Wolcott received 43, Mr. Thomas 6. On the 16th, the two houses met in joint session, when Mr. Wolcott was duly elected senator for a term of six years beginning March 4th, 1889. At the present writing his term is nearing its close, but his re-election by the Tenth Assembly is assured. His career in the senate has been both brilliant and useful to the state. At an early period he attracted national attention by his extremely magnetic personality, and the elo- quence of his addresses upon great national issues. He has stood steadfastly by his illustrious colleague, Senator Teller, upon all questions affecting the welfare of this commonwealth and the country at large. Universally admired, he has been a poten- tial factor in the more important debates arising upon the floor of the most august legislative body in the world.

While it is true that no legislative body escapes sharp criticism, it is a matter of record that the Seventh General Assembly gave sufficient cause for much, if not all the vehement reproach cast upon it. It was bitterly assailed in the public prints; the credit of the state was attacked and quite seriously imperilled by the virtual repudiation of certain warrants drawn for printing and stationery and other supplies. It was charged that many of the members were grossly immoral; that the closing hours of the session were scandalized by debauchery; that stationery supplies amounting to thousands of dollars were boxed up and shipped to their homes by some of the senators and representatives; that dozens of Webster's unabridged dic- tionaries, splendid bronze and cut glass inkstands, gallons of ink and mucilage with other costly materials found their way to the same destinations; that a number of fine expensive desks disappeared from the stock of legislative furniture, and even spittoons, carpets and rugs were not overlooked in the general scramble for spoils. Beyond any question of doubt many, indeed most of those accusations, were true. The only reasonable defense that has appeared is, that considering its opportunities and inclinations, the public debt was not increased so much as it might have been.

When Frederick W. Pitkin surrendered the government of Colorado to his suc-

HISTORY OF COLORADO.

cessor, there was no public debt. State warrants were at par, and at times com- manded a premium. The reason for this admirable condition was, that he constantly watched the finances of the state, checked legislative extravagance in its inception. and sharply supervised the offices of the Auditor and Treasurer. He set his face sternly against every departure from strict lines of economy in all departments. Therefore, it becomes a pleasure to put upon permanent record the declaration that Frederick W. Pitkin was the best executive for the people that has thus far occupied the office of chief magistrate in our state. Every subsequent Assembly, except the 5th, has left its burden of debt; the 4th $324,666.80; the 6th increased it to $565,- 039.80; the 7th to $687,498.83; the 8th to $862,499.34, and so on until it is now more than a million dollars. Since we cannot recall that splendid patriot and states- man from the silence of eternal sleep, let us at least study and profit by the great lessons Governor Pitkin not only inculcated but practiced, to the benefit and happi- ness of the commonwealth.

We now proceed to summarize the last campaign to be noted in this history, that of 1890, which, so far as Arapahoe county was concerned, was the stormiest and most disgraceful in the record of the Republican party in this state. After a tempest of dissensions incident to the primary elections, resulting in two conventions which provoked bitter antagonisms, the Republican state convention assembled in Coli- seum Hall, on Wednesday, September 17th, 1890. Alexander Gullett of Gunnison was made temporary chairman, and Abe Roberts of Montrose, secretary. This organization was subsequently made permanent. After much difficulty in the com- mittee on credentials, arising from the opposing delegations from Arapahoe county, one representing what was derisively termed "the Gang" and the other "the Gang Smashers," the convention finally settled down to business and, in due process, put forth the following nominations:

For Representative in Congress .- Hosea Townsend of Custer.

For Governor .- John L. Routt of Arapahoe.

For Lieutenant-Governor .- W. W. Story of Ouray.

For Secretary of State .- Edwin J. Eaton of El Paso.

For State Treasurer .- John H. Fessler of Garfield.

For Auditor of State .- John M. Henderson of Lake.

For Attorney-General .- Samuel W. Jones of Summit.

For Superintendent of Public Instruction .- Fred Dick of Las Animas.

For Regents State University .- O. J. Pfeiffer of Arapahoe, W. H. Cochran of Rio Grande.

For Chairman of the State Central Committee .- E. M. Ashley.

The Democratic state convention assembled in Turner Hall, Wednesday, Sep- tember 24th, 1890, was called to order by Charles S. Thomas, chairman of the cen- tral committee, and Jacob Fillius of Georgetown made chairman. In admirable order, without unnecessary noise or serious difference, the delegates proceeded to nominate as follows:

For Representative in Congress .- T. J. O'Donnell of Arapahoe.

For Governor .- Caldwell Yeaman of Las Animas.

For Licutenant-Governor .- Platt Rogers of Arapahoe.

For Secretary of State .- William T. Foreman of Summit.

For State Treasurer .- James N. Carlile of Pueblo.

For Auditor of State .- W. T. Skelton of Washington.

For Attorney-General .- Joseph H. Maupin of Fremont.

For Superintendent of Public Instruction .- Dr. N. B. Coy of Jefferson.

For Regents State University .- Charles L. Ford of Arapahoe, H. O. Montague of San Juan.

For Chairman State Central Committee .- Frank P. Arbuckle of Arapahoe.

ARAPAHOE CO. COURT HOUSE

HISTORY OF COLORADO.

In the November election, the Democrats elected Carlile of Pueblo State Treas- urer upon the direct issue of his pledge to turn into the treasury every dollar of interest earned by the deposit of public funds (which, by the way, for the first time was faithfully kept), Joseph H. Maupin, Attorney General, and Dr. N. B. Coy, Superin- tendent of Public Instruction, each of whom made an excellent record without blem- ish in the succeeding administration, thereby illustrating the advantage of an oeca- sional change in political conduct. But perhaps the larger eredit is due to Mr. Car- lile, the only treasurer who up to that time had not diverted the interest on public funds to his own private use. Mr. Maupin was an able and faithful officer, and Mr. Coy notably the best superintendent of instruction that has ever graced the office.

John L. Routt is an effective campaigner. In this instance his canvass was mainly a personal one, unmarked by rhetorical flourish on the rostrum, but strong in immediate and constant intercourse with the common people. From the outset his election was assured. Judge Caldwell Yeaman, his competitor in the race, was generally and favorably known south of Pueblo as a refined and polished gentleman, a distinguished lawyer and jurist, a man eminently fitted for the bench and equally well equipped for the office of chief magistrate, but in the northerly division of the state he was comparatively unknown. He made a vigorous canvass on the stump, but in the finality was compelled to submit to overwhelming odds.

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History of the State of Colorado, Volume IV, Part 1

Author: Hall, Frank, 1836-1917. cn; Rocky Mountain Historical Company Publication date: 1889-95 Publisher: Chicago, Blakely print. Co. Number of Pages: 791

Author: Hall, Frank, 1836-1917. cn; Rocky Mountain Historical Company
Publication date: 1889-95
Publisher: Chicago, Blakely print. Co.
Number of Pages: 791