USA > Connecticut > Hartford County > Windsor > The history of ancient Windsor, Connecticut > Part 12
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118
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
that we would cheerfully pay him better "day's wages," for "running" a few lines over again, than ever he received for similar services in his lifetime. Had we been believers in spiritualism, we should have promptly put ourselves en rapport with his spirit, and questioned him earnestly about many items of needed information. But as it was, we were obliged to trust to our own unaided efforts; and in truth, if honest Matthew had as much trouble in "running lines " for the first settlers through the virginal forests and tangled undergrowth of old Windsor, as we had in "running " them over again, after the lapse of two centuries, through his crabbed handwriting on the crumbling pages of the old books - he must have had a hard life of it. We are now fully prepared to believe the tradition that old Matthew was wont to say, as he returned at sunset, wearied and jaded, from his day's labor at surveying, that he " wouldn't accept all the land he had bounded that day, as pay for his labor."1
But to return to our subject - the deficiencies in the records themselves. We find that some lands are bounded by those of persons who had previously removed from Windsor; which lands had subsequently reverted to the town. Or, we find that others have their lands bounded by neighbors whose lands are not recorded. Or, again, lands seem to have passed from a first owner to a subsequent one, through two or three intermediate owners, whose names do not appear on record, and are only acci- dentally found in some other connection.
Now these are great obstacles - but not insuperable - and before patient investigation, the mist of doubt is gradually dispelled, and "the crooked paths made straight." Mainly, then, through the perseverance of our coadjutor, Mr. JABEZ H. HAYDEN, whose familiarity, from boyhood, with the topography as well as the local history of his native town, and its records, abundantly qualify him for this "labor of love " - we are. able to present our readers with a map of Ancient Windsor. And although, from obvious reasons, we have not attempted to point out the exact spot whereon each house stood, yet we are
1 He might " change his tune " somewhat in these days, if he could see those same lands under tobacco.
119
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
reasonably confident that we have correctly located each man's home-lot. It may be taken then, as a fair picture, not of all we wish to know, but of all we do know - of the "distribution and plan of Windsor," two hundred years ago.
Presumptive evidence leads us to the conclusion that the Dor- chester party first settled on the north side of the Rivulet or Farmington River. Saltonstall's party under Mr. Francis Stiles, evidently made their beginning (from which they were shortly after driven off by the Massachusetts men) near the present Ellsworth place. And, aside from the prudential motives which would have induced the first comers to settle, as much as pos- sible near together; it is natural to suppose that their settlement on the north side of the stream, would afford less cause of com- plaint on the part of the Plymouth Company, with whom they were at that time endeavoring to effect a compromise.
Matthew Grant, also, in describing the origin of the ancient palisado, which was erected at the beginning of the Pequot war, on the northern bank of the Rivulet, states that it was built by "our inhabitants on Sandy Bank " who "gathered them- selves nearer together from their remote dwellings, to provide for their safety." Sandy Bank, as it was anciently named, is synonymous with the Meadow Bank, which overlooks the Con- necticut River Meadows; and " their remote dwellings," extended northward along this bank, in the line of the present street. There is also, to our mind, a significance in the use of the word our (which we have italicised) as applied to the Dorchester settlers, in contradiction to the Plymouth Company. The dis- pute between the two parties was not adjusted until after the beginning of the Pequot war, and we find no evidence whatever of any settlement south of the Rivulet, by the Dorchester party, until after the close of the war. When that event brought safety to the English homes, they were not slow to improve the rich lands to which their Plymouth neighbors had reluctantly yielded their right.
And now, with map in hand, and the old records in our pockets for convenient reference, we are prepared to accompany the reader in his walks about Ancient Windsor. We stand upon the Palisado Green, the veritable shrine of Windsor history and
120
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
romance. Very pleasant it is, as we see it now, in the warm sunset light of a summer day, lined with noble trees, behind whose waving tracery neat and elegant dwellings assert the presence of happy homes. On this spot, more than two centu- ries ago, our fathers dwelt; here, protected by the rude log de- fence which their own hands had thrown up, they slept secure from savage foe; here stood the meeting house, wherein the gentle Warham and the earnest Huit preached and prayed; here, too, was the little village graveyard, close under the pali- sado wall, where -- one by one - they put off life's toils and cares, and laid them down to an eternal rest.
" Their winter past, Fair spring at last Receives them on her flow'ry shore ; Where pleasure's rose Immortal blows, And sin and sorrow are no more !"
The history of this interesting locality is as follows:
Upon the breaking out of the Pequot war in 1637, the Windsor People, as a precaution against surprisal by the Indians, sur- rounded their dwellings at this spot, with a fortification or pali- sado. This consisted of strong high stakes or posts, set close together, and suitably strengthened on the inside, while on the outside a wide ditch was dug, the dirt from which was thrown up against the palisades, and the whole formed a tolerably strong defence against any slender resources which the uncivil- ized Indian could bring to bear against it. It was of course necessary to keep a constant guard within the enclosure, to prevent the enemy from climbing over, or setting fire to the palisades. It was the fatigue of supplying these watches, that so exhausted the men (as Mr. Ludlow sorrowfully wrote to Mr. Pynchon during the absence of the Pequot expedition), " that they could scarce stand upon their legs."
The whole length of this line of palisades was more than three fourths of a mile, enclosing an irregular parrallelogram of con- siderable extent. From the southwest corner of the burying ground, it extended along the brow of the hill overlooking the Farmington eastward to the Meadow hill. This south line was
خدمفى
121
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
60 rods long.1 Its west line extended northward 69 rods, along the brow of the hill west of the burying ground. Its east line ran along the brow of the Meadow Hill, 80 rods northward; and its north line ran across from hill to hill near the present resid- ence of Mrs. Giles Ellsworth, and was 50 rods in length.
When the first palisado was built, those who bad their home- lots within its limits, resigned their title for the benefit of the whole community. Matthew Grant, for instance, says that he originally had six acres, but resigned it all up except where his buildings stood. This was the case with others. The following plan of the palisado was drawn in 1654, by Matthew Grant, who
50
80
Town house
Grant
Capt
Dible
T. Parsons
W
MY Clark
W. Gaylord
Marshel
Eyler
Against the Meadow.
Strony
Burying place
D.Wilton
69
Rivulet.
60
Plan of the Ancient Palisado Plot in Windsor.
was at that time recorder. He thus discourses concerning it: "And seeing I am entered into the palisado, I will speak a little of the original of it ; about 1637 years, when the English had war with the Pequot Indians, our inhabitants on Sandy
1 Along the south side of the passage leading from the meeting-house to the burying ground, are now to be seen the remains of a ditch, believed to have been a part of the south line of the fortification.
16
Egelston
Ili Way
Philups
Palezado Plott.
122
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
Bank gathered themselves nearer together from their remote dwellings, to provide for their safety, set upon fortifying, and with palizado, which [land] some particular men resigned up out of their properties for that end, and [it] was laid out into small parcels, to build upon; some four rods in breadth, some five, six, seven, some eight - it was set out after this manner.1
These building places were at first laid out of one length, that was sixteen rods, but differ [in breadth] as aforesd. Also on all sides within the outmost fence, there was left two rods in breadth for a common way, to go round within side the Palizado," to the rear of the building lots. This left an open space in the centre (marked W in the plan) nearly 20 rods wide and 30 rods long.
When peace was again restored, "divers men left their places [in the Palisado] and returned to their lots [outside] for their conveniences. Some that staid (by consent of the town) en- larged their gardens. Some had 2, some 3, some 4, plats to their own propriety, with the use of the two rods in breath round the outside, every one according to his breadth, only with this reserve concerning the two rods, that if in future time there be need of former fortification, to be repaired, that then each man should resign up the two aforesd two rods for a way only for common use. Note, that in the west corner of the aforesd plot there is reserved for a common Burying Ground, one particular parcel that is six rods in breadth, all the length on one side, and one end take it together, it is eight rod in breadth, and eighteen in length."
It will be recollected that this plan shows the division of lots and names of owners seventeen years after the Pequot war. We purpose to show its distribution and inhabitants previous to 1654.
Our plan of arrangement in the following chapter is as fol- lows: Ist. The name of the first owner, so far as the records show, of each home lot. 2dly. The place of his nativity in England, and the date of his arrival in New England, as far as we can ascertain; together with the time of his arrival in Wind-
1 Here in the record the foregoing plan is inserted.
STRAWBERRY MEADOW
PLAN
PALISADO.
MATTHEW CRAN
WAL. HUBBARD
CEO. PHILIPS
SCT.T. STAYRES CAPT. J. MASON
P
THOS. THORNTON
JOHN TAYLOR
SMITH SHOP
BARBER SHOP
WALT, FYLER
0
DECAT ECCLESTON
OAVIO WILTON
JOHN TINKER
0
SAM, BARTLETT
INDIAN
NECK
N
TO NORTHAMPTON
STONY
W-
N
VEW
CUNN'S BROOK
WM HAYDEN
MR J.ST NICOLAS
HILL
WJOHN BANCROFT
3H1
5.120H
SANDY HILL
PETER TILTON
ANTHONY HAWKINS JOHN HAWKES JOHN ROCKWELL
JOSIAH HULL
HUMPHREY PINNEY
JOHN WAYNES ESq.
DEA,WE CAYLDRO
JOHN & THOS HOSKINS
THOS L STOUGHTON THOS. QUIN
THOS. NOLOOMA
PHILIP RANOALL
WH PHELPS SA.
EDDY TILLY
WY HANNUM
WH PHELPS JR.
JOSVAN CARTER
PICEON
WM. HUBBARD
1403. WINCHELL
ALEX. ALVORD
HUMPHREY HYDE
JOHN HILLYE
LANE
w* HOSFORD
00K
CEO. STUCKEY
13773 NYHLYN
L 31113 NYHAVNON
RICO BIRCE
ALVORD
J00 09
JOSEPH MEWAURY I
WM.PHPLAS
OR. B. ROSSITER
SAICE VORE
D
JAQUER WILLIANS
TROS. MARSHFIELD.
IMR. J. DRANKER THOS. MOORE JOHN MOORE
JOHN WITHFIELOW
JAS. MARSHALLA
ROAD TO WOODLOTS
CODOMAN WHITEHEAD
VONN PORTER
PLAN
OF
JOHN WYATT
AMBROSE
FOWLER
MEADOW
1640-1654
RICHARDSON. N.Y.
No. 1 MAP.
RIVER
HILL
THOS. ORTON
WM. FILLEY
WE ROCKWELL
MARY COLLINS THOS. BAŠCOMB
JOHN OWEN
MR. CEO. HULL
MILL B
THOS.BARBER
WM. THRALL
TNOS. FORD
WM. BUELL
SAM. PONO
THOS. DEWEY.
ELTWOOD POMEROY AARON COOK. "CAPT"
SCT. BENEDIC TUS
JASPER
VORE'
RAWLINS
PONT
MEADOW
GREAT
BOWFIE
SAM. ALLEA MA ROCEA
LUOLOW
LITTLE MEADOW
GREAT
THE
ROAD ON THE UPLANOS TO HARTFORD
TO HARTFORD THRO'? THE MEADOW
CEO PHELPS HEN WOLCOTT SR. HEN.WOLCOTT JR. MATTHEW ALLYN
TRADING HOUSE
Ancient Windsor
1633.
ELIAS MARKMAN
CAPT. COOK
REV. MR. HUIT
MICHACL TRY
SSENCHION
FRAS. CIBBS
CROUND 1
BURYING
THOS, HOLCOMB
EO. CRISWOLD
F
0 0
JOHN DRAKE 5 TO PINE MEADOW JOHN BI SSELL SA SA.
ROCKY
NEN STILE
FERRY
ES
WHIGAYLORDJA
M: FRAS. SmiES
10A18
MEADOW
SIMON HOYT
JONN STILES
AICHO. OLOACE
THOS CIBBARD
BRICK HILL
SWAMP
GILES GIBBS
JOSEAN CLARKE
NIC. SENCHION
NO1537373 1V338 ELIAS PLAKMAN
JOHN TAYLOR
JEFFRY RAKER
THOS. BUCKLAND
MR. STER TERRY
NIC. DENSLOW
COOK HILL
ROAD TO THE COMMONS
CLARKE
CHEV MA WARHAM
FERRY
JOHN DARTLE
:PALISADO
JOHN WILLIAMS
POUND CLOSE
TOWN
NUUSE
OF
ELTWODO FOMEROY
BREAK NECK
MATTHIAS
PLYMOUTH
JOSEPH LOOMIS
TO HØYT'S MEADOW
123
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
sor. 3dly. Notes or memorandum relative to subsequent sales and purchasers of the same property.
Starting, then, from the Burying Ground in the south-west corner of the Palisado - we find the lots of
FRANCIS GIBBS. Probably from Devonshire, where the name is common. Was a first comer at Dorchester.
THOMAS BASSETT. Came to Windsor with Mr. Stiles's party, 1635, afterwards removed to Fairfield.
WILLIAM HILL. An early settler at Dorchester, where he had land granted Nov. 2, 1635. He probably did not come to Windsor with the first company.
Lieut. DAVID WILTON. Probably came to Dorchester in 1633, thence to Windsor - from here he removed " from Wind- sor Church to go to Northampton to help to further a church there the beginning March 25, and now Feby. the 6, 1667 he was b[uried] here in Windsor, he died the day before " ( Old Church Record). He bought out the lots of his neighbors, Hill, Gibbs and Bassett, prior to 1654, when his name appears as sole proprietor on Grant's Plan of the Palisado. He made a contract in 1651 with the town, to keep the burying ground properly cleared and fenced, &c. The present First Congregational Church, probably stands near the south line of his lot, a little east of the middle of it.
These lots cover the ground now occupied by the new part of the burying ground; the First Congregational Church; and the residence of Henry Sill, Esq. Next to them on the land now occupied by the road to the bridge, the residence of the Misses Stiles, &c., were the lots of
Sgt. WALTER FYLER. Probably at Dorchester in 1630. His well is still in existence on the lot occupied by the Misses Stiles.
THOMAS THORNTON. Was at Dorchester probably as early as 1630- was one of the keepers of cows for that town in 1635. Sold his lot to John Strong, who lived there in 1654. ( See Palizado Plan.) This property is now owned by
124
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
Deacon Jasper Morgan. East of Strong's garden fence, a road turned down to the meadow. This is the same that now passes along by Dea. Jasper Morgan's house, and so to the meadow by Mr. Fenton's store. It was the old Rivulet Ferry Road, and we shall speak more fully of it in another place. North of this road, and at the southeast corner of the Palisado was the lot belonging to
Capt. JOHN MASON. One of the original Dorchester Company, who came in the Mary and John, in 1630; among the first at Windsor, whence he removed to Saybrook in 1647, and to Norwich in 1659. He sold out to Captain Samnel Marshall, who dwelt there in 1654. His next neighbor was Sgt. THOMAS STAYRES. Who afterwards sold to the Rev. EPHRAIM HUIT, who probably lived and died upon this place. It then passed to Mr. Clarke, who occupied it in 1654.
GEORGE PHILLIPS, one of the earliest settlers at Dorchester, occupied this place in 1654.
WILLIAM HUBBARD. Sold to THOMAS DIBBLE, who lived there in 1654.
MATTHEW GRANT. One of the original members of the Dor- chester Church, came to Dorchester in the Mary and John, 1630 - came to Windsor in September, 1635. Stood in the northeast corner of the Palisado, next to
THE TOWN HOUSE. This lot was first NICHOLAS DENSLOW'S. He sold it to Capt. Samuel Marshall, who was a notable real estate dealer in those days, and he sold it in 1654 to the "inhabitants of Windsor for a town house."1 It is described in the deed as his "dwelling house, barn, or- chard and land about it one acre more or less," together with a wood lot of 20 acres, &c., which the said inhabit- ants were "forever, fully and freely to enjoy for the benefit and entertainment of a minister successively." Shortly after, however (Feby. 10, 1656-7), at a town meeting, it "was called into question the legalness of the record of the
I The deed which records this purchase was not made until 1656.
125
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
town house, whereupon it was voted that the Townsmen should cause the whole town to meet as conveniently as they would, giving sufficient warning of the particular occasion to each man engaged in the purchase, that so there might be a joint debate for future settling of it. Also in the mean time Matthew Grant [who occupied the adjacent lot] was appointed by vote to see to the pre- serving of the house and orchard, and when any fruit came to ripeness the Townsmen should have the dispos- ing of it for the benefit of the town." (Town Acts, 1, 33.)
" September 28 -- The Town met to answer the appointment on the 8th of June before, but in the meeting little was done, but only the major part manifested themselves desirous to have the house sold, and every one to have his pay returned back to him, which he had laid out, if the sale of the house would reach to it."
The presumptive evidence, however, is, that the sale did not take place.
The same Town House was in existence in 1669-70, when it was refitted and occupied as a meeting-house by the dissenting party under the Rev. Mr. Woodbridge. Six years later, it was in a ruinous and dilapidated state, and the refusal of the town to repair it "upon a town cost," formed a serious " bone of con- tention " in the ecclesiastical dissentions which raged so fiercely at that period. It was occupied by the Woodbridge faction until the settlement of the controversy, in 1681; and was then "finished and made suitable " for the residence of the Rev. Mr. Samuel Mather, who became the pastor of the reconciled and united churches.
Perhaps on the same lot was another important structure, the Town Barn. In those days, when rates or taxes were paid in corn, pease, wheat, etc., etc., it was necessary to have a suitable place of deposit, to which the inhabitants could bring their tithes. It was probably among the earliest buildings erected in Windsor.
In January, 1659, "it was voted that the town barn should be put to sale, and that Mr. Allyn and Mr. Clark should do it
126
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
on behalf of the Town." In December, 1659, it was "agreed by the town that the town barn shall be repaired and thatched." Finally, December, 1660, the old barn "was sold to Samuel Marshall for £13:10s, and he is to give bill for the payment, either in wheat, pease, Indian corn, or pork at £3:10s the barrel."
" Also from the Palisado, runs a way northeasterly, called the common street, and is to be four rods wide."
Stepping across this " common road " we come first to the lot of
JOHN TAYLOR.
ELTWOOD POMEROY. Proprietor and first selectman at Dorches- ter in 1633.
After the Rev. Mr. Huit's death in 1644, his widow had a dwelling on Pomeroy's land. The Land Records preserve this item: " Whereas Eltwed Pomeroy formerly gave liberty to Mrs. Elizabeth Huit, in the time of her widowhood, in way of courtesy, to build her a house, by the help of her friends, adjoining to the end of his dwelling house, to use for her own during her life, which she enjoyed, and after her death the said Eltwed Pomeroy took it for his own, at a price agreed upon between him and those which she desired as her overseers and friends to order that little estate which she left for her children, which price he hath payed as they appointed him."
BEGAT EGGLESTON. Probably one of the first comers at Dorchester in 1630, freeman there in 1631 - who afterwards bought out his two neighbors, Taylor and Pomeroy, and ap- pears as the sole owner of this land, in the Plan of 1654. In 1662, he mortgaged "my now dwelling house, barn, &c., home lot and orchard, situate near the meeting- house."
Separated from this by a little lane,
ELIAS PARKMAN. Grantee of lands at Dorchester, 1633, then an inhabitant of Windsor - again at Dorchester in 1637- 8; removed afterwards to Boston.
127
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
Capt. AARON COOK. Probably in Dorchester in 1630 - from Windsor he removed to Northampton - from thence to Hadley-who bought out Parkman and Huit, and occupied the whole in 1654.
Rev. EPHRAIM HUIT. From Warwickshire, England -came to Windsor in 1639, died in 1644.
" There goeth out of the Palisado towards north-west a highway two rods wide; when past the house plots it is - larger."
Next south of this road, on the west side of the Palisado, and on the property now occupied by Dr. William S. Pierson, was the home lot of
MICHAEL TRY, who sold it to Richard Saxton, and he to Thomas Parsons, who lived there in 1654. Next south of this, on the lots now occupied by Dr. Wilson and Mr. Anson Loomis, was
MATTHIAS SENCHION at Dorchester in 1634; one of the keepers of the cows in 1637 - he did not come to Windsor with the first company, who sold to Walter Gaylord, who lived there in 1654.
Having now traveled round the Palisado, we will pause before leaving it, to point out a few more localities of some interest.
The ancient meeting-house stood in about the center of the open central space, on the spot now marked by a telegraph pole, in front of the residence of Dr. Pierson. About seven rods in front of Michael Try's lot, as originally laid out, and facing the western side of the meeting-house, stood the blacksmith shop. This was three or four rods in the rear of Dr. Pierson's present house. We learn from the Town Acts (Bk. 1, 4), that in 1650-1, March 17th, " The town did order by a vote that there shall be a plot of ground laid out within the palisado by Thomas Parson's house to build a house for the smith upon it."
The smith, who was thus favored, was probably one Thomas Mattock, who by a previous vote of the town had been granted an appropriation of £10 to " help him set up his trade in the
128
HISTORY OF ANCIENT WINDSOR.
town, provided he continued his tradc. If not, he was to refund it again." (Town Acts 1, 4.)
From some unexplained cause, however, Mattock seems not to have settled here in Windsor. Tahan Grant, son of our old friend Matthew, is the first blacksmith on record; he occupied the place "by Thomas Parsons'," granted by the town, and in 1662 purchased of Parsons's widow, Lydia, her dwelling house, with the land about it, three quarters of an acre in cxtent. This is the lot now owned by Dr. Pierson.
" Also, by gift of the town, a small parcel of land ncar about { of an acre in the street that lics between that which he bought [i. e. in front of it] and the smith's shop. Hc has all the breadth against his own [property] and [it] runs according to the range betwixt him and Walter Gaylord, up to range with the foreside of the shop, and is 6 rods, 2 fcct in breadth as it faccs against the meeting house."
We understand by this, that he was permitted to extend his lot east into the Palisado Common about 7 rods, in a line with the east side of his smith shop, which faced the meeting house.
Next south of this lot of Grant's, there stood, though at a subsequent period, a barber's shop, kept by James Eno, who came to Windsor about 1646.
On the Land Records, under date of Nov. 28, 1663, is "re- corded the grant of a stray of land of James Eno in the Pali- sado, to build him a shop upon, to barber in, and he has now built it." The land granted him was one rod in breadth next to that granted to Tahan Grant, and ran back a rod till it met Walter Gaylord's fence, which formed its west bound. It will be seen therefore that it was quite a small lot, bounded north by Grant, west by Gaylord, sontherly and easterly by the Pali- sado Common. The shop stood at its east end, about 6 rods south of the road running west by Dr. Pierson's, its front in a line with the front of the smith's shop, and facing the meeting house. This would locate it in the rear of Dr. Wilson's present residence.
THOMAS DEWEY. First settled at Dorchester, went to Westfield with his children and left this land to his daughter, the wife of George Phelps. In 1670 Phelps made over the
129
ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PLAN.
property to the Rev. Mr. Nath'l Chauncey, who was at that time colleague pastor over the first Society in Windsor.
AARON COOK. Gave the lot, to his son Aaron as a marriage portion.
In 1664, Aaron Cook of Hadley, made over his " dwelling house and land ", on Sandy Bank near by Goodman Pomeroy, to John Maudsley (Mosely).
ELTwood POMEROY. He also had a house in the Palisado.
WILLIAM HOSFORD. At Dorchester in 1630, made freeman in 1634.
NICHOLAS DENSLOW. At Dorchester in 1630, made freeman in 1633.
MR. STEPHEN TERRY. At Dorchester in 1630, a man of some dis- tinction.
MR. GEORGE HULL. A first comer and among the first grantees at Dorchester; was a deputy, also a selectman in 1635. He came to Windsor in 1637.
THOMAS BUCKLAND. Made free in Massachusetts, in 1635; at Windsor as early as 1638.
WILLIAM ROCKWELL. One of the original Dorchester Company, by the Mary and John, 1630, freeman the same year; signed the first grants of land in the plantation, and was first deacon with Mr. Gaylord of the Dorchester Church. Did not remove to Windsor with the first emigration.
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