USA > Iowa > Dubuque County > History of Dubuque County, Iowa; being a general survey of Dubuque County history, including a history of the city of Dubuque and special account of districts throughout the county, from the earliest settlement to the present time > Part 22
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The city secured Eagle Point Park at a cost of about $18,000 in 1908. Paderewski was here in January, 1908. The Home Comers' organization was conspicuous this year. A $100,000 pack- ing plant offered to come here upon certain conditions. Thomas Loftus was president of the Three-I Baseball League in 1898. At this time the Union Electric Company added twenty acres to Union Park. The Iowa Bankers' Association met in Dubuque on May 5, 1908. It was a notable gathering. The Old Settlers added three acres to the park at Dubuque's Grave. In October, 1908, Bayless Business College held its golden jubilee anniversary. An excellent exhibition of art works was opened to the public at the Carnegie- Stout Library, under the auspices of the Woman's Club, late in 1908. At the Tri-State Fair in 1908 Minor Heir trotted a mile in 2:0214. Immense crowds attended the fair and races.
The citizens indulged in pleasing dreams of a Greater Dubuque in 1909-II. The Moon liquor bill became a law this year. It lim- ited the number of saloons to one in every 1,000 population. On April 4, 1909, the Union Electric Company turned its lights on in Union Park. A delegation of Dubuque's business men was sent to Des Moines in 1909 to appear before the senatorial committee to
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
protest against the resubmission of prohibition to the vote of the people as a constitutional amendment. Free text books in the schools were voted down here this year. On July 4, 1909, the law prohibiting the sale of cigarettes went into effect. In the spring of 1909 two distinct earthquake shocks were felt at Dubuque. The water works were declared taxable. Vast crowds assembled at the Tri-State Fair. During the fair 2.91 inches of rain fell in one hour. Many fine buildings were erected in 1909. Dubuque branch of Armour & Co. planned to erect a building to cost $40,000. The new Princess Theater was opened in September. There was a 30,000 paid attendance at the baseball games here in 1909.
A site for a bathing house on the river front near the harbor was granted in 1909. The Dubuque Memorial Association applied for the privilege of building a hall in one of the parks. The city appro- priation for 1909-10 was $207,522; for 1910-II it was $305,- 578.26, and for 1911-12 it was $297,529.
To the Young Woman's Christian Building subscription Peter Kiene, John V. Rider, B. W. Lacy and J. T. Adams gave $500 each in 1910. On March 1, 1911, the total city debt was as follows :
General bonded debt.
$ 734,282.00
Water works bonds
324,000.00
Floating debt
224,522.74
Total
$1,282,804.74
The Dubuque Clearing House Association was organized April 16, 1891, and consisted of eight members: First National, Second National, Dubuque National, Dubuque County, Iowa Trust & Sav- ings, German Trust & Savings, German, and Citizens' State. The meetings were held at the office of the Dubuque National. The first officers were: P. J. Lee, president ; E. W. Duncan, vice-presi- dent ; James Harragan, manager. The clearings from May, 1894, to May, 1895, were $12,469,000. In 1910 they were about $50,- 000,000. The present officers are: P. J. Lee, president ; B. F. Blocklinger, vice-president ; James Harragan, manager.
BOATING, RIVER COMMERCE, ETC.
S TEAMBOATING on the Western rivers ante-dated the arrival of permanent settlers. Particularly was this the case at Du- buque. In 1811 the first steamboat was built for the Ohio and Mississippi rivers; by 1838 there were in existence on those streams 638 steamers, besides about 6,000 flatboats and keelboats. Before 1832 many steamers came up to Galena and Prairie du Chien ; of course, as there was no Dubuque yet, only an Indian en- campment called "Little Fox Village," the most of the boats did not touch here, though no doubt a few did to load the lead mined by the Indians and carry their furs and hides to market. As a matter of fact, nearly all the first settlers who did not come across the country from Illinois and Wisconsin, came here by steamboat. By 1834 the steamboats on Western waters numbered 234.
In 1832 Capt. N. F. Webb commanded the Tippecanoe and vis- ited all up-river ports, including what is now Dubuque. His home was at New Albany, Indiana. He became well and favorably known to all persons along the upper Mississippi. At different times he commanded the Flora, Fannie Harris, Ocean Wave, Itasca, Milwaukee, and the government boat Montana. In 1850 he moved to Galena. He was finally so injured in an accident on the United States dredgeboat Montana that his death resulted a few days later. At every port along the river and on every steamer, flags were hung at half-mast. His death occurred at St. Paul.
In 1834, at the time O'Connor was hung in Dubuque, Capt. Har- ris, with the steamer Jo Daviess, brought here a large crowd from Galena to witness the execution. This boat went up the Wisconsin river as far as Fort Winnebago in 1834.
Many steamers sailed the Upper Mississippi in 1836, and among those that touched at Dubuque were the Dubuque, Captain Atchi- son; Wisconsin, Captain O'Flaherty; Missouri Fulton, Captain Smith; Heroine, Captain Tomlin; Olive Branch, Captain Strother.
"The new and splendid steamboat Missouri Fulton arrived at this port on Friday last with 225 passengers on board and 250 tons of freight. The Missouri Fulton made her last trip from Galena to St. Louis in thirty-five hours, being the quickest trip ever made between those ports."-I'isitor, May 11, 1836.
The Frontier arrived here May 16, 1836, having returned from a trip up Rock river as far as Dixon's Ferry with an "eighty ton keel." The Gipsy, Adventure, Captain Lafferty ; Galenean, Captain
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
Plasterage; St. Peters, Captain Throckmorton; Missouri Fulton, Captain Perin; Smelter, Captain Harris.
In August, 1836, the Missouri Fulton arrived, having made the trip from St. Louis to Dubuque in 78 hours, with a detention of 30 hours on the way, thus with an actual running time up stream of 48 hours. She carried 325 cabin and 100 deck passengers and 250 tons of freight. This was the quickest trip on record thus far.
Late in 1836 Captain Briggs commanded the Olive Branch and Captain Van Houten the Adventure. J. Parsons operated a ferry across the river ten miles above Dubuque, opposite the old Snake Diggings. Authority was given to Mathias Ham and Horace Smead to operate a ferry at Eagle Point, where there was a place called Ham's Landing; it was on the southeast quarter of section 20. The Waller smelting furnace stood at Rockdale in 1836.
Capt. D. S. Harris died in 1893, being a resident of Galena. In 1823 he came to Galena on the steamer Col. Bumford and found the place a rude mining camp. He engaged in the steamboat trade. He and his brother built the first steamer constructed at Galena- on the river bottom near the mouth of Hughlett's branch, and called her Jo Daviess. In 1834 Captain Harris took her to St. Louis with a cargo of lead and sold both cargo and boat. The next year the two brothers built the Frontier at Cincinnati. They . next built the "Smelter," which ran between Cincinnati and Galena in 1836 and 1837, the round trip occupying twenty-one days. He afterward built the Relief in 1838, the War Eagle in 1839, the Pizarro in 1840, the Pre-emption and Otter in 1842, and the New St. Paul in 1843. In the twenty-eight years of his river experience he built or was interested in nearly one hundred steamers. His last trip was in the Grey Eagle, which struck the Rock Island bridge in 1861 and went down. In 1833 he married Susan M. Lang- worthy, daughter of Dr. Stephen Langworthy. His second wife was Saralı Coates. He left ten children, two or three residing in Dubuque county.
In the spring of 1837 the horse ferry-boat used here to convey across the river passengers, teams, live stock, etc., was struck by a steamer and sunk; this loss necessitated the use for a while of a flatboat, propelled by oars. At this date the ferry right was owned by General Jones and was estimated to be worth $25,000; the toll for one adult was 25 cents. The Pavillion, Captain Lafferty, ran from Dubuque to St. Peters in May, 1837. The ferry at Eagle Point was in operation in May. In June the new steamer Burling- ton, Captain Throckmorton. touched here on its way up to St. Peters. Mrs. Hamilton, widow of Alexander Hamilton, the great statesman who was killed in a duel by Aaron Burr, was a passen- ger. In June and again in July, 1837, the river was from fifteen to eighteen feet above low mater mark.
In July, 1837, the Irene passed down from St. Peters, having on
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board three companies of United States troops bound for Jefferson barracks, Missouri. At this time about 400 Indians were gathered at Fort Snelling to meet the United Statets commissioner, Governor Dodge. A treaty was on the tapis.
By ordinance, 1837, there was a port physician whose duty it was to board every steamboat or other vessel coming from any port known to be infected with any disease and examine the passengers and crew previous to their landing. All such persons were to be prevented from landing.
On August 15, 1837, a few miles below Bloomington, on the upper Mississippi river, the steamer Dubuque burst one of its flues and scalded to death sixteen persons and dangerously scalded many others, several of whom afterwards died. The captain of the boat was Smoker.
The steamer Dubuque about September 19, 1837, ran on a snag just above Hannibal, Missouri, tore a large hole in her hull and sank quickly in twelve feet of water. The principal cargo was groceries and flour. The boat was a total loss.
The distance by river from St. Louis to Dubuque was reck- oned at 475 miles. Many steamers touched here in the fall of 1837 and many passengers were landed. bound mostly for the interior.
There was a small snow squall about November 20, 1837, but aside from that the weather had been fine up to December 2, 1837. The river was open, but business had largely suspended, owing to fear of sudden changes to winter.
The steamboat Gipsy arrived here on December 8, 1837. She had tried to go up Fever river to Galena, but ice prevented. The river had risen a foot in twenty-four hours; considerable floating ice in the Mississippi.
The steamers Gipsy and Smelter visited Dubuque many times in 1837-8; they brought up many passengers and immense quanti- ties of freight. Usually just before navigation closed, store sup- plies for the winter were brought up in astonishing quantities ; the same rush occurred each spring to market at St. Louis and other points down the river the products of the upper country. The new steamer Demoine, Captain Cole, arrived from below on March 23, 1838; she was "very handsome" and drew only twenty-two inches. In 1838 the Gipsy was commanded by Captain Gray ; Bee, by Captain Burnham; Cygnet : Brazil, by Capt. Orrin Smith.
The Knickerbocker, Capt. Van Houten, arrived here for the first time May 4, 1838; she had fifty berths in the gentlemen's cabin, all in staterooms, and handsomely furnished.
In 1838 for the first time the steamboats began to carry the mail regularly to all up-river ports as far as Prairie du Chien. This was an important step, because previously all mail came to up- river points by stage and horseback across Illinois and Wisconsin.
The steamboat Gipsy, Captain Gray, ascended Rock river to the
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
mouth of the Pecatonica in May, 1838. Dixon's Ferry had been reached by the Frontier in the spring of 1837. The steamer Brazil ran up to St. Peter's in June, 1838, with a large passenger and freight list ; notice of this trip was given in advance by the News:
"Fast Travelling .- A gentleman of this place arrived yesterday morning (June 8, 1838) on the Rolla, having come up from New Orleans in ten days less seven hours, including twenty-seven hours spent in St. Louis. This is the quickest trip ever made on the Mississippi. He came on board the steamer St. Louis as far as St. Louis." (Iowa Newes, June 9, 1838.)
"The steamer Brazil, Captain Smith, passed this place on Tuesday evening last on a trip of pleasure to the Falls of St. Anthony-that far-famed place for the resort of fashion-laden with beauty and all the other little et ceteras. The sound of the music and tripping of the light fantastic toe, together with the splendor of the boat, made us envy a trip-but we don't go." (Iowa Neros, June 16, 1838.)
The steamboat Wisconsin, in 1838, went from the Fort Win- nebago portage in Wisconsin, about 200 miles from Prairie du Chien, down to St. Louis. At the time the Wisconsin was at Fort Winnebago the water was flowing from Fox river of Green bay across into the Wisconsin river.
During 1838 on the upper Mississippi the following accidents to boats occurred : Ariel, struck a rock, sank, raised; Des Moines, snagged, raised: Irene, snagged, lost; Indian, snagged, raised ; Quincy, damaged, repaired ; Science, snagged, lost. (Statement of Henry G. Carson, pilot. )
The Mississippi river, late in July, 1838, was very high-about ten feet above low water mark-higher than it had been since last year. It rose over a foot in twenty-four hours.
In December, 1838, an act of the Iowa territorial legislature authorized Timothy Fanning to operate a ferry at Dubuque for twenty years. He was required to land at any required part of the river front of the town; to keep ample boats and facilities, and two years later was to put on a steam ferryboat and a suffi- cient number of flatboats.
The river at Dubuque was wholly clear of ice by March 16, 1839, and in a good stage for navigation. The Demoine left March 16 for St. Louis, loaded with lead.
"Boats are now plying rapidly between this place and St. Louis. The Pavilion, Ariel, Rhine, Hero and Rio have departed since our last. The Brazil will be here this morning."-(Iowa Newes, March 16, 1839. )
The river traffic was very brisk and large in 1838 and 1839. Large numbers of settlers and live stock, and quantities of house- hold goods, arrived by every steamer and passed into the interior.
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
Their presence created the demand for store goods and the towns and villages grew prosperous.
"The Mississippi continues open with but little ice running. The steamboat Rapids ascended as far as Rock Island on Tuesday morning last, but fearing cold weather, returned. Last night snow fell to the depth of about four inches."-(Iowa News, December 14, 1839.)
"Pleasure excursions to the Falls of St. Anthony-the Ha-ha- wat-e-pa (laughing waters) of the Sioux-are becoming quite fashionable this season. The fast, beautiful and popular steam- boat Brazil touched at Dubuque on her way up, with a large com- pany of ladies and gentlemen in high spirits on Monday evening." -(Iowa News, July 23, 1840.)
In January, 1840, George W. Jones was authorized to keep a ferry on the Mississippi at Dubuque for twenty years; he was not to conflict with ferry charter of Timothy Fanning and was per- mitted to use either horses or steam. In July, 1840, Congress appropriated $1,000 for the survey of a steamboat landing at Dubuque.
"The Mississippi has been rapidly rising for the last four or five days, which has made a temporary suspension of the works on the canal in our harbor necessary."-(Iowa News, June 26, 1841.)
In 1843, Thomas McCraney and James Churchman operated a ferry at the upper end of Dubuque.
In 1841-43, the following boats, among others, were engaged in trade on the upper Mississippi; their tonnage follows: Agnes, 92; Amaranth, 200; Chippewa, 102; Galena, 115; General Brooke, 120; Illinois, 120: Indian Queen, 115; Ione, 140; Iowa, 112; Jasper, 98; Malta, 130; Mermaid, 160; Nauvoo, 125; New Brazil, 200; Ohio, 130; Osage, 140; Osprey, 105; Otter, 95; Potosi, 115; Rapids, 115; Sarah Ann, 135; St. Louis Oak, 115; and eleven transient boats with an aggregate tonnage of 1,300. In 1841 these boats made 143 trips, carried freight worth $124,000, and passengers to the amount of $73,400 fares. (See Sen. Doc. No. 242, 28th Cong., 12th session, Vol. IV.)
The Jasper was commanded by Captain Roberts and was de- signed for up-river trade, having small draught. In 1842 numer- ous meetings along the river were held for the purpose of securing an improvement of navigation. In 1843, the principal boats touch- ing here were: New Brazil, Iowa, Osprey, Potosi, Ohio, Rapids, General Brooke, St. Louis Oak. Galena, Sarah Ann, Amaranth, Leander and Osage. In 1845 the War Eagle, Lynx, Osprey, Falcon, St. Louis Oak, Mermaid and St. Croix were active.
In September, 1845, the Archer, Captain Gilman, was a new steamer with a good trade. Others were the Atlas, Captain Reilly ; Prairie Bird, Tempest (new), Confidence, Mendota, War Eagle,
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
Time and Tide, St. Anthony, Captain Montford; Iron City, Ber- trand, Fortune, Red Wing, Monona. Early in 1846 the St. An- thony and the War Eagle were sunk, but were soon raised and refitted. In 1847 the Bon Accord was commanded by H. Bersie, the Cora by Captain Throckmorton, and the Lynx by Capt. John Atchison.
Captain Barney's annual report, made September 5, 1847, showed $2,291 unexpended. Afterward the dredge boat's operations for two months amounted to $890; agent for six months, $600; ex- pense to Washington, $200; additional, $1,690, leaving about $600 on hand May 10, 1848. Thus the $14,500 appropriated for the harbor was nearly gone and the harbor "presented more formida- ble obstructions to the passage of steamboats than it did before the present improvements were commenced."-(Miners' Express, May 10, 1848. )
In 1848 the steamer St. Peters was owned here by P. and R. C. Waples; she ran regularly to St. Louis and was one of the Dubuque and Potosi Packet Line. W. S. Grims was master. An- other regular packet boat was the Dubuque, Edward H. Beebe, master. The Pearl was commanded by Capt. A. Montgomery. By December 15, 1848, there was fine sleighing here and teams crossed the river on the ice. The Eliza Stewart was commanded by Capt. William Edds.
Galena offered a free ferry (Young & Whiteside) to all per- sons crossing there from Iowa to trade, and during April, 1848, the following were thus ferried free: Two-horse teanis, 272; one- horse teams, 22; cattle and horses, 198; persons, 739. The cir- cumstance was used as an argument for a free ferry to Dubuque.
In 1849 there were Highland Mary, St. Peters, War Eagle, Capt. Robert A. Reilly; Dubuque passengers went by the latter boat to St. Louis to buy goods in March. The Senator, Anthony Wayne and Cora, Captain Gorman, were active in 1849. In April, 1849, George W. Jones arrived from Washington, D. C., by the steamer Dr. Franklin, having come from that city in fourteen days. In April, 1849, the steamer Josiahi Lawrence reached Galena with 450 passengers and thirty cases of cholera on board; eleven of them proved fatal. All boats from New Orleans brought up cases of cholera. That disease broke out at Galena and Dubuque became alarmed. Lime was scattered over streets and alleys; everybody was ordered to "clean up." Many steamers in a bunch were burned during a sudden and destructive fire at St. Louis in May, 1849; among them were the Prairie State, St. Peters, Alex. Hamilton, Dubuque, Ed. Bates and others known at Dubuque. Early in June the Anthony Wayne brought here two cases of cholera, but the patients died the same night. On October 3, 1849, a delegation from Dubuque attended the Rapids Improvement Convention at
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Davenport. The Dubuque was here again in October, having been repaired ; her upper works only had been burned at St. Louis.
The Anthony Wayne was the first arrival from below, March 8. 1850. The Excelsior, Captain Ward, was here a few days later; also the Lamartine, Capt. J. M. Marsh. Dubuque began to grow rapidly this year and the river traffic was very brisk. On April 24, 1850, the river was the highest ever known here at this season of the year. During the forties and fifties it was customary for the steamers of different lines or independent to race both up and down. These races were always exciting and often danger- ous. Bets were freely made and gambling was open and for high stakes on the boats. Early in June, 1850, the Nominee and Dr. Franklin had an exciting and hotly contested race of several days' duration along the upper Mississippi. Racing was generally con- demned, but did not prevent its occurrence and repetition. Pre- vious to about 1850 the term "upper Mississippi" was applied to all above the Rapids near the mouth of the Des Moines river, but after that date it was usually confined to the river about St. An- thony's Falls. The location of a permanent boat landing at Du- buque caused a bitter conflict of private interests.
In 1851, at a meeting of river men, a line of steamers with head- quarters at Dubuque, was projected : J. H. Emerson, B. J. O'Hal- loran, Captain Estes. Platt Smith, T. S. Wilson, G. R. West, C. W. Cutter and M. Mobley were prominent in this organization. At this date the ferryboats were operated by Timothy Fanning. S. L. Gre- goire and Charles Bogy. More lumber and log rafts than ever began to come down from the Wisconsin and Black rivers. Large quanti- ties were used here and sold to the back country. Dubuque was growing as never before. Men began to make rafting their sole busi- ness; it required the highest skill to take a raft of 2,000,000 feet of logs successfully down the river to St. Louis, dodging all the islands, sharp heads, bridges and rapids: a raftsman who could do it commanded the highest wages.
In November, 1851, the council leased "such right as it might have" to the ferry privileges here to Mr. Gregoire for six years, in consideration that he should pay $too annually and furnish a steam ferryboat. This step was taken against the expostulations of Mr. Fanning, whose period had not expired, because he had failed to provide a steam ferry as provided in his charter. In 1851 there were 353 arrivals and 352 departures of steamboats. By January, 1852, there had been subscribed for stock in the new packet line 242 shares of stock. Bogy's steam ferryboat was in full operation in April, 1852.
Early in June, 1851, the fine steamer Di Vernon passed Du- buque with a large excursion party for St. Anthony's Falls. A group of Dubuquers joined the merry-makers. The boats at Du- buque in June and July, 1851, were: Franklin No. 2, Captain Har-
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ris; Wisconsin, Captain Griffith; Planter; Minnesota, Captain Smith; Nominee, Captain Smith; Enterprise, Captain Humber- stone; Excelsior, Captain Ward; Robert Fulton, Captain Philips ; Oneonta, Captain Tuppy.
A new dredge boat for Abel Hawley, harbor contractor, was launched in the summer of 1851. Among the steamers in 1851 were: Uncle Toby, Capt. V. R. Rout, of the Dubuque and St. Paul Line; Lamartine, Nominee, Dr. Franklin Nos. 1 and 2, En- terprise, Martha No. 2, Bon Accord, Minnesota, Wisconsin, G. W. Sparhawk, from Wheeling, Virginia; Oneonta, Captain Tuppy ; Tiger, Capt. J. P. Anderson ; Emperor, Captain Hopkins.
Thus far the steamers used on the upper Mississippi were small and more or less rude affairs, though spoken of as "elegant," "handsome," etc. In March, 1852, the business men here sent an agent to St. Louis to secure from one or more of the boat lines steamers of a higher, heavier and more refined grade, suitable to the improved order of affairs. Dubuque grew very rapidly in 1852; thousands of homeseekers and capitalists landed from the steamers. In April, 1852, Timothy Fanning building here a steam ferryboat, the newspapers observed that there was no reason why Dubuque should not become a boat-building center. Gregoire's new steam ferryboat was called the Utah; it ran every hour from the lower ferry landing. The St. Paul, a fine new packet, was active in 1852.
"Bogy's splendid new steam ferryboat is doing the most rush- ing business of the season. She is puffing and blowing all the time. She is a perfect godsend to California emigrants. If the number of wagons that she brings across in a day had to abide the tardiness of the old-fashioned horseboat, they would not reach this side in a week." -- ( Daily Miners' Express, April 24, 1852. )
The St. Paul, a new and very fast steamer, was saluted by artil- lery upon its arrival here early in 1852; she made the round trip from Galena to St. Paul in two days and sixteen hours, landing en route twenty-one times. In June, 1852, the dredgeboat, which had cost $8,000, was sold to T. Levens for $1,000. Ben Campbell was a new steamer. Dr. Franklin and Nominee were regular United States mail steamers in 1852. In August, upon the request of Mr. Adams, a boat yard was located at the foot of Dodge street for five years ; there any boat could be constructed. The J. W. McKee was a mail steamer of the Keokuk Packet Line; the La- martine, Captain Harlow, belonged to the St. Louis and St. Peters Packet Company, and the Excelsior, Captain Ward, belonged to the St. Louis, Galena, Dubuque and St. Peters Packet Company. Bogy's ferryboat landed at Second street.
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