USA > Iowa > Dubuque County > History of Dubuque County, Iowa; being a general survey of Dubuque County history, including a history of the city of Dubuque and special account of districts throughout the county, from the earliest settlement to the present time > Part 48
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HISTORY OF DUBUQUE COUNTY
Margaret Foster, Joseph and Margaret McGregor, Robert and Catherine Kennedy, Thomas and Martha McCurdy, Lucinda Van Kirk, Jane A. Mathers, Christian and Ann Denlinger. The early pastors were Revs. Allen, Vawter, Harmon, LeClere, Gay, Lyons and others.
In 1853 Professor Mathews gave spiritual rappings here and was arrested for showing without a license. He defended himself on the ground that he gave a religious performance and stated that the fee at the door was the contribution solicited by all re- ligious bodies. After a trial he was discharged. Rev. John C. Holbrook edited the Congregational Herald in 1853.
A Methodist organization was established at Centralia about 1853 and a schoolhouse, moved from Sharp's farm, was the first church. Elder Reed and others preached to the members. In 1872 fire destroyed the building and scattered the members.
The Collegiate Institute for Young Ladies, established by Miss Catherine Beecher, began operations in 1853. The Main Street Methodist church was dedicated April 14, 1853 ; Rev. W. F. Cowles was in charge.
The Methodists had an organization at what is now Dyersville as early as 1849, when Judge Dyer provided a place for them to assemble. In 1853 a frame church was commenced and com- pleted in the spring of 1854, and Rev. Wm. Trick became first pastor. Their new church was erected in 1856 and cost about $12,000, a large sum for that day.
In August, 1855, the Second Presbyterian church of Dubuque was organized with seventeen members and belonged to the new school branch of the church. By January 1, 1856, they numbered about forty members and were preached to regularly in Thedinga's hall, over the store of Charles Suffrins, by Rev. J. Guernsey. Early in January, 1856, they purchased a lot at Locust and Ninth streets and made preparations to build a church in 1856.
In 1855 Thanksgiving day services were held by the United Baptists, Methodists and Congregationalists at the Main street Methodist church. The Presbyterians held services at their own church. The Presbyterian church at Epworth was organized in 1856 with John V. McCune, Jacob B. Waynant, Joseph Scott and their wives, R. S. Alexander and relatives and others, numbering about twenty-five. They had held services in the Methodist church. The first services in their own church were held in June, 1859, in the basement by Rev. S. T. Wells. The church was dedicated February 19, 1860: among the pastors have been Revs. Wells, Carsons, Potter, Bailey and Fisher.
The Young Men's Christian Association of Dubuque, was or- ganized in June, 1856, and held its first regular session July 7. It started with about thirty members and in a year had nearly 130. It had a reading room and a library was soon started.
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Mission Sunday schools, started by the Methodists and old school Presbyterians, were doing well.
On July 24, 1856, the cornerstone of the new Congregational church in Dubuque was laid with great ceremony. On July 7, 1856, the first regular meeting of the Young Men's Christian As- sociation was held in the Congregational church; William Mills was chairman and F. J. Harron secretary. In 1856 Rev. Mr. Hol- brook and Dennis A. Mahony, editor of the Express and Herald, discussed at length in the newspapers the question of slavery, the former denouncing that institution and the latter upholding it. By the last of January, 1856, the Congregationalists had raised, by subscription, $8,000 of the $25,000 required for their new church. Rev. J. H. Trowbridge was pastor of the Second Presby- terian church at Locust and Eighth streets in 1856. Bishop Simp- son lectured here on "Christian Unity or Oneness," and "The In- visible," in August, 1856; packed churches heard him.
The Congregational church society sold their church and lot on Main street to C. H. Booth for $20,000. The church, with $10,000 additional subscription, designed to erect a new structure at Locust and Tenth streets. Already by March, 1857, the foun- dation had been laid.
In the fifties the German Lutherans had a small congregation on Clay street near Twelfth. In all there were fifteen religious bodies in Dubuque in the summer of 1857 and all except one had regular or stated pastors.
In the Dubuque district of the Upper Iowa Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1857 the following appointments were made: H. W. Reed, presiding elder ; P. E. Brown, Dubuque; E. S. Stout, Dubuque centenary; T. Thompson, Dubuque cir- cuit; J. W. Batter, Rockdale; L. S. Ashbaugh, Epworth; S. A. Lee, Dyersville ; J. Newton, Colesburg; H. Taylor, Rockville; J. L. Kelly, Cascade.
The Dubuque district preachers' meeting and the district Sunday school convention of the Methodist church was held at Dyersville in August, 1857. A large increase in the membership of the schools was announced. The opening sermon was preached by Rev. P. E. Brown, and the closing one by Rev. Stout, both of Dubuque. The Baptist church at Cascade was built in 1854. The Baptist state convention was held here in October, 1857. Rev. Elihu Gunn of Keokuk, preached the annual sermon. Rev. John Bates of Cascade, was president pro temt The Central Baptist church at Epworth had fourteen members in September, 1857. Several of them lived at Centralia. They were supplied by Rev. John Avil, who preached alternatively at Epworth and Centralia.
A union revival was carried on here in April, 1858, when preach- ing was conducted at the Julien theater, preachers of the different
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denominations alternating. At the same time the Catholics held daily services at the cathedral.
"There have been remarkable religious revivals in all the churches in this city during the past few months and the interest in spiritual affairs seems to be still maintained."-(E. & H., April 15, 1858.)
The annual meeting of the Congregational Association was held here in June, 1858. Ministers were here from all parts of the west. Many important questions were considered, among which were slavery, Iowa college, home missions, Christian union, etc. Among those present were Revs. William Anderson, Dr. Badger, Mr. Harper, Mr. Jones, J. P. Kimball, Mr. Robbins, Mr. Magoun, D. Leonard, Mr. Reed, Guernsey, Emerson, Salter, Canfield, Grin- nell, Benton, Butter, Radcliffe, Turner and others.
The German Lutheran church at Dyersville was organized in 1858 by Rev. M. Van Vliet. In 1872 their stone church was built. The Congregational church was established here in 1858 by Rev. W. H. Heu de Bourgh, through whose efforts the church was built.
The First Presbyterian church was dedicated June 27, 1858, by Rev. J. P. Phelps, pastor at Locust and Eleventh streets.
Rev. Mr. Avery preached in Dubuque on Universalism in Feb- ruary, 1858, at the Congregational church. By January, 1859, there were two Methodist churches at Dubuque. Miss Martha Hulett, medium of Rockford, Illinois, lectured here on Spiritual- ism in April, 1859.
The Dubuque Sunday School Union .held its annual meeting at the Baptist church in April. 1859. The churches represented were the following: Methodist, Congregational, Baptist, Presbyterian, Julien Avenue Mission, Third Ward Mission, Eagle Point Mis- sion, Episcopal. The aggregate of children represented was 3,000. Richard Edwards was elected president.
The new Congregational church building was dedicated April I, 1860, at Tenth and Locust streets. There must have been pres- ent between 900 and 1,000 people; it was the largest Protestant gathering ever convened in Dubuque. The sermon was preached by Rev. J. C. Holbrook. He was assisted by Rev. J. Guernsey and others.
The first Universalist society, on June 30, 1860, gave an ex- cursion in two steamboats, which cost for the occasion $200 and besides engaged the Germania band. The boats were the Alham- bra and Fannie Harris. They were loaded to the guards and ran to Cassville, where they were received with cannon shots. Rev. J. S. Dennis was the orator.
The following were the appointments of the Dubuque district of the Methodist conference in 1860: P. E. Brown, presiding elder; Dubuque Main street, R. L. Collier; Dubuque Centenary
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and West Dubuque Mission, I. K. Fuller ; Rockdale, I. W. Newton ; Dubuque circuit, E. F. Joffries ; Epworth, H. W. Reed ; Dyers- ville, S. N. Fellows ; Cascade, T. C. Wolf and C. Isam; Epworth Seminary, R. W. Keeler, member of Dubuque quarterly con- ference.
The Dubuque County Bible society held its annual meeting No- vember 20, 1860. All the Protestant churches closed and as- sembled in the Congregational church to hear the services. Rev. J. C. Holbrook preached the annual sermon. R. Edwards was chosen president of the society for 1861. The report showed that large numbers of bibles and tracts had been distributed.
In November, 1860, the ladies of the Presbyterian church held a grand fair at Lorimer hall to raise means to pay off the indebted- ness on their church. It netted about $200 for the supper and musical entertainment.
Johns Creek Methodist Episcopal church stands on section 2, Cascade township. It was erected in 1860 and dedicated in June, 1861 ; it is in the Farley circuit. Among the first members were Richard Baker and wife, William Morgan and wife, Thomas Baker, William Ganfield and wife, and Mrs. H. Rogers.
The Christian church at Epworth was organized about 1861 by John Trowbridge, Francis Rogers and wife, Aaron Wood and family, Ephraim Story and wife and about twenty others. A church was built, but the society disbanded after six years. In 1873 it was reorganized, with Rev. Bennett as pastor; other min- isters have been Martin, Crocker, Muller, Applegate and others.
The Presbyterian church at Farley was organized in 1865 ; pre- vious to this date members of that faith had attended at Epworth. When organized they secured the stone hall at Wood and Thir- teenth streets, where services were held by Rev. William Carson of Epworth. In 1868 a better church was secured; Rev. Jewett became pastor: later, Bailey, Agnes and Fisher served the con- gregation.
The Baptist church at Epworth was organized in March, 1866, with Luther Mason, T. H. Davis and wife, Benjamin Goodrich and wife, Leonard Wright and wife, Mrs. Chapman, Mrs. Good- rich, Mrs. Pratt, Daniel Durham and wife and others. In 1872 their church was erected; among the ministers in charge have been Revs. Hill, Johnson, Skemp, Lill, Whiting. Weaver and Hall.
The Methodist church at Farley was incorporated in 1866, but the congregation had been organized before as part of the Ep- worth charge and occasional services had been held in residences, etc. Revs. R. W. Keeler. H. W. Houghton, Burgess, Dove, Thompson, Smedley, Cowgill, Rogers and others have been pastors. When fully organized the congregation met in Farley hall, which was purchased ; a parsonage was built near.
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Rev. Dr. C. B. Smith was pastor of the Baptist church, Dubuque, in 1861. On May 29, 1861, the eighth annual convention of the Protestant Episcopal church of the diocese of Iowa met at St. John's church, Dubuque.
Rev. J. S. Dennis resigned from the pastorship of the Uni- versalist society in Dubuque in March, 1863, and engaged in mer- cantile pursuits in Chicago. Their church at Tenth and Main streets was dedicated in 1862. Rev. D. M. Reed was the new pastor.
All the Protestant churches united in a grand musical conven- tion and carnival in January, 1862; it continued a week and was the greatest musical event ever here up to that date. The Jewish synagog was in existence early in the sixties and stood on Locust between Ninth and Tenth; Rev. A. Alexander was rabbi. Later Rev. H. J. Messing was rabbi, and Alexander Levi was president of the synagog. Bishop Lee preached in St. John's church in Oc- tober, 1863; in February, 1864, a festival given by this church netted over $500. The Lee Female Seminary, under Miss Julia A. Titus, was in existence in September, 1864. The Universalist fair, in 1864, netted over $1,500. A fancy dress festival at the city hall in February, 1865, yielded $1,290 for St. John's Episco- pal church.
The Swedenborgians had a small organization in Dubuque in 1866. In 1867 the Baptist church at Worthington was erected; Rev. James Hill was pastor. In June, 1868, three sisters named Whiting were married in succession on the same day in the Con- gregational church, Dubuque; Rev. Lyman Whiting, father of the brides, officiated. The Second Presbyterian church was dedi- cated in November, 1869; Rev. Dr. Spees preached the sermon. The new Episcopal church at Main and Fourteenth was com- menced in 1869. The new organ in the Congregational church was twenty-two feet wide and thirty-two feet high. In November, 1869, the new Methodist church was dedicated; Rev. Dr. Reid preached the sermon ; improvements to the church had cost $24,113; organ, $3,000. The fourteenth annual session of the Upper Iowa Conference was held in 1869 in Dubuque.
The new Presbyterian church at Farley was dedicated in 1871 by Rev. W. T. Marshall.
In 1872 the Protestant churches of Dubuque united in a grand revival, one of the most successful ever held here. Rev. E. P. Hammond. the evangelist, was the leader, but was assisted by the Dubuque pastors. Saloons were visited and the whole city was stirred to its moral foundations. Revs. Bingham, Raymond, Os- trander, Rebman, Alderson, Young, Marshall and others assisted the evangelist. Of the converts the Methodists secured IIO, Con- gregationalists 86. First Presbyterians 37. Second Presbyterians 37, Primitive Methodists 15, Baptists I. The Herald objected to all
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revivalists. Thomas Paine's birthday was often celebrated by the Free Thinkers of Dubuque. The cornerstone of the Epis- copal church at Dyersville was laid in September, 1875. Rev. C. H. Seymour and Rev. H. L. Everest conducted the ceremonies ; the building cost $3,600. The Episcopal carnival at the city hall in April, 1875, realized over $1,000; the representations of Red Riding Hood, Mother Goose, Gulliver, Cinderella, Jack Frost, Mother Hubbard, Bo Peep, etc., were attractive features.
St. George Episcopal church at Farley was organized in 1870 and the next year two lots were secured and the church was erected at Tenth and Langworthy streets, Rev. W. F. Lloyd lay- ing the corner stone. Other early pastors were Phelps, Everest, Magee, Archdeacon and others.
Christ Episcopal church at Dyersville was organized in 1874, the first services being held in the Congregational church by Rev. H. L. Everest.
In 1875 the Spiritualists held a camp meeting on the hill; there were present adepts in spiritualisin, clairvoyance, trance medium, mind reading, free love, woman's rights ; also short haired women and long haired men. In ridiculing this gathering the Herald spoke slightingly of Susan B. Anthony. A fair for the Home for the Friendless netted $804.39 in 1875. In 1862 the Baptists gave up their church at Tenth and Main and in 1875 met in a small frame building near the postoffice. In 1876 they bought a lot at Twelfth and Main and began to increase in size; Rev. Allen Curr was pastor; he became involved in serious trouble. The Eagle Point branch of the Y. M. C. A. was opened in 1877. An- other immense union revival was conducted here in 1877.
The old stone First German Presbyterian church, erected in 1856, was undermined by the high waters, was torn down and a better one was built late in the seventies; Rev. E. Schueth was pastor. The Iowa convention of Universalists met in Dubuque in 1883. Rev. Dr. Burrell sharply criticized the people of Dubuque in 1886; he called Dubuque "an utterly, defiantly, confessedly law- less place." In 1886 roughs and hoodlums on the street broke up Salvation Army meetings on the streets; the leaders were ar- rested. By 1888 the Episcopalians had raised $132,000 for a new church, grounds, tower and chimes. They secured the old Pea- body residence for $40,000; the church proper cost $80,000. In 1889 the First Congregational church celebrated its semi-centennial in beautiful fashion.
On September 28, 1893, the Emmanuel German Congregational church celebrated the silver jubilee of Rev. Herman Ficke's pas- torate of the church. When he arrived in 1868 he first preached to five adults and two children in a small frame building; the little band owed $1,200; the society of the year before was scat- tered; it had been organized by Rev. Jesse Guernsey. By 1891
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"Immanuel Kirche," a fine building was the home of the large con- gregation and well-attended Sunday school; the cornerstone of this building was laid October 16, 1887.
"The Second Presbyterian church of Dubuque is distinguished by a long line of brilliant preachers. Two of its pastors, Dr. D. J. Burrell and Rev. Henry E. Mott, are now supplying churches among the most important and influential in the country. It is now looking for a brilliant preacher and good pastor."-(New York Evangelist, 1894.)
In 1894 the Methodists projected a new church on the old site to cost $60,000. In 1895 the fiftieth anniversary of St. John's Episcopal church was celebrated with splendid ceremonies. In March, 1895, the First Congregational, Second Presbyterian and Main Street Methodist churches united in three weeks of special religious services. The Upper Iowa Conference convened here in 1897; Bishop H. W. Warren conducted the services. In 1897 St. Luke's new Methodist Episcopal church was completed at a cost of about $80,000.
In 1905 Finley hospital received a bequest of $100,000 from the Finley estate. In 1906 Andrew Carnegie gave $10,000 or $15,000 to the German Presbyterian Theological Seminary.
The German Presbyterian Theological school of the northwest has done an immense work in establishing churches of this faith. For many years it struggled alone and with small success to edu- cate the German race coming to America in the gospel of Christ according to this faith: The bible is the fundamental condition of all study. Rev. W. O. Ruston was president. The origin of this school was a new departure to meet new and needed surroundings for religious worship. It is the parent of over 100 churches planted throughout the west. It has a large and able faculty and furnishes a rare education. Its beautiful building back on the bluffs at Dubuque commands a magnificent view up and down the river.
PROTESTANT CHURCHES OF DUBUQUE, 1909.
Congregational: First at Tenth and Locust; Immanuel at Jackson and Eighteenth; Summit at Delhi and Allison.
Episcopal : St. John's at Main and Fourteenth.
Lutheran: St. John's Evangelical at Thirteenth and White; St. Mark's at Ninth and Locust ; St. Mathew's, German, at White and Eighteenth ; St. Paul's, Evangelical, at Rhomberg and Jackson ; St. Peter's at Lincoln and Eden; Zion's Evangelical at Seventeenth and Jackson.
Hebrew : Congregational Cueses Israel at 1760 Maple.
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Methodist : African at 1681 Iowa; Grand View Avenue at Jackson, Grand View and Delhi; St. Luke's at Main and Twelfth.
Presbyterian: First German at Seventeenth and Iowa; Inde- pendent German at Seventeenth and 104 West; Third at Garfield and Stafford; Westminster at Thirteenth and Locust.
Scientists : First Church of Christ at Ninth and Bluff.
Others: Cleveland Avenue Mission at 85 Pearl; Eagle Point Sunshine Mission at 1821 Adams; Y. W. C. A., Y. M. C. A., Sal- vation Army.
BENCH AND BAR.
T HE law of Michigan Territory provided that the county court of Dubuque county should be held on the first Monday of April and September of each year. It further provided that "all laws now in force in the county of Iowa (afterward in Wisconsin Territory east of the Mississippi) not locally inapplicable shall be and hereby are extended to the counties of Dubuque and Demoine and shall be in force therein," and that "processes both civil and criminal issued from the circuit court of the United States for the county of Iowa shall run into all parts of said counties of Dubuque and Demoine and shall be served by the sheriff or other proper officer within either of said counties." This law took effect October 1, 1834. Previous to this date Dubuque was wholly without law, not having been attached to any organized community. In May, 1834, before the above law took effect, the murder of George O'Keefe by his partner, Patrick O'Connor, occurred. The citizens were called together to consider the case. They appointed as sheriff Mr. Adams, who arrested the murderer ; Captain White was appointed prosecutor and D. G. Bates, of Galena, was appointed to defend him. Twelve men were selected, sworn in as jurors, and he was found guilty of murder and sentenced to be hung about twenty days later. This sentence was duly executed -the first hanging in Iowa. The execution took place on a mound a little distance southeast of the present court house. A thousand people gathered to witness the event, the Brazil steamer bringing many from Galena. Among the jury were Woodbury Massy, Hosea T. Camp, John McKensie, Milo H. Prentice, James Smith, Jesse M. Harrison, Thomas McCabe, Nicholas Carroll, James S. Smith and three others. Six were Americans, three Irish, one Scotch, one English and one French. During the trial O'Connor said, "I'll not deny that I shot him, but ye have no laws in the county and cannot try me." He soon learned that he was mistaken. The trial was hield in the open air under an elm tree in front of the cabin of Samuel Clifton. Massy was foreman of the jury, which deliberated one hour. Before the execution O'Connor and his friends endeavored to stir up the Irish to rescue him, but as soon as this movement be- came known the law-abiding citizens called together a force of 163 armed miners and others headed by Lorin Wheeler to serve as a guard and see that the execution was carried into effect.
In 1834, under Michigan Territory, P. A. Lorimier was supreme
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court commissioner and Ira Williams, Warner Lewis and Patrick Quigley justices of the peace.
The first regular court held in Dubuque was a probate session convened by Ezekiel Lockwood, judge, January 10, 1835, and tlie first act was to appoint Susan A. Dean and Daniel A. Parkerson administrators of the estate of Noble F. Dean. This court was one of inferior jurisdiction, and was held twice previous to the opening of the district court in 1837 by Judge Irvin. Thus previous to 1837 Dubuque county had grown rapidly without other courts than the above and those of justices of the peace. The act creating the Terri- tory of Wisconsin took effect July 3, 1836, but court under it was not held until the following May, and even then but for a short term, owing to the ill-health of Judge Irvin.
It is considered certain that William W. Coriell was the first lawyer proper to locate permanently at Dubuque ; he probably came in 1835. The Visitor of May 25, 1836, said, "A good omen,-We have but one lawyer located at Du Buque." About June several other lawyers arrived, among whom were Stephen Hempstead and William W. Chapman, the first United States district attorney. In this judicial district were the counties of Dubuque and Des Moines, with David Irvin, associate justice of Wisconsin Territory, presid- ing. The district was not created until November, 1836, and courts were ordered held in May and October of each year. W. W. Chap- inan secured an interest in the Visitor in December, 1836, but con- tinued his legal duties. Peter H. Engle, attorney, arrived in August and became prominent in both law and politics. In December W. W. Coriell became district attorney for Dubuque county. Stephen was attorney for the town of Dubuque. Patrick Quigley was justice of the peace in 1836 and one or two years before that date, probably as early as 1834, when Michigan Territory was created. Late in 1836 Charles Dunn was chief justice of the newly created Wisconsin Territory, and William B. Frazier and David Irvin, associate jus- tices. In November, 1836, Thomas S. Wilson, attorney, arrived and became a permanent resident and prominent in law and all public affairs.
The district court of Dubuque county was held in a two-story log house, at Fourth and Main streets, in May, 1837, Judge David Irvin presiding. His first act was to appoint Warner Lewis clerk of the court. The second was to adopt a seal made by a 25-cent piece pressed upon sealing wax. Thompson Campbell. Joseph Hoge and John Turney, of Galena, were admitted to practice. United States Marshal Francis Gehon had summoned the following grand jury :
Thomas Childs, foreman; Paul Cain, William Smith, John Parker, David Sleator, David Hogan. James L. Langworthy, Ches- ter Sage, Ambrose Kennedy, Augustin Powers, James Smith, Leroy Jackson, J. E. Miller and William Carter. County Sheriff G. W. Cummins had summoned Presley Samuels, M. Patterson, N. Carroll,
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Abram Wilson, James Gilham, B. B. Lawless, Jesse Yount and S. Burtiss. The following talesmen were added : Andrew J. Divine, Jacob Hamilton, Reuben Estes, Mathias Ham, Rufus Miller, James Miller, John Wharton, Thos. B. Brasher, Lyman Dillon and Andrew J. Bankston, foreman. Two attachments were the first cases.
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