USA > Iowa > Dubuque County > History of Dubuque County, Iowa; being a general survey of Dubuque County history, including a history of the city of Dubuque and special account of districts throughout the county, from the earliest settlement to the present time > Part 97
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in 1847 and was conducted by John Kostermann in the old log church. John Rauch was another teacher ; also Schulte and Birk- meier. The Franciscan sisters began as teachers about 1864.
In a public meeting in Dubuque in February, 1848, the Catholics of this locality deplored the speech recently made against their religion by Delazon Smith at Iowa City. General Jones expressed the opinion that the Catholics should take no notice of the speech and stated that if he had one hundred votes he would cast them all against the action contemplated by the meeting. J. J. E. Nor- man was chairman of the meeting and B. J. O'Halloran secretary. The following were appointed a committee to investigate the whole matter and report at a future meeting: Patrick Quigley, B. J. O'Halloran, Valentine Glenat, J. J. E. Norman and Hugh Treanor. After a full investigation the committee reported a series of reso- lutions which disapproved of the introduction of religion into pol- itics, denied the accusation of Mr. Smith, and absolved the Demo- cratic state central committee from blame for the speech of Mr. Smith. The report of this committee was adopted by the second meeting.
In 1850 Bishop Loras lectured on temperance; he was an elo- quent speaker-one of the local favorites. The best lawyers here were willing to take lessons from his polished diction and trench- ant periods. At this time Father Matthews, an eloquent tem- perance priest, was securing hundreds of signers to the pledge in St. Louis. The Erpress here said. "Would to Heaven that some one could have the same influence over inebriates and grog shops in this community." Bishop Loras was making the attempt and secured scores of signatures to the pledge. In September, 1851, St. Joseph's Female Academy, ten miles southwest of Dubuque, was in a prosperous condition again. In October, 1851, five young ladies there took the white veil from Bishop Loras; the ceremony was very beautiful: Father Clement, O. T., preached the sermon. School was taught by the Trappist Monks in one end of the old frame church at New Melleray as early as 1851 : Fathers Bernard, McCaffery, Francis Walsh and Clement Smyth were the teachers.
The church and school at Key West were built by Fr. Reiley, the convent by Fr. Ward, and the priest's residence by Fr. Mortell. Frs. Ward, Norton, Burns, McMahon, Mortell, Slattery and Mc- Namara have attended the congregation. Opposite the church is Mt. Olivet cemetery.
The congregation of SS. Peter and Paul, Sherrill's Mound, was organized March 28, 1852, and a log church was promptly erected, among the early members being Bernard Claus, John Behr, John Hirsch, Adam Haberkoen and Frederick Stillmunkes. A better church was built later and finally, about 1888, a much finer struc- ture was erected. Bishop Loras often appeared here, as did also
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Rev. Frs. Hattenberger, Emmons, Frauenhofer, Feudrick, Junker, Schulte, Rottler, Kuemper, Nacke and others.
In 1851, about forty families of German Catholics began to erect a stone church at Eighth and White streets, Dubuque, and christened the same Holy Trinity. A school was opened in the basement later. They began a new building in 1864 and completed it in 1867 at White, Jackson, Fifteenth and Sixteenth streets. This congregation, St. Mary's, has extensive schools (see elsewhere) and a fine clubhouse. At a later date Sacred Heart and Holy Ghost parishes were formed from St. Mary's.
St. Joseph's Catholic church, Farley, was established about 1856 in an old frame building in the northern part of town. Rev. Fr. Elward was the first pastor and was succeeded by Frs. Bennett, McGauran, Brody and others. About 1869 they erected a large church at a cost of $10,000. In March, 1856, Bishop Loras and Father McCabe said mass in the home of James Lyons at Asbury. A few dozen persons were present and subscriptions for a church were started and soon completed. It was immediately erected and was at first attended by Father Boden from 1857 to 1861. It was known as St. Philomena's congregation. Father Walsh, of St. Patrick's, Dubuque, had charge from 1861-68 ; Rev. Thomas Reilly, of St. Raphael's, succeeded him until 1873. In the meantime an addition was built to the church and about the same time a Catholic school was established adjacent. Other pastors have been Rev. Frs. Ward, Stach, Coyle, Hennessy, Reilly, Rowe, Kenny, Minogue, O'Malley. Under Fr. Kenny the cemetery was established.
The laying of the corner stone of St. Raphael's church in 1857 was most imposing. The stone was laid by Rt. Rev. Bishop Smyth, coadjutor of the diocese of Iowa. Rev. Fr. McDonnell preached the sermon, his text being, "Thou art Peter and upon this rock will I build my church ; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it." There was a large attendance and all were impressed with the solemnity of the occasion. Bishop Loras was absent.
Right Rev. Bishop Loras died here at his residence on Bluff street February 19, 1858. Death had been expected for some time, but the good bishop desired to say mass once in the new ca- thedral before passing on. He was born in Lyons, France, in May, 1791, and was forty-three years in the ministry, fifteen as president of a college in France. He was eight years in Mobile and twenty years in Dubuque as bishop of this diocese. He was greatly beloved.
The Society of St. Vincent de Paul had been in existence about six months by May, 1859, and had done an immense amount of good in that time. Hundreds of cases of want and destitution were cared for. They gave weekly relief all winter to from twenty to sixty families. The whole city was districted and ap-
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pealed to systematically. The society itself was composed mainly of poor men. Miss Molony was at the head of a society of ladies which also did great good. Connected with the relief movements were Andrew Cummings, Dr. Quigley, Charles Corkery, James Rowan, John Deery, D. A. Mahony, Rev. P. McCabe of St. Pat- rick's church, and Revs. Durian and Donelan of the cathedral .- (E. & H., May 18, 1859.)
In 1859, Rev. Dr. Edward organized St. Clement's parish at Far- ley ; held services in the residence of Maurice Kirby, who donated the ground for the church site and for the cemetery site. The Catholics here were early visited by Rev. Frs. Mazzuchelli and Cretin, and Bishop Loras, long before the congregation was or- ganized. Soon after the organization a church was erected. Among the pastors have been Rev. Frs. Elward, Bennett, Mc- Lauran, McGowan, Walsh, Nicholls, Toohill and others. Among the first families belonging were those of Casey, Kelley, Kirby, Duggan, Murray, Hegarty, O'Connor, Quirk, Foley, Kennedy, Daly, Barry, Hortnett, Coleman, Guery, Hogan, Cotter, Ferring, Heiberger, Roach, Wolf, Mallon, Mahoney, O'Hare, Kerrin, Smith, Callahan, Thielen, Dunn, Kane, Leahy, Vanderscheid and others.
Late in May, 1859, the Sunday school children of the Cathedral, Dubuque, held a picnic on the bluff back of the church, there being present about 2,000. They were attended by the Germania band. Three little girls, Mary E. Sullivan, Julia Williams and Yettie Plasten, were crowned queens. All enjoyed a bountiful repast and a fine day on Kelly's bluff.
At the feast of Corpus Christi in June, 1859, at Dubuque, about 5,000 people participated in the ceremony. The following was the order of the procession: Cross, acolytes, sodality, German So- ciety, St. Vincent de Paul Society, children, clergy, banner, canopy, banner, ladies, male members. Father McCabe delivered the dis- course. Bishop Smyth attended the procession, bearing the Sacred Host.
St. Francis Xavier church, Dyersville, was organized in 1858, and at first worshiped in a frame house near the bridge on Main street, under the ministrations of Rev. Fr. Langfelz, who, after five months, departed and the congregation was supplied from New Vienna. Soon a brick church was erected and in 1862 Rev. Fr. Kortenkamp became pastor and the congregation again became a separate parish. Among the first members were the families of Stoeckel, Schindler, Goerdt, Schultz, Holscher, Steger, Christoph, Henry, Burkle, Reittenger, Kramer, Stoeckl, Stockerl and others. The church was completed in 1862, and in 1870 was greatly en- larged. In 1872 a parsonage was built and in 1876 a parochial schoolhouse. Rev. Fr. Kortenkamp was pastor until his death in 1889. Rev. Fr. Heer had charge from 1889 until 1905 and was
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succeeded by Very Rev. Theo. Warning in 1905. The new church cost over $100,000 and is not surpassed in size, equipment, adorn- ment and grandeur by any west of the Mississippi river. In 1894 the old building was transformed into a schoolhouse, where the Sisters of St. Francis instruct and control. In 1902 a special school for boys was instituted. The great increase in pupils, both boys and girls, has necessitated additional buildings from time to time.
Late in the year 1888 the magnificent Catholic Church at Dyers- ville was dedicated by Bishop Hennessy, on which occasion about 1,500 people attended from Dubuque. There were fully 6,000 people present at the interesting ceremonies. Over forty clergymen were present, and the eloquent sermon was preached by the good bishop on "Duty as to Charity and Obedience.". The splendid new church was 70x1741/2 feet outside, had two fine towers 200 feet high with a cross at the top of each, and seated 1,800 persons. This building then and since has been so richly dressed and ornamented that it is probably not surpassed in beauty and costliness of interior by any church structure in Iowa. The corner stone was laid June 3, 1888, by Bishop Hennessy with the usual profound ceremonies.
The lecture of Rev. James B. Donelan on "A Visit to Jerusalem in 1858," at the People's theater gave the Society of St. Vincent de Paul net returns of $170 in March, 1859.
The first anniversary of the St. Vincent de Paul Society was held in December, 1859. For the year ending December 8, they had raised for relief $1,437.08 for 201 families. There were enrolled 149 members, of whom sixty-nine were active in society work. Bishop Smyth's charity sermon had netted $202.36. Rev. Father Lynch, of Holy Cross, had raised six wagon loads of flour and other contributions. The farmers near the monastery, St. Joseph's convent and Mount St. Bernard had donated large quan- tities of provisions at the request of the society-flour, groceries, clothing, money and incidentals. As the weather in November, 1859, had been very severe, the society made great efforts. At a meeting of the society committees were appointed to continue the relief work.
In February, 1860, the Protestant churches of Dubuque had a membership of 912 and a Sunday school membership of 892. The Catholics had a church membership of 6,200 and a Sunday school membership of 1,400 .- (Herald, February 7, 1860.)
"Spiritual Retreat .- The Catholic clergy of the diocese of Du- buque, which includes the whole state of Iowa, is now assembled in this city, enjoying what is termed 'a spiritual retreat.' The cele- brated Father Damen preached to the assembled clergy last even- ing." --- (Herald, April 27, 1860.) Bishop Smyth had charge of the assemblage. Revs. J. B. Donelan, James A. T. Durnin, Pat- rick McCabe and John Fendrick, of Dubuque; Rev. Flanning, of
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Tete des Morts ; Rev. John Aylwood, of Dyersville : Rev. Michael Lynch, of Holy Cross : Rev. G. Orth, of New Wine, and Rev. Jere- miah O'Connor of Cascade, were present.
The members of the Catholic Institute gave an excursion on July 4, 1860. They were accompanied by the Washington Guards. They went to Cassville by the boat Fannie Harris. The Declara- tion was read by D. P. Quinn and the oration delivered by P. J. Quigley.
The Bankson Catholic church was built about 1860 and dedicated by Father Bennett, who was succeeded by Father McGovern. In 1898 the new church was built and about the same time the For- esters' hall was erected near.
In 1860. during the troubles in Italy, the subjects at issue were discussed pro and con in Dubuque. An address by Rev. Father Durnin of St. Raphael's church, called out a reply from Rev. Dr. Smith. There was an attempt made at this time and before to aid the Pope in his present difficulties. The Italians were engaged in a war for temporal independence. The various questions at issue were examined by the press and speakers of Dubuque.
"On Sunday, October 28, 1860, Bishop Smyth administered confirmation to sixty-five persons at New Wine (New Vienna. ) The bishop was met at Dyersville by a cavalcade of men from New Wine. The people of New Wine can boast of the handsomest church edifice in Iowa, and its interior finish, especially its pulpit and altars, of which latter there are three, are scarcely surpassed in beauty of design and richness of embellishment. It would surprise our city people to see religious worship conducted with such order and magnificence as can be witnessed at New Wine: and apart from this church itself it is worth the trouble of a journey to see its rich altar and pulpit carvings and decorations."-( Herald, Oc- tober 30, 1860. )
The Catholic fair at the city hall, to aid the cathedral was an important event in December, 1860, and was almost like a week of carnival. It was one of the most elaborate efforts of the kind ever instituted here. On the first evening the receipts were about $500. The total receipts were $2.490.72 ; total expenses, $222.92.
In April, 1861, a marble tablet, in memory of Bishop Loras, was placed in the cathedral at the instance and expense of Bishop Smyth and the clergy in Dubuque. On the tablet was the following in- scription: "Right Reverend Mathias Loras. First Bishop of Du- buque, who died 1858, March II." Rev. J. C. Perrodin, formerly Catholic pastor at Garryowen, eighteen miles from Dubuque. was located in this city for a while in 1861.
The annual May festival of the Catholic Sunday schools took place May 28, 1861. There were present nearly 1,000 children and about 3,000 adults. It was an interesting event in church circles. The Germania band furnished the open air music. A large pro-
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cession marched from St. Patrick's church to the German Catholic church, where they were joined by many more. Over 900' star spangled banners were carried in the procession, which finally marched to the cathedral where all witnessed Bishop Smyth raise a beautiful flag of large size at his residence. Then at a signal from Father Donelan all cheered and waved their small banners. The procession of children alone reached from the cathedral north- ward and westward far up Lorimier avenue. Father Durnan's fifty boys of St. Raphael's school marched next to the music. The May queens were Miss Katy Tshudy of the German Sunday school. Miss Mary Evans of St. Patrick's Sunday school, Miss Fannie Simplot of the Cathedral Sunday school. The German Catholic school, which included about 200 members, was taught mostly by lectures delivered twice a week and Sunday by Father Fendrick, assisted by Rev. Mr. Uhlenbrock. The day was spent in the groves to the west. At noon there were several acres of hungry ones around bounteous spreads under the shade. All re- turned to their churches to be dismissed at the close of the day.
The cathedral was formally blessed and dedicated July 7, 1861. A great crowd gathered to see the new church and witness the in- teresting and imposing ceremony. The opening proceedings were conducted by Bishop Smyth, assisted by Bishop Duggan of Chi- cago. and other clergymen. High mass was celebrated by Rev. J. B. Donelan, assisted by several visiting fathers. J. A. T. Durnan acted as master of ceremonies. Rev. Samuel Mazzuchelli acted as chaplain to Bishop Smyth. Father Durnan read the prescribed prayer. The sermon was preached by Bishop Duggan. "The points of his argument were that God, besides redeeming mankind by the blood of Jesus Christ, prescribed to mankind a certain course, including faith and conduct whereby they might avail them- selves of the merits of the redemption and attain salvation." The choral performance was a prominent feature of this interesting event.
About 1861, Abbot Ephraim, who afterwards went to reside in Ireland, was blessed at New Melleray by Bishop Smyth, assisted by Bishop Duggan, of Chicago.
In November, 1861, Mary Veronica, one of the four original Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, died at the Mother house. St. Joseph's, at the age of thirty-five years. Mary Frances, another of the four, had died here a few years before ; Mary Joseph and Mary Francis Xavier were still living. Sister Mary Aloysius- died at the Mother house in December, 1861.
The splendid organ for the new cathedral arrived December 19, 1861 : it cost about $3,000; it was tried for the first time before a few persons on New Year's Eve, 1861. A magnificent side altar and six new richly stained windows were placed in the cathedral in February. 1862. In Dubuque at this date were the cathedral.
,
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with Bishop Smyth in charge ; St. Patrick's at Iowa and Fourteenth, with Rev. Patrick McCabe pastor ; and Holy Trinity at White and Eighth streets, Rev. John Fendrick pastor. Rev. Fr. Bernard Mc- Caffrey. prior of the monastery of New Melleray, returned from Ireland in February. 1862.
In the spring of 1862, Bishop Smyth left for Rome, upon invi- tation of the Pope to be present at the canonization of several mar- tyrs who had lost their lives in the church's cause in Japan.
In 1862 the Catholic Institute of Dubuque was considered one of the very best literary institutions in Iowa. The lyceum had been in existence about three years and met regularly once a week. The exercises consisted in lectures, essays, debates. etc. Its officers were, John Rooney, president ; John Deery, vice-president; Thos. Connolly, secretary ; James Rowan, treasurer : Edward Dunne, li- brarian.
In the spring of 1862, the Society of St. Vincent de Paul, St. Raphael's conference presented to the cathedral a very fine Gothic side altar. The design was executed by Mr. Keenan and the paint- ing by Walsh and Bonce. As a work of art it was not excelled in this county.
Early in 1862 the conferences of St. Raphael and of the Immac- ulate Conception, Dubuque, contributed $239.20 to the sufferers in Ireland.
Bishop Smyth returned from Rome late in July, 1862. He had called at Mount Melleray, Ireland, of which institution he had formerly been a member, associated with Father Xavier in the con- duct of the collegiate establishment. While thus associated he be- came well known outside the institution as Father Clement, whom all loved and respected. About 1849 he and a number of clerical brothers left Mount Melleray to establish another monastery in Dubuque county, of which he was elected superior and as such managed its affairs until called by the sovereign pontiff to the vacant see of Dubuque. Late in 1862 he went to Ireland to attend the ceremony of laying the corner stone of the Catholic University of Dublin. He never lost interest in Mount Melleray in this county and usually attended the collegiate and other exercises of that in- stitution. His addresses to the classes there were events of im- portance in the history of the collegiate department. It was said that during the fifties the students' roll showed the presence of young Irishmen from nearly every county in Ireland as well as from many in England.
The students of Melleray forwarded to Ireland a most beautiful address to Bishop Smyth before his return from abroad in July, 1862 : the following are extracts from this address: "While it is a happiness to us to have the opportunity of testifying to you our grateful appreciation of your services to education and religion and to ecclesiastical youths of our country and of others, we feel as-
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sured that the spectacle which greets your eyes today will be grati- fying to you, as it is honorable alike to you, to our beloved presi- dent and to the zeal and solicitude for the diffusion of enlighten- ment which distinguish the illustrious Lord Abbott of Mount Mel- leray. The seminary has been a fertile nursery for the vineyard of the Lord and many a seedling planted by you and tended by the fostering hand of your noble hearted fellow laborers has been transplanted to other soils. While your church, uniting all the accomplishments which adorn, dignify and ennoble the bishop with virtues, fervor and sanctity which distinguish the Monk of St. Bernard, wins from us the homage of our respect and admiration, we freely and heartily offer the tribute of our reverent esteem and affectionate welcome to you as the reverend founder of the institution-as the beloved and fondly cherished of our venerable president and as our guide and illustrious model."
Bishop Smyth officiated at St. Patrick's church Sunday, October 26, 1862, on which occasion he bestowed the papal benediction. In the absence of Bishop Smyth, Father Brazill, in a measure, sup- plied his place ; his parish was in Des Moines.
In the fall of 1862 he again went to Italy and upon his return in October he was received at Dunleith by a large deputation of citizens headed by the mayor and other dignitaries. Upon reach- ing Dubuque he addressed a large assemblage on what he had seen --- commerce, learning, art. religion, mountain and ocean scenery, etc. He said, "After all there was a vacancy in my heart even in Imperial Rome, in the midst of its grandeur and sacred shrines for my people were not there-Dubuque was not there." It was such noble and touching sentiments that endeared him to the Cath- olics. yes, all the population. of Dubuque. All the Catholic so- cieties and churches welcomed him; presents and loving addresses were showered upon him. P. T. Walsh, prefect of the conference of St. Raphael congratulated him on behalf of the conference on his safe return. On the following Sunday the services at the cathe- dral were imposing and grand beyond description on the occasion of the celebration of Haydn's mass No. 2.
Early in 1863 D. A. Mahony lectured before the Catholic Insti- tute on "The Philosophy of English Grammar." Charles Lascelles was engaged as organist at the cathedral this year. In April, 1863, the German Catholic church at the foot of Eiglith street having be- come too small for the congregation, a much larger and finer struc- ture was planned and at once commenced. In April the news- papers spoke particularly of the grand music at the cathedral, rendered by the Lascelles choir during Easter time. At the Cath- olic fair in the summer of 1863, to aid the new German Catholic church, the total net proceeds were $1,641.24. Father McCabe and Father Fendrick were prominent in this movement.
By May 15, 1863, there was subscribed for the new German
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Catholic church about $41,000. The new residence of Bishop Smyth near the cathedral, to cost about $8,000, was planned at this time.
On Sunday, May 3, 1863, in the Cathedral the ceremony of bless- ing an abbot (Rev. Ephraim McDonnell) occurred for the second time in the United States. An abbot governs a monastery ; a bishop governs a diocese. In a monastery there is perpetual abstinence from flesh meats; seven hours a day for manual labor; two for pious reading, besides meditation from 2 o'clock a. m. to break of day. St. Bernard was a famous abbot of the twelfth century, and the scene of his labors was on Mount Blanc. An imitation of that monastery and abbot was the mission in this county and were the monks of La Trappe. At the Cathedral on May 3 the entrance of the bishops and clergy into the sanctuary was highly imposing. There were present Rt. Rev. Bishop Smyth, Revs. Fathers McCabe and Clifford, deacon and sub-deacon, respectively. On the right sat Rt. Rev. Bishop Duggan, of Chicago, attended by Rev. Moloney and Very Rev. Dr. Dunn. There were also present Rev. Father Fendrick, of Holy Trinity church, Dubuque ; Father Myetz and the Trappist Fathers, Robert and John. At a signal the abbot ad- vanced, knelt before the bishop, read the vow of obedience and was interrogated on each question by the bishop. The abbot having answered in the affirmative, the apostolic mandate was read by the notary, and the bishop said Deo gratias. Then the solemn pontifical mass was said. After the epistle the bishop advanced to the mid- dle of the altar and, while the abbot prostrated himself, the pre- scribed litanies and psalms were recited. The abbot then arose, repaired to a side altar, vested himself and began his devotions of the occasion. After the benediction of the bishop the abbot was invested with the mitre and crozier and, passing down the aisle, gave the people his blessing. This beautiful ceremony was long remembered by all who witnessed it. The sermon of Bishop Dug- gan was a masterly effort. The text was from the first Epistle of St. Paul to the Corinthians, beginning first chapter and seventeenth verse, "The peroration would do honor to the head and heart of any divine in Christendom." The great organ used was really obtained by Father Donelan, familiarly known as Father James. It had been intended for a church in the South, but was secured by Father James, who paid about $2,000 for it. Charles Lascelles, the most superb organist in the West, presided at the instrument. On this occasion he rendered "Kyrie Eleison" (Lord, have mercy upon us ), a piece so full of pathos, supplication and entreaty. His "Gloria in Excelsis" reached the highest point of musical perfection. Miss Lorin Jones rendered with great sweetness and pathos the "Qui Tollis" in the "Gloria." The "Crede" in "Mercandante" was also superbly rendered. The "Et Incarnatus," by Mrs. P. T. Brown, and "The Confitior," by Mr. Lascelles, were given with splendid
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