Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers, Part 30

Author: McDonough, J.L., & Co., Philadelphia
Publication date: 1883
Publisher: Philadelphia : J.L. McDonough & Co
Number of Pages: 578


USA > Illinois > Perry County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 30
USA > Illinois > Randolph County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 30
USA > Illinois > Monroe County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 30


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120


HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.


The result of the first election was as follows :


For Kaskaskia 381 votes.


For Chester 491 44


449


For Sparta


For Evansville.


291


For Centre .


118


4.


For Geographical Centre


-


4


Total vote


1736.


It should be borne in mind that at the general election of 1846, when Lyman Trumbull contested the re-election of Robert Smith for member of congress, with the utmost rigor, the county of Randolph had cast only 1206 votes in all. Parsons Percy commented on this circumstance very se- verely. The second election left Kaskaskia out of the race, aod the "Republican " now embraced the cause of Sparta, not because it loved Sparta more, but because it hated ('hester more intensely. He is aided by a correspondent, "Old Kaskaskia," who is loud in his denunciations of Chester. "Some parties interested in the sale of lots," says 'O. K.,' " have filed a bond to donate $3,500 for the erec- tion of public buildings at Chester." Three of them, Mather, Lamb and Opdyke, are not even residents of Chester, but of New Orleans and Springfield, and Mather was the president of the "rotten " State Bank of Illinois.


Sparta was championed by Andrew Borders, R. G. Shan- non, John A. Wilson, Joseph Farnan, William Roseborough, S. W. McClurken, James A. Foster, E. S. Peck, L. Murphy and J. C. Holbrook, who had made the solemn promise, signed and sealed, that they at their own expense would build a substantial court-house 40x45 feet, and two stories high, if Sparta were to be chosen.


The result of the third election is commented on hy Percy as follows :


"The county-seat election came off on the 7th of June, 1847. Never perhaps in the annals of history was the elec- tive suffrage more grossly violated. Votes from an adjoining state were freely taken-boys and 'persons of doubtful blood' were accepted. Chester performed her part with much eclat, and Sparta was not much behind, if we are cor. rectly informed. This game was played off hy both of those rival towns for the purpose of breaking down Kaskaskia, which they have both been trying to do for years past. We have no doubt that two-thirds of the voters of the county are dissatisfied and would be, no matter which of those two points were successful. So far as we can learn Chester has received a majority of forty votes, but the people of Sparta intend contesting the election.


Had the previous election been conducted with fairness, Kaskaskia would still remain the county-seat, and we think it hard to lose it by such dishonorable means as have been resorted to. We give below the official returns of this hon- orable (?) election, and leave it to the people to make what comments they please upon this extraordinary increase of the population of Randolph county.


For Chester.


For Sparta.


Kaskaskia 120 votes Kaskaskia 83 votes


Prairie du Rocher


37


44


Union


40


17


Georgetown


14


Liberty


28


Liberty


60


Chester


672


Chester


15


Sparta


17


44 Sparta . 695


1042


The next county election, August, 1847, brought out 1428 votes, from which it is to be inferred that some 600 or more illegal votes were polled at said election of June 7, 1847.


The fact of accepting fraudulent votes is admitted by various citizens who witnessed the affair D. S. Lybarger, Esq., a native of Kaskaskia, informed us that the Spar- tans had been as suspicions of the Chesterians, as these of those. Committees to reconnoitre and to act as challengers had been sent from Chester to Sparta, and vice versa. He, (Lybarger), had arrived at Sparta on the night before the election, and bad noticed the arrival of numerous " visitors" from adjacent counties. On the morning of the election the Chester challengers were refused admittance to the poll, whereupon he was sent back to Chester to report. He had made the trip in less than one hour and thirty minutes. Soon after his return, the Spartan challengers at Chester had made their exit, through door or window, "they had not been ' particular,' at all, at all." During election neither Leonidas nor any other Spartan was seen at Chester, but Joseph Mattingley's horse-boat had made many trips bring- ing in voters from the other side. Flat-boatmen also had voted diligently and repeatedly, but it was not true, that the good steamboat Red Cloud had landed a number of passengers and her crew to vote, nor had the boat itself " voted for Chester" as the Spartans had charged.


The Spartans made an earnest effort to contest the elec- tion. An investigation conducted by M. Morrison before three magistrates, developed the fact, proved by witnesses from Chester and Bois Brule Bottom, Missouri, that 135 ille- gal votes had been polled at Chester, and that besides there appeared on the poll book 70 names, not known to the " old- est" inhabitants, also supposed to be fraudulent. " Kaskas- kia Republican," July 31, 1847.


The county seat matter was finally disposed of by the circuit court, November term 1847, and decided in favor of Chester, whereupon the county board was convened by the chairman in, as was subsequently charged, an illegal man- ner, cansing another outburst of indignation and lengthy preambles and resolutions passed in citizens' meetings at Kaskaskia and Preston.


The said session of the county board was held in the court- house at Kaskaskia, on the 22d of November, 1847.


Present : Edward Campbell, William McBride and James Gillespie. The following order was then and there passed by a unanimous vote, to wit :


Order in reference to remove the public records from Kas- kaskia to Chester.


" Whereas the judge of the circuit court of Randolph county has decided that the proceedings bad by the president and board of trustees of the town of Sparta, in said county, in the matter of the county seat of said county are illegal and void; and whereas, the injunction sued out by said president and board of trustees of Sparta against the county commissioners of said county bas been dissolved by his honor, Judge Koerner, at the late term of our circuit court held on the 15th inst. : Therefore ordered, that and in pursuance of a law of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, entitled an act for the location of a permanent county seat for Ran-


Prairie du Rocker 52


Union


64


Georgetown


112


4 4


1082


120A


.


VAIL


POOR HOUSE. -


COURT HOUSE. PUBLIC BUILDINGS RANDOLPH CO. ILL.


121


HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.


dolph county, approved January 30, 1847, the records of Randolph county he forthwith conveyed to the town of Chester, the present county seat of said county, and that the respective officers of Randolph county and the clerk of the court remove thereto and transact all official business re- quired by law to be done at the county seat at said town of Chester, in the county aforesaid."


The order is signed by each member individually. The court then adjourned to the next day, when William McBride had the following words entered on the record : I want it understood that I was in favor of not entering the order for removing the records to Chester uutil our December term of our court.


WILLIAM MCBRIDE.


This order, passed at a session of the board "irregularly called," gave rise to outbursts of public clamor. Indignatiou meetings were held at Kaskaskia on the 10th of December, presided over by J. Feaman, with S. St. Vrain as secretary ; at Preston, on the 15th of December, William Rainey pre- siding, and at various other places, in which meetings, reso. lutions were passed condemning the frauds perpetrated at Chester, and the "indecent " haste of the county com mis- sioners.


The county election, August 2d, 1847, had been a very spirited one, but failed to bring out more than 1428 voters. James Thompson was defeated by John Campbell, by a ma- jority of 260 votes ; John A. Wilson defeated Henry Bil- derback and Anthony Steele by a plurality of 30 and 28 for sheriff. J. W. Gillis, the champion of Kaskaskia, was re- elected recorder over E. Walker and J. D. Spindle. S. St. Vrain was defeated by F. Maxwell for county clerk. IT. H. Baker defeated J. II. Clendenin, W. S. Hughes, and J. H. McCarty for treasurer. Samuel G. Thompson was elected surveyor hy an absolute majority over Ignatius Sprigg, and E. Leaveuworth and D. S. Lybarger were chosen coroners. Two county officers, J. W. Gillis, the recorder, and Charles D. Kane, the circuit clerk, continued to hold forth at the old court-house peremptorily refusing to obey the above order.


THE COUNTY COURT AT CHESTER.


The regular December term, 1847, of the county board was held in the school house at Chester, which said house was furnishel as a temporary court-house by the citizens of said town.


The county board remonstrated with the disobedient county officials, and succeeded in getting the circuit clerk to locate his office at Chester. The recorder, however, was notified on the 11th of November, 1848, that if he failed to remove his office to Chester by the 6th of March, 1849, the office of recorder would be declared vacant. Gillis was ousted by this order, but the people reinstated him by tri- umphantly re-electing him to the office.


The election for delegates to the Constitutional Conven- tion 1847-8 resulted in the election of Ezekiel W. Robbins and Richard B. Servant for Randolph county The form of county government was changed under the new constitu- tion, which provided for county courts to be composed of a judge and two associate justices for each county. These 16


officers were to be elected on Tuesday after the first Monday of November, 1849, and to serve for a term of four years.


The old county board held their last meeting on the 4th day of December, A. D. 1849.


The site of the present court-house at Chester was selected by the county board on the 16th of January, 1849. The lots on which it was erected had been donated to the county by Seth Allen. The building was erected by William P. Haskins, at the expense of private individuals.


William W. Taylor contracted with the county board for the building of the old jail at Chester on the 16th January, 1849. The jail site was also donated by Seth Allen, but the building was paid for (8140) by the county.


The valuation of taxable property in 1849 amounted to $1,124,993. The tax levy was thirty-five cents per 100- aggregating $3,937.47, of which amount $244.40 were re- turned " delinquent."


The population of the county in 1849, as stated in the United States census of 1850, was 11,079, the sixteenth place in point of population. The county tax per capita amounted to only thirty-five and three-fifth cents, while, for the current year the county tax amounts to $3.36 for every man, woman and child in the county.


This population of 11,000 souls were largely Anglo-Ame- ricans, for although the country of Illinois had been colonized principally by French, the descendants of this old stock had by that time gradually disappeared, and their number was actu- ally less than French colonists of the county were estimated to have been in 1763. The chapter on pioneers mentionsa num- ber of Europeans, principally natives of Ireland, who sought and found homes in the county in the very first years of the present century. Among these early arrivals we merely mention James Patterson, and his four sons John, Samuel, Reuben and James, Robert Huggins, John McClinton, David and James Anderson, Adam Hill, Absalom Cox, James and Archibald Thompson, William McBride, Robert McDonald, Joseph and John Lively, George Wilson, Samuel Crozier, Robert Foster, John Anderson, A. M. Henderson, William Nelson, and others. The reader has met many of these names among the leading citizens and county officials. The German nationality now forming a large part of the popu- lation was scarcely represented in the territorial times of the county. About the year 1817 we found two Germans as residents of Kaskaskia, to wit : Ferdinand Unger, a tailor, and Heinrich Resinger, a cabinet maker. The actual German immigration began about the year 1830, when Gustav Pape arrived, soon followed by Caspar Anton Pape, Franz Schwarz, Anton Tilman, Adam Huth, the Wehrheims, Die- derich Moehrs, Charles Schribner, Andreas and John Schoeppel ; between the years 1840 and 1850 arrived John Selteger, Jacob Zang, Charles Reinhart, the Rauchs, Wil- liam Schuchert, J. G Middendorf, John Stoehr, J. H. Meyer, Christopher Gatelman, Paul Pautler, Louis and Diederich Liefer, J. H. Eickelman, Daniel Gerlach, (somewhat later ) J. F. Hornberger, August Begemann, Henry, William and Fred. Ebers, J. F. Knop, D. Bickenberg, H. Welge, William Rurede, J. H. Thies, Fred. Draves, Julius Schrader, Henry and Frederick Sternberg, Diederich Heitmann, Heinrich


122


HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.


Knoche, Louis Meyer, Henry Schnoeker, Henry Bode, Frederick Brinkman, Herman Decker, Henry Hartmann, H. R. Stolle, Philip Schoen, Jacob Gillenburg, F. C. Peters and others. The revolutionary times during the years 1848 and 1849 caused a large emigration in some of the German States, and the arrivals became so numerous, that a recital would fill many pages. The bulk of this German immigration chose farming as their occupation, in which pursuit they have met with astonishing success. Others, principally mechanics, settled in the towns and villages, many engaged in merchandizing, while not a few devoted themselves to keeping of hotels and refreshment shops. A few of these early German settlers and many of their descendants have occupied responsible and important offices of the county. The census of 1860 found fully one-fifth of the population of the county of foreign birth.


We return to the recital of county affairs after the adop- tion of the constitution of 1848.


The election of November, 1849, entrusted the affairs of the county to the first county court, to wit :


John Campbell, county judge,


Benbow Bailey and John Braser, associate justices.


1849 TO 1853.


This court held its first term on the 17th of December, 1849. John W. Gillis, county clerk, John A. Wilson, sheriff. The new court-house was completed during their administration. On June 20, 1850, appeared in open court Thomas Mather, James L. Lamb, Stacy B. Opdyke, A. Andrews, Francis Swanwick, Seth Allen, Adolph Black, A. Perkins, Joseph B. Holmes, Joseph Williamson, Judson Clement, John Swanwick, Marmaduke E. Ferris, Joseph B. Mattingley, James R. Duun, and Charles Song, who on the 4th of June, 1847, had entered into bond to build a suitable court house at Chester, at the expense of the citizens of said town, and presented to the county court said court house for said county to use forever, as their own property in fee with- out charge or rent, and free from all lien or incumbrance whatsoever.


Whereupon the court accepted the tender of said court house and considered that said bond had been fully dis- charged, and tendered the thanks of the county to said donors for the gift of said court house.


The court house was furnished at the expense of the county, and first occupied on the 2d of September, 1850.


The affairs of the county during the decade of 1850 to 1860 were conducted by this court and their successors in an economical and satisfactory manner. The valuation of the property increased perceptibly, and amounted in 1860 to $2,963,000. The taxes for county purposes in that year amounted to $10,371.56, of which, however, $1052.27 re- mained unpaid. Tax dodging had commenced, and con- tinued until it grew to be a dangerous evil. The county authorities resorted to a most pernicious practice, to wit, drawing warrants on a depleted treasury, and, what was worse, made those warrants 10 per cent. interest-bearing paper. The example given by the Federal Government during the war, in creating an immense debt at the very


shortest notice, proved contagious. The authorities of the county found themselves coerced to have a special act passed by the legislature, permitting them to issue bonds, in order to procure the means of managing a heavy floating debt, June 5, 1865. A bridge across Mary's river had been paid for in such orders, amounting in the aggregate to nearly $9,000, and yet the usual tax levy of _5 cents per $100 was not increased. Iu 1864 the court authorized H. C. Cole to erect a fire-proof building, 22 feet by 48 feet, for clerks' offices, promising him 10 per cent. on all moneys advanced by him, and a suitable compensation for superintending the work Bonds amounting to $17,000 were issued June, 1865, and $10,000 more in March, 1866, to pay the purchase price of the Gordon farm, bought for the purpose of making it a poor-farm, and in November, 1866, the citizens of the county voted in favor of having $100,000 of 8 per cent. bonds issued in aid of the construction of a railroad.


This railroad debt gave rise to much complaint, leading to tedious and expensive litigations, which terminated in favor of the bondholders.


Since 1874 the county has been governed by a board of county commissioners, who have succeeded in bringing the finances of the county into shape.


A statement of the financial condition of the county in 1882 is introduced here, followed by a detailed exhibit of the taxable property of the county and its value, from which the reader will perceive that the net debt of the county is less than 4 per cent. of its assessed value. It is also well understood that the real value of the taxable property of the county is nearly four times as great as the assessed value, and that the county indebtedness therefore does not amount to more than 1 per cent. of the property in the county. The tax levy of 1882 is high, but the amount to be collected will reduce the county debt to about $100,000, the principal of the railroad debt contracted in that evil hour of November, 1866.


The value of the public buildings, not reckoning the court house, which is a donation, the substantial clerks' offices, the expensive new jail, the poor farm and its im- provements, is fully adequate to the amount of the debt, less railroad bonds.


Preceding the assessment of 1882 we insert an extract of the assessment of 1.62, in order to show how rapidly values change, leaving it to the readers to draw their lines of com- parison. Just think of it! 21 piano-fortes in 1852, and 378 piano-fortes and melodeons in 1882 !!


FINANCIAL CONDITION OF THE COUNTY, SEPT. 1, 1882.


LIABILITIES.


Bonds issned Sept. 8, 1870, due in 1885


$13,000.00


Bonds issued May, 1878, due 1898 ..


40,000.00


Judgment in Uni ed States court, melding principal of Tamaroa R. R. bond and coupons


108,000.00


Outstanding county orders


833.59


Jury warrants.


€7.80


Total


$161,901.39


ASSETS.


Balance in treasury


$6,835.00


Taxes of 1881, collected and in hands of collector. 4,745.70


11,580.70


Debt, less assets.


$150,320.69


123


HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.


The county authorities, at the November term, 1852, or- dered the following tax levies to be made, to wit :


For general county purposes, per $100, $ .60


.13


For part pay of judgments, per $100. 1.25


Total. $2.00


All county bonds, with the exception of $13,000, are re- gistered with the auditor of the State, who Jevies a special tax to meet the payment of interest.


ASSESSMENT OF 1AG2.


7,449 horses, valned at. $249,441


Manufactured articles .. 7,623


14,472 cattle


97,466


Moneys and credit 119,5 12


542 mnles 1×,209


6,205 sheep. 6,277


21,769 hogs


211,793


2 365 wagon - amit carriages.


61,>25


Lands (85,000 acres in culti-


2,302 clocks and watches


0,171


vation)


1,616 370


21 piano-fortes.


2:314


Lots. 437,380


Goods and merchandise 91,395


5,505 Total £2,866,337 Capital stock


The taxes for that year were for


State purposes $12,970.36


County purposes, 10.088.06


Special school purposes 8.841.08


Total $11,899.50


The delinquent taxes of 1861 and prior years amounted then to 83,857.57.


TAX VALUES OF RANDOLPH COUNTY 1882.


PERSONAJ. PROPERTY.


Tolued at


6,218 horses $25,3216 each $157.474


Material & manufart. articles $31,307


8,537 cattle .. 7.20


61,404


Manufacturers' tools, etc. 7.214


2,123 mules 33.1314


74,350


Agricultural tools. 66,096


7,810 sheep 1.023


$,017


Gold and silver plate 395


15,332 hogs .91


13,935


Diamonds and jewelry 34


67 steam-engines ... 217.64


14,582


Moneys of banks .. 1,371


55 fire-proof safes .. 34.30 2,029


665


Moneys of other than banks


51,638


3,790 car. & wagons 12.551 2


47,588


Credits of other than banks


270,45


4,235 watc. & clocks 2.27


9,624


Bond- and stocks.


Shares of capital stock, etc ... 60


345 piano fortes ..... 50.53


7,327


Property of saloons 3,195


23 % melodeon ... 18.27


4,257


Household furniture . 94,630


3 franchises .. 91.6635


2:5


Investments in real estate ... 3,636


2 annui. & royalties 367.00


734


All other personal property .. 31,496


9 steamb. & vessels 226.6673 2,040


Merchandise on hand. 137,084


Total personal property .. $1,119,105 LANDS AND LOTS.


188,973 acres, improved, at $1.83 4-5.


$1,850,251


163,41'3 acres, unimproved, nt $3.00.


504,772


6,756 lots.


646,547


RAILROAD PROPERTY.


Wabash, Chester and Western


$$2,763


Alton aod Terre Haute.


44,213


Cairo and St. Louis


74,057


181,033


Total


$4,310,708


These tax valuations appear to represent not more than one-fourth of the fair cash value, and it is safe to state that the property enumerated above is worth fully sixteen mil- lions of dollars.


The agricultural statistics of Randolph county set forth that in 1881


22,800 acres produced


136,654 bushels of corn.


89,315


x03,66×


wheat.


132


44


2,14%


spring wheat.


14,61G


..


172,000


OAts.


279


293


=


rye.


161


22×2


= barley.


706


=


37,837


Irish potatoes.


3)


14


1,852


sweet potatoes.


2,804


44


of orchard produced.


38,2MM)


44 apples.


96


2


44


40


pears.


20 neres of vineyards prod'd 782 gallons of wine.


5.18I of meadow 4,649 tons uf timothy hay.


3,922 = of clover ...


... 3,318 tons of clover hay.


12,117 = were pastured.


65,719 are woodland.


9,019 are uncultivated, and


912 " are laid out in city and town lots.


357 horses, valued at $17,819, died during the year, and 430 colts were foaled. Fat cattle, weighing 1,295,516 pounds, were sold, and 214, representing a value of $3,594, died of disease. 3,985 cows furnished the people of Randolph with milk, etc. ; and the report further states that 80,079 pounds of butter, 5,221 of cheese and 685 gallons of milk were sold during the year. 470 sheep, worth $1,460, were killed by dogs, and 554, worth $1,826, died of disease. (It is remark- able that this elass of sheep is so valuable. The average value given in by the assessor is $1.02 3-5, while the sheep killed by dogs are valued at three times the amount.) The wool elipped is reported to have weighed 47.928 pouuds and valued at $10,543-about $2,000 more than the sheep were assessed at; besides there were 3,912 sheep, weighing 361,525 pounds, sold, bringing ahout $15,000 more. 2,949 fat hogs, weighing 535 990 pounds, were sold ; 2,149, weigh- ing 157,463 pounds, died of hog eholera, and 501, weighing 34,271 pounds, died of other diseases. 547 hives of bees produced 1,506 pounds of honey. 900 feet of drain tile was laid in 1881.


EXPENDITURES OF RANDOLPH COUNTY IN 1882.


Assessment, cost of . $1,900.25


County jail and prisoners 2,441 05


Courts and bailifts 3,073.40


County officers .


0,15.30


Court house-fuel, ice. insurance 421.51


Court offices, printing and stationery


1.333.27


Elections . 848.60


Paupers-in poor house $4,140.47


outside of . 2,74× 77


in State institutions 541.63


inquesta . 131.39


.4 new building 1,954,06 $12,427.23


Roads and bridges


7,621 79


Suodries


316.9%


Total . $36,709.36


Dedneting the cost of the new building on the poor farm, to wit, $1,031 OG from the whove amount, it would appear that the regular county expenditures Amounted to . $31,7.5.30


To which add interest on $13,000 bonds 1,300.00


interest on $40,000 bonds at 7 per cent. 2,800.00


Interest on 100,000 R. R. bonds at 8 per cent. 8,000,00


$ 13,835.30


We failed to obtain the United States Census Re- ports of 1880 before concluding this chapter, in order to add statistics of public interest and permanent value. These reports are however, not ready, and may not be com- pleted for some time From the lists filed by the enumerators in the clerk's office, we glean the following iu reference to the population of the various precincts of the county :


1. Baldwin .- Town, 271; outside, 1286; total . 1557


2. Bremen .- Total . 703


3-4. Blair and Central .- Total 1650


5. Brewerville .- Total 546


6. Chester -Town, 2525; TOTAL, 1995; total . 4520


7-8. Coulterville and Tillen .- Total . 2004


9. Ernnaville .- Total . 1101


10. Florence .- Total 761


11. Kaskaskia .- Total population 1150


12. Prairie du Rocher .- Total 1110


13. Red Bud .- Total . 2595


193


peaches.


Credits of banks 2×1


21 billiards 31.6635


15,402


2340 sew. machines 5.96 14,10017


All other personal property ... 122,767


Total $$12,547


For roads, per $100,


124


HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.


14. Rockwood .- Town, 231 ; rural, 989 ; total . 1211


15. Ruma .- Total . . 883


16. Aparta .- Town of 1786 ; Eden, 201 ; rural, 1421; total . 3408


17. Steeles Mills .- Town of Steelesville, 440; rural, 1059 . 1499




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