USA > Illinois > Perry County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 120
USA > Illinois > Randolph County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 120
USA > Illinois > Monroe County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 120
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Silas L. Bryon,
Edward Y. Rice,
II. P. Buxton,
James P. Robinson,
Daniel Cameron,
Lewis W. Ross, William P. Pierce,
William Cary,
Lawrence S. Church,
N. J. Pillsbury,
HIiram H. Cody,
Jno. Scholfield,
W. F. Coolbangh,
James M. Sharp,
Alfred M. Craig,
Ilenry Sherrell,
Robert J. Cross,
W. H. Snyder,
Samuel P Cummings,
O. C. Skinner,
John Dement,
Westel W. Sedgwick,
G. S. Eldridge,
Charles F. Springer,
James W. English.
John L. Tincher,
David Ellis,
C. Truesdale,
Ferris Foreman,
Ilenry Tubbs,
Jesse C. Fox,
Thomas J. Turner,
Miles A. Fuller,
Wm. H. Underwood,
John P. Gamble, Wm. L. Vandeventer,
Addison Goodell,
Henry W. Wells,
Jolin C. Haines,
George E. Wait,
Elijah M. Haines,
George W. Wall,
John W. Hankins,
R. B. Sutherland,
R. P. Hanna,
D. C. Wagner,
Joseph Hart,
George R. Wendling,
Abel Ilarwood,
Chas. Wheaton
Milton Hay,
L. D. Whiting,
Samuel Snowden Hayes,
John II. Wilson,
Jesse S. Hildrup,
Orlando H. Wright.
ATTEST :- John Q. Harmon, Secretary.
Daniel Shepard, First Assistant Secretary.
A. H. Swain, Second Assistant Secretary.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, STATE OF ILLINOIS. Office of Secretary.
I GEORGE H. HARLOW, Secretary of the State of Illinois, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true copy of the constitution of the State of Ilinois adopted in convention the 13th day of May, 1870, ratified by a vote of the pen- ple the 2nd day of July, 1870, and in force on the 8th day of August, 1870, and now on file in this office. In testimony whereof 1 hereto set my hand and affix the Great Seal of State, at the city of Springfield, the 31st day of March, A. D. 1873
GEO. H. HARLOW, Secretary of State.
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION.
Amending section 31, article 4. Proposed by the General Assembly, 1877, ratified by a vote of the people November 5, 1878, proclaimed adopted by the Governor November 29, 1878.
SECTION 31, ARTICLE 4.
The General Assembly may pass Iate permitting the owners of lands to con- struct drains, ditches, and levees for agricultural, sanitary and mining purposes across the lands of others, and provide for the organization of drainage dis- tricts, and vest the corporate authorities thereof with power to construct and maintain levees, drains and ditches, and to keep in repair all drains, ditches and levees heretofore constructed under the laws of this State, by special as- sessinents upon the property benefited thereby.
Amending section 8, article 10. Proposed by the General Assembly, 1879, ratified by a vote of the people November 2, 1880, proclaimed adopted by the Governor November 22, 1880 :
SECTION 8, ARTICLE 10.
In each county there shall be elected the following county officers, at the general election to be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, A D. 1882 : A county judge, county clerk, sheriff, and treasurer ; and at the election to be held on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, A. D. 1884, a coroner and clerk of the circuit court, (who may be ex-officio recorder of deeds, except in counties having 60,000 and more inhabitants, in which conn- ties a recorder of deeds shall be elected at the general election in 1884). Each of said officers shall enter upon the duties of his office, respectively, on the first Monday of December after his election, and they shall hold their respec- tive offices for the term of four years, and until their successors are elected and qualified : Provided, that no person having once been elected to the office of sheriff, or treasurer, shall be eligible to re-election to said office for four years after the expiration of the term for which he shall have been elected.
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505
HISTORY OF RANDOLPH MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE.
When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have con- nected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and of nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.
W'e holdt these truths to be self-evident, that all men are ere- ated equal ; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that, whenever any form of govern- ment becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new govern- ment, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form as to them shall seem most likely to of- feet their safety and happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that governments long established should not be changed for light and transient canses ; and, accordingly, all experience hath shown that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object, evinees a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security. Such his been the patient sufferance of these colonies, and such is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former systems of government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute tyranny over these States. To prove this let facts be submitted to a eandid world :
He has refused his assent to laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good.
He has forbidden his Governors to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, unless suspended in their operation till his assent should be obtained ; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them.
Hle has refused to pass other laws for the accommodation of large districts of people, unless those people woukl relinquish the right of representation in the legislature ; a right inestimable to them, and formidable to tyrants only.
He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their public records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures.
He has dissolved representative houses repeatedly for oppos- ing, with manly firmness, his invasions on the rights of the peo- ple.
He has refused, for a long time after such dissolution, to cause others to be elected ; whereby the legislative powers, incapable of annihilation, have returned to the people at large for their exercise; the State remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the danger of invasion from without, and convulsions within.
He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States ; for that purpose, obstructing the laws for naturalization of for- eigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new appropriations of lands. Ile has obstructed the administration of justice, by refusing his assent to laws for establishing judiciary powers.
lle has made judges dependent on his will alone, for the ten- ure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries,
Ile bas erected a multitude of new offices, and sent hither swarms of officers to harass our people, and eat out their sub- stanec,
IIe has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of our legislature.
Ile has affected to render the military independent of, and superior to, the civil power.
Hle has combined, with others, to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws ; giv- ing his assent to their aets of pretended legislation.
For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us.
For protecting them, by a mock trial, from punishment, for any murders they should commit on the inhabitants of these States.
For cutting off our trade with all parts of the world:
For imposing taxes on us withont our consent :
For depriving us, in many cases, of the benefits of trial by jury :
For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended of- fences :
For abolishing the free system of English law in a neighbor- ing province, establishing therein an arbitrary government, and enlarging its boundaries, so as to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these colonies :
For taking away our charters, abolishing our most valuable laws, and altering fundamentally, the powers of our govern- ments :
For suspending our own legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.
Ile has abdicated government here, by declaring us out of his protection, and waging war against us.
He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people.
Hle is, at this time, transporting large armies of foreign mer- cenaries to complete the work of death, desolation and tyranny, already begun, with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation.
He has constrained our fellow-citizens, taken captive on the high seas, to bear arms against their country, to become the exe- cutioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands.
He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has en- deavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merci- less Indian savages, whose known rule of warfare is an undis- tinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions.
In every stage of these oppressions, we have petitioned for re- dress, in the most humble terms; our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injury. A prince, whose charac- ter is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people.
Nor have we been wanting in our attention to our British brethren. We have warned them from time to time, of attempts made by their legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them of the circumstances of our emigration and settlement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them, by the ties of our common kindred, to disavow these usurpations, which would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspon- denec. They, too, have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace, friends.
We, therefore the representatives of the UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, in GENERAL CONGRESS assembled, appeal- ing to the Supreme Judge of the World for the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the name, and by the authority of the good people of these colonies, solemnly publish and declare, That these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain, is, and ought to be, totally dissolved ; and that as FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES, they have full power to levy war, conclude peace, con- tract alliances, establish commerce, and to do all other nets and things which INDEPENDENT STATES may of right do. And, for the support of this declaration, and a firm reliance on the protection of DIVINE PROVIDENCE, we mutually pledge to each other, our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor.
JOHN HANCOCK.
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506
HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES.
WE, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our pos- terity, do ordain and establish this CONSTITUTION for the United States of America.
ARTICLE I.
SECTION I. All legi-lative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.
SECTION 2. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the sev- eral States, and the electors in cach State shall have the qualifi- cation . requisite for electors of the most numerons branch of the State Legislature.
No person shall be a Representative who shall not have at- tained to the age of twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States which may be included within this Union, ae- cording to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not tixed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Congress of the United States, and within every subsequent torm of ten years, in such manner as they shall by law direct. The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Representative ; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to choose three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, and Georgia three.
When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the Executive authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.
The Ilouse of Representatives shall choose their Speaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeachment.
SECTION 3. The Senate of the United States shall be rom- posed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legisla- ture thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three elasses. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the expiration of the second year, of the second class at the expiration of the fourth year, and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year, so that one-third may be chosen every second year ; and if vacancies happen by resigna- tion, or otherwise, during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may make temporary appointments nntil the next meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies.
No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of thirty years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which he shall be chosen.
The Vice President of the United States shall be the President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless they be equally di- vided.
The Senate shall choose their other officers, and also a Presi- dent pro tempore, in the absence of the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the office of President of the United States.
The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. When sitting for that purpose they shall be on oath or affirma- tion. When the President of the United States is tried, the Chief Justice shall preside. And no person shall be convicted without the concurrenee of two-thirds of the members present.
Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and en-
joy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States ; but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law.
SECTION 4. The times, places and manner of holding elections for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof; but the Congress may at any time by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the places of choosing Senators.
The Congress shall assemble at least onee in every year, and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall by law appoint a different day.
SECTION 5. Each house shall be the judge of the election, returns and qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business ; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner, and under such penalties as each house may provide.
Each house may determine the rules of its proceedings, pun- ish its members for disorderly behaviour, and, with the concur- rence of two-thirds, expel a member.
Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secrecy ; and the yeas and nays of the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.
Neither house, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than that in which the two houses shall be sitting.
SECTION 6. The Senators and Representatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to be ascertained by law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States. They shall in all cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in cither house they shall not be questioned in any other place.
No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil office under the author. ity of the United States, which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time ; and no person holding any office under the United States, shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.
SECTION 7. All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives ; but the Senate may propose or con- eur with amendments as on other bills.
Every bill which shall have passed the House of Representa- tives and the Senate, shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the President of the United States; if he approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to that house in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the ob- jections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objec- tions, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be recon- sidered, if approved by two-thirds of that House, it shall become a law. But in all such eases the votes of both houses shall he determined by yeas and nays, and the names of the persons vot- ing for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each house respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted), after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like man- ner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjourn- ment prevent its return, in which case it shall not be a law.
Every order, resolution or vote to which the concurrence of Senate and House of Representatives may be necessary (except on a question of adjournment), shall be presented to the Presi- dent of the United States; and before the same shall take effeet, shall be approved by him, or being disapproved by him, shall be repassed by two-thirds of the Senate and House of Representa- tives, according to the rules and limitations prescribed in the case of a bill.
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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
SE TION 8. The Congress shall have power-
To lay and collect taxes, duties, impo-ts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general wel- fire of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises sh ill be uniform throughout the United States ;
To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes;
To establish a uniform role of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the I'nited States;
To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures ;
To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States ;
To establish post-offices and post-roads ;
To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by seeur- ins for limited timesto authors andinventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries ;
To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court ;
To define and publish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations;
To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rales concerning captures on land and water ;
To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money t> that use shall be for a longer term than two years;
To provide and maintain a navy ;
To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces;
To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions ;
To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, an I for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States, respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congre-s.
To exercise legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such dis- tricts (not exceeding ten miles square ), as may by the cession of particular States and the acceptance of Congress become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legisla- ture of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards and other needful build- ings ;- and
To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for car- rying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or to any department or officer thereof.
SECTION 9. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.
The privileges of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be sus- pended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.
No bill'of attainder or ex-post facto law shall be passed.
No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid unless in pro- portion to the census, or enumeration hereinbefore directed to be taken.
No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any State.
No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another ; nor shall vessels bouud to, or from one State, be obliged to enter, clear, or pay duties in another.
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in con- sequence of appropriations made by law ; and a regular statement and account of the receipts and expenditures of all public money shall be published from time to time.
No title of nobility shall be granted by the United States ; and no person holding any office of profit or trust under them, shall without the consent of Congress, accept of any present, emolument, office, or title, of any kind whatever, from any king, prince, or foreign State.
SECTION 10. No State shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque or reprisal ; coin money ; emit bills of credit; make anything but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility.
No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be ab- solutely necessary for executing its inspection laws, and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the United States ; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of the Congress.
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