USA > Illinois > Perry County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 37
USA > Illinois > Randolph County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 37
USA > Illinois > Monroe County > Combined history of Randolph, Monroe and Perry counties, Illinois . With illustrations descriptive of their scenery and biographical sketches of some of their prominent men and pioneers > Part 37
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The first murder ense. A boy, or young man, Jacob Gil. mon, had died on December 22, 1827, under suspicious cir- cumstanees, so that William Biggs, the coroner, deemed it his duty to hold an inquest A coroner's jury, with Joshua Talbot as foreman, was called on the 30th of January, 1828, to hear the testimony of Cynthia Reynold, who swore that between the 4th and 10th of July last she was a' the house of Jervett Varuum, and she understood that the said Varnum was then whipping Jacob Gilmon at the cow pen which was a considerable distance from the house, and she, the said Cynthia, distinctly heard blows, which she supposed to be inflicted on the body of said Gilmon with a stick, and that Gilmon screamed from the time she first heard the blows, and that he continued screaming for a considerable time after the blows ceased, and that he continued crying until she went to bed ; and that he, the said Varnum came to the house apparently in great pas ion, and said that he had given the said Jacob the severest whipping that he had ever given him. On the day following said Jacob said in the presence of herself aud Mrs. Varnum, that Jewett would never give him but one more whipping, for he had almost killed him. The wife of said Jewett told him to hush, that Jewett had not given him too much ; and he ( Jacob) said that Jewett had given him too much, had thrown him against the fence and almost killed him.
The physicians attending the post mortem have the follow- ing testimony in writing :
" We, the undersigned practitioners in medicine, having been called on by W. Biggs, the coroner of Monroe county, to examine the body of Jacob Gilmon who was supposed to have died from the effects of an external injury received, do certify on oath, that our examination was particularly con- fined to the head, and by careful examination of the bones of the os frontis and os temporis (!) and the upper part of the os temporis (sic) having been fractured, we do agree that the said deceased came to his death by violence committed in some way.
W. G. GOFARTH, JAMES NEWLIN, T. STANTON."
Thereupon the corouer's jury agreed to render the follow- ing verdict :
We, the jury, after examining the body of Jacob Gilmon, believe his death was caused by violence done by Jewett Varnum, from the evidence produced.
JOSHUA TALBOT, foreman.
Varnum was thereupon committed to jail, and for that purpose, on January 31, taken to Belleville, as Monroe county had no jail, only a lock and some irons, and they were in possession of a citizen of Harrisonville. He imme- diately petitioned Judge T. W. Smith for a writ of habeas corpus, under which he was brought to Edwardsville before his Honor, Feb. 5, 1828. The judge admitted him to ba il
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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
in $500 with Thomas Hamilton as security. The case was brought before the grand jury, who on the 8th of March, 1828, indicted Varnum for murder. The indictment set forth that the beating given the boy ou Ju'y ath, 1828, had caused his death on the 22d of December next, etc.
The case was tried on the 13th of August, 1828, and Varnum was acquitted.
A Challenge to fight a Duel .- At the next term of the court, in August, 1828, Justus Varnum was indicted for challenging Isaac Clark to fight a duel with rifles, to wit, on the 13th of July last. Bad blood, caused by a lawsuit about the right of some property, had prevailed for some time between the parties. The duel was not fought, and the case against Varnum the Just was nol. pros. in August, 1829.
Another Murder .- Eliza Head was put on trial for her life in May, 1831, hefore Judge T W. Smith. It appears that Daniel Winn had made an affidavit before 'Squire Thomas McRoberts, on the 21st day of April, 1826, that he had found the dead body of a female infant near his house ; that he had reason to believe that said infant came to her death by violence ; and further, that he believed that one Eliza Head was the murderess of the child. A special term of the court was thereupon called by Judge Smith, to be held in May, 1831. The grand jury, through James Taylor, their foreman, presented an indictment against said Eliza, charging that on April 19, 1826, immediately after having given birth to a bastard child, she had destroyed its life by filling the mouth and throat of the infant with dirt and leaves, not having the fear of God before her eyes but being moved and seduced by the instigation of the devil, and against the peace and dignity of the state, etc.
The prosecution summoned the following witnesses : Daniel and Mary Wiun, James Wells, Fielder Burch, Samuel New- lin, J. M. Wilson, Robert Miller, James Miller, Robert Wilson, David Ditech and Abigail Converse. The trial came off on the 31st of May, Attorney-General Alfred Cowles prosecuting and A. W. Snider defending. The jury, com- posed of William Wright, James Shephard, James Modglin, John Wooters, Lynville M. Daniel, Elijah Axley, John Matlock, Moses Lock, John Clark, Thomas McDaniel, Tho- mas Sterrill, Jr., and Thomas Morgan, rendered a verdict of " not guilty."
A second indictment, charging the said Eliza with con- cealing the death of a child, was disposed of by a plea of want of jurisdiction, the plea being sustaincd by the court.
More Murders .- Henry Appel, indicted April, 1848, was tried and found guilty at said term. He was defended by Bissell and Engelmann, and obtained a new trial, when he was found guilty of manslaughter, and sentenced to the peni- tentiary for five years. Two cases of larceny against him added fifteen years to the above sentence. Appel was a St. Clair county man ; the name of his victim is not men- tioned in the records.
Jacob C. Jones was tried for murder August, 1848, and acquitted. Christopher aad Franz Reininger were tried for murder April, 1849; they, too, were acquitted.
Leaving this subject of murder and bloodshed, we shall turn now to another subject, to wit : the naturalization of foreign- born residents of the county.
NATURALIZATION.
European immigrants commenced to arrive in the county of Monroe about the year 1833. The first naturalization papers were granted to John Raddleberger, August 26, 1840. His Honor, Judge Sidney Breeze, administered the oath of allegiance to the applicant, and made him a naturalized citizen of the United States. Applications for citizenship now became numerous, and as it may interest the present generation to read the declaration of such applicants, we introduce here that of Ludwig Pilger, to wit :
I, Ludwig Pilger, an alien born free white person, do here- by in conformity with the acts of congress relating to the naturalization of foreigners, declare and make known that my true and proper name is Ludwig Pilger, that I was born in the Grand Dutchy of Hesse Darmstadt on the 27th day August, 1800, and that I am forty years of age, that I be- longed to the German nation and owed allegiance to the Graud Duke of Hesse, that I landed at the city of New York, and in the United States of America, on the 20th day of June, 1834, that I have ever since my first arrival remained under the jurisdiction of the said United States, and that it is bona fide my intention to renounce, forever, all allegiance and fidelity to every foreign Prince, State or Sovereignty whatever, and, more particularly such allegiance and fidelity as I may in any wise owe to the said Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt, and to become a citizen of the United States : that I do not now enjoy or possess, nor am I in any wise entitled to any order of Distinction or title of nobility, and that I am sincerely attached to the principles contained in the Constitution of the United States, and desire that this my declaration and report may be accepted, filed and recorded preparatory to my intended conformity with the several acts of congress heretofore passed on that subject.
Subscribed and sworn to before me ) this 23d day of February, A. D., & LUDWIG PILGER. 1840.
W. W. OMELVENY, clerk.
List of foreign born citizens naturalized in the county, from August 26, 1840, to April term, 1850. J. A. Franke, George Frick, John Frick, Joseph Haller, W. Kraemer, Philip Wehrheim, John Wehrheim and E. Waldmann, August C. Haserick, Joseph Riehl. John P. Brann, Sebas- tian Berger, James Burke, Joseph Ilempe, Jacob Horn, John Koechel, George Koch, George Leip, B. Mosbacher, Joseph Mohler, Joseph Mohr, Louis Nadler, Joseph Reihl, Jacob Ruch, Joseph Schroeder, Valentin Siegel, Vincent Somm, Andrew Schirmer, Anton Schaefer, Joseph Specht, John Schaffer, Anton Sparwasser, William Thackway, David Walsh, John Welch, John Kirsch, Patrick McGrath, Michael Kelley, Jacob A. Beck, Henry Lauer, Mathias Huth, Lewis Pelzer, George de Pugh, Anton Dictz, Urban Voelkli, James Newsham, George Maerz, Adam Bruegel,
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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
Adam Hahnenberger, Christopher Klube, John Minker, Henry Oestrich, Henry Miller, Adam Beeker, Henry Manni, Johann Dietz, Nicholas Reitz, Valentin Schafenberger, John Hempe, John P. Hofman, Peter Wierscheim, sr., and Peter Wierscheim, jr., John McCrossin, Thomas Burns, Jacob Rau, James Roscow, Frederick Henekler, Thomas Coop, John Adam Mummert, Michael O'Leary, Charles Henekler, James Simmott, Jacob Frick, Christopher Heyl, J. Michael Kraemer, Gottlieb Huch, Charles Frick, Paul Schmitz, Jacob Rahn, Daniel Klein, Louis Grossmann, Joseph Roscow, Philip Jarges, Peter Wickline, Perry Fox, Martin Huth, Thomas Crowe, John P. Ensinger, jr., John Dixon, George A. Kopp, John Lofink, Martin Dunn, Thomas Lamb, William Gilmore, Valetin Bruegel, Thomas Griffin, John Rye, John Delaney and Michael Berthall.
This list contains but a part of the names of the early emigrants. Hundreds obtained their naturalization papers in other counties and in St. Louis, Mo. Many more, find- ing no difference between citizenship and the right of suff- rage, took no step to be naturalized, as the constitution of the State gave the latter right to all who had been residents of the county prior to its adoption-March, 1848.
The number of immigrants poured into the county since 1848, principally from Germany, have completely turned the features of this county, which at its organization was largely American. The German language now predomin- ates in many parts of the county, and in the stores, the shops, yea, even in the court house, " wird deutsch gespro- chen." Many of the remainders of the old American stock understand the German perfectly and speak it fluently.
The German schoolmaster, and above all, the German priest or clergyman have by their ceaseless efforts succeeded in perpetuating the language of the Vaterland on the banks of the Mississippi.
MONROE COUNTY IN THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, FROM 1818 TO 1848.
Section 8, Article II. of the Constitution of 1818, stipu- lated that Monroe should be entitled to one Senator and one Representative, until a State census should be taken.
The First General Assembly convened at Kaskaskia, Oct. 5, 1818, and adjourned on the 13th of that month, hecause the Constitution had not yet been approved by Congress. It met in second session, January 4, 1819, and adjourned March 31, 1819. Alexander Jameson represented the county in the Senate, and William Alexander in the House, 1818 to 1820.
The Second General Assembly convened at the new State Capital, Vandalia, December 4, 1820, and adjourned Feb. 15, 1821. Alexander Jameson, senator, and Enoch Moore, representative, 1820 to 1822. Vandalia remained the State capital for twenty years.
Third General Assembly, 1822 to 1824. Joseph A. Beaird, senator ; William Alexander, representative.
Fourth General Assembly, 1824 to 1826. Joseph A. Beaird, senator ; George Forquer and Thomas James, repre- sentatives.
Fifth General Assembly, 1826 to 1828. Joseph A. Beaird,* senator ; Thomas James, representative.
Sixth General Assembly, 1828 to 1830. Samuel McRoberts t senator ; Moses Lemen, representative.
Seventh General Assembly, 1830 to 1832. Jonathan Lynch, senator ; John D. Whiteside, representative.
Eighth General Assembly, 1832 to 1834. Jonathan Lynch, senator ; John D. Whiteside, representative.
Ninth General Assembly, 1834 to 1836. Benjamin Bond, senator ; John D. Whiteside, representative.
Tenth General Assembly, 1836 to 1838. John D. White- side, senator (resigned March 6, 1837); James B. Moore, senator (successor of Whiteside) ; David Nowlin, represen- tative (resigned); John A. Summerville, representative (suc- cessor of Nowlin).
Eleventh General Assembly, 1838 to 1840. James B. Moore, senator ; Edward T. Moore, representative.
Twelfth General Assembly. 1840 to 1842, convened at Springfield (now the capital of the State), on the 23d of November, 1840. James A. James, senator ; W. H. Bissell, representative
Thirteenth General Assembly, 1842 to 1844 James A. James, senator ; Jacob J. Danner, Andrew J. Dickinson and William McBride.# representatives.
Fourteenth General Assembly, 1844 to 1846. Joseph Mor- rison, senator for Randolph and Monroe ; E. Adams, E. W. Robbins and John D Whiteside, representatives for Ran- dolph and Monroe.
Fifteenth General Assembly, 1846 to 1848 Joseph Mor- rison, senator ; Robert Mann, John Morrison and Edward Omelveny, representatives.
MONROE COUNTY-1849 TO 1883.
The State Convention of 1847 was convened at Spring- field June 7th, 1847. and adjourned August 31st, 1847. The constitution proposed was ratified at a special elec- tion held on the 6th of March, 1848, and went into force and effect April 1, 1848
This convention was composed of one hundred and sixty- two delegates. Newton Cloud, of Morgan county, was president, Henry W. Moore secretary, and John A Wilson sergeant-at-arms.
James A. James and John D. Whiteside represented the county of Monroe in the convention.
As stated on a preceding page, the county commissioners, court was abolished by the new constitution, and the govern. ment of the county entrusted to county courts.
First County Court, 1849 to 1853-John Morrison, County
* A re-apportionment was made January 12, 1826, by which Monroe, Clinton, and Washington counties formed a senatorin, and the county of Monroe a representative district.
+ Samuel McRoberts was elected to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Jo- seph A Beaird. McRoberts had been clerk of both county and circuit courta, as well as recorder, during the infancy of the county. Ilis records are to this day models of accuracy and penmanship. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1x11, to succeed John M. Robinson, of Carmi. McRoberts died March 22, 1813, and was succeeded by James Semple of Alton, senator, appointed by Gov. Ford
# February 26, 1841, the ratio for a senator was fixed at 12,000, and for a repre_ sentative, at 4,000 inhabitants. Monroe remained n part of the old St. Clair genatorial district, and formed with Randolph county a representative district, which was entitled to three members of the house.
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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
Judge ; Bradley Rust, James M. Robinson, Associate Justices ; Daniel Converse, Clerk ; John H. Wilson, Sheriff.
The first meeting of this court took place on the 3d of December, 1849 The proceedings during the first two years of this court are void of interest. The judge himself devoted his attention to examining most minutely intu all county affairs. The constantly increasing public business, as well as the growing claims on account of support of paupers necessitated an increase in taxation. Besides, the old court house, whose walls were " shook " by the balls of children when it was new-1834-was wholly inadequate for even the most modest demands. The question, when and how to build, was mooted for fully two years, and when at last the plan of building a new court house was matured, and a contract made, the court wisely ordered a special tax for the purpose of paying for the work as it progresst d,
The contract price was only $8.000, but how carefully was the contract itself drawn up. There is, we venture to say, no contract on the files of any of the other counties of the State so detailed and so carefully worded as the ore in question. Its perusal may not interest all the readers of this sketch, and yet it is very good reading, and men in future may learn a lesson from it.
The New Court House .- The building of the present court house was an undertaking of some magnitude, consid- ering the indifferent condition of the county finances, and the limited revenues of the county.
The county authorities were well aware of the situation, and the articles of agreement drawn up and entered into on the 5th day of September, A. D. 1851, bear witness to their foresight. We introduce this voluminous document at full length, so that in future times the county authorities may be guided in similar cases.
The Agreement .- This article of agreement made this 5th day of April, A. D. 1851 between Lloyd Prather, of the first part, and John Morrison, judge of the county court, Bradley Rust and James M. Robinson, associate justices of the county court of Monroe county, Illinois, and their succes- sors in office for the second part, witnesseth :
That for and in consideration of the sum of $8,000, to be paid by the said parties of the second part or their successors in office, as hereinafter on their part particularly set forth, the said Lloyd Prather does hereby agree and bind himself, to build a Court House on the public square in the town of Waterloo, Illinois, for said county, and on such place on said square as shall be designated by the said county court, according to the following plan and specifications, to wit :
1st. Excavotion of all that part of the earth that will be under the two rcar rooms, to be excavated six feet from the lower edge of the joists, the same being about 17x25 feet each, all that other part of the outer foundation which will be under said building, as shown in the plot annexed hereto, and drawn to 4 inch to the foot, making the said building 43x60 feet on the ground, is to be excavated to the depth of 2} feet and 2} feet wide, and all partition walls are also to be excavated to said depth, eighteen inches wide, said cellars and trenches for foundation to be dug to a level from the
proper point in such a manner that the brick walls will stand plumb over the center of all the lower foundations.
21. Foundation .- All that part of the foundation from the bottom of the cellars to the top of the grade, and all that other part of the foundation of said building to be good common mason work of lime stone rock of good size for such a job, well laid in good lime and sand mortar, said walls to be laid solid and firm clear through the whole thickness of the wall, all of said mortar walls to be two and a half feet thick, and all the inner or partition walls to be eighteen inches thi ·k, brought up to a true level at the top of grade.
3d. Upper Found ition .- All that part of the upper foundation under the outer walls of said building to be raised on the outside from the top of the lower foundation or grade to the height of two feet with good bush-hammered cut rock of lime stone, laid in two ranges if practicable, with as small joints as possible of lime and sand mortar ; the rock for said foundation is to have an inch and a half margin cut or tooled all around, top and bottom, and the center snugly dressed with a fine bush hammer, the lower range of rock to be a little wider than the upper one. And the thickness to vary from 6 or 8 to 14 inches, and those thick and thin rock placed alternately on the walls so as to make a good joining with the backing up behind the face work, which is to be sufficient to make the walls two feet thick of common mason work. On the top of this cut stone work there is to be a water table, eight inches in depth and dressed in the same mauner on the face as the other cut-ston-, said water table to be from ten to fourteen inches wide, and beveled from the brick walls between the outside three-fifths of an inch so as to throw off the water, and the same is to project over all around one and a half inches and beveled snugly all around, making good intersections. There is to be backing up behind the water table level with the top, the same as the backing up behind the other cut work. The partition walls in the upper foundation to be raised to a level with the outer foundation, the same thickness as the lower and the same kind of work, all of which must be well and substan- tially done, taking care to have the walls well tied together from the face, or nearly so, tha; the two beds will come snugly together and thereby prevent springing when the weight comes on.
4th. Sills, etc .- There are to be sills at the side entries doors set iu range with the water table, the same thickness and worked in the same manner, and to be wide enough to extend from the outer edge to the inside of the brick wall. At the two ends there must be a stone platform, to be long enough to embrace the entire finish of the door set in range with the water table, the same thickness and dressed in the same manner, and to be wide enough to extend from the front raige of the water table four feet inside of the brick wall, which will require each to be about 6x9 feet. There are to be butments carried in connection with the wall from the foundation up sufficiently high for the platforms to rest upon at each end and to be a little elevated on the inside to run out the water. The joist must be so arranged as to bring the flour level with the top of those sills and platforms, observing that the joists must go into the
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HISTORY OF RANDOLPH, MONROE AND PERRY COUNTIES, ILLINOIS.
stone walls; there are to be three stone steps at each door the rise being eight inches aud tread tourteen inches, finished in the same style.
5th. Sills and cups .- All windows to have stone caps and sills, to be dressed in similar manner ; sifls 5 inches thick, and as wide as usual ; the caps to be 103 inches wide and of proper thickness. The outside doors must have wooden frames clear through the wall, made from joists 2 by s inches, spiked or pinned together and well put on, so as to prevent settling or cracks.
tth. The briek for said buikling must be of the best merchantable quality, moulded in twos and of city sizes, using the best front brick for the outside.
Tth. Brick work -All the brick work is to be done in good substantial manner, and never running more than scaffold high on one wall before bringing up the other walls to the same height. All the outside walls to be run to the height of 261 feet from the top of the water-table to the square of the building, making the first story 103 feet high and the second story 15 feet high ; the outside walls to be 22 inches thick, including : nteas. The autea to project about +4 inches, leaving the walls about Es inches thick, and, after running to the top of the antea caps, the wall must then be full thickness clear through, there by making the faces of the eornice of brick, as also the architrave of the cornice, set out at square projections ; the antea caps are also to be of brick, set out at square projections. The inner or partition walls to be run to the height of the first story, und nine inches thick. All the brick must be laid in their appropriate places with true face to walls inside and out. with straight angles and plumb. Said brick must be laid in good lime and sand mortar, and all the interstices to be filled up with mortar, so as to make a good solid wall.
8th Carpenter's work -All the joists in the first and second floors to be 24 by 10 inches, of white or post oak, or otherwise white or yellow pine. There must be at least one range of eross bridging, of suitable size, run through each room and passage below between the joists, and also three ranges in the upper floor, one over each below, well secured. All the above joists are to be placed on the walls 16 inches from the eentre. There must be a heavy girder, or rather two, to reach across the passage, to lay the joists on. Said girder should be 10 by 12 inches, and rest well on the wall.
9th. Ceiling and roof .- There must be six pair of princi- pal raf ers in said roof, one t . stand over each antea, but where the flues and chimneys come they must be as near the antea as practicable, on account of fire, minding to equalize the weight as much as possible; said rafters to be as fol- lows: Each main beam 7 by 10 inches, and long enough to extend over the wall on both sides. There are to be two king posts, hammer beam, and spur braees. The queen posts must be at least 7 by 12 inches, cut in such a shape that the head of the principal rafter when cut square will fit it when applied ; also cut at the foot, so as to receive the spur brace. In the same way said posts must be well framed into the main beams, and said beams are to be sup- ported by means of an iron stirrup, } by 2 inches, going around the beam and extending up the posts at least two
feet from the lower edge of the beam, drawn up by means of two iron keys, made of sufficient length to drive through, and then bolted through with a three-quarter iron bolt with head and nut. The principal rafters must be let into the main beam at the bottom or heel, and there secured by means of a seven-eighth screw bolt with washers, put ing the same through at right angles from the top of the rafters. The queen posts must be framed into the girders a little more than one-third of the space from the inside of each walt. The hammer beams must be with a little head to the shoulder, so as to box into the queen posts one-half inch at its lower edge. The size of the principal rafters and beams are to be 7 by & inches, two ranges on each side of the roof, one to jog down on the beams immediately behind the queen posts, the other at a proper distance below, as near the head of the spur brace as practicable, or not quite half-way to the raising plate, which must be 2 by 10 inches, and well se- cured to the beams and lookouts. Jack rafters must be 2 by 6 inches. The ceiling joists must be 21 by 6 inches, boxed in between the main beams as to a strip well nailed or spiked. Said joints must be put in 6 inches from the eentre ; at least every other j aint at each end of the building must remain outside of the wall to fasten cornice to. Oh- serve to only have the end beams that rest on the wall half the depth of the others, or 5 by 7 inches, and well secured. On the top o the joists there must b . lookouts framed in on the sides, of sufficient number and size to make a good sub- stantial job, say at least 10 inches deep. All the above joists and roof timbers must be of good white pine, to use square-edged sheeting 1 inch thick, to use the best quality of white pine shingles, laid from 4 to 5 inches to the weather. Roof to be the same pitch as shown in the plan ; to be a con- venient seuttle left through the ceiling in the lobby at the head of the stairs, and also one through the roof at a con- venient place for getting out ; the same to be well secured with copper, so as to entirely prevent leaking. There must also be copper gutters behind each and all the chimneys, being four in all.
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