History of Chicago. From the earliest period to the present time, Part 142

Author: Andreas, Alfred Theodore
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Chicago, A. T. Andreas
Number of Pages: 1340

USA > Illinois > Cook County > Chicago > History of Chicago. From the earliest period to the present time > Part 142

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Having thus noticed the character of the early architecture of Chicago, its subsequent growth and development are subjects which logically belong to a later period, in the history of which it will be fully and appropriately treated.

ART AND ARTISTS.

Samuel MI. Brooks, who was here as early as 1833, was the first artist in Chicago. He subsequently removed to California. In 1845 he offered for sale the paintings then owned by him, to enable him to indulge in European study.

In 1842 Mrs. Strangman advertised in the Daily American that she was prepared to give instruction in music, painting and ornamental needlework.

J. L. Porter, a miniature painter, had a studio in the Exchange Building. His advertisements show that he

remained here from 1845 to 1847, and possibly longer.

R. M. White, an engraver, was also a lover of art work, and in 1845 received a complimentary notice in the Democrat.

In November, 1850, Powers's " Greek Slave " was exhibited at Tremont Hall, and aroused much discus- sion as to the propriety of the nude in art.

A large painting entitled " Christ Healing the Sick." was exhibited here in 1850, but did not receive profit- able patronage.

The daguerrean artists at that period were C. C. Kelsey, 136 Lake Street, P. Von Schneidau, 122 Lake Street, and John Hunter, at 85 on the same thorough- fare.

Charles Peck painted a panorama of the Mississippi and scenes from Chicago to the Pacific, in an early day, which was exhibited in this country and Europe.

Monsieur Andreu, an excellent artist in landscape work, resided here in 1854-55. In the latter year he painted and exhibited a representation of the Garden City, in four sections. His views were taken from the observatory of the Tremont House.

Monsieur Montel, an artist in monochromatic draw- ing, oil and water colors, also a teacher of the French language, in 1854 had his studio at 84 Dearborn Street, opposite the theater. In the next year there were C. V. Bond in the Exchange Building, C. E. Cridland at 189 La Salle Street, E. S. Lennox and W. W. Pendergast at 131 Lake Street, H. D. Theilcke in the Metropolitan Block; of this number, Mr. Cridland excelled in land- scape pieces. He painted that year for Robert Fergus a piece of this kind, which was pronounced a very fine painting. Mr. Fergus exhibited it at the State fair, where it received the award of being the best landscape work on exhibition.

St. Alary, an artist of some note, was here in 1856, and later. Among his pieces which attracted much attention, and which were painted in this city, were " Contemplation," "Calypso," the " Spanish Belle," the "Canadian Belle," and "Child at the Brook."

J. Healy, an excellent portrait artist, in 1856-57 had his studio in the Exchange Building. An item in a number of the Democratic Press of that time, says that Mr. Healy had painted portraits of William B. Ogden, E. L. Wadsworth and wife, Dr. Brainard and wife, Mrs. E. Tinkham, and many others.

In October of that year, a very fine painting, “ An English Farm-yard," by J. F. Herring, was brought to this city and exhibited in a room rented for the purpose at No. 10 South Clark Street. Each animal in the picture was painted from life. The painting which was valued at $3,000, was pronounced the best which at that time had ever been brought to Chicago.

BENEVOLENT, LITERARY AND SOCIAL SOCIETIES.

MASONIC.

Who was the first Freemason to become a resident of Chicago, is a difficult question to answer, and one that is not essential to the history of the fraternity in the city. Masons in the segregate may do a great deal by personal example, but the increase of the Order, and the dissemination of its recognized principles and doctrines, only become practicable upon the organi- zation of a lodge, and its establishment as a working body.

The primitive germ. the first "sprig of acacia," planted in the soil of Illinois, was the lodge established at Kaskaskia by a dispensation from the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania, dated September 24, 1805, and at their meeting on December 14, 1805, the lodge received an auto-baptism, which gave it the name of Western Star Lodge.

The officers of this first of Illinois lodges were James Edgar, W. M. ; Rufus Easton, S. W. ; Michael Jones, J. W. ; Robert Robinson, S. D. ; Alexander Anderson, J. D. ; William Arundel, secretary. Thomas J. V. Owen, a subsequent Chicagoan, was a member of the lodge in 1826. The first initiation of record in the State was that of Charles Querey, who took the Entered Apprentice degree in this lodge, on February 3, 1806. Upon September 13, 1806, the lodge assembled under a charter dated June 18, 1806, from the Grand Lodge- of Pennsylvania, wherein the lodge was established as " Western Star Lodge, No. 107."

The Order increased and multiplied, and at a con- vention held at Vandalia, December 9, 1822, a Grand Lodge was instituted, whereof Shadrack Bond was Grand Master. This Grand Lodge * lasted until about 1828, but received the homage of several of the Illinois lodges during its continuance, as they withdrew from the various Grand Lodges by whom they were consti- tuted, and paid tribute unto the Masonic Cæsar of Illinois.

Until 1835, from the date of the discontinuance of the Grand Lodge, the history of Masonry in Illinois is a tabula rasa. The supposition is that " they lived and moved, and had a being ;" but their existence was overt, their motions unattended with publicity, and their being emulative of the cryptic status of the early Christians at Rome. History records the fiery trials, the unjust opprobrium, the bigoted antagonism that were heaped upon Masons in these years, inaugurated in 1826; and Illinois Masons apparently bowed their heads before the tornado of blind passion and fury that swept over the country, disbanded their organizations and waited until the calm light of reason should again have assumed its dominance. The last to surrender its existence was " Western Star Lodge, No. 107."

In 1835 the dispersed brethren commenced re-unit- ing, and the impetus this year given to the Masonic fraternity has but gathered momentum with each suc- ceeding year; the light then kindled bas burnt with a steady, lambent, increasing flame.t

. Richard J. Hamilton was G. J. W. in :8:4.

+ The History of the Grand Lodge of Ihnens, by H. G. Reynolds; and the proceeding- of the tiran 1 Lodge, from 184u to 18to, have been invaluable in the compilation of this topic.

On February 24, 1838, is the first instance of a cor- ner-stone having been laid with Masonic ceremonies in the State ; Equality Lodge, No. 102, having performed that office for the public works at Shawneetown.

One word of explanation is necessary relative to the numbers borne by the early lodges of Illinois ; they de- rived their charters from various Grand Lodges, and took the numbers from the category of each specific source of being.

On April 6, 1840, at the Masons' Hall, in Jackson- ville, a convocation assembled and formed the Grand Lodge of Masons of Illinois, said Grand Lodge having a constituency of one hundred and twenty-seven mem- bers in a segregation of six lodges. In 1841, Stephen A. Douglas was elected Grand Orator, but was unable to serve. He was at the time Junior Warden of Spring- field Lodge, No. 4.

Upon October 4, 1841, charters were voted to lodges at Dixon, Chicago, and Joliet upon their complying with Section six of the by-laws of the Grand Lodge. In the case of the Chicago Lodge, the by-laws would. appear to have not been obeyed, as no charter is recorded as having been issued.

Dr. William B. Herrick, subsequently Master of Ori- ental Lodge, took the third degree on January 29, 1842 ; he having been initiated June 16, 1841, and passed June 21, 1841. The lodge to which he belonged at this time was called Mount Moriah, No. 33, but was chartered as Hillsboro Lodge. Dr. John T. Temple also appears September 24, 1842, as a member of Far West Lodge, No. 29.

LAFAYETTE LODGE, No. 18 .- At the meeting of the Grand Lodge on October 2, 1843, LaFayette Lodge, of Chicago, under dispensation, was represented by L. C. Kercheval, and on this date the charter was granted to LaFayette Lodge, No. 18, and Kercheval admitted as its representative to the Grand Lodge. He was subse- quently appointed Grand Steward ; being the first Chi- cago Mason who held a position in the Grand Lodge. The dispensation for LaFayette Lodge was recom- mended by Joliet Lodge, No. 10, and was granted on October 2, 1842, by the Grand Master, but the lodge did not meet until June 13, 1843, when their organiza- tion was perfected by the installation of officers. At this ceremonial there were present : N. Hawley, W. M. Juliet, No. 10 ; Samuel H. Gilbert, W. M .; T. W. Smith, S. W .; Carding Jackson, J. W .; L. C. Kercheval, secretary, pro tem .; Isaac Haight, treasurer, pro tem .; John Davis, S. D., pro tem .; Joseph Fischbene, J. D .; F. A. Howe, tyler; and J. H. Sullivan and William Harman, M. M. The names appended to the by-laws are: Samuel H. Gilbert, Carding Jackson. H. W. Bige- low, Samuel J. Lowe, 1 .. C. Kercheval, John Davis. J. Fischbene. F. A. Howe, Barnabas Horton, William Har- man and John Ferns. The first raising was that of P. T. McMahan, but the date is unknown. On October 16, 1843, John Ferns was elected tyler. On December 18, the following officers were elected: Carding Jack- son, W. M .; H. W. Bigelow, S. W .; Mathias Taylor. J. W .; Samuel J. Lowe, treasurer ; L. C. Kercheval, sec- retary ; John Davis, S. D .; Joseph Fischbene, J. D .;

507

508

HISTORY OF CHICAGO.

F. A. Howe and "Barney Horton," stewards ; John Ferns, tyler.

The following comprise those who were raised to per- pendicularity in 1844 by LaFayette Lodge : W. B. Snow- hook, J. L. Howe, on the third Monday in January; E. L. Sherman, William Sheer, February 17; Samuel J. Surdam, February 20 ; * J. J. Huntley, A. C. Taylor, P. P. Robin- son, Valentine A. Boyer, March IS ; Cornelius Lansing, March 25 ; Thomas Brooks, April 1; A. Getzler, June 3 ; Isaac N. Arnold, June 17; John J. Jackson, August 20 ; Joshua Bell,t September 2; Isaac P. Hatfield, October 1; John B. Irvin, November 4 ; Charles R. Starkweather and William S. Brown, December 2 ; Lot Whitcomb, December 3 ; Virgil H. Eachus, December II. June 17, a semi-annual election was held resulting in the choice of Carding Jackson, W. M .; H. W. Bige- low, S. W .; M. Taylor, J. W .; Samuel J. Lowe, treas- urer ; L. C. Kercheval, secretary ; John Davis, S. D .; Alfred C. Taylor, J. D .; John Ferns, tyler ; R. Chester and R. J. Hamilton, stewards. September 2, Kercheval resigned as secretary and Valentine A. Boyer was in- stalled as wielder of the instrument "that is mightier than the (tyler's) sword." On November 18, William Jackson was initiated, no charge being made for the de- gree ; it being conferred gratuitously upon the son in recognition of the services of the father-Carding Jackson. On December 2, 1844, the lodge endorsed a petition for the establishment of a new lodge ; this petition to the Grand Lodge being, presumptively, for a dispensation for Apollo Lodge, No. 32. December 16, 1844, an election was had resulting in placing Card- ing Jackson as W. M .; M. Taylor, S. W .; Samuel J. Lowe, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer ; William S. Brown, secretary : Thomas Brooks and George B. Fear- ing, deacons; Captain J. Jackson and I. P. Hatfield, . therefore void ...

stewards, and I. P. Hatfield, tyler.

In 1845 the officers of LaFayette, No. 18, were Card- ing Jackson, W. M .; M. Taylor, S. W .; Hart L. Stew- art, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer ; C. G. Wicker, secretary ; Isaac P. Hatfield, S. D .; Thomas Brooks, J. D .; B. Horton and J. L. Thompson, stewards ; N. Christy, tyler ; R. J. Hamilton and Henry Brown, past- masters. In 1846 the officers were Richard J. Hamilton, W. M .; Mathias Taylor, S. W .; Hart, L. Stewart, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer ; C. G. Wicker, secretary ; J. L. Thompson, S. D .; Thomas Brooks, J. D .; Abraham Kohn and J. Y. Sanger, stewards : I. P. Hatfield, tyler. The officers for 1847 were Mathias Taylor, W. M .; Charles G. Wicker, S. W .; J. C. Miller, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer ; Abraham Kohn, secretary ; Thomas Brooks, S. D .: Philip Newberg, J. D .; J. L. Thompson, tyler. In 1848, the occupants of official positions were Carding Jackson, W. M .; Isaac N. Arnold, S. W .; J. C. Miller, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer ; Isaac P. Hatfield, secretary ; Philip Newberg, S. D .; J. L. Thompson, J. D .; V. W. Potter and John B. Weir, stewards ; Nathan Christy, tyler ; and the lodge had ninety-four members. The lodge in 1849 had the fol- lowing officers : Carding Jackson, W. M .: J. C. Miller, S. W .; Philip Newberg, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treas- urer ; 1. P. Hatfield, secretary : Jacob Gauch, Jr., and William A. Begole, deacons ; Heman Hatch and J. G. Howe, stewards ; Nathan Christy, tyler.

. Samuel Johnson Surdam is the oldest living Mason (September, 1883) made in Chicago,

+ Joshua Bell experienced some difficulty in arriving at the degree of Mas- ter Mason. He took the E. A. degree, hut during his recipiency of the F. C. degree allowed unne atheistiral prochvities tu dominate over his responses; whereupun he was led forth by the article provided for that purpic. subse- quent investigation and explanation demonstrated his rligilulity and he succes- sively took the remaining two degrees. Vide paragraph on .Anti-Masonry.

In 1850 the offices were filled as follows: J. C. Miller, W. M .; Philip Newberg, S. W .; R. E. Goodrich, J. W .; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer; I. P. Hatfield, secre- tary: George Cowper, S. D .; William McMillan, J. D .; Martin Dodge and H. R. Taylor, stewards; John Daly, tyler; and eighty-four members were represented by the annual contributions to the Grand Lodge fund; and the following list comprises the names of Master Masons of LaFayette Lodge, No. IS, not heretofore mentioned : Samuel Mckay, James McGuire, N. F. Butler, Samuel Aikins, A. Garrett, Leonard Falch, Duane J. Surdam, Francis Edwards, James Campbell, John Blackstone. Joseph Atkinson, J. F. Colby, M. L. Knapp, J. W. Dun- lap, Levi Rosenfelt, William Locke, Daniel Lyons, W. B. Smith, D. S. Cady, Joseph Filkins, Scott Benedict, Matthew Mcilvaine, G. Wetherbee, N. W. Watson, S. J. Huntley, B. Nietschmann, Jacob Rosenburg, J. A. W. Donahoo, Frederick Weis, W. H. Dobson, George Chacksfield, Solomon Kellogg, W. H. Wells, John Pfund, F. Burckey, Joseph Goodrich, Jacob Rosen- baum, J. M. Lowe, Theodore Hubbard, James McCord, J. D. Jennings, James A. Marshall, David Sheppard Smith.

In the proceedings of the Grand Lodge for 1847 occurs a peculiar case; that of Isaac P. Hatfield, of LaFayette Lodge, No. 18. It appears that he was sum- marily suspended from Apollo Encampment, by receiv- ing notice October 5, 1846, and in said notice his atten- tion was called to a resolution, purporting to have been adopted by the Grand Lodge, declaring that suspension from an encampment carried with it suspension from all lower degrees. The Grand Lodge, upon being peti- tioned by Hatfield on the subject, decided that the reso- lution had never received deliberate sanction and was

APOLLO LODGE, No. 32 .- The first authentic notice concerning Apollo Lodge, No. 32, and Oriental Lodge, No. 33, is in the proceedings of the Grand Lodge for 1845; at which session Rev. W. F. Walker, of Oriental Lodge, and William Stuart, of Apollo Lodge, both under dispensation at Chicago, were admitted as proxies of Joliet Lodge, No. 10. At this session the Grand Master reported granting dispensations to Apollo* and Oriental lodges; and charters were recommended to be granted them under the numbers thirty-two and thirty- three respectively. Messieurs Stuart and Walker, at the request of the Grand Lodge, rehearsed the lectures in the first and second degrees; as recited, they were commended by the Grand Lodge and unanimously adopted for the work in those degrees. Whereby Chi- cago was complimented, and again was distinguished by the election of Rev. William F. Walker to the office of Grand Master, and William Stuart to the office of Grand Orator.

The directory for 1845 specifies that Apollo Lodge was instituted by dispensation from the R. W. D. G. Master, November, 1844, and that the officers were William Stuart, W. M .; John R. Case, S. W .; Cornelius Lansing, J. W .; Charles Follansbce, treasurer: William H. Adams, secretary; C. R. Starkweather, S. D .; C. C. Norton, J. D .; Rev. W. F. Walker, chaplain; James .1. Marshall, L. Mower, G. Wadhams, stewards; and G. Wadhams, tyler.

The charters for Apollo, No. 32, and Oriental, No. 33.+ must have been granted this session, as on November S, 1845, the Grand Master granted a dispensation to

* The dispensation was granted to William Stuart, W. M .: John R. Casc, S. W .; and Cornelius Lan-ins. J. W.

t The charter for Oriental lange was dated October 9, 1945.

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MASONIC.

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510

HISTORY OF CHICAGO.

Apollo, No. 32, to pass and raise John Wentworth; and reports having, upon the same day, consecrated these lodges and installed their officers .*

The following is the earliest list on record of the officers and members of Apollo Lodge, No. 32; and is the list for the year 1846: Jolin R. Case, W. M .; Cor- nelius Lansing, S. W .; Charles R. Starkweather, J. W .; Charles Follansbee, treasurer; William H. Adams, sec- retary; J. Herman Bird, S. D .; Carlton Holland, J. D .; James A. Marshall and Joseph Keen, stewards. The tyler was not a member of the lodge. Past Masters were William Stuart and John Barney; and the Master Masons were: John Brinkerhoff, Charles H. Larabee, Joseph C. Brautigam, Adam Gibbs, John A. Ruckhart, J. Milo Strail, M. Leopold, Lyman Mower, E. W. Her- rick, Charles R. Vandercook. Alonzo G. Huntington, Sylvester N. Rice, William MI. Jackson, James Long, John Wentworth, L. W. Clark, Edward R. Harmon and Cyprian C. Norton.

The lodge made no report to the Grand Lodge for the year 1847, but presented the following statement, on the date designated :

"CHICACO, September 23, IS4S.

" To the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of the State of Illinois: " The undersigned, officers of Apollo Lodge, No. 32, held in the city of Chicago, would respectfully represent that, in the spring of 1847, Apollo Lodge made an agreement with Oriental Lodge, whereby the two lodges might be consolidated, and thereby form one lodge, more respectable as to numbers and inore econom- ical as to expenses than if two distinct organizations existed. Besides, the wants of the fraternity did not require so many lodges in this vicinity.

"In accordance with the above agreement, and with the con- sent and by the advice of the M. W. Grand Master, Nelson D. Morse, the members of Apollo Lodge, as per our returns, severally dimitted from the lodge, June 25, 1347, and soon afterward the majority of them became members of Oriental Lodge.

"A sufficient number dimitted to reduce the remaining mem- bers as per our report, to the first three officers; since which time Apollo Lodge has held no meetings, nor has it had in the opinion of the fraternity, an existence as a lodge. Our charter has been removed from the lodge room, and has been for more than a year at the disposal of the Grand Lodge. The unexpected absence of the W. M. last year prevented any action being taken upon it at your last Annual Communication. The officers are willing to abide by the decision of the Grand Lodge, either to return their charter or to place it in the hands of some person appointed by your bonorable body to receive it.

" The officers would state that they have no funds or property remaining in their hands belonging to the lodge, and that the books of the lodge, placed in the hands of the Senior Warden for safe keeping, were, among other things belonging to him, unfortu- nately destroyed by fire during the present summer; that they have but their charter and the usual fee to return.

"The officers would therefore respectfully petition your hon- orable body to relieve them of their responsibility and enable them to connect themselves with other lodges, and thereby enable them the better to enjoy the privileges of the Masonic institution,

"And that your honorable body will direct us in relation toour charter, either to return it to the Grand Secretary or place it in the hands of some appointed person, your petitioners will ever pray. " JOHN R. CASE, W. M.

" T. HERMAN BIRD, S. W. " J. A. MARSHALL, J. W." +

And at this date, October 3, 1848, the charter of Apollo Lodge, No. 32, was directed to be returned to the Grand Secretary. Hic jacet Apollo! yet though here he sank to rest, he awoke with the Orient; and as under those auspices shone with a steady, lambent flame, con- stantly increasing, steadily growing, until the light of Oriental Lodge, No. 33, is disseminated amid the Chicago of six hundred thousand inhabitants.

ORIENTAL LODGE, No. 33 .- La Fayette Lodge, No.

* As a matter of general Masonic history. it may be remarked that the creed that it is indisponsible for a Muson to believe in the Deity was this year fuiminated by revolutions in Illinois lodges.

t Case and Bird subsequently joined Oriental, No. 33, and Marshall remained with LaFayette No. IS.

18, by the accretion of members, became perforce endowed with the maternity of Apollo, No. 32, to relieve ·herself of the super-abundant Masonic clientel. Not- withstanding this fact, by July, 1845, LaFayette Lodge was again unduly distended by membership, beyond the number recommended as the maximum by constitu- tions and the Grand Lodge; a number of the members consequently decided upon instituting another lodge, among whom were William B. Herrick, J. V. Z. Blaney, George Davis, W. H. Davis, William Henry, Hamilton Hough, C. L. Schlatter, W. S. Brown, S. W. Sherman, Samuel Hoard, W. F. Walker, Reuben Tayler: these Masons signing the petition to the Grand Lodge and being the charter members of Oriental, No. 33.

A dispensation was granted August 8, 1845, and the first meeting was held August 9, 1845; whereat were William F. Walker, W. M .: William B. Herrick, S. W .; C. L. Schlatter, J. W .; J. V. Z. Blaney, S. W. Sherman, W. H. Davis, Hamilton Hough, members; W. H. Adams. Charles R. Starkweather and J. R. Case of No. 32, visitors. The dispensation was read, by-laws adopted and Oriental Lodge launched for the East.

ORIENTAL LODGE, No. 33,-On October 9, 1845, the charter was granted by the Grand Lodge of Illinois to Oriental Lodge, No. 33, with the three senior officers therein named as at the first lodge meeting. On De- cember 20, 1845, the following officers were elected : J. V. Z. Blaney, W. M .; William B. Herrick, S. W .; C. L. Schlatter, J. W .; Samuel Hoard, treasurer ; George Davis, secretary ; Hamilton Hough, S. D .; T. A. Stew- art, J. D .; W. H. Davis and S. W. Sherman, stewards ; W. F. Walker, chaplain; Isaac P. Hatfield of La- Fayette, No. 18, tyler.

December 19, 1846, the annual election was held with this result: James V. Z. Blaney, W. M .; George Davis, S. W .; C. L. Schlatter, J. W .; Samuel Hoard, treasurer ; L. P. Hilliard, secretary ; George Ryer, S. D .; Nathan C. Geer, J. D .; William W. Mitchell, chaplain ; W. H. Davis, and S. W. Sherman, stewards ; J. L. Thompson, of LaFayette, No. 18, tyler.

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History of Chicago. From the earliest period to the present time, Part 142

Author: Andreas, Alfred Theodore Publication date: 1884 Publisher: Chicago, A. T. Andreas Number of Pages: 1340

Author: Andreas, Alfred Theodore
Publication date: 1884
Publisher: Chicago, A. T. Andreas
Number of Pages: 1340