USA > Kansas > Kansas; a cyclopedia of state history, embracing events, institutions, industries, counties, cities, towns, prominent persons, etc. with a supplementary volume devoted to selected personal history and reminiscence, Voilume I > Part 9
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Underneath the city is a vein of fine salt, 400 feet in thickness, which has been developed, and a salt plant now turns out some 50,000 barrels annually. In addition to this great industry, the city has an ice plant, a glove factory, a well equipped waterworks system owned by the municipality, natural gas for fuel and light, an electric lighting plant, a fire department, large grain elevators, flour mills, two newspapers, a Carnegie library, and a good public school system. Ample banking facilities are provided, and the city, being located at the junction of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, the Kansas City, Mexico & Orient, the Kansas Southwestern and the Mis- souri Pacific railroads, its transportation facilities are unsurpassed. Hence it is a prominent shipping and distributing point, its exports be- ing grain, live stock, salt, and the products of its manufacturing estab- lishments. The Anthony Commercial club was organized on Jan. I, 1909, and under its auspices a building and loan association has been organized to aid the people in becoming home owners. The Anthony postoffice is authorized to issue international money orders and four rural delivery routes supply the farmers in the vicinity with mail daily. All the leading express companies have offices, and the telegraph and
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telephone service is better than that often found in cities of similar size. That the people of Anthony are progressive in their ideas is evidenced by the fact that the commission form of government was adopted in Feb., 1909.
Anthony, Daniel R., journalist and soldier, was born at South Adams, Mass., Aug. 22, 1824, a son of Daniel and Lucy Anthony, and a brother of Susan B. Anthony, the famous advocate of female suffrage. In his boyhood he attended school at Battenville, N. Y., and later spent six months at the Union Village Academy. Upon leaving school he be- came a clerk in his father's cotton mill and flour mill until he was about 23 years old, when he went to Rochester, N. Y. After teaching school for two seasons he engaged in the insurance business, and in 1854 he was a member of the first colony sent out to Kansas by the New Eng- land Emigrant Aid Society. In June, 1857, he located at 'Leavenworth, which city was his home for the remainder of his life. When the Sev- enth Kansas cavalry was organized in 1861, Mr. Anthony was com- missioned lieutenant-colonel and served until he resigned on Sept. 3, 1862, his resignation being due to a controversy between him and Gen. R. B. Mitchell. While in camp at Etheridge, Tenn., in June, 1862, Lieut .- Col. Anthony was temporarily in command of the brigade, during a short absence of Gen. Mitchell, and issued an order prohibiting slave- owners from coming inside the Union lines for the purpose of recover- ing fugitive slaves. The order further specified that "Any officer or soldier of this command who shall arrest and deliver to his master a fugitive slave shall be summarily and severely punished according to the laws relative to such crimes." When Gen. Mitchell returned and assumed command of the brigade, he asked Lieut .- Col. Anthony to countermand the order. Anthony replied that as he was no longer in command he had no right to issue or revoke orders. Mitchell then placed him in command long enough to rescind the obnoxious order, when Anthony, being in command, denied the right of Gen. Mitchell to dictate what he should do, and again refused to countermand the order. He was arrested and relieved of the command, but the matter came before the United States senate and Anthony was reinstated by Gen. Halleck. Then he resigned. He was elected mayor of Leaven- worth in 1863 and undertook to clear the city of Southern sympathizers. Several houses sheltering them were burned, when Gen. Ewing placed the city under martial law. Ewing's scouts seized some horses, Anthony interfered and was again arrested, but was released the next day and civil law was restored. In the spring of 1866 Mr. Anthony was re- moved from the office of postmaster in Leavenworth because he re- fused to support the reconstruction policy of Andrew Johnson. He was president of the Republican state convention of 1868, and the same year was one of the Kansas presidential electors. In 1872 he was again elected mayor of the city ; was appointed postmaster of Leaven- worth by President Grant on April 3, 1874, and reappointed by Presi- dent Hayes on March 22, 1878. He served several terms in the city
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council, and was nominated for mayor a number of times but was de- feated. Mr. Anthony was a life member of the Kansas State Historical Society, of which he was president in 1885-86. In Jan., 1861, he estab- lished the Leavenworth Conservative, but the following year sold it to A. C. and D. W. Wilder. In March, 1864, he purchased the Bul- letin, the Times came into his possession in 1871, and this paper he con- tinued to conduct until his death. As a journalist Mr. Anthony was aggressive, and his outspoken editorials frequently involved him in trouble. To him physical fear was a stranger, and when R. C. Satter- lee of the Leavenworth Herald published something derogatory to Mr. Anthony in 1864 a shooting affair occurred which resulted in the death of Satterlee. On May 10, 1875, W. W. Embry, a former employee, fired three shots at Mr. Anthony on the stairway of the opera house. One of the shots took effect in the right breast, just below the collar bone, severed an artery and Mr. Anthony's recovery from this wound is regarded as one of the remarkable cases of modern surgery. Mr. Anthony married Miss Annie E. Osborn of Edgarton, Mass., Jan. 21, 1864, and died at Leavenworth on Nov. 12, 1904. A short time before his death he suggested the following as his epitaph: "He helped to make Kansas a free state. He fought to save the Union. He published the Daily Times for nearly forty years in the interest of Leavenworth. He was no hypocrite."
Anthony, Daniel R., Jr., journalist and member of Congress from the First Kansas district, was born in the city of Leavenworth, Kan., Aug. 22, 1870, a son of Daniel R. and Annie (Osborn) Anthony. He was educated in the public schools of his native city, graduated in the class of 1887 at the Michigan Military Academy at Orchard Lake, Mich., and in 1891 he received the degree of LL. D. from the university of Michigan at Ann Arbor. The greater part of Mr. Anthony's career has been taken up in newspaper work, and since the death of his father, in Nov., 1904, he has been at the head of the Leavenworth Times, which his father conducted for nearly forty years. From 1898 to 1902 he was postmaster of Leavenworth, and in 1903 was elected mayor of the city for a term of two years. On March 29, 1907, he was elected without opposition to fill the unexpired term of Charles Curtis in the national house of representatives, Mr. Curtis having resigned his seat to enter the United States senate. At the election in Nov., 1908, he was re- elected for a full term of two years, defeating F. M. Pearl by a plurality of 7,950, and in 1910 he was again elected, defeating J. B. Chapman by a plurality of 14,376. Mr. Anthony was the originator of the project to build a military road from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Riley, and on Dec. 16, 1909, he introduced a bill in Congress for that purpose. His plan was to utilize the labor of the convicts in the Federal prisons at Fort Leavenworth, and several farmers along the line of the proposed road have signified their willingness to furnish the stone for its con- struction. In addition to his editorial and Congressional duties, Mr. Anthony is a director of the Leavenworth National bank. He was
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united in marriage on June 21, 1897, with Miss Elizabeth Havens of Leavenworth.
Anthony, George Tobey, seventh governor of the State of Kansas, was born on a farm near Mayfield, Fulton county, N. Y., June 9, 1824, and was the youngest of five children born to Benjamin and Anna An- thony. The parents were active members of the society of Friends, or Quakers, and were unwavering advocates of the abolition of chattel slavery. The father died in 1829, leaving the family in somewhat straightened circumstances. When George was about nine years old the family removed to Greenfield, N. Y., where he attended school dur- ing the winter months and worked for the neighboring farmers in summer. At the age of sixteen years he entered the shop of his uncle at Union Springs, N. Y., and served an apprenticeship as a tinner and coppersmith. Here he worked from fourteen to sixteen hours each day, which doubtless inculcated those industrious habits that charac- terized his course through life. On Dec. 14, 1852, he married Miss Rosa A. Lyon, of Medina, N. Y., and there engaged in business as a tinner and dealer in hardware, stoves, etc. Later he added agricultural implements to his stock, and still later he removed to New York city, where he engaged in business as a commission merchant until the com- mencement of the Civil war. Gov. Morgan selected him as one of a committee to raise and organize troops under the call of July 2, 1862, in the 28th district, composed of the counties of Niagara, Orleans and Genesee, his associates being ex-Gov. Church and Noah Davis. Mr. Anthony organized the Seventeenth independent battery of light artil- lery in four days, and was commissioned captain of the organization when it was mustered into the United States service on Aug. 26, 1862. In command of this battery he served between Washington and Rich- mond until the close of the war; was attached to the Eighteenth corps while in the trenches in front of Petersbuurg; and was with the Twenty- fourth corps in the Appomattox campaign, which ended in the sur- render of Gen. Robert E. Lee. Capt. Anthony was mustered out at Richmond, Va., June 12, 1865, and in November of the same year he became a resident of Leavenworth, Kan., where for nearly three years he was editor of the Daily Bulletin and Daily Commercial. He then published the Kansas Farmer for six years. After coming to Kansas, Mr. Anthony held a number of positions of trust and responsibility. In 1867 he was one of the commissioners in charge of the soldiers' orphans ; in December of that year was appointed assistant assessor of United States internal revenue ; was commissioned collector of internal revenue on July 11, 1868; was president of the Kansas state board of agriculture for three years, and president of the board of Centennial managers in 1876. In the last named year he was nominated by the Republican state convention for the office of governor. During the campaign some of his political enemies charged that he had been guilty of cowardice while serving with his battery in the Army of the Potomac, and insisted on his removal from the ticket. The charge was investi- (I-6)
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gated by the state central committee, which refused to remove Mr. Anthony, and the committee's decision was ratified by the people at the election in November, when Mr. Anthony was elected by a plurality of nearly 23,000 votes. Two years later, in the Republican state con- vention, he was defeated for a renomination on the seventeenth ballot. In 1881 he was made superintendent of the Mexican Central railway, a position he held for about two years. In 1884 he was elected to represent Leavenworth county in the state legislature; was a member of the state railroad commission from 1889 to 1893; was the Republican nominee for Congressman at large in 1892, but was defeated by William A. Harris; was a delegate to the Trans-Mississippi Congress at New Orleans in 1892; was appointed superintendent of insurance by Gov. Morrill in 1895, and held this office until his death, which occurred at Topeka on Aug. 5, 1896. As an orator Gov. Anthony was logical and forcible, rarely failing to impress his hearers by his intense earnestness. He was often criticized-such is always the case with men of positive natures-but no word was ever whispered against his honor or in- tegrity. The Kansas Historical Society Collections (vol. VI., p. 204) says: "George T. Anthony's greatest usefulness to his adopted state was his work while editor of the Kansas Farmer and as president of the board of Centennial managers. The pioneer farmers of Kansas were negligent in the management of farm affairs. Corn was about the only crop produced, and at the end of the season the plow was left in the furrow and the mowing machine was left in the fence corner, while the live stock were left to shift for themselves. The Kansas Farmer taught diversified farming, economy in management, improvement in live stock, and higher regard for home and social life. The Centennial exhibit made a grand advertisement for Kansas."
Anthony's Administration .- The first biennial session of the Kansas state legislature convened on Jan. 9, 1877, and organized with Lieut. Gov. Melville J. Salter as president of the senate, and Peter P. Elder as speaker of the house. Gov. Anthony requested a joint session of the two branches of the assembly, that he might read his message in person. This was something of an innovation, and Representative Mohler, of Saline county, with thirteen others entered a protest against such a pro- ceeding, giving as their reasons therefor, Ist-because it was not an- thorized by the constitution; 2nd-such a joint session was not really the legislature of Kansas; and 3d-it was a departure from established precedent. The protest was made a matter of record, but a majority of the members voted to hold the joint session in accordance with the gov- ernor's request, and on the 11th Gov. Anthony read his message to the two houses.
His message showed that the new executive was fully conversant with public matters, and was replete with valuable suggestions. "The re- ports of the state officers," said he, "show the financial condition and credit of the state to be of the most flattering character. Seven per cent. currency bonds of the state are held at a premium of seven per
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cent. on their par value by the most prudent investors. In fact, it is difficult to find holders willing to part with them, when sought as an investment by the state, at the highest quoted price."
He then carefully reviewed the condition of the state's public insti- tutions; called attention to the ambiguity of the law inflicting the death penalty ; devoted some attention to the Price Raid claims, and recom- mended a "house of correction" for youthful offenders. On this sub- ject he said : "Humanity and the public good unite in demanding a place of confinement, other than the penitentiary, for youthful offenders. So revolting is it to the judgment and conscience of men to consign erring youth, for its first proven crime, to the society and ineffaceable disgrace of a penitentiary, that judges and jurors cannot be found to convict when they can evade it."
As an economical means of providing a place of confinement of this nature for juvenile transgressors, he recommended a separate building and yard on the grounds of the penitentiary, but under the same man- agement.
About the time that Gov. Anthony came into office, complaint was made in several of the western states that the railroads were not giving the people fair treatment in many respects. His utterances on this question evinced the fact that he had given it close attention. Said he : "There is, whether just or not, a widespread feeling of dissatisfaction with the railroad corporations of the state, on account of alleged unful- filled obligations on their part. It is claimed that these corporations received valuable franchise privileges, most of them sharing in the di- vision of a half-million acres of state internal improvement lands, and receiving large contributions of local aid upon their lines in county, township and city bonds ; that these valuable rights and franchises were bestowed on condition, and in consideration, on the part of the state and people, that companies so chartered and aided should build upon the lines and operate their roads, in good faith, between the terminal points named in their respective charters. . Some of these companies, it is asserted, have not built upon the lines, nor caused their roads to con- nect and be operated between and to the points stipulated. . . . In order to settle all controverted points now in dispute as to the char- tered obligations of these companies, I urge the passage of a law which shall clearly and fully embody a demand upon these companies for a recognition of the obligation held by you to be due from them to the state, with adequate provision for its enforcement by the state author- ities."
For some reason the legislature did not see fit to act upon this recom- mendation of the governor, but instead passed several acts authoriz- ing counties, cities and townships to issue bonds to aid in the construc- tion of additional lines of railroad. (See Railroads.)
By an act of Congress, approved July 3, 1876, the secretary of war authorized the issue to certain western states of 1,000 stands of arms each, Kansas being one of such states, but the governors of these states
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were required to execute bond for the proper care of the arms, etc. In Kansas there was at that time no law empowering the governor to give such bond, but the secretary of war turned over to the state the arms, upon a bond given by Gov. Osborn and his promise to secure the rati- fication of his action by the legislature. In his message, Gov. Anthony reminded the assembly that the arms were in possession of the state, and that it was due Gov. Osborn that prompt action be taken approv- ing his course, adding: "Without such action I shall feel it my duty to cause the return of the arms and the cancellation of the bond."
By the act of March 7, 1877, Gov. Osborn's action was legalized and his bond thus rendered a valid obligation upon the state. Two days before the passage of this act the legislature authorized the governor to "procure the erection of a state armory," and appropriated $2,000 for that purpose. The armory was built on the state-house grounds, south- east of the capitol, but has long since been removed.
During the session George W. Martin was for a third time elected public printer, and from Jan. 23 to 31 there were daily ballots for the election of a United States senator. Preston B. Plumb was elected on the sixteenth ballot, receiving 83 votes to 63 for David P. Lowe; 8 for John Martin; I for Thomas P. Fenlon, and 2 for ex-Gov. Wilson Shan- non.
The legislature adjourned on March 7. The principal acts passed during the session were those creating the office of commissioner of fisheries ; reorganizing the state normal school; authorizing the holding of normal institutes in various sections of the state; changing the of- ficial names of the blind and deaf and dumb asylums; making the fiscal year begin on July I instead of Dec. I; and directing the governor to appoint a state agent to prosecute the claims of Kansas against the United States. Ex-Gov. Crawford was appointed to this position short- ly after the adjournment.
Lient .- Gov. M. J. Salter resigned his office to accept a position in the land office at Independence. This left a vacancy to be filled at the election on Nov. 6, 1877, when a chief justice of the supreme court was also to be elected. Three tickets were offered to the voters of the state for their consideration. The Republican nominees were Albert H. Hor- ton for chief justice and Lyman U. Humphrey for lieutenant-governor ; the Democratic candidates were respectively William R. Wagstaff and Thomas W. Waterson; and the Greenbackers presented S. A. Riggs and D. B. Hadley. The Democratic and Republican nominations were made by the state central committees of those parties. This course failed to meet the approval of some of the voters, and on Oct. 6 the Republicans of Bourbon county held a meeting at Fort Scott and de- nounced the state committee "for assuming authority to make nomina- tions." The protest, however, had but little effect upon the ultimate result, as at the election Horton received 63,850 votes ; Wagstaff, 25,378; and Riggs, 9,880, the vote for lieutenant-governor being practically the same. Mr. Humphrey took the oath of office as lieutenant-governor on Dec. I.
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On Dec. 8, 1877, Gov. Anthony made a demand for the surrender of one George I. Hopkins, a fugitive from justice who had sought refuge in the State of Ohio, but Robert F. Hurlbutt, then governor of Ohio, refused to honor the requisition. A correspondence followed and the requisition was again refused by R. M. Bishop, who succeeded Hurl- butt as governor. On Oct. 23, 1878, Gov. Bishop made a requisition for one Peter C. Becker, an embezzler of Butler county, Ohio, who had fled to Kansas, when Gov. Anthony refused, giving the same reasons as those presented by the Ohio authorities in the Hopkins case. This had the desired effect, as on Nov. 21, 1878, Gov. Bishop wrote, explaining the situation, and adding: "I very much regret the circumstance has occurred, as my desire is to remain on the most amicable relations not only with your state, but all the other states The warrant for Hop- kins' arrest will be issued whenever again demanded." Gov. Anthony deserved great credit for the skill and courage with which he handled this matter in upholding the dignity and enforcing the laws of the state.
The winter of 1877-78 was noted for the temperance movement which swept over the state and culminated in the organization of the State Temperance Society at Topeka on March 9, 1878, with Rev. John A. Anderson as president. On April 4 E. B. Reynolds made the announce- ment that 100,000 Murphy pledges had been signed by Kansans.
A great strike of the employees of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railroad commenced on April 4, 1878, and the next day C. F. Morse, gen- eral superintendent of the railroad, wrote to Gov. Anthony as follows: "There is a large mob about our depot, threatening violence. I have called on the sheriff, and he is trying to raise a posse, but we may need help from the state. Will you protect this company and its property?" "I have to assure you," wrote Gov. Anthony the same day in reply, "of my full sympathy, and that the power of the state shall be brought to bear to suppress any effort to drive peaceable laborers from their work upon your road or elsewhere." (See Labor Troubles.)
Three state tickets were nominated in the political campaign of 1878. The first party to hold a convention was the Greenback party, delegates of which met at Emporia on July 3 and nominated the following candi- dates: For governor, D. P. Mitchell; lieutenant-governor, Alfred Tay- lor; secretary of state, T. P. Leach; auditor, A. B. Cornell; treasurer, A. G. Wolcott; attorney-general, Frank Doster ; superintendent of public instruction, I. T. Foot; chief justice, H. V. Vrooman. Frank Doster was later made the candidate for Congress in the third district, the vote of the Greenback party generally going to J. F. Cox, the Democratic candidate for attorney-general. The candidates for Congress in the first and second districts were Elbridge Gale and P. P. Elder, respec- tively. No nomination was made for Congressman at large, the support of the party being thrown to Samuel J. Crawford, the Democratic candi- date.
On Aug. 28 the Republican state convention met at Topeka and nomi- nated John P. St. John for governor; Lyman U. Humphrey, for lieuten- ant-governor; James Smith, for secretary of state; P. I. Bonebrake,
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for auditor; John Francis, for treasurer; Willard Davis, for attorney- general; Allen B. Lemon, for superintendent of public instruction; Al- bert H. Horton, for chief justice ; and James R. Hallowell, for Congress- man at large. The Republican candidates for Congress in the districts were John A. Anderson in the first, Dudley C. Haskell in the second, and Thomas Ryan in the third.
The Democratic state convention was held at Leavenworth on Sept. 4. John R. Goodin headed the ticket as the candidate for governor ; George Ummethum was nominated for lieutenant-governor; L. W. Bar- ton, for secretary of state; Osbun Shannon, for auditor; C. C. Black. for treasurer; J. F. Cox, for attorney-general ; O. F. McKim, for super- intendent of public instruction; R. M. Ruggles, for chief justice; and Samuel J. Crawford, for Congressman at large. J. R. McClure was the Democratic nominee for Congress in the first district ; Charles W. Blair, in the second, and Joseph B. Fugate in the third.
There were no especially exciting features of the campaign, though a fairly heavy vote was polled at the election on Nov. 5, when St. John received 74,020 votes for governor ; Goodin, 37,208; and Mitchell, 27,057. The Republican candidate for Congress in each of the three districts was elected by a substantial majority, and Mr. Hallowell carried the state as the candidate for Congressman at large. It developed, how- ever, that the state was not authorized to elect a Congressman at large. and Hallowell was not permitted to take his seat.
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