USA > Massachusetts > Essex County > History of Essex County, Massachusetts : with biographical sketches of many of its pioneers and prominent men, Vol. I > Part 62
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Wm. Browne.
Walter Price.
Henry Bartholomew.
John Pickering.
Stephen Sewall.
Henry Bartholomew. 1651.
John Porter.
John Porter.
Bartholomew Gedney.
John Higginson.
John Putnam.
Wm. Hathorne.
Jeffry Massy.
Henry Bartholomew. 1663.
Edmond Batter.
Israel Porter.
Joho Pickering.
Roger Couant.
Edmond Batter. 1657.
Wm. Hathorne.
Wm. Hathorne.
Samnel Gardiner, Sr.
Robert Kitchiog.
Jeffry Massy.
Wm. Browoe.
Wm. Browne.
George Corwin.
John Price.
1693.
Henry Bartholomew.
George Corwio.
George Corwin.
Joho Corwin.
John Hathorne.
Wm. Hirst.
Wm. Browne.
John Porter.
Walter Price.
Heury Bartholomew.
John Higginsou.
Stephen Sewall.
George Corwin.
Jacob Barney.
Edmond Batter.
Jos. Grafton, Sr.
John Pickeriog.
Israel Porter.
1652.
Richard Prince.
George Gardiner.
Richard Prince.
Israel Porter. Benjamin Gerrish.
John Pickeriog.
Roger Conant.
Walter Price. 1658.
Wm. Hathorne.
George Corwin.
Bartholomew Gedney.
Robert Kitching.
Walter Price.
Wm. Hathorue.
Wm. Browue.
John Corwio.
John Corwin.
1694.
Jacob Barney.
Roger Conant.
George Corwin.
Jos. Croswell.
John Price.
Wm. Hirst.
George Corwin. Edmond Batter.
Edmond Batter.
Thomas Lathrop.
Jos. Boice.
Edmond Batter.
George Corwin.
1659.
Henry Bartholomew. 1665.
Wm. Hathorne.
Wm. Browne.
George Corwin.
Jobo Pickering.
Israel Porter.
John Price.
Wm. Porter.
1676.
Samuel Gardiner.
Edmond Batter.
John Corwin.
Win. Browne, Jr.
1686.
Wm. Browne.
Samuel Gardiner, Sr.
Jolın Ruck.
George Corwin.
Edmond Batter.
John Pickering.
John Leech.
Thomas Gardiner.
Samuel Gardiner, Sr.
Timothy Liodall.
1667.
Wm. Browne.
John Higginsen.
1687.
John Porter.
Samuel Gardiner, Sr.
John Price.
Nathaniel Putnam.
Lieut. Leach.
John Ruck.
George Putnam.
Edward Fliot.
Wm. Hirst.
Humphrey Woodbury
Win. Trask.
John Higginson.
John Pickering.
Samuel Gardiner.
Edmond Batter.
Joho Corwin.
Robert Kitching.
1668.
Wm. Browne.
1688.
Wm. Browne.
Philip Cromwell.
Joho Putoam.
George Corwin.
John Turner.
Nathaniel Putnam.
George Gardiner.
John Higginson.
Edward Flint.
John Corwin.
Joho Hathorne.
John Higginson.
Benjamin Gardiner. 1679.
Jolio Price.
John Pickering.
John Corwin.
Thomas Gardiner.
Edmood Batter.
Wm. Browne.
Samuel Gardiner, Jr.
1GG9.
George Corwin.
1689.
George Corwin.
John Higginson.
Jolin Putnam.
Edmond Batter.
Philip Cromwell.
John Pickering.
Bartholomew Gedney. Israel Porter.
Israel Porter.
John Putnam.
Joho Hathoroc.
Captain Sewall.
John Corwin.
1680,
Wm. Hirst.
Wm. Browne.
Edmond Batter.
Benjamin Gerrishı.
John Pickeriog. 1670.
Wm. Hathorne.
Samuel Gardiner, Sr.
Stephen Sewall.
John Porter.
Israel Porter.
Israel Porter.
John Porter.
Jos. Grafton, Sr.
1681.
Samnel Gardiner.
Wm. Browne.
Jeffry Massy.
George Corwin.
Wm. Hathorne.
1662.
John Putnam.
John Corwin.
Robert Kitching.
George Corwin.
Jeffry Massy.
Wm. Hathorne.
George Corwin.
Edmond Batter.
John Corwio.
Samuel Gardiner, Jr.
Israel Porter.
1673.
1683.
Edward Flint.
John Porter.
Wm. Hathorne.
Jeffry Massy.
Henry Bartholomew. 1664
1674.
Thomas Lathrop.
1684.
Edward Flint.
John Porter.
Thomas Lathrop.
Walter Price.
Joho Fliat. Nicholas Manning.
Thomas Gardiner.
Timothy Lindall.
1675.
Daniel Andrew. Samuel Gardiner, Jr.
Benjamio Gerrish.
Wm. Hathorne.
Wm. Hathorne.
John Corwin.
Samuel Browne.
Roger Conant.
John Porter.
George Corwin. Walter Price.
Wm. Browne, Jr. John Putoam.
John Higginson. John Rock.
1695.
Wm. Hirst.
Edmond Batter. Thomas Lathrop. Walter Price. 1GGG.
Wm. Hathorne.
Thomas Lathrop. George Putnam. Walter Price.
Joho Price.
1677.
Jos. Grafton.
Philip Cromwell.
Wm. Hirst.
Bartholomew Gedney. John Price.
Timothy Lindall. Wm. Hirst.
George Corwin. Edmond Batter.
John Ruck.
Stephen Sewall.
Edward Flint.
1653.
Israel Porter.
I685. Bartholomew Gedney.
Benjamin Gerrish.
Wm. Browne.
Wm. Hathorne.
Samnel Gardiner, Sr. Israel Porter.
Samuel Gardiner, Sr.
Daoiel Parkmao.
Samnel Gardiner, Jr.
Samuel Gardiner.
John Corwin.
1678.
164
HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
Israel Porter. Samuel Browne.
Peter Osgood. Benjamin Putnam.
Jos. Orne.
Samuel Barnard.
Miles Ward. Thomas Barton.
17:0. Same.
Sanıl. West.
Ezekiel Marsh.
Jos, Putnam. John Lench.
John Gardner. 1741.
Israel Porter.
Jona. Putnam.
W'm. Pickering.
Jos. Orne, Jr.
Jos. Putnam.
Wmn. Hirst.
Timothy Lindull. Manasseh Marston,
Jolın Turner. 1697.
John Browue,
1718.
John Higginson.
Benj. Browne.
John Turner.
Wm. Bowditch.
1732.
Daniel Epes.
T. Proctor. Jolın Clarke.
Benj. Herbert. Jona Ropes, Jr.
Daniel Epes. 1709.
Benjamin Flint.
Thorndike Proctor.
Ichabod Plaisted.
Benj. Ives.
Miles Ward.
Daniel Epes.
John Higginson.
Peter Osgood,
John Gardiner.
Benjamin Putnam. Jona. Putnam. 1710.
Stephen Sewall. Samuel Gardiner.
Benjamin Gerrish.
Thos. Barton.
John Putnum. James Moulton. 1792. .
Wm. Bowditch.
Daniel Epes.
Jos. Willard.
Thos. Fuller.
Benjamin Flint.
Benjamin Gerrish. Thos. Barton.
1723.
Wm. Bowditch. Jacob Manning.
Daniel Epes.
John Preston.
Wm, Porter.
Jeremiah Hacker.
Samuel Fliut.
John Iligginson.
Benj. Osgood.
John Turner, Jr.
John Higginson. Gardner and Thomas
1736. Same with Sammel Leefor Mr. Pickman. Barton for Thomas 1747. Same with Jumnes
Barton. Jeffrey for Mr. Lee.
1737. Same with Joshua 1748.
Hicks and Samuel Nathl. Andrew.
Endicott for Orne Jona Gardner.
and Proctor.
James Jeffrey.
1771. Same.
Win, Hirst.
Samnel Gardiner.
John Higginson.
Walter Price. John Putnam. Jos. Herrick. Daniel Epes.
1703. Same. 1704.
Wm. Hirst.
Wm. Pickering.
Jos. Orne, Jr.
Thomas Flint.
Thorndike Proctor. Thomas Barton.
1727.
Same with Ichnbod
Plaisted for Mr.
Manning.
Daniel Epes.
Dr. Cubot.
John Leach,
Josoph Sprague
Samuel Gardiner.
Walter Price.
John Turner.
1716.
Thomas Flint.
1740.
Thomas Flint.
tor for Mr. Higginson.
John Hodges.
John Higginson. Win. Hirst. Stephen Sewall. Samuel Browne. Benjamin Gerrish. Josiah Wolcott. 1699.
Josialı Wolcott.
Philip English.
Daniel Andrew.
Edward Flint.
Jeremialı Neale. Joseph Putnam. Peter Osgood. 1700
Wmn. first.
Jos. Putnam.
John Browne.
James Lindall.
John Trask. 1712.
Josiah Wolcott,
Benjamin Lynde.
Wmn. Gedney.
Francis Willoughby.
Jos. Orne, Jr.
Thos. Barton.
1724.
Jacob Manning. Benjamin Flint.
Benjamin Gerrish.
Daniel Epes.
Thomas Fuller.
Jos. Orne, Jr. Thomas Barton.
1725. Same with Was. Bowditch for Mr. Gerrieh.
1726.
Joslma Hicks,
T. Proctor.
Snml. Garduer.
Warwick Palfray.
Suml. King.
Saml. ITolton.
Eben Work.
John Higginson.
John Browne.
Jolın Turner.
Jonu. Putnam.
Daniel Epes.
1705. Same.
1706.
Walter Price.
1728
Daniel Epes.
Capt. Pickman,
Abraham Watson.
1776.
Jos. Orno, Jr.
Cupt. Ives.
John Iligginson. T. Pickering, Jr.
John Gardner (3d).
Philip English.
James Moulton, Jos. Herrick.
Stephen Sewall.
Daniel Epes.
1707. Josiah Wolcott. Captain Gardiner. Captain Turner.
John Pickering. Jos Putnam. 1717.
1730. Same with John Higginson for Mr. Barton.
1731.
Thomas Barton.
Benjamin Flint.
John Gardner.
Ben. Ives.
John Leach.
1757. Same.
Samuel Gardiner.
Thos. Barton.
Sammuel King.
Daniol Marble.
1758. Saml. Gardner.
Benjamin Browne. John Higginson. W'm. Hirst.
Walter Price.
Benjamin Putnam.
James Moulton.
Daniel Epes.
Jos. Orne, Jr.
1742.
Samuel Gardiner. John Turner.
Benj. Gerrish. John Putnam.
Barton for J. Putnam. 1720. Same.
1721.
Wm. Bowditch.
Browne for Ichabod
Benj. Pickman.
Plaisted.
Daniel Epes.
Richard Derby. Joseph Blaney.
1766.
Jos. Blaney. John White, Jr.
Daniel Epes.
1744.
Benj. Pickman.
John Leach.
Thomas Flint.
Nathanl Andrew.
T. Proctor.
1767.
Jos. Blaney.
Benj. Pickman, Jr.
Jeremiah Hacker.
T. Proctor, Jr.
David Phippen,
Jos. Orne, Jr.
Daniel Epee.
1768.
Samuel Browne.
Samuel Gardiner. Daniel Andrew. Joseph Herrick. Daniel Epes. 1701.
Wm. Hirst.
Samuel Browne.
Jos. Patnam.
John Trask.
Walter Price. 1713.
Benjamin Lynde. Win. Gedney.
Francis Willoughby.
Peter Osgood.
Walter Price.
Abel Gardiner. Jos, Herrick. 1714.
Wm, Gedney. Peter Osgood.
Sanmel Gardiner.
W'm. Bowditch. Jacob Manning. Benjamin Flint.
W'm. Lynde.
Richard Elvires.
John Higginson,
1739.
John Higginson.
Sanmel Flint.
Samuel Barton.
John Preston.
Thorndiko Proctor.
Jos. Bowditch.
Johu Hodges.
Jona Gardner.
Eben Beckford.
Josiah Wolcott.
Walter Price.
Walter Price. .Jos, Herrick. 1715.
Stephen Sewall.
Captain Pickering. Jus. Orno. James Moulton.
Philip English. Jos, Putoam.
Ichabod Plaisted.
Eben. Moulton. Daniel Marble. T. Proctor.
175-4.
Joshua Ward. T. Proctor. Abraham Watson.
Timothy Orne. Nathl. Ropes. 1755. Same with John Nutting for Mr. Ward. 1756. Same with Ste- phen Iligginson for Mr. Nuttiog.
Stephen Sewall. Benjamin Putnam. Edward Hilliard Samuel Nurse.
Benjamin Browne,
Samuel Flint.
John Higginson. 1743.
1733. Same with Samuel Benj. Ives.
1734.
Thomas Barton.
Benj. Browne.
Jona. Putnam.
Benjamin Putnam.
Jos, Orne.
John Pickering. John Gardiner. 1711.
Josiah Wolcott. Walter Price.
Israel Andrew.
John Higginson.
1735.
Thomas Barton.
Benj. Pickman,
Daniel Epes.
Nathl. Andrews.
Jos. Blaney.
Jona Gardner, Jr.
Thorndike Proctor.
.James Putnam.
David Phippen.
Jacob Ashton.
Jona. Putnam. Jos. Herrick.
John Higginson.
Daniel Epes. Stephen Sewall. 1702.
1772, Same with Jolın Gardner for Mr. Derby
Daniel Epes.
T. Proctor.
John Proctor, Jr.
1773.
Samuel Flint.
Eben Work.
George Dodge.
Georgo Williams.
John Gardner. Henry Gardner. Tim. Pickering, Jr.
1774. Same with Wm. Pickmna, and Wil- linm Northey for Mr. Dodge.
1750. Same with Saml. 1775.
Flint for Mr. Holton. 1751.
Tim. Pickering, Jr. T. Proctor.
John Preston.
Samuel Barton,
1749.
E. II. Derby. George Dodge.
1770. Same with John Felt for Mr. Ashton.
1738.
James Putnam.
Jona Gardner, Jr.
Jeremiah Hacker.
Thorndike Proctor.
Samuel King.
Daniel Epes, Jr.
Ed, Kitchen.
Benj. Browne.
Stephen Putnam. John Higginsou.
1745.
Col. Bronne, Jos. Putnam.
1759. Same with Peter Fryo for Nathl. Ropes. (The records from 1760) to 1764 are missing.) 1765.
Saml. Curwen. Wm. Browne.
Richard Lee.
Jos. Willard.
Benjamin Flint.
Jos. Putuamı.
Nathl. Ropes. Benj. Goodhne.
W'm. Pickering.
Thomas Barton.
Captain Pickman.
Sanmel Gardiner.
Benjamin Pntnam.
John Pickering. Jos. Orne.
Jos. Putnanı.
James Moulton.
Ichabod Plaisted.
Samuel Ruck.
Thorndike Proctor.
Jacob Manning.
1719. Same with Thos.
John Preston,
Jos. Orne, Jr.
Ichabod Plaisted. Benj. Browne.
Thomas Fuller. John Cubot.
1746. Same with Jona 1769.
George Williams.
Saml. Barton, Jr.
Stephen Sewall.
Wm. Gedney.
John Higginson. Daniel Epes. 1708. Josinh Wolcott.
Win. Pickering.
Timothy Lindall. Benjamin Gerrish. smanel Gardiner. 1096. Stephen Sewall.
1753. Samme.
1752. Same with T. Proc-
Thomas Flint.
F. Willoughby.
Samuel Endicott.
165
SALEM.
Jona Peele, Jr.
E. H. Derby. 1794.
Joshua Ward. B. W. Crowninsbield. Thos M. Woodbridge. Joseph Ropes.
Perley Putnam.
Isaac Newhall. Holten J. Breed.
N. L. Rogers. Benj. Blanchard. 1834.
1828. Samo with Henry Jos. Cloutmao. Nathl. Frothingham.
King for Mr. Rogers. 1832. Same with Henry Nehemialı Brown.
1829. Same. Whipple for Mr. Fa-
1830. Same with Nathl. bens.
Frothingham for Mr. 1833. Rogers. Nathl. Frothingham. 1835. Same with John
1831. Benj. Fabens.
N. L. Rogers.
Joseph Beadle.
1778. Same with Wil-
liam Pickmnn for Mr. 1797. Same with Nathl. 1814. Same.
Ward.
Ropes for Mr. Sao- 1815.
derson. Samnel Ropes.
1779. Same. 1780.
Benj. Goodhue, Jr.
Miles Greenwood.
John Norris.
Peter Landen.
Benj. Ward.
1816.
John Butfinton. 1781.
Saml Ward.
Joseph Winn.
Saml. Flagg.
John Fisk.
1800. Same.
John Crowninshield.
1801. Same with Jacob
Henry Elkins.
Sanderson and John 1817.
Jooa. Ingersoll. Jerathmel Price.
1782.
Wm. West.
1802.
Moses Townsend.
John Appleton.
John Hathorne.
Francis Cabot, Jr.
Jona. Mason.
Benj. Ward, Jr.
Wm. Mansfield.
1783. Same with Wm.
Addison Richardson.
Wm. Fettyplace.
Gray for Mr. Waldo. 1803. Same with John
SamI. Endicott.
1784. Same with Saml.
Punchard for Mr. Mason.
Gideon Barstow.
Pierce for Mr. Cabot.
1785. Samc.
1786. Same. 1787.
John Appleton.
Joshua Ward.
John Hathorne.
Benj. Ward, Jr.
Addison Richardson. 1820. Same.
Moses Townsend.
1821. Same with James
John Fisk. 1788.
Nehemiah Buffiuton.
Silver for Mr. CrowD- inshield.
W'm. Gray, Jr. Edward Pulling.
Jona. Mason.
1822.
John Hathorne, Saml. Ward.
B. Ward, Jr.
Sammel Ropes.
Willard Peele.
Edward Norris. John Bnffintou. W'm. Northey. 1789.
Henry Prince. 1807.
Timothy Bryant. Abijah Northey.
1823.
Wm. Northey.
Moses Townsend.
Perley Putnam. Tim. Bryant.
Richard Ward.
Benj. Crowninshield.
Andrew Tucker.
Wm. Gray.
Benj. Ropes.
John Stone.
Saml. Ward.
1808.
John Hathorne.
1824
John Bnffinton.
Moses Townsend.
Perley Pntoam.
1790. Wm. Northey.
Benj. Ropes.
John Stone.
Joseph Sprague.
George S. Johonnot.
Andrew Tucker.
Geo. Crowninshield.
Joseph Ropes.
Nathl. Richardson. 1809.
John Hathorne.
Moses Townsend.
1825. Same with Joseph
1791. Edward Norris.
John Hathorne.
Samuel Ropes.
Nathl. Richardson.
Edward Allen.
Jona. Waldo.
Joseph Winn.
Nehemiah Buffinton. 1810.
1792. Same with Jos. Moses Townsend. Sprague for Mr. Bnf- Joseph Winn. fington. Jona. Neal, Jr.
Joseph Howard, John Foster.
1793. Eben Putoam.
Joshua Ward.
1827.
John Saunders, Jr.
Benj. Crowninshield.
1811.
Moses Townsend.
David Moore.
The meetings. of the town, in the early days of the colony, were held in the meeting-house of the First Parish. The church and the town were practically identical and the name meeting-house was derived from the fact that it was the general place of meeting, not alone on Sunday, but on all public occasions. This meeting-house stood near the southeasterly corner of Washington and Essex Streets, and was erected in 1634. About the year 1677, a building for town pur- poses was erected in the middle of School, now Wash- ington Street, near what is now Lynde Street, and facing south. The upper part was fitted for a court- house, and there the Court of Oyer and Terminer, organized by Governor Phipps, in 1692, for the trial of the witches, was held.
Essex County was established May 10, 1643, and on the 14th of November, 1644, Salem was made the shire of the county; but precisely where the courts were held previously to 1677, is not definitely known. It is probable, however, that the meeting-house was used as a court-house, as well as a town-house. A prison was erected in 1668, near the southwesterly end of the meeting-house, and this fact adds force to the suggestion that the meeting-house was used for a court-house.
In 1719, a second town and court-honse combined was erected on School, now Washington Street, near the soutberly end of the railroad tunnel. In this building the General Court met, October 31, 1728,- April 2, May 28 and June 25, 1729,-by order of Gov- ernor Burnet, because he believed that undue influ- ence was exerted in Boston against a grant for his salary.
On the 25th of May, 1774, the General Court was adjonrned by Governor Gage, to meet at Salem on the 7th of June; and again the Salem Town house be- came historic. The session lasted eleven days, during which the court protested against its removal from Boston, and on the 17th passed a resolve appointing James Bowdoin, Thomas Cushing, Samuel Adams, John Adams and Robert Treat Paine delegates to the Congress at Philadelphia, "to consult upon measures for the restoration of harmony between Great Britain and the Colonies." Upon this action, Governor Gage at once, on the same day, dissolved the court ; and so ended, in the old Town-house in Salem, which ought to be standing to-day, the last General Court in Mass- achusetts, under a Provincial Governor.
On Thursday, the first of September, writs were issued by the Governor for a new court, to meet at
Elen Beckford.
Joseph Sprague. Jacob Ashton.
Jona. Waldo.
Jacob Sanderson.
E. H. Derby.
1812
1777. Richard Ward
John Gardner (3d).
Edward Norris.
1795. Same.
Samuel Ropes. Abel Lawrenco. Philip Chase.
Eben Beckford.
Jacob Ashton.
Jona Peele, Jr.
1796. Same with Jona. Lambert for Mr. Der- by. 1813. Same.
Wm. Mansfield. Michael Webb.
Stone for Mr. Froth- ingham.
Hovey for Mr. Ropes. 1799. Jona. Waldo.
Abijah Northey. Benj. II. Hathorne.
Amos Hovey.
Moses Towosend.
Jona. Lambert.
Joseph Ropes.
Joshua Ward.
Gardoer for Messrs. Ward.
Wm. Mansfield. Michael Webb.
Joshua Ward.
John Buffinton.
Saml. Endicott. Joseph Ropes. 1818.
John Prince, Jr.
1804. Samo with Moses 1819.
Townsend for Mr.
Saml. Endicott. John Crowoinshield.
Punchard. 1805.
John Andrews.
John Howard. Perley Pntuam.
Wm. Gray.
Saml. Pierce.
1506.
John Hathorne.
Perley Pntuam. James Silver.
John Fisk.
James Cheever.
Joseph Ropes.
Howard for Mr. Proc- t:r.
1826.
Perley Pntnam. Andrew Tucker.
Benj. Fabens.
Andrew Tucker. Benj. Fabens.
Wm. Gray, Jr.
Joseph White.
John Hathorne.
George Hodges.
Jona. Waldo.
Wm. Proctor. Benj. Fabens.
Natul. Frothingham. David Pingree.
Samuel Holman. Perley Putnam. George Peabody.
Benj. Ward, Jr.
1798. Same with Amos Abel Lawrence.
Wm. Mansfield.
Jona Waklo.
165a
HISTORY OF ESSEX COUNTY, MASSACHUSETTS.
Salem on the 5th of October, but were recalled by proclamation. The Assembly met notwithstanding, and organized with John Hancock, Chairman, and Benjamin Lincoln, Clerk; and on the 7th of October voted "that the members aforesaid do now resolve themselves into a Provincial Congress, to be joined by such other persons as have been or shall be chosen for that purpose, to take into consideration the dan- gerous and alarming situation of public affairs in this province, and to consult and determine on such mea- snres as they shall judge will tend to promote the true interest of His Majesty and the peace, welfare and prosperity of the province."
After this action, the Congress adjourned to Con- cord, where it was more formally organized by the election of Mr. Hancock, President, and Mr. Lincoln, Secretary ; and after several sessions in Concord and Cambridge, finally dissolved. Thus the old Town- house again became memorable, and was not only the scene of the last act under the old dispensation, but the scene also of the first act under the new.
In 1785, another building was erected for the joint use of the town and county, in the middle of Wash- ington Street, nearly opposite the Tabernacle Church, and town meetings were there held until the erection, in 1816, of the Town House in Derby Square, which was used until the incorporation of the city in 1836,
The second prison was built in 1684, near the corner of Federal and St. Peter's Streets, and the present prison was built in 1813.
The lands within the territory of Salem were origi- nally held by the freemen of the town, and all grants were made by them. The historical sketch of Salem by Charles S. Osgood and H. M. Batchelder, pub- lished in 1879, says that,-
"With increasing population, this method of bolding the lands be- came unwieldy and cumbersome, and in 1713 the then owners of the common lauds under the province laws became organized into a quasi corporation with the title of Commoners. In 1713 the commoners granted all the highways and burying-places and common lands lying within the town bridge and block-houses to remain forever for the use of the town of Salem, and the Common was then dedicated forever as a training-field. In 1714 the commoners, at a meeting held at the meet- ing-house of the first parish in Salem, voted that Winter Island be wholly removed and granted for the use of the fishing rights to use the same to he let by the Selectmen of Salem ; and the same year the Neck lands were granted and reserved to the town of Salem for a pasture for milch cows and riding horses, the same to be fenced at the town's charge.
"In 1722-23, Feb. 26, the grand Committee of the commoners who had charge of affairs reported the whole number of rights to be 1132, and the number of acres held, 3733. Several distinct proprietaries were formed under an act of the colonial legislature ; and the commoners of the two lower parishes having 790 rights and 2500 acres of land lying between Spring Pond and Forest River, organized themselves into a corporation. This organization continued until 1855, when they were incorporated into the Great Pasture Company, and by that company the last of the common lands, about 400 acres in extent, are now held."
The training-field referred to in the above extract was at the time of its grant an uneven and spongy piece of ground, scarcely fit for the use to which it was dedicated until 1801, when Elias Hasket Derby, the colonel of the militia, raised about two thousand
five hundred dollars by subscription and put it in or- der. In 1802 it was named by the selectmen Wash- ington Square, and it is now enclosed by an iron fence, within which are two rows of trees, mostly elms.
In the early part of 1836 a determined effort was made to change the town government for that of a city. The population of the town, which, according to the census of 1830, was 13,886, had then probably reached 15,000. Its property valuation the year be- fore was $8,250,000, and the amount raised by taxa- tion for county and town expenses was $40,391.31. The amount of tonnage of vessels owned in the dis- trict, which included Beverly, was 34,906, consisting of 30 ships, 12 barks, 70 brigs, 124 schooners and 14 sloops. The expression of the town was that of a
city, except so far as its form of government was con- cerned. It had a police court, of which Elisha Mack was the judge, and Ezekiel Savage and Joseph G. Waters were the special justices. Its lawyers were Leverett Saltonstall, Benjamin Merrill. John Glen King, Larkin Thorndike, Solomon S. Whipple, Ebenezer Shillaber, Joseph G. Waters, Asahel Hun- tington, Stephen P. Webb, David Roberts, George Wheatland, Nathaniel J. Lord, Charles A. Andrews, Francis H. Silsbee, George H. Devereux, John S. Williams, Joseph H. Prince and Jonathan C. Per- kins. Its physicians were Oliver Hubbard, Joseph Torrey, Samuel Johnson, Abel L. Pierson, George Choate, John G. Treadwell, Edward A. Holyoke, Benjamin Cox, Elisha Quimby, Nathaniel Peabody Dentist, A. J. Bellows and Horatio Robinson.
It had seventeen churches and chapels, eight stock banks, with a combined capital of one million eight hundred and fifty thousand dollars, one savings bank, five stock insurance companies with a combined capital of eight hundred thousand dollars, one Mutual Fire In- surance Company, one Latin school, one English high school, seven English schools, one of which was for colored children, two girls' high schools, seven primary schools and forty-seven private schools. It had also among the libraries the Salem Atheneum with seven thousand five hundred volumes, the Essex and another circulating library with six thousand volumes, the Salem Mechanic Association's Library with seven hundred and fifty volumes, the Colman Circulating Library with five hundred volumes and the Essex Historical Society Library. In the fire department there were one receiving and eight suction engines, one hose company, one hook and ladder company and three sail carriages, and there were in the militia the Salem Light Infantry, the Mechanic Light In- fantry, the Salem Artillery, the Salem Independent Cadets and four companies of infantry of the line. The newspapers at that time were the Salem Gazette, issued semi-weekly, Tuesday and Friday, started in 1773; the Essex Register, semi-weekly, Monday and Thursday, established in 1800; the Salem Observer, weekly, Saturday, established in 1822; the Salem Mereury, weekly, Wednesday, established in 1831 ;
165b
SALEM.
the Commercial Advertiser, weekly, Wednesday, es- tablished in 1832; and the Landmark, semi-weekly, Wednesday and Saturday, established in 1834.
At that time railroad connections had not been made and the following facilities for travel were open to the people of Salem. The Salem and Boston Stage Company advertised that seats could be taken at the Lafayette Coffee House, Salem Hotel, at the office in Court Street, and at the office in West Place, and that three stages would leave at seven A. M, two at 73, one at eight, one at nine, one at ten, one at two P. M., one at 1} and one at four P. M., all returning the same day. On Sunday, one at four P. M.
Osborne's Line left the office on Essex Street, nearly opposite the market, daily, except Sunday, at seven A. M., returning in the afternoon.
The stages of the Great Eastern Line left the Cof- fee House for Boston at 10} A. M., 2} P. M., 33 P. M., and 4 and 6 P. M.
Besides this there were the Gloucester, and Beverly, and Manchester, and Marblehead, and Lynn stages.
At a town-meeting held on the 29th of January, 1836, " to act on the petition of George Peabody and others to ascertain the sense of the town in relation to the adoption of a city form of government and to take any measure in relation thereto." Leverett Sal- tonstall was chosen moderator. It was voted on mo- tion of Elias Hasket Derby "that a committee of three be chosen from each ward, who, together with the selectmen, shall be a committee to take the sub- ject into consideration and to report at an adjourn- ment of this meeting as to the expediency of adopt- ing a city form of government," and the following were chosen to serve on the committee :
Ward I. Thomas Farless. Ward 3. Jos S. Cabot. Wm. B. Pike.
Joseph G. Waters.
Joseph Hodges.
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