USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > Northfield > History of the town of Northfield, Massachusetts : for 150 years, with an account of the prior occupation of the territory by the Squakheags : and with family genealogies > Part 34
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July the 17th, our regiment failed to Ticonderoga ; and the 18th, I went back to the Point under command with 60 men. July 29th, Jofiah Gaylord died. Aug. 16tlı, Samuel Goodale died.
Ticonderoga Aug. 20th, George Robbins and Jona. Robbins returned to their duty from their defertion. Aug. 30th, Simon Leonard died. Sept. 10th, Stephen Rolph received a furlough for 15 days. Sept. 16th, Afa Barton was difcharged. Sept. 18th, Jeduthan Morfe died. Sept. 20th, Silas Town was difcharged."
The rest of the story of this campaign is told in the following pe- tition, dated May 27, 1778 :
" Whereas y' petitioner marched with a company under his command, in Col. Porter's regiment, March 6th, 1776, and after a very long and tedious marchi arrived at Quebeck about the laft of Apri! ; and in a fhort time after the army was obliged to retreat from Quebeck. In the retreat y" petitioner as well as the reft of the army paffed through a feries of unparalleled dangers., hardfhips and diftrefs, and arrived at Ticonderoga about the 17th of July, where with his company continued until November 18 : when he with thofe of his company
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who furvived and were able, marched for Albany ; and from thence, to New Jerfey, and joined Gen. Wafhington's army the beginning of December, where they continued till the laft of the month, when the time for which they were engaged expired. But at the requeft of the inhabitants they were defired by the General to ftay 15 days longer ; and they in compaffion to the people confented to remain that term of time; at the expiration of which they were difcharged. And your petitioner on his return homeward near Peekfkill, met with an unhappy fall upon the ice whereby one of his hips was greatly hurt, and the bone diflocated, which confined him there fome time, and occa- fioned very extreme pain, and much coft to get home ; and fince his re- turn he has been at confiderable charge in applying to furgeons for relief of his lamenefs by reason of faid fall ; but yet remains very much of a cripple, and fears he ever fhall.
Therefore y' petitioner moft humbly prays that y' Honors would confider his circumstances, and gracioufly grant unto him what you in your wifdom fhall judge reafonable and equitable for the damage he has fuftained in ferving his country, and in duty bound fhall ever pray
Y' Honors moft humble fervt THOMAS ALEXANDER "
Names of the men in Capt. A's company at Morristown Dec. 1776.
Capt. Thomas Alexander, Lieut .- - ,
Charles Carter, Levi Prutt,
Sergt. John Ball,
Joab Belding,
" Arad Sheldon,
Quartus Alexander,
Sergt. John Hendrick,
Reuben Sheldon,
Corp. Bartholomew Bartlett, George Wilfon,
Cephas Sheldon,
Lemuel Roberts,
John Dewey,
Jacob Town,
John Beaman, :
William Clark.
A considerable number of the men that enlisted in Capt. Alexan- der's company were from Bernardston and Warwick, and some from towns down the river.
In July, Capt. Samuel Merriman enlisted a company of 5 months men, for an expedition to Ticonderoga. The following are the Northfield names :
Capt. Samuel Merriman, Solomon Holton, Mofes Belding, Auguftus Belding,
Cephas Alexander, Thomas Stebbins,
Eldad Alexander, Mofes Smith,
John Farrar, James Hunt,
Cyrus Stebbins, Thomas Elgar, Dennis Stebbins,
Alpheus Morgan,
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War of the Revolution.
In Capt. Agrippa Wells's Co. of 3 month's men, muttered Sept. 1, are the following men from Northfield : Second Lieut. Miles Alexander, Nathan Hol- ton, Samuel Frizzell.
Li't of 2 months men deftined for Horfe Neck or White Plains, enlifted at Northfield September 1776: Elihu Root, Reuben Field, Nathan Field, Natha - niel Billings, Stephen Billings, Afa Stratton, Jonathan Janes, Edward L. Tiffany, Elijah Stratton, Noah Morgan, Jona. Loveland, Levi Field, Ithamar Good - enough.
Names of men enlifted at Northfield in December 1776, to go to Danbury :
Nathan Prindle, Titus Dickinfon, David Smith, Jofeph Rofe, Mofes Smith, Samuel Slarrow, - Baldwin, Samuel Temple, Ifhmael Turner, John Stearns, - Sikes, William King, Ezra King, Simeon King. -
Mr. Aaron Whitney was the leading merchant in town, and the town's stock of ammunition was kept at his store. Early in July some suspicion arose (which proved to be without foundation) that he was tinctured with toryism ; and on the 9th, a warrant was issued for a town meeting the next day ; at which it was voted "to remove the town's stock of ammunition from Mr. Whitney's store to some other place." Voted, that the ammunition shall be kept at three several places in three different parts of the town, until further orders. Capt. King and Gad Corse were appointed a committee to receive money to procure arms and ammunition, of all those persons in the town that will contribute money to purchase the same.
Nov. 7. " Resolved. That it is the mind and will of the inhabitants of the town of Northfield, and do consent that the present house of representatives of this state of Massachusetts Bay in New England, together with the Council, if they consent in one body with the house, should agree on and enact such a constitution and form of government for this State, as the said House and Council shall judge most condu- cive to the safety, peace and happiness of the state."
1777. The committee of correspondence and safety this year, were, Dea. Samuel Smith, Dea. Samuel Root, Lieut. Simeon Alex- ander, Capt. Samuel Merriman and Lieut. Ebenezer Janes.
PEST HOUSE .- The town voted " to build a house 16× 30 feet and 7 feet stud, to receive persons infected with the small pox ; said house to be fixed where the selectmen shall determine." It was located near Strobridge hill.
Northfield sent her full quota of men to the service of the war this year.
Thomas Elgar enlisted in Capt. Leonard's company, Col. Shep-
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History of Northfield.
herd's regiment May I, and continued in said company till Dec. 31, 1779.
There were in service at Ticonderoga, Lieut. James Lyman, Samuel Field, Thaddeus Brooks, Benjamin Dike, Nathaniel Billings, Benoni Dickinson, Moses Burt, Archibald Clandanel, Ebenezer Field.
Among the 3 months men, were Asahel Stebbins, John Mun, J. Church, Joseph Smead.
Col. Phinehas Wright was in command of a regiment out in the campaign which resulted in the surrender of Burgoyne.
" Moses Dickinson Field was at the battle of Bennington August 16, and served at Lieut. The company was held in reserve till· near the close of the action. On the march to the front, a horse and wagon, filled and surrounded with British officers, apparently in con- sultation, was seen at some distance off in the road. As the horse in color answered to the one described the day before as belonging to Col. Baum, Lieut. Field, who was noted as an excellent marksman at long range, managed by the cover of a large oak tree, to get within shooting distance of the officers. His gun would prime itself, and he fired several shots in rapid succession, till the barrel became heated, when he hurried on to overtake his company. On the return of the men to their camp, after the battle, Lieut. Field went to the spot where the wagon had stood, and found the ground 'as bloody as if you had been butchering hogs ; ' and learned that Col. Baum lay in a block-house near by, mortally wounded. The wagon, which was left at the place, contained a large military chest. He felt confident, as he has repeatedly told the writer, that one of his shots inflicted the wound of which the British commander died.
" Moses Field (father of the Lieut. above named) was at work in Bennett's meadow, with three of his younger boys, on the day of the Bennington fight. They distinctly heard the report of the guns, and knew that a battle was in progress. After listening awhile, the father remarked : ' I know that there is a battle going on, and I have got a boy in it : I can't work ; I must go home.' The next day came the news of the victory, and his son's safety." Letter of Dea. Phinehas Field.
Mufter-roll of Capt. Peter Proctor's Company, Lieut. Col. Williams's Regiment, that marched to reinforce the Northern Army, July 10- Aug. 12, 1777.
Capt. Peter Proctor, Sergt. Simeon Lyman, John Whitney,
Lieut. Eben' Janes, Daniel Whitney, Alex" Wheelock,
" Hophni King,
Stephen Gould,
Aaron Robbins,
Sergt. Benj. Mayo,
Edw. L. Tiffany,
Arch. Burnet,
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War of the Revolution.
Benj. Quincy,
Levi Field,
Tim. Wheelock,
Eliphaz Wright,
Mofes Smith,
John Field,
Ebenezer Petty,
Mofes Root,
Eben" Atwood,
Jona. Moore,
Medad Alexander,
Abner Sherman,
Jonathan Gale,
Nathan Wooley,
Benj. Towel,
John Mallard,
Nathan Holton,
Charles Woods,
John Bucknam,
Oliver Smith,
David Bucknam,
Jonathan Davis, Jonas Leonard,
Seth Mun,
Oliver Wright,
Simeon Stearns,
Simeon Alexander,
James Kelton,
Samuel Todd,
Samuel How,
James Fitch,
Stephen Billings,
Thomas Kelton.
John Ramfdell,
Solomon Holton,
Mufter-Roll of Capt. Samuel Merriman's Company in Col. Phinebas Wright's Regiment, Expedition to Northern Department in Refponfe to the Call of Gen. Gates, Sept. 22 - Oct. 18, 1777. (Northfield men.)
Capt. Samuel Merriman, Elias Bafcom,
Elifha Holton,
Lieut. Eldad Wright,
Alpheus Brooks,
Afa Stratton,
Sergt. Seth Lyman, Ebenezer Petty,
Prince T'racey, 1
' Oliver Watrifs, Thaddeus Brooks, Henry Allen,
George Field, Simeon Alexander,
Noah Morgan,
Corp Nath1 Billings, Jonathan Janes,
Elijah Stratton,
" James Lyman, Elijah Taylor,
Eliphaz Wright.
" John Holton, John Evens,
" Eldad Alexander, Nathan Fifk,
This company took part in the battle of Oct. 7, and was present at the surrender of Burgoyne, Oct. 17.
Several of Burgoyne's men came to Northfield, and became per- manent residents. Among them were John Woodard, Robert Timson and Dennis McCarty. William Dorrel (who eventually set- tled in Leyden, Mass., and became the founder of a fanatical sect known as Dorrelites) was taxed in Northfield 1784. John Wotton embarked with Burgoyne's army, but the ship was taken by one of our cruisers ; and on landing he enlisted in the American army, and was at the surrender of his old commander. He settled in this town.
1778. Committee of safety : Dea. Samuel Smith, Dea. Samuel Root, Lieut. Simeon Alexander, Hezekiah Stratton, Zebediah Steb- bins. The town chose Hezekiah Stratton, Ebenezer Severance and Lemuel Holton a. committee "to enquire into the circumstances of families whose husbands are gone into the continental service, and
' From Lebanon, Conn., a grantee of Hartford, Vt.
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History of Northfield.
provide them with meat and grain at the price such articles sold for when they severally enlisted in the service."
April, 1778. On the question of adopting the state constitution formed in February last, the town voted ayes 27, noes 16.
May 7. Voted to raise £120 lawful money as a bounty for 4 men to serve 8 months in the continental army.
At the same meeting Lieut. Ebenezer Janes was elected represent- ative to the General Court to be holden at Boston, May 27th instant.
George Robbins, Solomon Alexander, .Matthew Ransom, John Dennis and Ebenezer Petty enlisted in the army this year and were paid $100 each by the town.
1779. Committee of correspondence : Lucius Doolittle, Capt. Thomas Alexander and Hezekiah Stratton.
Capt. Thomas Alexander was chosen representative to the Gene- ral Court, and also a delegate to the convention for forming a state . constitution.
June 23, the town voted that a bounty of £120 be paid to each effective man that shall enlist into the continental service for the pre- sent war.
July 12, the town paid a bounty of £30 each to 2 men to serve in the army six months,. £60
Paid rations and travel 100 miles,. 40
Oct. 19. Paid, as above, to 7 men ordered by the General Court, 210
Paid rations, etc. 120 miles, 96
List of 9 months men for service at West Point : Eldad Wright, Jona. Belding, Darius Stebbins, Oliver Garey.
List of one month men enlisted in July for services at New Lon- don : Capt. Elihu Lyman, Moses Root, Joseph Smead, Joshua Lyman, Eliphalet Stratton, Sylvanus Watriss, Daniel Ransom, J. Church, Phinehas Field, Obadiah Janes, Levi Merriman, Alpheus Brooks.
List of men enlisted in October for service at Claverack, Oct. 15 to Nov. 21, in Col. Israel Chapin's regiment : Capt. Samuel Merri- man, Eliphaz Alexander, Thomas Alexander, Francis Burk, Levi Field, Asa Field, Elijah Field, Jonas Holton, Ebenezer Petty, John Dickinson, Francis Akeley.
Sept. 6, the town chose Ebenezer Severance a delegate to meet in convention with other delegates from the several towns in the county of Hampshire, to be holden at Northampton on the second Wednes-
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War of the Revolution.
day of Sept. instant, to agree upon a uniformity of prices of the seve- ral articles in the county.
1780. NOXIOUS ANIMALS .- Beasts of prey had multiplied so rapidly, that at the session of the legislature in March, the following petition (signed by members) was presented : " The Petition of the subscribers shows : That the inhabitants of the western counties are greatly distressed by reason of the destruction of the sheep and neat cattle by wolves, catamounts and wild cats, which are numerous in some parts of said counties, and are grown very bold and ravenous. They therefore pray that a bounty may be offered for their destruction. Signed, Thomas Alexander, John Muzzey, Benj. Bonney, Noadiah Leonard, Moses Harvey, Jona. Nash, William Paige, Hugh Mc- Clellan.
The petitioners were allowed to bring in a bill.
At the annual town meeting, Seth Lyman, Ebenezer Severance and Eliphaz Wright were chosen committee of correspondence.
Voted, that the £120 granted by the General Court be paid to Jona. Belding, for his son's going into the continental service for 9 months. Voted, that the £360 granted by the General Court be paid to the 3 men that listed for 9 months, to pay them in part for their services.
May 2. The new state constitution having been received, a town meeting was called, and Mr. Samuel Todd, Seth Field Esq., Col. Phinehas Wright, Dr. Samuel Mattoon, and Capt. Elisha Hunt were appointed a committee to receive and peruse the proposed constitution and form of government, and make such observations and objections to any article as they may think proper and report the same to the town. The committee reported at an adjourned meeting May 22. Their objections were as follows, viz. chap. II, sect. I. Relative to the Qualifications of civil officers : we are of opinion that all civil officers in the state should, previous to their entering upon the duties of their office declare themselves to be of the Christian Protestant Religion. Reason first, It appears to us that the safety of the state calls for the exclusion of all Roman Catholics from holding any civil office therein : Second, we are of opinion that the adjuration oath provided in the constitution is not sufficient to exclude all such. Further it is objected that whereas it is implied that there shall be but one Register of deeds in each County, we are of opinion that every corporate town have a right to and ought to have a Register of deeds. Hence to have but one Register in a County is greatly to the disad- vantage of the public, and it increases the travel and cost of the sub- ject ; neither is it so safe : moreover we view it repugnant to the
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History of Northfield.
seventh article of the Bill of Rights which declares that government is instituted for the common good, and not for the profit, honor and private interest of any man or family, or class of men."
After hearing the paper read, the town voted on the different parts of the constitution, accepting some and rejecting others : the chapter on qualification of voters was accepted, 37 to 7 ; chapter 6, article 3, on the property Qualification was accepted, 43 to I. The vote on accepting the proposed constitution as a whole stood 2 ayes, 42 noes.
June. The town voted to hire the 12 men required as the town's quota in the present expedition, and hire money to pay the same. Un- der this vote the following men enlisted to serve for 6 months at West Point, out July 4 to Dec. 17 : Moses Robbins, Alpheus Brooks, Thaddeus Brooks, Daniel Warren, John Watriss, John Moffatt, Joseph Myrick, Seth Mun, Gideon Putnam, Alpheus Morgan, Wil- liam Vorce (wagoner), Archibald Clandanel.
Under the call for 3 months men, the following drafted or enlisted men went from Northfield in Capt. Seth Pierce's Co. Col. S. Mur- ray's regiment, and were in service at Claverack and West Point from July 4, to Oct. 12 ;
Lieut. James Lyman,
Jonathan Belding, aged 19,
Eliphaz Alexander, " 16,
Tertius Lyman 18,
Benj. Doolittle, " 16,
Eliphalet Stratton, 20,
Moses Dickinfon. .
Phinehas Field, 19,
Seth Field, aged 18,
Eldad Wright, " 18,
Barzillai Woods, " 26,
Jofhua Lyman, = 19,
James Scott,
Phinehas Field was fifer to the company, and went as substitute for his brother who was drafted. The company was at West Point in September at the time of Arnold's treachery. On their return from the campaign, the men halted under the old Meeting Oak, when young Field struck up a joyous tune on his pewter fife. This was the first intimation the villagers had of their arrival ; and his mother, who lived where F. Stockbridge now does, instantly recognized the familiar tone of the fife, and cried out " Phinny has got home safe !"
The town this year voted, That the price of labor on the highways be 36 dollars (continental currency) per day for man and the same for team of four cattle, from April I, to Oct. 20 ; and 24 dollars per day from Oct. 20 to April 1. Voted, To pay Mr. Hubbard's salary at the exchange of 72 for I.
Voted, That the rate called the soldier's rate be made and paid in grain, as follows : wheat at 5 shillings per bushel, rye at 3 shillings, and corn at 2s. 6d.
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War of the Revolution.
Sept. 4, 1780. At the election held this day, under the new state constitution, the votes cast were as follows : For governor, John Hancock, 27, James Bowdoin, 3 : for lieut. governor, James War- ren, 28, James Bowdoin, 1.
Lieut. Ebenezer Janes was chosen representative to the General Court.
Oct. 20. Levy of Beef. The town voted, that the assessors lay an assessment on the inhabitants of Northfield for 3650 lbs. of beef, in accordance with the order of the General Court, and in money ade- quate to the value of said beef. Voted, that in lieu of the beef (if not paid by each person that is assessed) they be assessed and pay at the rate of 120 continental dollars per hundred, or 3 pounds New Emission Bills per hundred, and in like proportion for a greater or less quantity. Capt. Elisha Hunt, Eben' Field Jr., and Seth Ly- man committee to purchase the beef.
Dec. 26. Voted, that the requisition for 10 men made by the Gene- ral Court for the continental service, shall be hired by the town at large. Voted, that the committee be authorized to borrow 1000 Spanish dollars to pay for said men.
1781. Committee of correspondence, Seth Lyman, Oliver Smith, Elisha Alexander.
Voted, to assess a tax of £300 lawful money, to be paid one-half in silver and one-half in continental Bills at the current exchange, i. e. one Spanish dollar for 75 continental dollars.
July. Voted, to hire 8 men to join the continental army for 3 months, agreeably to the requisition of the General Court June 30, 1781. Voted, to borrow the money to pay the recruits. The bounty paid each man was £12. The list is as follows : Tertius Lyman, Donaldus Wright, Moses Robbins, Nathaniel Collar, Reuben Whit- comb, William Larkin, Abraham Parker, Jona. Parker.
The surrender of Cornwallis Oct. 19, virtually closed the war.
Richard Kingsbury, Alexander Best' and William Brown were hired by the town to serve in the continental army ; but the date of their enlistment is not known.
I Alexander Best received in settlement two notes, signed in behalf of the town by Elisha Hunt, James Lyman and Oliver Watriss.
A
CHAPTER XII.
Abridged Annals, 1780-1830.
THE PEOPLE IMPOVERISHED - EQUAL RIGHTS - CONVENTIONS - VALUATION - SCHOOL DISTRICTS - CEMETERIES - FERRIES- SIXTH DIVISION OF COM- MONS - OLIVE MOFFATT - DISTILLERIES - REV. JOHN HUBBARD - NORTH- FIELD LAND SET OFF TO GILL - REV. S. C. ALLEN - POST OFFICE - AQUEDUCT - SALE OF HIGHWAYS - OIL-MILL - REV. THOMAS MASON - TURNPIKE - CHORISTERS - SLAVES - CARRIAGES - JOHN BARRETT - SOLO- MON VOSE - JOHN NEVERS - ORGAN - METHODIST CHURCH - BRIDGE - ARTILLERY CO .- WAR OF 1812 -SOCIAL LIBRARY - BROOM CORN - HOPS - HIGH SCHOOL -THE SECOND CHURCH - UNITARIAN SOCIETY - BAPTIST CHURCH-NORTHFIELD ACADEMY - THIRD MEETING-HOUSE - PARISH FUND - LIST OF PASTORS - PHYSICIANS - LAWYERS - REPRESENTA- TIVES - SENATORS - TOWN OFFICERS - MISCELLANY - SOLDIERS IN THE WAR OF 1861-5. APPENDIX.
The successful ending of the war brought with it perils which tried the patriotism, and courage and wisdom of our people, as sorely as the strife of arms. The responsibilities of freedom were new. The attempt to build up a commonwealth on the principle of equal rights to all, was attended with difficulties of the gravest and most complicated character. The maxim of war, that the most direct way to gain an end is the best way, is hazardous in times of peace, and especially hazardous at a time when all the elements of society are in a disturbed and feverish condition.
The war left every body in debt. States, towns and individuals had strained their credit to the utmost, and the resources of all were ex- hausted. Taxes were heavy and pressing. The soldiers held town notes, and the traders held the soldiers' notes, and all were clamorous for settlement. Silver money had nearly disappeared ; and the circu- lating medium of continental bills had depreciated, so that in some cases the exchange was 240 for I.
The two necessities which pressed heaviest were, the payment of debts; and the adoption of a financial system that should have an as- sured basis ; and secure equality of values. Real estate was unsalable. Personal property could not be exchanged for money ; and hence en- forced settlements by law, to which many resorted, did not cancel obligations, and brought the courts into contempt. The "Tender act " of 1782, which made neat cattle and other articles a legal tender,
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Abridged Annals.
rather increased the evil it was intended to cure. By its expost facto operation, and its suspension of existing lawsuits, it complicated all questions of debt and credit.
The slowness of the legislature to act, owing to differences of opinion in regard to the true remedy, and the partial failure of the first devised measures of relief, wrought a spirit of distrust against the go- vernment, and turned the minds of the people to undertake the cor- rection of their own grievances. The singular spectacle presented itself in most of our towns, of the freemen standing aloof from the annual elections. With 120 legal voters, the number of votes cast for governor in Northfield in 1780, was 30; in 1782, 10; in '84, 20 ; in '85, 22. And it is believed that this town was not an excep- tional case.
At the opening of the Revolution, the people had appointed central and local Committees of Safety and Correspondence. This was found to be a wise expedient, as a means of concentrating opinions and coun- sels, and a medium of efficient action. And conventions of these committees were a potent way of securing concert of plans. They became a power in civil and political affairs, whose authority in local matters was sometimes greater than that of the legislature, and whose action was recognized as binding by the courts.
The success of the earlier conventions of these committees of safety, indicated the most direct way of carrying out schemes for opposing, as well as supporting, the constituted authorities. Conven- tions " to consult upon the subject of grievances "- a word quick to catch the popular sympathy - began to be held in Hampshire county as early as 1781. They were made up of delegates chosen by the legal voters of the several towns ; and thus had a semi-official char- acter. For a time these delegates were men of the highest respecta- bility and influence ; and the meetings were moderate in their counsels while firm in the determination to secure what they held to be their just rights. But prudence and wisdom were not always in the as- cendant. These delegate conventions degenerated ; and irregular conventions were held, which became the instruments of faction and mob rule, and culminated in the Shays rebellion.
The extracts from the town records which follow, will show the part taken by Northfield in the various measures to adjust conflicting interests, and remedy evils ; how the people went to work with a will, to promote education and material prosperity, and to guard dearly purchased civil and political rights.
1780. The action of the town in reviewing the proposed state .
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History of Northfield.
constitution, and the almost unanimous vote against its adoption, were noticed in the last chapter. A like spirit of independence, and determination that the will of the people should be law, was evinced in the matter of choosing men to represent the town in the legislature and in conventions. In 1782 Aaron Whitney was elected repre- sentative to the General Court ; and at the same meeting the town chose Seth Field Esq., Col. P. Wright, Hezekiah Stratton, Dr. Mattoon, Capt. E. Hunt, Dea. Root, Eben' Severance, Lieut. Janes, Capt. Elihu Lyman and Lieut. James Lyman, a committee " to give instructions to their representative in those things which may be agitated and acted upon by the General Court." The same thing was repeated in succeeding years. In 1786, Capt. Elisha Hunt was appointed a delegate to a convention at Hatfield ; and a com- mittee of five was chosen to give instructions to said delegate. The town also took action in selecting candidates for the office of Justice of the Peace under the new constitution, as the following vote will show : Voted, to recommend Lieut. Ebenezer Janes to the governor as a meet person for Justice of the Peace, and chose Lemuel Holton, Oliver Smith and Capt. Seth Lyman a committee to petition the governor for the aforesaid purpose. Similar town action was' subse- quently taken in recommending Medad Alexander and Obadiah Dickinson for the same office.
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