USA > Massachusetts > Franklin County > Leyden > Town annual reports of officers and committees of the town of Leyden, Massachusetts for the year ending 1954 > Part 5
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481 00
H. F. Davis Tractor Co.
850 00
Northfield Washed Sand and Gravel Co.
131 75
Lake Asphalt and Petroleum Co.
27 60
Maurice Thompson, compressor
82 84
New England Metal Culvert Co.
442 03
Leyden Machinery Fund
1482 65
$7999 93
11
HIGHWAY CHAPTER 90 MAINTENANCE
Appropriation
State
$ 500 00
County
500 00
Town
500 00
Transferred from reserve fund
3 35
$1503 35
Arthur Howes, supt.
$ 42 00
William Croutworst
47 40
John Wells
48 60
Ernest Brooks
32 40
P. Heist
14 63
E. Stafford
11 48
Arthur Chapin
8 00
Robert Croutworst
16 00
Leyden Machinery Fund
142 75
Independent Coal Tar Co.
815 09
Northfield Washed Sand and Gravel Co.
303 75
Town of Charlemont
21 25
$1503 35
SPECIAL HIGHWAY
Appropriation Transferred from reserve fund
$200 00
61 80
$261 80
5
Arthur Howes William Croutworst John Wells Austin Dobias, Jr.
Ernest Brooks W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc.
$ 42 00
21 00
39 60
10 20
24 00
125 00
/016
BRIDGES
Appropriation
$300 00
Transferred from reserve fund
25 93
$325 93
Arthur Howes
$ 31 50
William Croutworst
31 80
John Wells
24 00
Ernest Brooks
35 40
Austin Dobias, Sr.
184 96
William Caron
18 27
$325 93
RAILING
Appropriation
$200 00
Arthur Howes
$22 50 €
William Croutworst
28 20
John Wells
8 40
Ernest Brooks
20 90
Wilhelm Glabach
16 20
16
SNOW REMOVAL
Appropriation
$2400 00
Transferred from reserve fund
37 74
$2437 74
John Wells Wilhelm Glabach
$571 82
282 46
Ernest Brooks
262 35
$261 80
p16
$ 96 20
6
Philip Zimmerman Henry Glabach Austin Dobias, Jr.
121 00
119 25
81 68
Thomas List
36 85
Clayton Brooks
29 30
Philip Koshinsky
13 20
Edward Snow
11 00
Arthur Howes
10 50
William Croutworst
6 60
Norman Barton
5 50
Wayne Fisher
2 48
C. P. Zimmerman
88 00
W. N. Potter Grain Stores, Inc.
390 00
Mackin Sand and Concrete Co.
299 50
Northfield Washed Sand and Gravel Co.
97 85
Raymond Noyes
8 40
$2437 74
MACHINERY ACCOUNT
Appropriation
$2000 00
Appropriated from machinery fund
3000 00
Transferred from reserve fund
92 16
$5092 16
Henry Glabach
$2993 94
Douglas Barton
608 57
H. B. Allen, Inc.
333 01
H. F. Davis Tractor Co.
224 44
George V. Corsiglia, Inc.
172 44
Frank Hance
140 49
Art's Tire Service
277 50
Stimson and Son, Inc.
164 30
Perkins-Milton Machinery Co.
45 61
Brattleboro Tractor Sales
24 56
Eastern Equipment Sales
23 66
Nap's Texaco Service Station
12 27
Krohne's Auto Service
15 00
Bernardston Auto Exchange
2 98
Clark Hardware Co.
8 80
Western Auto
8 79
H. V. Campbell
20 00
Edgar Collis
5 00
Arthur Howes
6 00
Ernest Brooks
4 80
$5092 16
P 1
816 OX
7
WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION
Appropriation Expended
$25 00 0 00
PRINTING
Appropriation
$250 00
Enterprise and Journal E. A. Hall and Co.
$194 47 23 31
$217 78
P.22
NEW TRUCK
Appropriation from free cash
$ 600 00
Appropriation from machinery fund
1200 00
Borrowed
3000 00
$4800 00
H. B. Allen, Inc.
$4800 00
$4800 00
FIRE INSURANCE
Appropriation
$450 00
Stimson and Son, Inc.
$363 48
$363 48
NOTES AND INTEREST
$2600 00
Appropriation Appropriation from machinery fund
1395 00
$3995 00
Franklin County Trust Co.
School notes
$2000 00 ×
Truck note
1395 00
X
Interest on school notes
480 00 X-
Interest on truck notes
43 95 ×
Interest. on temporary note
40 00 ×
Director of Accounts, certifying notes
6 00
X
xp 16
022
026
24
$3964 95
8
LIBRARY
Appropriation Balance January 1, 1956 Transferred from reserve fund
1
$200 00
28 58
49
$229 07
Edith M. Howes
$ 74 07 ×
Pois
X
1
MEMORIAL DAY
Appropriation
$30 00
F. H. Brown Co.
$11 25
Rosscraft Flowers
1 50
$12 75
BEAVER MEADOW CEMETERY
Appropriation
$100 00
Austin Dobias, Sr.
$100 00
$100 00
02
EAST HILL CEMETERY
Appropriation
$50 00
Louis J. Black
$50 00
*
BOARD OF HEALTH
Appropriation
$150 00
p-
Dr. Paul Koehler
$110 00 ---
Franklin County Hospital
10 36
Catherine Barker
2 00
$122 36
9
139 2:03
Western Mass. Electric Co. E. W. Cromack Co. H. V. Campbell
10 00
125 00X
20 00 ×
$229 07
1
$50 00
INSPECTION OF BARNS AND ANIMALS
Appropriation
$50 00
Charles Glabach
$50 00
$50 00
-
INSPECTION OF SLAUGHTERING
Appropriation
$100 00
Ernest D. Brooks
$100 00
$100 00
FIRE WARDEN
Appropriation
$100 00
2
Henry Glabach
$34 09
$ 34 09
TREE WARDEN
Appropriation
$100 00
Appropriation Dutch Elm Disease
75 00
$175 00
Cornelius Kennedy
$67 50
Hildege Beaudoin
23 00
Gerald Kennedy
31 00
Arthur Beaudoin
10 00
Clark Hardware Co.
9 90
Henry Glabach
3 50
$144 90 X 70
GYPSY MOTH
Appropriation
$150 00
Austin Dobias
$40 00
Raymond Glabach
24 00
William Glabach
16 00
Henry Farnum
28 00
Robert Croutworst
25 00
$133 00
20.1/4
4
10
CIVILIAN DEFENSE
Balance January 1, 1956
$146 26
Expended
0 00
MISCELLANEOUS ACCOUNT
Appropriation
$650 00
Hobbs and Warren, Inc.
- $101 59 X
Western Mass. Electric Co.
-19 93 X
Stimson and Son, Inc., bonds
58 50×
Barrett and Baker
- 29 95X
-p.17
Franklin Registry of Deeds
-10 00X
Spencer C. Howes, sealer of weights
25 00X
Henry Glabach
107 00 X
Franklin County Trust Co.
13 15×
Recorder Publishing Co.
.8 34X
Franklin County Selectmen's Assoc.
6 00 X-
Mass. Selectmen's Assoc.
10 00×
Mass. Assessors' Assoc.
a 9 00 × -
Mass. Collectors' and Treasurers' Assoc.
4 00 X
C. W. Hawkes Co., bond
.5 00 ×
Clark Hardware Co.
-4 40
Registry of Motor Vehicles
= 18 00 x
C. P. Zimmerman
4 00
×
Raymond Glabach
-13 13
William Glabach
4 88X
George Howes, postage
15 88X
Thomas List, telephone
H. V. Campbell, wood and postage
Georganna Kennedy, election officer
6 00
Edith Snow, election officer
3 00X
Charlotte Howes, election officer
12 75 X
Rose Koshinsky, election officer
12 75X
2010
Doris Glabach, election officer
9 75Y
Gertrude Bolton, election officer
6 75X
$580 91
WELFARE
Appropriation
$200 00
Expended as per book account
$187 25
12 :
P.
40 2
16
4 92 X 57 24 X -30 forward 01/
7.24 PM
10.16
11
AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN
Appropriation
$300 00
Expended as per book account
$300 00
U. S. GRANT AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN
Balance January 1, 1956 Received 1956
$934 15 782 00
$1716 15
Expended as per book account
Balance December 31, 1956
$1369 90 346 25
$1716 15
OLD AGE ASSISTANCE
Appropriation Refund
$6500 00 28 25
$6528 25
Expended as per book account
$6526 00
U. S. GRANT OLD AGE ASSISTANCE
Balance January 1, 1956 Received 1956
Credited in 1956
$ 500 48 2977 66 1412 87
$4891 01
Expended as per book account
$4866 06 X
Balance December 31, 1956
24 95
$4891 01
DISABILITY ASSISTANCE
Appropriation
$750 00
Expended as per book account
$305 44
@/6 16
0/9
12
U. S. GRANT DISABILITY ASSISTANCE
Received 1956
$210 00
-
Expended as per book account
$ 97 50
Balance December 31, 1956
112 50
$210 00
U. S. GRANT OLD AGE ASSISTANCE ADMINISTRATION
Balance January 1. 1956 Received 1956
$17 87
21 15
$39 02
Northern Franklin Welfare District
$17 87
Balance December 31 1956
21 15
$39 02
U. S. GRANT AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN ADMINISTRATION
Balance January 1, 1956
$4 24
Received 1956
1 93
$6 17
Northern Franklin Welfare District
$4 24 ×
Balance December 31, 1956
1 93
$6 17
ADMINISTRATION OF WELFARE DISTRICT
Appropriation
$350 00
Northern Franklin Welfare District
$271 26
C. P. Zimmerman
8 33
Thomas E. List
41 67
$321 26.
RESERVE FUND
Appropriation
$450 00
Transferred to Chapter 81 $ 79
Transferred to Chapter 90M
3 35
13
Transferred to Special Highway Transferred to Bridges Transferred to Snow Removal Transferred to Machinery Account Library
61 80
3
25 93
37 74
92 16
49
$222 26
ALL OTHER
Treasurer of Franklin County
County tax
$1768 94×
Dog licenses
147 40 X
Commonwealth of Mass. State Parks
-77 12 ×
-
State audit
620 04X
Director of Internal Revenue
1871 68 2
Malcolm Bailey, tax refund
72 00~
Harold Wilder, tax refund
62 40
Franklin County Trust Co., temporary loan
5000 00 x
$9619 58
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS E. LIST ARTHUR J. DOBIAS RAY ROBERTSON
Selectmen of Leyden
Audited January 30, 1957
HANNAH E. ORR
028 28
1020
28 26
030
14
SELECTMEN'S RECOMMENDATIONS FOR 1957
Town Officers
$ 1535 00
Aid to Dependent Children
600 00
Welfare
750 00
Old Age Assistance
5000 00
Snow Removal
500 00
Bridges
300 00
Railing
200 00
Highway Chapter 81
600 00
Highway Chapter 90C
3000 00
Highway Chapter 90M
500 00
Special Highway
200 00
Gypsy Moth
100 00
Memorial Day
30 00
Dutch Elm Disease
130 00
Board of Health
50 00
Library
100 00
Inspection of Slaughtering
100 00
Inspection of Barns and Animals
50 00
Fire Insurance
450 00
Tree Warden
100 00
Fire Warden
100 00
Miscellaneous Account
600 00
Notes and Interest
4100 00
Printing
250 00
Machinery Account
4700 00
Schools
23500 00
$47545 00
1956 CHAPTER 81 EXPENDITURES IN THE TOWN OF LEYDEN
1. Greenfield Road
$ 689 36
2. Brattleboro Road
148 08
3. Frizzell Hill Road
1384 75
4. North Bernardston Road
113 55
5. East Hill Road
753 38
6. East Hill Branch Road
63 51
7. Keets Brook Road
344 44
8. Paige Road
20 00
9. Alexander Road
464 26
10. County Road (3 Sections)
1392 72
11. Hunt Road
104 50
15
12. W. S. Black Road
6 75
13. Eden Road
370 08
14. East Glen Road
755 86
15. Wilson Road
27 80
16. Gates Road
431 14
17. River Road
505 34
18. Lynde Mill Road
39 06
19. West Leyden Road
1559 04
20. Bell Road
385 92
21. George Lamb Road
211 65
22. Kately Hill Road
176 07
23. South Schoolhouse Road
289 82
24. Coates Road
53 05
25. Brooks Road
78 35
Signs
0 00
Culverts
0 00
Calcium Chloride
0 00
Snow
1231 41
Total
$11599 89
ALLOTMENTS:
State
$11000 00
Town
600 00
Total
$11600 00
16
Town Clerk's Report
VITAL STATISTICS BIRTHS
February 6
Deborah Lillia Murray
November 10
Michael Gilbert Muka
November 25
Keith Gordon Barton
December 19
December
28
Edward Herman Glabach David Russell Howes
MARRIAGES
January
7 Philip H. Zimmerman and Ann Marie Paulin
June
23 Dwight M. Tuller and Ruth E. Snow
July
14 Edwin Howard Damon, Jr., and June Ellen Barton
September
15
Edward J. Snow and Helen D. Horrocks
November
3 William Alfred Webb, Jr., and Patricia Ann Chapin
DEATHS
April
19 Clara J. Whitney, 51 years
June
18 Walter Samuel Baker, 70 years
October
28 Marcus Calder, 75 years
REPORT OF DOGS LICENSED
43 males at $2.00
$86 00
6 females at $5.00
30 00
12 spayed females at $2.00
24 00
2 kennel at $10.00
20 00
$160 00
17
Paid town treasurer Clerk's fees, 63 at 20c
$147 40 12 60
$160 00
REPORT OF HUNTING, FISHING AND TRAPPING LICENSES
24 Resident Citizens' Fishing at $3.25 $ 78 00
41 Resident Citizens' Hunting at $3.25
133 25
32 Resident Citizens' Sporting at $5.25 168 00
7 Resident Citizens' Minors' Fishing at $1.25
8 75
13 Resident Citizens' Female Fishing at $2.75
29 25
1 Resident Citizen's Trapping at $7.75
7 75
3 Special Non-Residents' Fishing at $2.75
8 25
1 Non-Resident Citizen's Fishing at $7.75
7 75
1 Duplicate
50
5 Resident Citizens' Sporting
Free
$441 50
Paid Division of Fisheries and Game
$411 00
Fees retained 122 at 25c
30 50
$441 50
HAROLD V. CAMPBELL,
Town Clerk
Audited January 30, 1957 HANNAH E. ORR
18
.
Treasurer's Report
-
RECEIPTS
Balance January 1, 1956
$23813 50 X
Income from Davenport Fund
33 00
Quintus Allen Legacy
400 00
Dog money returned by county
80 87
Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Superintendent's salary
437 93 X
Transportation
6125 40 X
Tuition of children
497 14
Vocational education
1887 26×
Income tax, Chapter 70, Part 1
6424 63 X
Income tax, Chapter 69, 71
296 47×
Fare 3
Income tax
855 88 X
School Loan
1182 46 X
Reimbursement loss of taxes
97 97 X
Inspection of animals
25 00 ×
Corporation tax, business
1319 75%
Meal tax
217 94 4-
Old age assistance
3570 78 X
Aid to dependent children
505 74 7
Disability assistance
209 78 X
Highways, Chapter 81 balance 1955
7175 89 X
Highways, Chapter 81
8213 47 ×
Highways, Chapter 90C, 1955 School lunch program
890 81 ×
P.4
County of Franklin
Highways, Chapter 90C, 1955
2000 00 X
U. S. Grant
O. A. A.
2977 66 X
A. D. C.
782 00 X
Disability Assistance
210 00 ×
<
Disability Assistance Administration
1 92×
O. A. A. Administration
21 15 X
A. D. C. Administration
1 93 ×
Town of Greenfield, reimbursement O. A. A.
21 66×
School lunch program
1335 26X
Je 17
P. T. A., school lunch program
97 53 X
Road machinery earnings
5286 20×
14327
19
-p.17
4000 00 ×
Town of Guilford, plowing snow
72 00
H. V. Campbell, rent of bulldozer
5 00 X
Robert Waite, damages to guard rail
30 00
Refund, check number 21952
28 25
Library fines
3 16
Sale of fuel oil
1 75 ×
Director of Standards, licenses
6 00 ×
Sealer of weights and measures, fees
24 95 X
Registration Greenfield Girl Scout Camps
50X
E. W. Cook, slaughtering license
1 00%
Town Clerk, dog licenses
147 40 X
Withholding tax
1871 68×
Franklin County Trust Co., temporary loan
5000 00×
Franklin County Trust Co., truck loan
3000 00×
Perpetual care Henry Campbell lot in South cemetery
50 00 X
Interest 1951 tax
7 20 >
Interest 1952 tax
78 34 x
Interest 1953 tax
41 20 ×
Interest 1954 tax
97 97 x
Interest 1955 tax
140 33 X
Interest 1956 tax
11 94 X
Demand and charges 1951
3 63 y
Demand and charges 1952
7 33 %
Demand and charges 1953
12 30 ×
Demand and charges 1954
16 50 x
Demand and charges 1955
35-
$91655 76
Taxes
4
1951 real estate tax
$ 200 56 ×
1952 real estate tax
158 20 ×
1953 real estate tax
45 71/
1954 real estate tax
330 39 x
1955 real estate tax
3445 19
1956 real estate tax
9811 52 X
1951 personal tax
3 39
1952 personal tax
338 05
1953 personal tax
145 20
1954 personal tax
201 14
1955 personal tax
1486 16 Y.
1956 personal tax
4154 80
1952 poll tax
4 00
1953 poll tax
14 00
20
12.
,
1954 poll tax
20 00
34 00
1955 poll tax
1956 poll tax
100 00 X
1952 motor excise tax
8 69 M
1953 motor excise tax
176 65 X
1954 motor excise tax
307 90%
1955 motor excise tax
1013 80 x
1956 motor excise tax
1396 06 x
23395 41
$115051 17
Expenditures
Selectmen's warrants
$60365 96
School committee's warrants
22447 92
School lunch warrants
2598 65
Temporary loan
5000 00 *:
Deposited in Henry Campbell cemetery trust fund
50 00
Balance December 31, 1956
24588 64 X
$115051 17
HAROLD V. CAMPBELL,
Town Treasurer
Audited January 30, 1957
HANNAH E. ORR
5
21
Report of Tax Collector
Tax
Collected Uncollected
Interest
Charges
Abated Refunded
1951
$ 203 95 $
221 69
$ 7 20
$ 3 63
1952
496 25
741 79
77 53
6 48
1953
190 91
1039 36
14 92
70
1954
531 53
1039 76
73 32
35
1955
4931 35
2742 48
104 37
35
1956
13966 32
6919 44
10 95
$206 40
$134.40
1952 Poll
4 00
00
1953 Poll
14 00
2 00
1 08
1 40
2 00
1954
20 00
14 00
1 47
2 80
2 00
1955
34 00
32 00
54
1956
100 00
56 00
06
18 00
1952 Excise
8 69
81
85
1953 Excise
65
25 20
10 20
1954 Excise
307 90
13 83
23 18
13 35
1955
1013 80
176 54
35 42
1956
1396 06
838 02
93
$23395 41 $13836 91
$376 98
$40 11
$234 40
134 40
Respectfully submitted,
GEORGE E HOWES, Collector of Taxes
22
Total
Audited January 30, 1957 HANNAH E. ORR
Report of Northern Franklin Welfare District
To: Leyden Board of Public Welfare From: L. R. Stark, Agent, Northern Franklin Welfare District Subject: Annual Report on Public Assistance, 1956
During the year 1956 the District Welfare Office in Bernardston con- tinued to administer Public Assistance for Leyden under the direction of the Leyden Board of Public Welfare. This work included investigations of ap- plications for assistance, periodical investigations of continuing need, deter- mination of the amount of needs, preparation of payrolls and reports and related matters.
Most Old Age Assistance payments were increased $2.50 per month for travel allowance early in the year as a result of legislation. In addition, there was a cost of living increase of about 5 per cent made available to most recipients of Old Age Assistance, Aid to Dependent Children and Dis- ability Assistance on July 1st.
Total cases being aided dropped from twelve at the beginning of the year to ten in December, the reduction occurring in the Old Age Assistance and Disability Assistance categories.
Old Age Assistance
Minimum grants increased from $59 00 per month to $61 50 per month for recipients living with relatives and from $79 00 per month to $81 50 per month for all others without other resources. Depending on the needs of the individual, these grants ranged upward to $81 50 per month plus medical needs
At the beginning of the year ten cases were being aided at a cost of $546 00 per month exclusive of medical needs At the end of the year there were eight on the rolls with a regular monthly payment of $434 00. Addi- tional payments for medical needs averaged about $430 00 per month during 1956 which was more than $3500 higher than last year
No new applications for aid were received during the year. Two cases were closed. One of these was transferred to a mental institution and the other died.
23
Six Old Age Assistance real estate liens were in force during the year, and none was released during 1956.
There were no appeals during the year.
Federal financial participation was increased during the year to a maxi- mum of $39 00 per month per case with the state reimbursing two-thirds of the remainder.
Aid To Dependent Children
One case with four children was aided through the year at a cost of about $140 00 per month. No new applications were received during the year.
In this category the federal participation was increased during the year to a maximum of $21 50 per month per child with the state reimbursing one- third of the total cost.
Disability Assistance
There was one case on the rolls at the beginning of the year at a cost of about $60 00 per month The case was closed during the year because of death of the recipient No new applications were received.
In this category federal financial participation is the same as in Old Age Assistance with the town covering 25 per cent of the cost and the state the remainder.
General Relief
There were none being aided in this category until late in the year when one application was received and approved for assistance The case includes three small children and was continuing to receive aid at the end of the year of about $125 00 per month.
24
WELFARE DEPARTMENT EXPENDITURES 1956
DISTRIBUTION OF COSTS
AVAILABLE FUNDS
Receipts
Cate- gory
Town Approp.
Prev. Balance
Federal Reimb.
Total Available Funds
Total Payments
Unused Balance
Federal
State
Other Towns
Net Leyden Cost
OAA
$6500 00
$ 855 30
$4035 71 $11419 26 $11392 06
$ 27 20
$4035 71
$4346 46
$21 66
$2988 23
CC
28 25
ADC
300 00
934 15
782 00
2016 15
1669 90
346 25
782 00
514 26
0 00
373 64
DA
750 00
0 00
210 00
960 00
402 94
557 06
210 00
208 82
0 00
cr. 15 88
GR
200 00
0 00
0 00
200 00
187 25
12 75
0 00
0 00
0 00
187 25
Dist.
271 26
0 00
0 00
271 26
271 26
0 00
0 00
0 00
0 00
271 26
OAA
Adm
0 00
17 87
21 15
39 02
17 87
21 15
17 87
0 00
0 00
0 00
ADC
Adm
0 00
4 24
1 93
17
4 24
1 93
4 24
0 00
0 00
0 00
DA
Adm
0 00
0 00
1 92
1 92
0 00
1 92
0 00
0 00
0 00
0 00
Tot. $8049 51
$1811 56 $5052 71 $14913 78 $13945 52
$968 26
$5049 82
$5069 54
$21 66 $3804 50
25
A Proposed History of Leyden
The following 'Introduction to Leyden' and 'Outline for Proposed Leyden History' were drawn up by W. T. Arms, and it is hoped the subject matter will be of interest to the people of Leyden. Criticisms, or suggestions for additional material will be welcomed by the Advisory Committee, or by W. T. Arms.
INTRODUCTION TO LEYDEN
The town of Leyden, Massachusetts, named for the Pilgrim sanctuary of Leyden, Holland, lies within a southeasterly spur of the Green Mountains, and from its highest hills one may discern some thirty-five distant peaks rising in Vermont, New Hampshire, the Berkshires of Western Massachu- setts, the Holyoke Range of the Connecticut Valley, and in the foothills of the White Mountains. From the eastern slopes of the town, one of the finest panoramas in New England spreads far and away in undulating ridges, and we can readily understand why the pioneer settlers of this region named one of the main highways of the town-Eden Trail. Go where you may in Ley- den, there is always beauty and always charming countryside.
Historically, Leyden has much to her credit. Through her rocky woods the Deerfield captives, one hundred and fifty strong, trekked with their French and Indian captors on a memorable March day in 1704; and from these hills in 1775, the early pioneers, some of whom had been driven from their homes by Indians or seen service in the Old French Wars, dropped their tools of the field to shoulder a musket under Captain Agrippa Wells of the local Minute Man Company It was in these hills that the guns of Bunk- er Hill were heard, and our men once more responded to the call. From Ley- den came hard-pressed men who fought under Daniel Shays; from Leyden came support for the American regiments of 1812 Down through the years, in fact, Leyden has been ably represented in all the major battles of the na- tion.
.
Nor is Leyden wanting in the production of prominent and nationally well-known men. Within her borders was formed one of the strangest relig- ious sects of early American times-the Dorrellites, shepherded by William Dorrell, ex-British fighter under Burgoyne. And into the sanctuary of the Leyden Hills came Jason Parmenter, notorious Shays man, saved from an unjust sentence by a last-minute reprieve. From the western corner of the
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town emerged one John Riddell, outstanding scientist, and known world- wide for his invention of the binocular microscope. Henry Kirke Brown, American sculptor and friend of artist George Fuller, was also a product of Leyden Today Brown's huge statues of Washington and Abraham Lincoln stand firmly in the public parks of New York, West Point and in the na- tion's Capital.
Location: Leyden is located in Franklin County some ten miles west of the Connecticut River. Its northern boundary is contiguous with the State of Vermont; its western boundary is marked by the course of the Green River, a cold mountain stream which rises in the fir and spruce forests to the north. On the south, Leyden is bounded by the town of Greenfield and on the east by the parent town of Bernardston. Leyden is 109 miles distant from Boston and some 60 miles east of Albany via the Mohawk Trail. The average distance from the north to the south boundary is five miles; the length of the south line, east to west, is one mile, and the length of the north boundary, east to west, is three miles. The shape of the township, viewed inversely, is strikingly similar to that of the State of Vermont.
Topography: Generally speaking, Leyden is a town of hills with narrow fertile valleys interspersed. One local historian wrote .. .
OUTLINE FOR PROPOSED LEYDEN HISTORY
1. Introduction to Leyden-
a. Brief colorful sketch covering highlights of Leyden's history
b. Background: The Pilgrims in Leyden, Holland
c. Other "Leydens" in America
d. General location and topography of Leyden
2. Events Which Opened the Way for the Founding of Leyden-1676
a. Events leading up to the Falls Fight
b. The Battle, and results thereof
3. Initial Steps Taken Toward the Founding of Fall Town (Leyden and Bernardston)
a. Petition of Samuel Hunt for a Grant-1734
b. First Proprietors' Meetings and the drawing of lots
c. List of First Division Lots with Original Leyden Proprietors
d. Description of early Maps and Plans of Leyden District
e. Controversial eastern boundary of the "Colrain Gore."
4. First Settlements in That Part of the Grant, now Leyden
a. Earliest known settlers, 1741
. b. Concrete evidence of these settlements; the dated rock, etc.
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5. Indians in the Leyden Hills
a. The Deerfield captives in Leyden-1704
b. Indian attacks on Leyden settlements, 1744
c. Retreat of the early settlers to local Forts
d. Leyden during the Indian war period-1744-1760
e. Leyden men in the French and Indian Wars
6. Second Settlement Period in the Leyden District-1760 to 1774
a. Full description of the Leyden area: Brooks, Mountains, Valleys
b. Incorporation of Bernardston (including Leyden District)
c. The "Florida Grant"
d. Pioneers in the Leyden District in pre-Revolutionary period
e. The earliest Leyden churches and controversies arising therefrom
f. First school records: Evidence of the log schoolhouse
g. Early roads
7. The Revolutionary Period-1775-1783
a. Minute Men from the Leyden area
b. The Bunker Hill gun story
c. Complete list of Leyden soldiers and militiamen
d. Leyden settlers during the Revolution: Complete lists to 1782
8. Leyden as a Separate District from Bernardston-1784-1809
a. First Town Meeting; officers chosen, with life sketches
b. Hessian settlement in Leyden
c. The Yorker troubles; Shays' Rebellion; Ethan Allen in Leyden
d. School and road records of this period
e. Complete list of Leyden settlers, 1790. (From Federal census)
f. Earliest known map of Leyden, 1792 (From State Archives)
g. The Dorrellites: A history of the sect, with location of the homes of pioneer members. New data on William Dorrell himself
h. The "Royall Tylers" in Leyden
i. Direct Federal tax list of 1798, giving valuation and extent of all real estate holdings for each Leyden family
j. Leyden aggregate production figures for 1801 (State House vault)
9. Leyden's First Half Century as a Town-1809-1869
a. Incorporation, February 22, 1809
b. Early Postal History: First Mail Carriers
c. Prominent Leyden men of this period: H. K. Brown, John Riddell
d. Miscellaneous minor events to 1830
e. The Hezekiah Newcomb Leyden, map of 1830, described
f. Leyden in the Mexican War
g. Leyden, 100 years ago: The Wallings map of 1858 showing all
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