USA > Mississippi > The westward movement : the colonies and the republic west of the Alleghanies, 1763-1798 with full cartographical illustrations from contemporary sources > Part 51
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Mississippi Territory, 573.
Missouri River, 468; traders, 30.
Mitchell's map (1755), used in the treaty
(1782), 221 ; used in the ordinance (1787), 286.
Mobile, attacked (1780), 181; Indian conferences at, 330 ; population, 346; trade of, 380.
Mohawk River, 19; as a route to the west, 248.
Mohawk valley, 264.
Monongahela River, 50, 250, 511; map, 17. Monroe, James, urges the setting up of
a western State, 247 ; in the west, 262; with the Indian commissioners, 272; on a committee for an ordinance of the northwest. 281; Montgomery, Lieu- tenant, 174.
Montour, 91.
Moravians in Pennsylvania, 56; proving spies, 195 ; settlements, map of, 422, 423.
Morey, Samuel, 512.
Morgan, Indian agent, 90; commanding at Fort Pitt, 111.
Morgan. Colonel George, seeking set- tlers, 309; and western colonization, 366; connection with New Madrid, 366.
Morris brothers, 66.
Morris, Robert, patron of Ledyard, 238; the Genesee purchase, 264 ; and New York lands, 425, 474, 499 ; lands in Ohio, 500.
Morris, Gouverneur, 158, 159; on what to yield to Spain and France, 201; on the western States, 25; and a com- mercial treaty with England, 316.
Morse, Jedediah, American Geography, 363, 393, 491, 512 ; American Gazetteer, 377 ; on Marietta. 498.
"Mound-builders," 323; on the Muskin- gum, 299; remains, 303.
Munseys (an Indian tribe), 140.
Murray, General James, governor at Quebec, 5.
Murray, William, 69.
Muskingum River, map, 17; its valley, 255, 293.
Nashville, 334, 359; site of, 44, 123; town founded by Robertson, 143; first
588
INDEX.
named Nashborough, 179; its condi- tion, 411.
Natchez (Indians), 32.
Natchez (town), sought by fugitives from the East, 89; British settlers, 110; Tory settlers, 156; controlled by the English, 157 ; captured by Galvez, 171; the settlers rise on the Spanish garri- son. 189; population, 346; fortified, 366; described, 518; after the treaty of San Lorenzo, 565.
Navarro, 352, 361.
Neville, Captain John, 90.
New England, shipbuilding, 7.
New Jersey, accepts Articles of Confed- eration, 170.
New Jersey Company, 364.
New Madrid, 309, 518 ; map, 363; forti- fied, 366; Miró's apprehensions, 371. New Orleans, 346; described, 59; Aubry and Ulloa, 35 ; rising against the Span- iards. 36; O'Reilly comes, 37; Pollock in, IOS ; coveted by the English, 108; map of vicinity, 109; Hamilton's plan to attack, 113; fire in, 361; open to attack, 371 ; trade, 519; defenses in- creased, 531 ; defenses suited for intes- tine troubles only, 550, 551 ; made port of deposit, 535.
New York, bounds, 4; and the Quebec Bill, 65; cedes her western lands, 185, 199; her land cession accepted, 205, 207; unhospitable to immigrants, 528. Newburgh (N. Y.), 244.
Niagara, importance of, 112; its surren- der to the Americans a trial to Hal- dimand, 216; conditions (1783), 237; Indian councils at, 271, 273 ; the falls in Fitch's map, 323 ; road to, 475, 499. Nicholas, George, 362; and the Consti- tution of Kentucky, 526; and the French faction, 538.
Nickajack expedition, 547.
Noailles, in London, 154. Nollichucky River, 79.
Nootka Sound, 238; Spain and England at, 392; convention of, 397.
North, Lord, 152, 154.
North Bend (O.), 498.
North Carolina moves her bounds west- ward, 327; her western settlements, 328, 334 ; her cessions, 335 ; the act re- pealed, 336 ; joins the Union, 375; final cession of her western lands, 375.
North West Company, 220, 239, 389; unites with rivals, 239.
Northwest coast fur trade, 389; rival claimants, 392.
Northwestern territory, created, 306; its government, 306; map by Morse, 364; its population and character, 400, 498 ; its forts, 417. See Ordinance of 1787.
O'Fallon, Dr. James, 378; of the French faction, 531. O'Reilly, in New Orleans, 37. Oconee war, 330.
Oho, the State of, map by Rufus Put- DiLIN, 495 -497.
Ohio Company of Virginia, 8; claims the Indiana lands, 18.
Ohio Company (Walpole's), 47, 60; en- gulfs the old Ohio Company, 50; bonnds extended and territory called Vandalia, 57.
Ohio Company of Massachusetts, formed, 280; reticent on the slavery question, 289; buys land, 290; extent of pur- chase, 200, 292; map of it, 291 ; deter- mines to settle on the Muskingum, 298; habits of settlement, 302; its reputation compromised, 310; Bar- low's map, 311; and the Gallipolis scheme, 406 ; and Duer's failure, 436. Ohio country, Moravians in, 56; popu- lation increasing, 60; as a part of Canada, 69; wanted for the loyalists, 217; the Seven Ranges, 267, 311, 313; unauthorized settlements, 270.
Ohio River, current, 13; maps, 17, 119, 296, 297, 332 ; cost of transportation from it to the coast, 48 ; settlements at the falls, 118; emigrants' boats, 175; bustle at the falls, 204; flatboats on, 298 ; its course, 317 ; Filson's map, 332; navigation of, 413; Indian forays, 417; traffic on, 508; mail service, 510. Ohio valley, richness of, 12.
Ordinance of 1784, 258; amended to pre- serve slavery, 260; embodies a com- pact with the old States, 260; King's motion, 261.
Ordinance of 1785, 261.
Ordinance of 1787, reported, 281 ; amend- ed, 283; passed, 283; credit of it, where dne ? 284; its influence, 284; its character, 285; sources of its pro- visions, 285; extent of territory cov- ered, 286; as a compact, 286; its boundaries based on Mitchell's map, 286; the compact futile, 286 ; creation of States under, 287 ; denies manhood suffrage, 287 ; its treatment of slavery, 287 ; of religion and education, 289; in effect, 290.
Oregon River, 104.
Oriskany, 112.
Orr, Colonel, 568.
Orr, Major, attacks the Cherokees, 547.
Oswald, the English agent, 213; on the bounds of the treaty (1782), 218.
Oswego, 216. Otis, James, 4.
Ottawa River route, 137.
Ottawas, 113; their confederacy, 16; to avenge Pontiac's death, 26; hostile, 124.
Owegy, 20.
Pacific Ocean, ronte to, 238.
Page, governor of Virginia, 93.
Pagés, French traveler, 22, 29.
Paine, Thomas, 85; Public Good, 186, 246; his biographer, Conway, 187; on the British debts, 230; and the aboli- tion of slavery, 289; Rights of Man, 409; in Paris, 465; in the French Con- vention, 548.
589
INDEX.
Palatines, 61. Panhandle region, 185. Panton, William, 519.
Parsons, Samuel H., Indian commis- sioner, 269, 272; his character, 281; applies for land on behalf of the Ohio Company, 282; approached by British agents, 304; at Marietta, 307; opens communication with the British, 367. Peace River, 238.
Pearl River, 181. Pendleton, Edmund, 547.
Penn, Lady Juliana, 233.
Pennsylvania, a proprietary government,
6; German population, 12; Quakers, 12; active people, 12; dispute with Connectient, 22, 264; route through to the West, 52; becoming prominent, 52; bonndary disputes with Virginia, 52, 66; impracticable western bounds in her charter, 53; Senll's map, 53; map by T. Kitchin, 54; the Quebec Bill, 65 ; her line revolt, 188 ; commer- cial spirit, 250; canalization in, 254; western line run, 266 ; price of land, 298; her enterprise in opening her unsettled country, 528.
Pennsylvania Gazette, 91.
Pensacola, 30; Bonquet in command, 30; Johnston there, 32; Haldimand arrives, 32; Congress ready to assist Spain in its capture, 151; wanted by Spain, 155; coveted by Pollock, 158; reinforced, 160 ; Indian conference at, 330; trade, 346, 519.
Perdido River, 181.
Phelps and Gorham purchase, 264.
Phelps, Oliver, 500.
Philadelphia, commerce, 7 ; taken, 115 ; routes from to the West, 250; post from to the West, 410.
Phillipeanx Island, 221.
Pickering. Timothy, on the force neces- sary to garrison the frontier after the war, 236; planning a western State, 244; on astronomical boundaries, 260 ; on the western movement, 261; and the rectangular surveys, 267 ; opposed to opening the lands to "lawless emi- grants," 270 ; and the St. Clair can- paign, 422 ; confers with Red Jacket, 438; to treat with the Indians, 447. Pickett, Alabama, 189.
. Pierro. See Pourré, Captain.
Pinckney, Thomas, goes to England. 431; sent to Madrid, 548; negotia- tions at. Madrid, 554 ; treaty signed. 555. Piqua, 176.
Pittman, Philip, on the Illinois Indians. 27. 30.
Pittsburg, laid out, 12. 328 ; view, 51; condition (1770), 52; Indians infest it. clamoring for support. 61 ; longitude of, 65; meeting at, to sustain the Rev- olution, 83; to be taken by Connolly, 86; federal in sympathy, 296; boats passing, 298; condition, 304 ; trade at. 444; map, 444, 445; its condition
(1796), 506; roads to and from, 507-511; map of vicinity, 570.
Pittsburg Gazette, 270, 350.
Pittsylvania, proposed colony, 49.
Platt, Richard, 436.
Point Pleasant, 112; battle, 73 ; position of, 291.
Pollock, Oliver, his career, 108; to aid G. R. Clark, 117; sends money to Clark, 121, 143; becomes poor, 121; at New Orleans, 148; planning an attack on Pensacola, 149; appointed commercial agent, 150; complains of British depredations, 156 ; fitting out armed vessels, 157 ; warning Ameri- cans, 157; urging active measures, 157 ; aims to capture Pensacola, 158; extent of his claim on the United States, 158 ; joins Galvez in an attack on the English posts, 162; his ill luck, 163 ; sending supplies to Todd and Clark, 181 ; large indebtedness of Congress and Virginia to, 198; insists on the Americans seenring a port of deposit in Spanish territory, 202 ; gives Congress a portrait of Galvez, 222; leaves New Orleans, 336; impris- oned at Havana, 336.
Pond, Peter, and the Grand Portage, 221 ; claims to have discovered an over- land passage to the Pacific, 389, 390; his map, 390, 391, 471; at Philadel- phia, 437.
Pontiac, killed, 26.
Pope, John, 518, 519.
Portages, between the Ohio and Lake Erie, 248, 316 ; made highways, 256. 286.
Porter, Captain, moves, 483.
Postal service, in the West, 296.
Posts on the Great Lakes, detention of by England. 229; pecuniary loss to the Americans by the detention, 234; demanded by Congress. 234; their names, 234 ; new demand. 233; British gain by the detention, 236, 241; their plans of detention. 237 ; garrisons, 240; New York demands the sur- render, 241 ; in a minous condition, 276; insufficiently garrisoned, 276; to be retaken if the Americans captured them, 277; the English policy one of delay, 279 ; Washington reopens the question. 316.
Potier, Père, 130.
Potomac River, its importance, 11 ; portage to the Ohio. 50, 53; ronte to the West, 251, 252, 257.
Pottawattamies, 26.
Pourré (Pierro), Captain, 188.
Powell's Valley, 21, 81 ; raided, 91.
Power. Thomas, spy, 553, 567.
Pownall, Governor, and the Ohio Com- pany. 47.
Prairie du Chien, 220.
Prescott. General Robert. 483.
Presqu'Isle, to be occupied by Pennsyl- vania troops, 456.
Priest, William, 479, 528.
590
INDEX.
Printing-press, in Kentucky, 340. Privateers, 151.
Proclamation of 1763, and the treaty (1782), 221, 222.
Property line, 4, 14, 17 ; as run, 20 ; not approved, 20.
Pulteney, Sir William, 474.
Putuam, Rufus, exploring the lower Mississippi, 110; plans western homes for disbanded soldiers. 244; calls a meeting of veterans, 280; forms the Ohio Company, 280; his record, 280; on the Muskingum valley, 296; leader of the Ohio Company enterprise, 298, 304; abets Cutler's schemes, 311; and the Mississippi question, 321 ; and the Gallipolis project, 404; proposes a line of posts in Ohio, 437; to serve under Wayne, 441; treats with the western Indians, 441; map of Ohio, 496, 497 ; his land warrants, 498; Sur- veyor-General, 506.
Quebec Bill, 2, 5; earlier purpose of extending to the Mississippi, 41; ac- count of, 63 ; its purpose to hem in the Americans, 70; passed, 71; views of it, 75, 107; obsenrely noticed in the Declaration of Independence, 75; Franklin urges its repeal, 76; Ver- gennes favors its bounds as permanent ones for the United States, 212.
Rainy Lake, 215. Randall, Robert, 494.
Randolph, Beverly, to treat with the Indians, 447.
Randolph, Edmund, 227; on the Vir- ginia land cessions, 246; on the Mis- sissippi question, 319; relations with Fauchet, 463 ; opinions of the British government, 465; the Fauchet dis- patch, 479.
Rayneval, Gerard de, 146; and the boundary question, 210; sent to London, 212; his object, 212; on the bounds of the United States, 218. Read. D. B .. Life of Simcoe, 448.
Red Jacket in Philadelphia, 438; at the council of the Miami confederates, 442, 443.
Red Lake, 215. Red Stone, 14, 117. Red Stone Old Fort, 50, 254.
Regulators, move West. 78. Religion, in the ordinance (1787), 289. Rhode Island, her financial vagaries, 275; joins the Union, 375.
Richmond, Duke of, 219.
Rittenhouse, Dr., 65.
Rivers; navigation of, in international Inw, 184.
Robertson, Colonel, 30.
Robertson, James, with Boone, 46; at Watanga, 78; conducts its defense, 91 ; moves to the Cumberland valley, 143; settles Nashville, 179; leader of the Cumberland community, 180 ; re- pulses the Cherokees, 194; relations
with Miró, 334; attaeks the Creeks, 358; ready to join the Spanish plot, 370; made brigadier-general, 376; ex- pects Cherokee raids, 520; wounded, 521; in the Tennessee Convention, 559. Rocheblave, 156, 203 ; at Fort Gage, 113; at Kaskaskia, 118; sent to Virginia, 120.
Rodney, defeats De Grasse, 217.
Rogers, David, killed, 140; on the Mis- sissippi, 155.
Rogers, John, commands a galley, 133. Rogers, Major, at Mackinac, 24.
Romans, Bernard, 106.
Romayne, Dr., 568.
Roosevelt, Nicholas T., 514.
Royal proclamation (1763), 6, 7,.22; Washington's view of it, 11 ; annulled, 16 ; not enforeed, 21, 42, 60 ; must not be annulled, 41; its purpose, 44, 48.
Rumsey, James, his discovery, 252, 321; controversy with Fitch, 325.
Russell, William, America, 536. Rutherford, General, 93.
Rutledge, Edward, on the Mississippi question, 318.
Sacs and Foxes, 172; pronounce for the Americans, 177. St. Anthony, Falls of, 323.
St. Clair, Arthur, president of Congress, 282; interprets the slavery clause of the ordinance (1787), 288; and the Northwest Territory, 292 ; his career, 305 ; governor of the Northwest, 305; seeks to extinguish the Indian title, 306; prepares for an Indian war, 307; makes treaty with the Six Nations, 309; on Williamson, 369; on the Ohio, 402; and the Harmar campaign, 418; his own campaign, 422; his instrue- tions, 427 ; his defeat, 429; resigns, 434 ; declares the Indian war at an end, 491 ; trying to thwart the French faction: 539 ; his fears, 541.
St. Francis River, 29.
St. Joseph, attacked by Spanish, 189.
St. Lawrence River, its ultimate source unknown, 101 ; navigation of it denied to the Americans, 218.
St. Leger, 112; in Quebec, 241.
St. Louis, settled, 23; population, 23; Spanish plots, 113; threatened by Sin- elair, 171; described, 171 ; plan, 172, 173; Collot's opinion of, 563.
St. Paul, eity, Carver's deed, 103.
St. Peter River, 104.
St. Pierre Island, 1.
Ste. Geneviève, 23. San Ildefonso, treaty, 572.
San Lorenzo, treaty, 555.
Sandusky, outpost of Detroit, 112.
Santa Fé, mines accessible to attack, 563. Sargent, Charles S., 537.
Sargent, Winthrop, 292; adjutant of St. Clair, 428 ; in the Mississippi Territory, 573.
Sangrain, 299.
Savannah, evacuated, 203.
591
INDEX.
Scioto Company, 402; its agent Joel Barlow, 311; and Duer's failure, 435.
Scioto River, map, 67 ; Indians on, 302. Scotch, in Kentucky, 529.
Scotch-Irish, character, 12; arriving on the Delaware, 52; in Ohio, 304 ; in the Northwest, 500.
Scott, General Charles, map of his raid across the Ohio, 249; his attack on the Wabash tribes, 422.
Scott, Joseph, United States Gazetteer, 495, 505.
-
Scraggins, Henry, 44. Senll's map of Pennsylvania, 53. Seagrave, James, 521.
Sebastian, Judge, traitor, 363 ; pensioned by Spain, 388 ; and Carondelet, 552; goes with Gayoso to New Orleans, 554 ; his infamy rewarded, 556.
Seeley, Expansion of England, 5.
Senecas, 139.
Sequoyah, 78. Seven Ranges, the, 267, 311, 313.
Sevier, John, in the Watanga settlement, 80; holding the Cherokees in check, 96; at King's Mountain, 181; at con- vention of Jonesboro', 335 ; governor of the Franklin region, 341 ; his down- fall, 360 ; arrest and escape, 360 ; made brigadier-general, 376 ; goes to Georgia, 515 ; attacks the Creeks, 544.
Sharp, Grenville, 154.
Shawnees, claim the Ohio country against the Iroquois, 14; aroused, 58; their warpath, 67; hostile, 124; on Bird's raid, 175; in treaty, 272; attacked by Kentuckians, 276; maranding, 310; their uncertain friendship, 345.
Shays's rebellion, 274, 278, 344.
Sheaffe, Lieutenant, 474.
Sheffield, Lord, 277.
Shelby, Evan, in the Watauga settle- ment, 80; attaeks the Indians, 136, 139; at King's Mountain, 181 ; and the State of Franklin, 354.
Shelby, Isaac, governor of Kentucky, 526 ; fails to thwart the French fac- tion, 540.
Shelburne, Lord, orders the property line to be run, 14 ; and the peace (1782), 212, 213, 216, 222, 227.
Shepherd, Colonel David, 114, 192.
Simcoe, John Graves, 426, 446, 447 ; his distrust of the Americans, 448; his hostile purpose, 451 ; builds fort at the Manmee rapids, 455; apprehensive of Wayne's success, 457 ; disturbed at it. 460, 461, 488 ; sends expedition to So- dus Bay, 474 ; his passionate chagrin, 483.
Sinclair, at Mackinac, 142; to descend the Mississippi, 142, 171.
Sionx Indians, 30, 104; sought by Sin- clair, 171.
Sioux country, 215.
Six Nations. See Iroquois.
Slaughter at the falls of the Ohio, 191. Slavery, Jefferson's purpose for the West,
258; and the ordinance (1787), 283, 287; and the phrase "all men are born free and equal," 287 ; among the French in Illinois, 288; early move- ments for abolishing it, 288 ; Cutler's fntile attempt to abolish it, 289.
Slaves, trouble arising from their depor- tation from New York at the evacua- tion, 231.
Smith, Charles, 83.
Smith, General Robert, 370.
Smith, James, on the Cumberland River, 44. Smith, Provost, 65.
Smith, William, 484.
Smyth, Travels, 86; movements with Connolly, 87.
Smythe, Colonel, 174.
Sodus Bay, 474.
Soldiers' certificates, depreciated, 282.
South Carolina, bounds, 10; cession of western lands, 358.
South Carolina Company, 377.
Southern tribes, the question of bounds, 10; distrust the English, 38; played upon by both English and Americans, 89.
Spain, holds Louisiana, 106 ; plots at St. Louis, 113; joins France in planning disaster to the Americans, 147; hesi- tating, 152; offers to mediate, 154 ; her position on the Mississippi, 157 ; her navy, 158 ; to have Florida, 159 ; urges Congress to accept a long truce, 159 ; threatens alliance with England, 160; ambitious, 160; must have Gibraltar. 160; treaty (1779) with France 160 ; de- clares war with England, 161, 564; in- sists with Jay upon the control of the Mississippi, 182 ; using France to this end, 182 ; sends expedition to place the Spanish flag east of the Mississippi, 188, 212; aims to secure the eastern bank of the Mississippi, 212; denies English right to navigate the Missis- sippi. 216; gains Florida (1782), 222; contends it carried her territory to the Yazoo, 222; explores on the Pacific coast, 238 ; her intrigues in Kentucky, 309; her claims for the Mississippi, 318; her covert action, 327 ; views on American independence, 327; enmity towards the United States, 330 ; invites settlers west of the Mississippi, 366; her diplomacy, 388 ; her perfidious policy, 556; delays execution of the San Lorenzo treaty. 565.
Sparks, Jared, on Vergennes, 223.
Springfield (O.), 176.
Stamp Act. 2.
Standford (Ky.), 111.
Stanhope. Earl, 512. Starved Rock, 26.
State debts, assumption of. 408.
Steamboats, 512; on the western rivers, 317, 318, 320, 323, 414.
Steuben, Baron. confronting Arnold, 190; sent to demand posts, 234.
Stevens, B. F., Facsimiles, 145, 222.
592
INDEX.
Stobo, Captain, 60.
Stockbridge Indians, 87, 126.
Stormont. Lord, in Paris, 151, 153, 154. Stover, Michael, 444. Strachey, in Paris, 218, 219.
Straits of Juan de la Fuca, 238.
Stuart, John, agent among the southern Indians, 9. SS.
Suffolk, Lord, and the use of Indians in war. 127.
Sugar cane, in Lonisiana, 551.
Sullivan, General, 9; campaign against the Iroquois, 138.
Sullivan, John, 347.
Swiss, on the Great Scioto, 500.
Sydney, instruets Haldimand to hold the posts, 241 ; and the Indian war, 276.
Symmes, J. C., at Marietta, 306; in the Miami country, 314; his land warrants, 498.
Talleyrand, 223. Taylor, Hancock, 59.
Tennessee, first white child born in, 77; population (1776), 91 ; invaded by In- dian allies of the British, 91 ; its set- tlements, 95 ; constitutional beginnings of the State, 335, 336; maps of, 516, 517. 544, 545; the question of State- hood, 552 ; population (1795), 552; con- vention to make a State, 559.
Tennessee Company, 377 ; seeks to settle in Georgia, 515.
Tennessee River, settlement at the great bend of. 335. See Cherokee River.
Thomas, Isaac, 93.
Thomas, Lieutenant John, 30.
Thompson, Captain Andrew, 194.
Thompson, Captain William, 58.
Thompson, David, his survey of the Mis- sissippi, 472.
Thomson, Charles, 250. Thurlow, 71. Tilghman, James, 66.
Toby's Creek, 250.
Todd. Captain John, governor of Illinois, 122; in Kentucky, 177.
Todd, David, 331. Todd & Co., 416. Toledo ((.), 264. Tomahawk claims, 49.
Tonicas, 29.
Tories from New England, on the Mis- sissippi, 110; at Natchez, 156.
Toulmin, Henry, Description of Ken- tucky. 529.
Transylvania set up, 82; movement to- wards its settlement, 97 ; its proprie- tors recompensed, 98.
Treaties :
Augusta (Ga.), (1773), 88. Augusta (Ga.), (17831, 327. Fontainebleau (1785), 184. Fort Finney (1785), 272. Fort Harmar (1789), 293, 310. Fort McIntosh (1785), 268. Fort Stanwix (1768), 16. 43, 268. Fort Stanwix (1784), 267, 310.
France and Spain (1779), 160. Hardlabor (1768), 55.
Holston, 375.
Hopewell, 343, 344, 375.
Jay's (1794), 3, 465-467.
Lancaster, 166.
Lochaber (S. C.) (1768), 55, 78. Paris (1763), 1, 2, 22, 63, 107.
Paris, secret (1763), 29.
Paris (1782), 2, 205; history of, 208; made definitive, 223; infractions of, 228, 240 ; ratification of the defini- tive treaty, 235; should acts date from the provisional or the defini- tive treaty ? 236.
Ryswick (1697), 1. San Ildefonso, 572.
San Lorenzo (1795), 3, 555.
Sycamore Shoals (1775), 82. Westphalia (1648), 184.
White's Fort, 516.
Trent, William, 19.
Trevett v. Weedon, 344.
Trial by jury, 290.
Truman, Captain Alexander, 441.
Trumbull, Colonel John, 572.
Trumbull, Jonathan, governor of Con- nectient. 264.
Tryon, governor of North Carolina, 10, 77 ; and the Cherokees, 10; and Tran- sylvania, 84.
Tugaloo River, 92, 327.
Turgot, 146.
Tuscarawas River, 125.
Tuscarawas valley, 56.
Tupper, General Benjamin, surveying in the Ohio country, 267, 280; confers with Rufus Putnam, 280.
Twightwees, 16.
Ulloa, Antonio de, in New Orleans, 33.
United States, population (1780), 182; ter- ritory secured (1782), 209 ; no cause of gratitude to France or Spain, 223; cost of the Revolutionary War, 225 ; dan- gers after the peace, 227 ; army neces- sary, 236; the office of Geographer of, 266; first recognized by the western Indians, 267, 273; expenditures on the Indian problem, 268; Indian Bureau, 274; departments, 274; stories of dis- integration, 277 ; Hamilton supposed to be the leader of a monarchical party, 277; federal convention, 282, 284; the Constitution and the Missis- sippi question, 320 ; population (1787), 351; population (1790), 398 ; valnation (1790), 398; British views of western bounds, 432, 470 ; her bound completed, 573; character of her people, 574.
Unzaga, at New Orleans, 148. Upper Canada, created, 426.
Van Braam's claim, 60. Vancouver, in the Pacific, 533.
Vandalia, 248 ; colony, 57 ; grant, 169, 200. 206. Varnum, General J. M., at Marietta, 305, 306.
593
INDEX.
Vaughan, Benjamin, sent to England by Jay, 216; on the treaty (1782), 227.
Vérendrye, 104.
Vergennes, his policy, 2, 4 : his charac- ter, 144; plans to intervene in the American war, 145; his insincerity, 145 ; urges grant of money to Amer- ica, 146 ; refuses guns, 151; influen- cing the king, 152 ; ready for an Amer- ican alliance, 153; seeks to join Spain in it, 155, 158; his purpose, 158; schemes to disunite the States, 164; offended by John Adams, 184; his measures produce a revulsion, 208 ; defied by the peace commissioners. 209 ; hoped to play into the hands of England, 213 ; on the bounds fixed by the treaty (1782), 218 ; desired only the independence of the United States, not their prosperity, 223.
Vermont, claims for admission to the Union, 205; British intrigue with, 238 ; as a possible new State, 362; ad- mitted to the Union, 515.
Vigo, François, joins Clark, 120; impov- erished by aiding Clark, 121; cap- tured by Hamilton's sconts, 133; in- forms Clark of Hamilton's condition, 133; his claim on Virginia, 247 ; a fur trader, 416.
Vincennes, French in the neighborhood, 28, 38; change to English law, 40; lands of the French threatened by the Quebec Bill, 69; the French warned to remove from, 69; stockaded, 113; occupied by Helm, 120; captured by Hamilton, 131 ; captured by Clark, 133, 133 ; Helm in command. 135 ; dis- content at, 275; population, 275; Har- mar at, 296.
Virginia, tide-water people and over-hill people, 11; valley of, 12; Scotch- Irish, 12 ; claims the " Indiana " country, 19; her territory curtailed by the Fort Stanwix treaty, 20; her west- ern claims ignored by the Walpole grant, 50 ; esponses the Cherokee claims against the Iroquois, 50; dis- pute with Pennsylvania over bounds, 52, 177, 196 ; curved western bounds of Pennsylvania shown in map, 54; Franklin disputes her western claims, 55; George Mason defends them, 55; her charter claims. 63; the Quebee Bill, 65 ; Dunmore, governor, 65 ; hold- ing the Ohio, 84; frontier to be at- tacked from the south, 88; defines her territorial rights, 98; rejects private purchases of land, 98 ; sets up Ken- tucky as a county, 98; sends G. R. Clark west, 117 ; enconrages him. 132; gives him thanks, 132 ; opposes the Spanish demands, 164; her territorial claims, 166 ; adopts Constitution, 167 ; sets up civil government in Illinois, 169; sets up land office, 169; extends her southern boundary to the Missis- sippi, 174; warning New England,
185 ; her proposed cession of land north of the Ohio, 185; her territorial claims attacked by Tom Paine, 186; map of bounds, 197 ; offers a cession, 198; in- pedes action, 199; weakening on the Mississippi question, 200; jealous of the Vermont claims for Statehood, 205; validity of her territorial claim, 206; language of her charter as to bonnds, 206; the principal offender in infractions of the treaty (1782), 231, 232 ; treatment of the British debts, 232; George Mason on her charter, 245; incensed at Tom Paine, 246; ces- sion of her western lands proposed, 246; makes a cession, 247; cost of her conquest of the Northwest, 247; bounty-lands, 247 ; her election, 247 ; use of her rivers as routes to the west, 248 ; routes to Kentucky, map, 249; eager for an Indian war, 274; and the Mississippi question, 320; and the new Constitution, 361.
Virginia Company, 277.
Voight, 324.
Wabash Company, 200, 365.
Wabash River, 39; described, 40. Wabash tribes, 345.
Wabasha, 171.
Walker, Dr. (Colonel) Thomas, 15. 16, 174; his grant in Kentucky, 21.
Walpole, Thomas, and western lands, 47. See Ohio Company (Walpole's).
Washington, interest in western lands, 43, 54; sends Crawford west, 43, 50; of the Mississippi Company, 46; the Dinwiddie grants, 47, 50, 53; goes west (1770), 50; at Fort Pitt, 52; on the Kanawha, 52 ; buying soldiers' claims, 53 ; his western lands occupied by others, 57; Dunmore's alleged grants, 58 ; his land surveyed and ad- vertised, 58, 59 ; his caution, 59; land surveyed for him by Bullitt, 59; Imys other claims, 60; planning to people his lands with emigrants, 61 ; at Val- ley Forge. 124; to sanction use of In- dians, 127; restrains Brodhead. 140 ; defeated on Long Island, 147; at Brandy wine, 152; disapproves Lafay- ette's plan for invading Canada, 159; interview with Luzerne, 164; distrusts the Confederation, 188 ; appealed to by Clark and Brodhead. 192; at York- town, 195; sends Irvine to Fort Pitt, 196; favors western homes for the disbanded army, 244, 245 ; would lay out two States, 243; on the Virginia water-ways. 248; on western routes, 250, 256; their necessity in holding the west, 250; on the Mohawk route, 251; his western lands, 251; on the Poto- mae route, 251 ; on Rumsey's mechani- cal boat, 252 ; his map of the Potomac divide, 252, 253; entertains commis- sioners at Mount Vernon, 256 ; on Lake Erie portage, 256; on the Mississippi question, 256; President of the James
594
INDEX.
River and Potomac Canal Company, 257; objects to the ordinance (1784), 260; favors " progressive seating " in the west, 260; relations with Rumsey, 325 ; favors the independence of Ken- tneky, 331 ; receives dedication of Fil- sou's map, 332; views on the Spanish question, 338. 370; and the St. Clair campaign, 422; criticises Rufus Put- nam's plan for a line of posts, 437 ; his anxiety to maintain peace with Eng- land, 463 ; considering the Jay treaty, 177; treatment of the whiskey rioters, 456 ; sympathizes with Hamilton in the French question, 532; congratulated on his birthday, 558; warns western intrigners, 563.
Washington, city of, how its site was determined, 409.
Watanga Association, 334; formed, 79; buys its land, 82.
Watauga River, 77 ; early settlers, 4, 46.
Watauga settlement, 78; becomes Wash- ington County, 80 ; warned by Stuart, 91; attacked, 91; to be annexed to North Carolina, 95 ; loyalists expelled, 97; sending out raiding parties, 122; sends ont Shelby, 136; population, 341.
Waterford (O.), 421.
Wayne, Anthony, suggested as com- mander at the West, 439 ; gathering his forces, 451 ; his cavalry, 432 ; his ad- vance, 457; his victory, 458; treating with the tribes, 461; dies, 483; his final pacification of the tribes, 487; formalities of his treaty, 488; the line established, 490; cost of the war, 494; small reservations, 496.
Wedderburn, 70.
West, rival routes to, 248, 316, 317: movements to set up States, 257 ; im- migration to, 270, 296, 298, 302; at- tractions advertised, 280; demands slavery, 288; postal service, 296; character of its people, 387; routes thither, 508, 511.
West Florida, limits, 110 ; population, 110. See Florida.
West Sylvania, 96.
Western lands, diverse views of Vir- ginia and Maryland respecting them, 168 ; treasury warrants, 178 ; occupants seek to make a State, 179; New York's claim, 185 ; cessions of, 186 ; public do- main in, 186, 208 ; the Eastern States show their rights, 199; expected to pay the expenses of the war, 206; France would give them to Spain, 209 ; Congress establishes its sovereignty over them, 246; reserved for soldiers bounties, 247, 261 ; surveys advocated by Jefferson, 201 ; eagerness for new States, 262 ; land office, 262; rectangn- lar survey, 266 ; becoming productive,
Western ports, arrangements for evacu- ating, 452.
Western Reserve, 264, 500; its extent, 265.
Western Reserve Historical Society, Tracts, 255.
Westward emigration and the Indians, 329.
Weymouth, Lord, 154.
Wharton, Francis, International Law Digest, 217.
Wharton, Samuel, 19; on the Kana- wha, 252; in the Muskingum country, 299
Wheeling, 56, 68, 510; attacked, 194.
Wheeling Creek, attack, 114.
Whipple, Commodore, 280.
Whiskey rebellion, 485.
White, Dr. James, Indian agent, 345. White, James, 358.
White Bear Lake, 214, 215.
White Eyes (Indian), 177, 293.
Whiteley, Colonel, 568.
White's Fort, treaty, 516.
Whitney, Eli, cotton-gin, 551.
Whitworth, Richard, 106.
Wilderness Road, 99, 328; opened by Boone, 82.
Wilkinson, James, map of his raid across the Ohio, 249; his character, 339; his plots, 349, 353 ; confers with Gayoso, 355 ; seeks to reach Miró, 355; at Frankfort, 356; commercial plans with Miró, 356; again in Kentucky, 358; traitorous conduct, 363, 369; interview with Connolly, 368; in the Kentucky Convention, 369 ; seeks land in the Yazoo, 369; representations to Miró, 370 ; despondent under defeat, 374, 388 ; joins O'Fallon, 378; his fiendish advice, 379; attacks the Wabash tribes, 427; aroused at St. Clair's defeat, 430; brigadier under Wayne, 440; estimated by Washing- ton, 444; succeeds Wayne, 483; his intercourse with Carondelet, 553; re- ceives money from Carondelet, 557 ; and the French faction, 561; saves Power, 567 ; at Natchez, 573.
Willet, Colonel, sent to McGillivray, 385 ; declines to serve under Wayne, 440.
Williamson, Colonel Andrew, 474 ; his campaign against the Cherokees, with map, 94, 95.
Williamson, David, 204.
Willing, Captain James, on the Missis- sippi, 129, 156, 157.
Will's Creek, 254.
Winnebagoes, 26, 39.
Wisconsin River, 39; portage, 39.
Witt, Simeon de, 264.
Wolcott, Oliver, 268 ; on the Gallipolis scheme, 405; and the whiskey riots, 485.
Wood Creek, 251.
Wood Creek portage, 15, 19.
Wood Creek route, 501.
Wood, Colonel, 112.
Wood, James, 85.
Writ of habeas corpus, 290.
595
INDEX.
Writs of assistance, 4. Wyandots, unsteady, 124, 132; prowl- ing, 138 ; alarmed, 192, Wynne, General History of the British. Empire in America, 42, 101.
Wythe, George, sympathy for Kentucky, 116.
Yadkin River, 77.
Yazoo grants, 549; corruption in the Georgia legislature respecting them, 549 ; act rescinded, 560.
Yoder, Jacob, 204, 323; his voyage on the Mississippi, 326.
Yonghiogheny River, 250, 254.
Yorktown, capitulation at, 188, 196. Yrujo, 570.
. Zane family, 56, 68, 204, 511.
Zeisberger, and the Moravians in Pennsyl- vania, 56 ; restrains western Indians, 87, 112; warns Gibson, 138; warns Fort Henry, 194; and the St. Clair campaign, 424.
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