USA > New Hampshire > The statistics and gazetteer of New-Hampshire. Containing descriptions of all the counties, towns and villages statistical tables with a list of state officers, etc. > Part 10
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First Minister. Rev. Lemuel Wardsworth, ordained in 1797; died in 1817.
Boundaries. North by Milford, east by Hollis, south by Townsend and Pepperill, Mass, and west by Mason. Area, 12,664 acres. Area of improved land, 1,819 acres.
Distances. Seven miles south- west from Amherst, eight west from Nashua, and forty south from Concord.
Railroads. By daily express train to Pepperell station, Mass., seven miles, on the Worcester and Nashua Railroad. When com- pleted, the Lyndeborough and Brookline Railroad will pass through this town.
CAMBRIDGE.
Coos COUNTY. The surface of this town is uneven, but a large portion of it is covered with a dense, heavy growth of wood. The soil is good and a large por- tion might be easily cultivated.
The town is well watered by branches of Androscoggin River, many of which have their rise here. Part of Lake Umbagog is in this town. There are but few inhabitants in town, and they are principally engaged in agriculture. The annual value of agricultural products is $3,490; total valua- tion of the town $ 33,106.
Boundaries. North by Erroll and Umbagog Lake, east by the
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NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER.
State of Maine, south by Success and Milan, and west by Dummer. Area, 23,160 acres.
First Settlers. Granted to Na- thaniel Rogers and others, in 1793.
Distances. One hundred and forty-three miles north-east from Concord, and thirty-five north- east from Lancaster.
CAMPTON.
GRAFTON COUNTY. The surface of Campton is uneven, having sev- eral mountainous tracts. The soil in the valleys is very good, and produces fine crops of corn, oats, potatoes, and hay. The high lands are excellent for grazing. The forests are mostly deciduous, but there are some pine, spruce and hemlock. Campton is quite noted for the manufacturing of maple sugar. Some years 50,000 pounds are made.
Rivers. Pemigewasset River runs north and south nearly through the centre of the town, and receives the waters of Mad, Beebe and Bog Brook on the east, and West Branch on the west. Livermore's Falls, in Pem- igewasset River, near the south part of the town, present appear- ances of an interesting character for naturalists. The formation of the rocks in the bed of the river, at this point, bears conclusive evi- dence of a volcanic eruption in some age far in the past.
Mountains. Mount Prospect sit- uated in the southerly part, and the Morgan mountain range in the easterly part, are the most noted elevations in this town. From the summit of Mount Prospect, a de- lightful view of Winnipiseogee lake is obtained, as well as a large portion of the southern part of the
State. The distance from its sum- mit to the depot at Plymouth, on the Boston, Concord, and Mon- treal Railroad, is four miles. There are but few positions from whence so fine a view of the lake and the surrounding country can be had, and it is worthy of a visit from all lovers of fine natural scenery.
Employments. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in agriculture. It produces more maple sugar than any other town in the county. 500,000 feet of lumber are annually sawed, and considerable business is done in the manufacture of sale clothing. Many thousand pairs of pants are annually made.
Resources. Agricultural pro- ducts, $143,272; mechanical labor, $12,000, stocks and money at inter- est, $7,266; deposits in savings banks, $23,546; stock in trade, $10,629; From summer tourists, $10,000.
Churches and Schools. Congre- gational, Rev. Quimby Blakely pastor; Baptist, Rev. Mr. Tolman pastor; Freewill Baptist, Rev. Francis Morrison, pastor. There are fourteen schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, fifteen weeks.
First Minister. Rev. Selden Church (Cong.), ordained in 1774, dismissed in 1792. Rev. John Webber, settled in 1812, dismissed in 1815.
First Settlers. Campton and Rumney were included in the same grant to Captain Jabez Spen- cer, of East Haddam, Connecticut, but his death occurred before any settlement was made, and his heirs and others obtained a new charter in 1767. Two families, named Fox and Taylor first set-
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CANAAN.
tled here, in 1765. When the pro- prietors surveyed the two town- ships of Campton and Rumney, they built their camp within its limits, and from this fact the town derived its present name. Campton furnished her full quota in the war of Independence, and five of her townsmen yielded up their lives to gain our liberties, and thirty sacrificed their lives in the late Rebellion, to maintain those liber- ties, bought by the blood of their forefathers.
Hotels. Sanborn House, and Seymore House.
Boundaries. Bounded north by Thornton, east by Sandwich, south by Holderness and Ply- mouth, and west by Rumney. Area, 27,892 acres.
Distances. Fifty miles north from Concord, and fourteen from Plymouth.
Railroads. By stage daily, from Campton Centre to Plymouth Sta- tion, six miles, on the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad.
CANAAN.
GRAFTON COUNTY. The surface of Canaan is more even than sev- eral of the adjacent towns. The soil is generally deep and fertile, producing excellent crops. There are four small villages in the town, Canaan Street, East and West Canaan, and Factory Village. East Canaan, on the Northern Railroad, is the business centre for a large area of the surrounding country, and is an active village. There are four stores, three mil- liner's and dealers in fancy goods, one hotel, three church edifices, a newspaper and printing office, besides various kinds of manufac- tories, offices, &c. All the trade
of Orange, and a good share from Dorchester and Groton comes to this place. At West Canaan there is one store, doing a very exten- sive business. Before the days of railroads, Canaan Street was the mart for trade of a large surround- ing country, being situated on the turnpike, over which the stages and big teams used to pass, but the thriving villages of East and West Canaan, and Enfield, have secured much of its former prestige. It is a very pleasant village about two miles from East Canaan station, and a desirable location for any one to reside in. It is on the bor- ders of a beautiful lake, and con- sists of a single straight street, a mile in length, lined on both sides by magnificent shade trees, while the residences are neat and tasty. The town house, academy, two churches and two stores are loca- ted here. A mile beyond this is Factory Village, also a lively place, containing one store, and several manufactories.
Mascoma River, which rises in the north-west part of Dorchester, winds through this town, affording some of the finest privileges in the State, but very few of which are improved. The principal ponds in this town are the Heart, Goose, Clarke, Mud and Bear Ponds.
Heart Pond, so called from its peculiar form, is situated near Canaan street, upon a swell of land so elevated that at a distance, it presents the appearance of a small lake on a hill. There is an appar- ently artificial embankment nearly around the pond, from four to five feet high; but from frequent ob- servations, it is found to have been produced by the drifting of the ice. when breaking up in the Spring ..
d
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NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER.
The pond is 500 rods in length, and 200 in width.
The largest portion of the peo- ple are engaged in agriculture ; although all vocations of industry are pursued, which are usually found in a New England village.
There are also several exten- sively engaged in the lumbering business, and 25,000 clapboards, 2,250,000 shingles and 3,550,000 feet of boards, &c., are annually sawed; 15,000 bushels of grain ground, besides straw-board and various other manufactures. The total value of goods of all kinds, annually manufactured is $124,900. (See tables).
Agricultural productions, $119, 520; mechanical labor, $35,800; money at interest, $28,050; depos- its in savings banks, $48,614; stock in trade, $34,900 ; professional bus- iness, $10,000.
Churches and Schools. Baptist, no pastor; Methodist, Rev. Morey Bean, pastor; Methodist at East Canaan, Rev. S. C. Farnham, pas- tor. There are twenty school dis- tricts; and twenty-two schools in town; average length of schools for the year, seventeen weeks; amount of money annually ap- propriated for school purposes, $ 2,331.16.
Literary Institution, &c. Canaan Tnion Academy, Herbert F. Nor- ris, Principal. There is, at East Canaan, a Library Association, owning a Library of some 400 vol- umes, to which an addition of near- ly 100 volumes is now annually made.
Hotel. The only Hotel in town is the Union Hotel at East Canaan.
First Settlers. This town was granted to sixty-two persons (all of whom except ten were) from
Canaan, Connecticut, in 1761. The first settlement was in the winter of 1776, by John Scofield. He brought all the property he possessed on a hand-sled, a distance of fourteen miles. George and Joshua Norris, Samuel Jones, Samuel Meacham, and Thomas Miner came soon after. Jonathan Dustin, a native of Haverhill, Mas- sachusetts, died here, July 4, 1812, aged 96 years. He was grandson to the intrepid Hannah Dustin, who slew ten Indians on an Island near the mouth of the Contoocook river, in 1697, to regain her liberty so ruthlessly taken from her by the savages.
A Baptist church was organized in this town in 1780. Many diffi- culties were encountered and con- siderable opposition was manifest- ed in establishing this church. In 1783, Rev. Thomas Baldwin, D.D., was ordained and settled over it, and remained until 1790, when he removed to Boston. Dr. Baldwin frequently visited Concord, on foot, through the wilderness. It was on one of these solitary walks, in his meditation on the unity of God's people, if they faithfully followed His word, that he composed the fa- miliar and beautiful stanzas com- mencing with :
" From whence doth this union arise ?"
Boundaries. North by Dorches- ter, east by Orange, south by En- field, and west by Hanover. Area of improved land 20,403 acres.
Distances. Forty miles north- west from Concord, and twenty- five south of Haverhill.
Railroad. Northern (N. H.) railroad passes through the south- ern part of the town. "Canaan" and " West Canaan" are the sta- tions. Mail stage from West
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CANDIA-CANTERBURY.
Rumney, Tuesdays and Saturdays ; to Canaan Street and Factory Vil- lage, daily.
CANDIA.
ROCKINGHAM COUNTY. The soil of Candia is hard of cultiva- tion, but through the energy and industry of the inhabitants, they get a good return for their labor.
Scenery. The site of the town is elevated and commands an ex- tensive view of the rich scenery of the adjacent country for many miles around, including the White hills, the Wachusetts, the lights on Plum Island, and the ocean.
Rivers. Two branches of the Lamprey River take their rise in this town, and afford some water power, which is generally im- proved.
Employments. Farming is the principal employment of the in- habitants, there being many excel- lent farms, from which much pro- duce is raised which finds a ready market in the city of Manchester. Considerable manufacturing is carried on, there being nearly two hundred males and females em- ployed in the various manufacto- ries in town. Many are engaged in making men and women's boots and shoes, there being over 300,000 pairs manufactured annu- ally, for which the workmen re- ceive for their labor, nearly $60,000. Five thousand cases of stock are brought from out of the State, all prepared to be made into shoes.
Resources. Annual productions of the soil, valued at $117,413; an- nual value of mechanical labor, $60,200 ; deposits in savings banks, $128,288; value of stocks, bonds, and money at interest, $7,500;
stock in trade, $9,200; professional business, $10,000.
Library. Farmers' & Mechan- ics.
First Settlers. William Turner, John Sargent and others, came here in 1748. It was formerly called Charmingfare; the first vis- itors being so well pleased with its site, as a place of residence. The town received its present name in compliment to Governor Benning Wentworth, who was once a pris- oner on the island of Candia, in the Mediteranean Sea.
First Ministers. Rev. David Jewett settled in 1771; removed in 1780. Rev Joseph Prince, or- dained in 1782; removed in 1789. Rev. Jesse Remington, ordained in 1790; died in 1815.
Boundaries. North by Deer- field, east by Raymond, south by Auburn and Chester, and west by Hooksett. Area, 17,743 acres.
Distances. Eighteen miles south- east from Concord, and about thir- ty miles west from Portsmouth.
Railroad. The Concord and Portsmouth Railroad.
CANTERBURY.
MERRIMACK COUNTY. There are some very fine interval farms on the Merrimack river, but further back from the river the town is uneven, the more hilly parts afford- ing fine pasturage. The soil is generally good, and produces fine crops of corn, oats, potatoes, and hay. Much attention, for the past few years, has been given to agri- culture, and some of the best prac- tical farmers and producing farms in the State, are to be found in Canterbury.
Hills. There is a high ridge of land extending along the line be-
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NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER.
tween this town and Northfield, which affords a fine view of the surrounding country.
Ponds and Streams. There are several ponds in town, which give rise to small streams, furnishing some good mill sites.
Shakers. In the south-east part of Canterbury, is the neat and quiet, though busy, village of the Shakers, a sect of Christians first known in this Country about the year 1774, when the founder, Ann Lee, came to New York from Liv- erpool.
The covenantal relation of the society was established in 1792, from which covenant we extract the following article, showing briefly their religious obligations.
Article Four. We solemnly and conscientiously dedicate, devote and give up ourselves and services, together with all our temporal in- terest, to God and his people, to be under the care and direction of such elders, deacons or trustees as have been, or may hereafter be es- tablished in the Church, according to the first article of this covenant.
They subscribe to no sectarian creed, but believe that as many as are led by the spirit of God, will become the children of God. The foundation upon which they build their faith is :
1st, Separation from the world. 2nd, Confession of sin.
3d, United inheritance.
*4th, A virgin or pure life.
Shaker Village is situated about twelve miles north-east from the city of Concord. It is built on a high elevation of land, and com- mands an extensive view of the surrounding country, being 440 feet higher than the ground at the State House in Concord ..
We learn from the State Geolog- ical report of 1841, by Dr. Charles T. Jackson, that the latitude of the village, by meridional altitude of the Sun, is north 43 deg. 21 min. 21 sec.
In the society there are now one hundred and fifty members. The central executive is vested in the order of ministry, consisting of two brethren and two sisters, while the direct spiritual charge of each family, however, is under the direction of an order of Elders, two of each sex.
Besides the various dwellings, work-shops, barns, &c., they have two offices or dwellings for the re- ception of all company not of the order, who visit them on business, or to see their friends. The meet- ing-house, belonging to the order, was built in 1792, and still retains its primitive form.
Their school is as well furnished and directed as any in the town.
They own some 2,500 acres of land, most of which is situated near the village. The soil, is largely composed of Granite, is very poor, and being abundantly filled and covered with ledges and bowlders, proves very hard for til- lage. They have, however, by un- tiring industry and care, been able to bring a large tract of land un- der excellent cultivation, so that the best of plows and harrows break their land, while the hay crop, consisting of 300 tons or more, is secured by the first class mowing machines, hay tedders, and horse rakes, that are found in the market.
Their largest barn is 240 feet long, and 45 feet wide. They keep not far from one hundred head of cattle, a team of ten yoke of work-
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CANTERBURY.
ing oxen, fourteen horses, one hundred and fifty sheep, three hundred hens, and four hogs. The Shakers, throughout the United States, by universal consent, aban- doned the use of swine's flesh, in its every form, as an article of diet, as early as 1845.
The manufactures consist of a series of washing machines, adapt- ed to hotels, laundries, &c., a mangler, consisting of a box and appurtenances, weighing some 1,500 pounds, for the ironing of clothes. Both of the above are operated by steam. Corbett's Syr- up . of Sarsaparilla, bearing an unquestionable reputation of forty years; corn brooms and brushes, flannel and knit goods, stocking yarn, pure oil of Wintergreen, maple syrup, and tubs, are also made by them.
They have several maple orch- ards, from which they obtain some three or four thousand pounds of sugar. The assessed value of their real estate is thirty-one thousand dollars; and their State, County, town, and school tax, for 1872, was $1,103.58.
Eight artificial ponds or reser- voirs arranged in one continuous line. the first being placed some three miles north of the village, compose the water power. The mills, situated on these ponds, are for carding and spinning wool, weaving and coloring and dressing cloth, grinding of grain for flour and meal, sawing of timber and wood, for the manufacture of tubs, pails, broom handles, and for the turning of wood and iron, &c., &c.
The water which supplies the village, is brought in an aqueduct, a distance of nearly a mile.
Resources. Annual productions
of the soil, $ 172,403; from mechan- ical labor, $ 6,000; money at inter- est, $ 9,450; deposits in savings banks, $ 56,418; from summer tourists, $5,000.
Churches and Schools. There are three churches viz. Congrega- tional, James Doldt, Pastor; Free Will Baptist, Jeremiah Clough, Pastor; and the Shaker Church. There are eleven schools in town. Average length of schools for the year, twenty weeks.
First Settlers. This town was granted to Richard Waldron and others in 1727. Like many of our early settlements, the inhabitants were exposed to the inroads of the Indians. A great number of horrid murders were committed. For a number of years, the pioneer cleared and tilled his land, under the protection of a guard, while pursuing his daily toil, uncertain whether the seed he sowed, might not be dampened by his blood, or that of an enemy. In 1738, two men, by the names of Blanchard and Shepherd, were ambushed, but through determined resistance, Shepherd succeeded in making his escape, but Blanchard was killed.
First Ministers. Rev. Abiel Fos- ter, ordained in 1761, dismissed in 1779. Mr. Foster, in a great degree possessed the confidence of the people. He held several responsible offices in town, and in 1783 was elected to Congress. He was suc- cessively returned to Congress for nearly all the time, until 1804. He died in 1806. Rev. Frederick Par- ker ordained in 1791, died in 1802.
Boundaries. North-east by Bel- mont and Gilmanton, east by Gil- manton and Loudon, south by Loudon and Concord, west by Merrimack river, which separates
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NEW-HAMPSHIRE GAZETTEER.
it from Boscawen, and north by Northfield. Area, 26,345 acres.
Distances. Eight miles north from Concord. Railroad, Boston, Concord and Montreal.
CARROLL.
Coos COUNTY. This town lies at the north-western base of the White Mountains. Its surface pre- sents a rugged and mountainous appearance, and the scenery is wild and romantic. The soil in some parts is strong, deep and pro- ductive; but the larger portion of the town still remains a dense for- est of maple, pine, hemlock and spruce. Large tracts of this timber land are owned by Messrs. A. L. & W. G. Brown & Co., engaged in the lumber business, at Whitefield.
Mountains and Rivers. Pondi- cherry Mountain is situated in the north part, between this town and Jefferson, and is of considerable elevation.
John's and Israel's rivers, have their rise, in part, in this town; and the head waters of the Am- monoosuc from the neighboring mountains, unite and also pass through here.
Summer Resorts. The wild, pic- turesque, and romantic scenery, which surrounds this town on every side, has caused it to become a popular resort for tourists. A branch of the Montreal railroad, called the "Wing road" starts from Bethlehem and now (1873) extends six miles to the Twin Mountain, which is eleven miles from the base of Mount Washing- ton. This road will be extended towards Mount Washington next year. For the accommodation of travellers, there are now three large hotels, viz., Twin Mountain
House, White Mountain House, and Fabyan. This house has been erected upon the ashes of the old Fabyan House, and was opencd for travellers the present season (1873). It is large and commodious, and no doubt will meet with success. These three houses will accommo- date over seven hundred guests ut one time. The people are largely engaged in hotel and lumber busi- ness, although in proportion to the number of inhabitants, farming is not neglected, compared with the towns in the county. Lumber to the value of $ 42,400 is annually sawed; and 100 tons starch, valued at $ 8,200 is made.
Resources. Productions of the soil, $ 35,997; mechanical labor, $ 13,500; deposits in savings banks, $ 80; from summer tourists, $ 50, 000; stock in trade, $ 12,357.
Churches and Schools. Baptist, Royal Berry, pastor. There are four schools in town, average length for the year, twenty-one weeks.
First Settlements. Carroll was originally named "Britton Woods" and was granted to Sir Thomas Wentworth, Rev. Samuel Langdon and eighty-one others in 1772. It was incorporated, under its present name, June 22, 1832.
Boundaries. North by Jeffer- son, east by the White Mountain territory, south by ungranted land and west by Bethlehem and White- field. Area 24,640 acres; area of improved land, 2,915 acres.
Distances. About one hundred and twenty miles north from Con- cord, and eighteen south-east from Lancaster.
Railroads. Wing Railroad, a branch of the Montreal, extends into this town. Also Brown's lumber railroad, from Whitefield.
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CENTER HARBOR.
CENTER HARBOR.
BELKNAP COUNTY. The surface of Center Harbor is uneven, but the soil is very good, mostly a rich loam. The town is located be- tween Winnipiseogee and Squam lakes. The little village called " Center Harbor," is located in two towns, viz., Moultonborough, and Center Harbor. The village is delightfully situated on the bank of the Winnipiseogee, and is sur- rounded by some of the finest scenery in this country. Red hill, in Moultonborough, is near this village, and is easy of access from the Hotels, where horses and car- riages are in constant readiness for the accommodation of all persons who are desirous of visiting Red Hill or the surrounding country.
Steamboats, through the warm weather, constantly ply between this town and Weir's Landing, near the Montreal Railroad, Meredith, Alton Bay, Wolfeborough, Di- mond's Island, and other places of interest around the lake. For delightful scenery and varied recreations, Centre Harbor and its surroundings are not to be ex- celled by any summer resort, in the State. The estimated number of summer boarders who spend the warm weather here, is six hundred. Thousands call at the various hotels for a dinner, a day, or a week, who are not included in this number.
Travelers, from New York, will secure a direct route to this place, by taking the Norwich line of steamers on Long Island Sound at 5 o'clock P. M .; thence over the Norwich and Worcester railroad to Worcester; thence over the Worcester and Nashua railroad to Nashua; thence over the Concord
railroad to Concord; thence over the Boston, Concord and Montreal railroad to Weir's Landing, on Lake Winnipiseogee. From thence a delightful steamboat ride on the lake, of ten miles, brings you to the Senter, Moulton, and Lake Houses, and to your journey's end.
Employments. The inhabitants are generally employed in farming and keeping summer boarders. 150,000 feet of lumber is annually sawed, and 15,000 pairs of sale shoes are made.
Resources. Productions of the soil, $ 52,325; mechanical labor, $ 6,100; stocks and money at in- terest, $ 3,730; deposits in savings banks, $4,627; estimated amount from summer tourists, $ 50,000; stock in trade, $ 3,150.
Churches and Schools. Two
churches, Congregational and Freewill Baptist. There are eight schools in town; average length for the year, sixteen weeks.
Library. Y. M. C. A. Library. Hotels. Senter House, Moulton House and Lake House.
First Settlers. The first settlers were Ebenezer Chamberlain and Colonel Joseph Senter, who came from Manchester (then London- derry) via. the Merrimack river in 1765. They constructed a boat of such light material as to be ea- sily transported around the Falls. In this boat the families embarked with their provisions, and house- hold goods, and passed up the river about sixty miles and arrived at their log cabin on the shore of the lake, in about the same time it now takes a steamer to cross the Atlantic. The town derived its name from Colonel Senter, but the spelling was changed, probably for its central location on the lake.
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