USA > New Jersey > Essex County > Newark > A History of the city of Newark, New Jersey : embracing practically two and a half centuries, 1666-1913, Volume II > Part 43
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St. Antoninus' Church, 337 South Orange avenue, at the corner of South Ninth street, was founded in 1875 by the Dominican Fathers. For a time services were held in a house on Bank street, near Eighth. Later a small frame church on Ninth street was erected, and used until 1882. On May 14, 1882, a new church on South Orange avenue was dedicated. The parish school was founded in 1882. In 1912 was laid the cornerstone of a large edifice. The basement is now used for services. The rectors have been: Rov. Fathers Stophen Byrne, 1875-78; H. D. Hoban, 1878-81; J. P. Turner, 1881-87; J. A. Rochford, 1887-90; E. V. Flood, 1890-93; J. F. Colbert, 1893-99; J. R. Meagher, 1899-1905; F. A. Gaffney, 1905-1908, and the present rector and prior, Rev. J. R. Heffernan, appointed in 1908.
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St. Michael's Church, 172 Belleville avenue, near Fourth avenue, was founded in 1878, the parish having been organized by Rev. Patrick Leonard. The cornerstone of the present building was laid June 16, 1878, and the dedicating was done in January, 1879. That year the rectory also was built. In 1881 a school and convent were erected. In 1886 a chime of belly was hung in the tower, and October 7, 1887, the church, having become free from debt, was consecrated. In 1893 a new school and convent were erected. In 1902 the interior of the church was redecorated. At present (1913) a complete renovation is being carried out. The rectors have been: Rev. Fathers Patrick Leonard, 1878, until his death, November 26, 1892; Denis J. McCartie, 1892-1913, and the present rector, Rev. F. M. O'Neill, appointed in July, 1913.
St. Aloysius', at the Bowery and Freeman streets, was founded in 1879. On July 26, 1879, Rev. Walter M. A. Fleming was appointed to be rector, with no land, church, or house, but only an old frame building called St. Thomas' School. From nothing he built up a strong parish. The corner- ; stone of the church was laid June 20, 1880, and the dedicating was accom- plished May 8, 1881. The rectory was built in 1882, and the convent in 1884. A new schoolhouse was completed in November, 1886, the parish school called St. Thomas having been founded in 1874. The rectors have been : Rev. Fathers Walter M. A. Fleming, until his death in January, 1892; Michael A. McManus, 1892-1909, and the present rector, Rev. George L. Fitzpatrick, appointed in 1909.
St. Anne's Church (German), 103 Sixteenth avenue, was organized in 1888. The first mass was celebrated September 23, 1888, in a store- room. The cornerstone of the church was laid October 21 of the same year. The parish is now equipped with church, school, convent and rectory. The school was founded in 1889. The rectors have been: Fathers A. Kammer, October 4, 1888, to 1903; Joseph Gruber, 1903-08, and the present rector, Rev. Theodore Peters, appointed in 1908.
St. Bridget's Church, 406 Plane street, was founded January 5, 1887. Mass for the first time was celebrated in the small building that is now used for a school, April 3, 1887. The first pastor was Rev. Michael J. White. He was transferred on September 14, 1896, to St. Columba's. The cornerstone of the present church was laid October 18, 1891, and the dedi- cating followed on June 12, 1892. Father White's successor was Rev. Eugene P. Carroll, who served from 1896 until 1912. The present rector is Rev. Samuel B. Hedges, appointed in 1912. The parish school was founded in 1888.
St. Rose of Lima Church, Warren and Gray streets, was founded in. 1888. The edifice in use was formerly the Roseville Methodist Church. The present rector, Rev. J. J. Mckeever, was appointed December 6, 1888. For a year services were held in the old skating rink at Orange and Sixth streets. Then a church was built at Orange and Gray streets, and used three years. The present building was bought October 14, 1891. In 1908 the cornerstone of a school to cost $125,000, on the site of the first church at Gray and Orange, was laid. The congregation in twenty-five years has grown from 30 to 4,000. The parish school was founded in 1892. Howard Garis, a member of the parish, and the author of the "Bedtime Stories," is preparing a sketch of this church for Father Mckeever's twenty-fifth anniversary.
St. Stanislaus' (Polislı) Church, 144 Belmont avenue, was founded in 1888. Three lots were soon bought, and a frame building occupied. The
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present brick and stone structure was dedicated on December 15, 1901. The parish school was founded in 1898. The rectors have been: Rev. Fathers J. Machnikowski, 1889; A. Klawiter, C. Labuzinski, until 1895; Valentine Chlebowski, 1895; H. Kwiatkowski, E. Kucharski, Vitus J. Masnicki, February 29, 1896, to 1909. The present rector is Rev. Francis Rolinski, who came in 1909.
St. Philip Neri's (Italian) Church, 12 Court House place, was founded in August, 1888. Some of the rectors have been: Fathers C. Shotthoeffer, 1891; F. Morelli, 1895-1904; John Vogel, 1905; Patrick G. Brown (approxi- mately), 1906-09; Rev. August G. Gough, 1909-13, and the present rector, Rev. Joseph Prancerici, appointed in 1913.
The Sacred Heart Church, 93 Parker street, was erected in 1890, on the cathedral property. The original edifice was a frame building. A brick structure was added the next year. To the south stands the great cathedral waiting its completion. The parish school was founded in 1890. About 1900 the convent was built. The rectors have been: Rev. Fathers Michael A. McManus, 1890, to February, 1892; J. J. Brennan, 1892, until his death, March 20, 1897, and the present incumbent, Rev. J. J. Sheehan, appointed in 1897.
Our Lady of Mount Carmel (Italian) Church, at the corner of Ferry and Macwhorter streets, was founded in 1890. The edifice in use was formerly the Second Reformed Dutch Church. The parish school was founded in 1899. The rectors have been: Rev. Fathers Conrad M. Shott- hoefer, D. D., 1890; Joseph Ali, and the present rector, Rev. Ernest D'Aquila, appointed in 1893.
St. Lucy's (Italian) Church was incorporated September 30, 1891, by Bishop Wigger. The cornerstone of the edifice was laid December 13, 1891. The church was ministered to by Rev. Conrad M. Shotthoefer, of Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church, until early in 1893. Then Rev. . Antonio Saponio labored until October, 1895, and on the 25th of that month Rev. Felix Morelli, of St. Philip's, was given charge of the mission. On December 20, 1897, Rev. Joseph Perotti was made administrator, and November 17, 1899, was made pastor, which office he still holds. The parish school was founded in 1904.
The Sacred Heart Church of Vailsburg, South Orange avenue and Sand- ford street, was founded October 11, 1892. The first rector was Rev. James McManus, at that time a professor at Seton Hall College. The parish school was founded in 1893. Father McManus was succeeded by the present rector, Rev. Henry G. Coyne, who was appointed November 16, 1912.
St. Mary Magdalen's Church, at 27 Esther street, was separated on July 22, 1893, from the parish of St. Aloysius. The church was built by Father Fleming, of St. Aloysius. The first rector was Rev. William J. Wiseman, who served from 1893 until his death, October 14, 1897. On November 19, 1897, Rev. Patrick Smith was appointed. He was succeeded by Fathers George F. Brown, 1901-05; J. J. Mulhall, 1906-11. The present pastor, Rev. T. E. O'Shea, was appointed in 1911. The parish school was founded in 1894.
St. Rocco's (Italian) Church, Morris avenue, was founded August 5, 1899, when Rev. James Zuccarelli was appointed to open a new mission in this neighborhood. The cornerstone of the church was laid March 12, 1900. The dedicating occurred on May 30, 1900. The parish school was founded in 1906. The present rector is Rev. Vincenzo Sansone.
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St. Stephen's (Polish) Church, 223 Bruce street, was founded in 1900. The edifice was dedicated December 14, 1902. Rev. Polycarp Scherer, of St. Mary's, was the first rector, and the work, until August 18, 1901, was in the care of his assistant, Rev. Immanuel Zdenck. Other rectors have been: Rev. Julius Szabo, December, 1901, to October, 1902; Paul Viragh, Joseph Pospech, November 3, 1902. The present rector is Rev. Charles Weisser.
Our Lady of Good Counsel Church, 646 Summer avenue, was founded December 25, 1901, when Rev. William J. Richmond, who is still rector, was appointed to begin work in the neighborhood. Twenty-four lots bounded by Summer avenue, Heller Parkway and Woodside avenue were purchased. The parish was incorporated January 11, 1902, with Father Richmond as pastor. Services were first held in the old Morton House, 37 Carteret street, purchased by the parish. The cornerstone of the present church was laid September 6, 1903, and the dedicating was accomplished December 6, 1903.
The Blessed Sacrament Church, corner of Clinton avenue and Van Ness place, was founded in 1902. Services were held for six months after April, 1902, in the home of Frank J. Finley, 34 Homestead Park. The cornerstone of a frame church was laid at the corner of Clinton place and Millington avenue September 27, 1903, and November 26, 1903, it was dedicated. These first steps were taken under the direction of Rev. Joseph C. Dunn, of St. Leo's, Irvington. Rev. Frederick C. O'Neill was appointed pastor early in 1904, and still remains. Through his exertions the present beautiful edifice was built. It was dedicated on October 5, 1913. The cost was $130,000. The property near the church cost in all about $55,000.
St. Casimer's (Polish) Church was founded in September, 1908. Rev. Julius Mantouffel was pastor in 1911; the present pastor is Rev. Paul Knappek. St. Charles Borromeo's Church, Center and Peshine avenues, was founded in April, 1910, by Rev. Frederick' C. O'Neill, of the Blessed Sacra- ment; the present rector is Rev. Thomas A. Walsh. Holy Trinity ( Lithuan- ian) Church, 295 Adams street, is a new organization. The `pastor in 1911 was Rev. Vincent Stachniewiez; the present pastor is Rev. Francis Jakoztys. St. Francis Xavier Chapel of St. Michael's Church, on North Seventh street, was recently founded. In 1910 Rev. Denis J. McCartie was in charge of the mission and Sunday school.
THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
The First United Presbyterian Church, Belleville avenue, opposite Gouverneur street, was organized in May, 1832, and was known as the Scotch Presbyterian Church. For about ten years the church was located at 86 Catharine street. It was reorganized in November, 1850. When the Universalists in 1851 removed from 16 Clinton street, nearly opposite Beaver, to Library Hall, the Scotch Church began to occupy the abandoned site. The Free Presbyterian Church, now the First Congregational, had occupied the same site until 1835 or 1836. The Scotch Church remained in Clinton street until it removed in 1888 to its present quarters, where formerly the Mount Pleasant Baptist Church had worshipped. One of the early pastors was Rev. James Williamson, who served from 1839 to 1843. The pastors of the church, since reorganized in 1850 as the First United Presbyterian, have been: David Donnan, December, 1851, to September 24, 1862; J. M. Heron, 1864; A. A. McConnell, April, 1866, to April 13, 1868; Archibald Crawford, August 25, 1869, to September, 1876; William M. Gibson, D. D., October 18, 1878, to February 7, 1881; Davis W. Lusk, D. D., March 22, 1881, to June
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19, 1883; R. T. Wylie, May, 1885, to December 27, 1886; John A. Shaw, September 13, 1887, to May 2, 1897; D. C. Stewart, September 7, 1897, to March 24, 1901; McElwee Ross, October 27, 1901, to January 9, 1906; R. R. Littell, October 9, 1906, to January 5, 1910, and the present pastor, Rev. I. McGay Knipe, who took charge September 1, 1910.
THE UNIVERSALIST CHURCH.
The Church of the Redeemer, 935 Broad street, was organized in 1834. For eighteen years it worshipped at 16 Clinton street, in a building gotten from the Free Presbyterians. There was a division in 1852 and a second society was formed. The older church removed to Library Ilall, and the new body began services in what was known as the Insurance building. In 1858 the older church went into an edifice on Fair street, near Broad, where now is the Central railroad freight yard, while in 1853 the new body had gone into an edifice erected at 84 Halsey street, opposite Cedar, and had become known as the Church of the Messiah. On February 3, 1862, the First Church, on Fair street, and the Church of the Messiah, on Halsey, were united in one congregation, and worship was held in the Fair street edifice. The Halsey street edifice was sold to St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church the same year. The first pastor of the united churches was Rev. C. W. Biddle, who had been for the preceding two years the pastor of the Messiah Church. On April 9, 1872, was laid the cornerstone of the present Church of the Redeemer, the incorporated title of which is the Union Universalist Society. The dedication took place Wednesday, March 26, 1873, at 2 p. m. This occurred during the pastorate of Rev. J. G. Bartholomew. The present pastor, Rev. Henry R. Rose, B. D., has brought the church to a position of influence and popularity. The pastors of the original church were: L. C. Martin, 1837-38; Mr. LeFevre, 1838-39; B. B. Hallock, 1839-40; Mr. Raynor, 1843-44; James Gallagher, 1845-51; O. W. Wight, 1851-53; Asher Moore, 1853-56, and A. St. John Chambre, 1856-62. The pastors of the Second Church, or Messiah, were: J. H. Farnsworth, 1852-53; E. Francis, 1853-60, and C. W. Biddle, 1860-62. The pastors of the united church were: C. W. Biddle, D. D., 1862-63; A. G. Laurie, 1863-66; W. E. Gibbs, D. D., 1866-70; Sumner Ellis, D. D., 1870-72; John Bartholomew, D. D., 1872-74; J. E. For- rester, D). D., 1874-79; J. C. Snow, D. D., 1880-83; W. S. Crowe, D. D., 1884-1908; G. E. Mellwaine, 1897-98, and the present pastor, Rev. Henry R. Rose, B. D., who came in 1898.
THE LUTHERAN CHURCHES.
The Lutheran churches of Newark are connected with various superior bodies. The General Council of Lutheran Churches, of which Rev. William Seick, D. D., of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is the secretary, has the largest representation.
St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church, Avon avenue and South Tenth street, was organized October 10, 1833, by Rev. Frederick William Geissen- hainer, D. D., president of the New York Ministerium. This church is claimed as the oldest Lutheran church in New Jersey. The first services were held in a hall over a carpenter shop on Harrison street (now Halsey), between Market and William streets. Later the congregation worshipped at Market and Beaver streets. The first edifice was dedicated November 10, 1840. It was located at what was then 28 Mechanic street, on the north side
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and between Broad and Mulberry streets. In March, 1862, the edifice of the Church of the Messiah (Universalist), at 84 Halsey street, opposite Cedar, was purchased, and there the congregation worshipped until the present church on Avon avenue was opened in 1910. During the pastorate of Rev. John Frederick Marschoff, and about 1840 a division occurred, and a new church, St. John's German Lutheran, now at 140 Court street, was formed. The pastors of St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church have been: L. Schmidt, during 1833; Philip Merkle, April 13, 1834, to October 2, 1835; F. Winkler, October 2, 1835, to December 6, 1840; John F. Marschoff, 1840-55; Pastors Seibel and H. Raegener, 1855-57; A. Ebert, 1857-67; Philip Krug, 1867-93; G. Doering, April, 1893, to 1903, and the present pastor, in whose ministry the present handsome edifice was built and the congregation removed to the new site, Rev. O. E. Braune, who took charge June 21, 1903.
St. John's German Lutheran Church, 140 Court street, was originally a part of what is now known as St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church, located at Avon avenue and South Tenth street, but then at 28 Mechanic street. This division in the original Lutheran church of Newark occurred soon after 1840, during the pastorate of Rev. F. G. Marshoff, and it caused litigation running through more than a decade. It is too intricate a subject for brief treatment here. The outgoing members about 1858 built an edifice at 81 West street, and later in 1867 the present church and parsonage were erected. It should be said that this church has always claimed to be a con- tinuation of the original church, claiming its pastors to be the successors of the early pastors, whose names are as follows: L. Schmidt, 1833; Philip Merkle, 1834-35; F. Winkler, 1835-40; J. F. Marschoff, 1840-55. The pas- tors after the division were: George Tuerk, 1855-66; John F. Steiner, 1867-69; William Rieb, 1869-1905, and the present pastor, Rev. Bernard Pick, Ph. D., who came in 1905.
St. Paul's German Evangelical Lutheran Church, 398 Bergen street, was founded in 1867 by Pastor Stuecklin, of the Lutheran Synod of Pennsylvania. His successors have been: Pastors Leonberger, Maas, Gerndt, Steinhauser, D. Behrens, E. J. Schmidt, John Stachli, P. Leonhardt, and since 1897, the present pastor, Rev. Max A. L. Hirsch. This church declined during the early years of its history, and was transferred to the care of the Evangelical Synod of North America and also to that of the New York Ministerium. Under the present pastorate it has prospered, and is now since 1899 inde- pendent.
The Grace English Lutheran Church, 15 Mercer street, was organized in 1889. For a time services were held in the Kremlin building, 870 Broad street. The present edifice was erected in 1895, during the present pastorate. The pastors have been: A. M. Weber, 1889-90; George Gardner, 1890-92, and the present pastor, Rev. M. S. Waters, who took charge June 3, 1893.
The Emmanuel Lutheran Church (Swedish), Bruce street, near Warren, occupies the building formerly used by the West Presbyterian Church. Emmanuel was organized about 1898. It was a mission of the Gustaf Vasa Church of Arlington. The first pastor was Rev. Mr. Danielson. He was followed by Rev. Nils W. Swenson, in 1901. The present pastor is Rev. August S. Pearson.
The Holy Trinity Slavonic Lutheran Church, 177 East Kinney street, was organized on November 18, 1902. The pastor is Rev. Ludwig Novemesky, who was the organizer of the church. The building in use formerly was Hope Chapel, a mission of the Clinton Avenue Reformed Church.
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The Trinity English Lutheran Church, Waverly, near Eighteenth avenue, is under the jurisdiction of the General Synod. It was organized in 1904. The first pastor was Rev. H. S. Rhodes. He was followed in September, 1907, by the present pastor, Rev. W. H. W. Reimer.
The Evangelical Lutheran, St. Matthew's Congregation, 282 Peshine avenue, was organized in 1903, and the church was built in 1908. This church is under the Synodical Conference, and under the Synod of Missouri. The pastor is Rev. William C. Schmidt, who occupies the manse built several years ago. The church became self-supporting in 1913.
THE JEWISH SYNAGOGUES.
The Jewish element in the population of Newark has increased greatly during the past quarter of a century. At the present time a conservative estimate places their number at 50,000. There are eleven synagogues, or congregations.
The Congregation B'nai Jeshurun, at 324 Washington street, soon to remove to a new synagogue at the corner of High street and Waverly avenue, is the oldest Jewish congregation in Newark. It was founded August 20, 1848. Services for a time were held in a private house on Washington street, and later in a building at the corner of Academy and Washington streets. The congregation was then orthodox. In 1858 a synagogue was erected at the corner of Washington and William streets. The second edifice was erected at 324 Washington street, and was dedicated August 29, 1868. In 1857 the orthodox members of this congregation went out to form the Congregation B'nai Abraham, locating their first edifice at Bank and High streets. The rabbis over this congregation have been: Isaac Schwartz, 1858; Sigmund Kaufman, 1860; I. Seligman, 1865; then came Rev. Joseph Leucht, the present Rabbi Emeritus, and entered office on August 29, 1868, with whom, in 1902, was associated Rev. Solomon Foster, who now is the rabbi.
The Congregation B'nai Abraham, at High street and Thirteenth ave- nue, was organized in 1857. The first edifice was erected at Bank and Washington streets. The present handsome synagogue was erected in 1899. This congregation was the first colony to go out from the mother church, B'nai Jeshurun. The rabbis have been: Isador Kalisch, Meyer S. Hood, Bergman, N. G. Solomon, Joseph Goldstein, and the present rabbi, Rev. Julius Silverfeld, who came in 1901.
The Congregation Oheb-Shalom, on High street, between West Kinney and Montgomery streets, was organized in 1860. The founder and first rabbi was Rev. Isaac Schwartz, previously of the Congregation B'nai Jeshurun. On September 14, 1884, a fine synagogue at 30 Prince street was dedicated. In 1910 the cornerstone of the present beautiful synagogue was laid, and in 1911 it was opened for worship. At the dedication Governor Woodrow Wilson, of New Jersey, now President of the United States, deliv- ered an address. This synagogue has a branch of the Free Public Library in the basement. It was in 1913 the first congregation in Newark to provide a common booth for the Succoth, so that members unable to erect booths at home because of city conditions might through its use fulfill the require- ments of their religion. According to the Jewish Encyclopaedia, some of the rabbis liave been: L. Zinsler, B. Drachman and Bernard Glueck. The pres- ent rabbi is Rev. Charles I. Hoffman, who took charge in 1906. The cantor is Rev. Moses Gann.
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The Congregation Anshe Russia worships in a synagogue at 222 West Kinney street, which was erected in 1890. The rabbi is Rev. Hyman Brodsky. The cantor is Rev. Elias Zanitsky.
The Congregation Adath Y'Israel Mishnayes, 30 Prince street, occupies the edifice formerly owned by Oheb-Shalom. This congregation was formed in 1911 by the union of the Congregation Adath Israel, of Bedford street, and Mishaynes, of 11 Jones street. The rabbi is Rev. Harris Orlansky, and the cantor is Rev. A. Levine.
The Congregation Rouso of Ahawo is at 48 North Canal street; the rabbi is Rev. Moses Alderstein. The Synagogue Ein Jacob, 11 Jones street, was formerly at 105 Prince street. The change was made within the last two years; the rabbi is Rev. A. Scher. The Synagogue Torath Emeth, Jeffer- son street, near Ferry, was built in 1911; the rabbi is Rev. Jacob Meyerson, and the cantor is Rev. Louis Goldstein. The Synagogue Anshe Warsaw, 47 Bedford street, occupies the edifice of Aguadas Achim, an organization now extinct; it has been in existence but a few months; the rabbi is Rev. Aaron A. Cohen, and the cantor is Rev. S. Shildkret. The Congregation Anshe Roumania, Prince street, is a new organization; the rabbi is Rev. Alter Schechter, and the cantor Rev. Avigdor Polishuk. The Synagogue Kether Torah, Prince street, is also a new organization; the rabbi is Rev. Solomon Halpern.
THE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCHES.
The Congregational churches of Newark are independent organizations, but are affiliated with the Northern New Jersey Association of Congrega- tional Churches. The first church to be organized in Newark was Con- gregational, but, as elsewhere shown, it became Presbyterian before 1720. The Congregationalism now in Newark is not a survival of the original local church, but a comparatively recent slip taken from the New England stock.
The First Congregational Church, Jube Memorial Church, at the north- east corner of Clinton avenue and . Wright street, was organized June 24, 1851. This transaction was in reality reorganization, for the congregation on May 22, 1834, had been organized as the First Free Presbyterian Church, by the Presbytery of Newark. The Free Church was disconnected by act of Presbytery, June 16, 1840, and became independent as well as free. Eleven years later, after successes and reverses, it reorganized and became Con- gregational. The original wooden edifice was located on the north side of Clinton street at number 16, just east of Beaver street. It was occupied in May, 1834. This site was later abandoned and a church built across the street, at the southeast corner of Clinton and Beaver streets. The new church was dedicated March 13, 1836. The old site opposite was subse- quently occupied by the Universalist Church, and still later by the United Presbyterians. The Congregationalists remained at Clinton and Beaver streets until June 28, 1891, when their farewell service was held. Services were held in a hall until the new church on the present site was dedicated on December 21, 1892. In May, 1907, the words, Jube Memorial, in honor of the late John P. Jube, were added to the name of the church. In 1884 was published by the Daily Advertiser Press the Rev. James M. White's "A Half Century of Church Life," which contains a full history of the church to that time. It was reprinted in Shaw's "Essex and Hudson Coun- ties," in 1884. The pastors of the Free Presbyterian Church were: Peter
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