USA > New Jersey > Salem County > History of the counties of Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland New Jersey, with biographical sketches of their prominent citizens, vol. 2 > Part 73
USA > New Jersey > Gloucester County > History of the counties of Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland New Jersey, with biographical sketches of their prominent citizens, vol. 2 > Part 73
USA > New Jersey > Cumberland County > History of the counties of Gloucester, Salem, and Cumberland New Jersey, with biographical sketches of their prominent citizens, vol. 2 > Part 73
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Town of Greenwich .- The only town in it is of the same name, and stretches along the main street from the Cobansey to the Presbyterian Church at the Head of Greenwich, a distance of about one and a half miles.
Fenwick designed calling the town which he or- dered laid out where Greenwich now is by the name of Cohansey, but the settlers called it Greenwich, probably after Greenwich, Conn., from which place or its neighborhood some of the settlers had come. . The excentors of Fenwick after they laid out the town soll lots, an account of which, with the names of many of the purchasers, has already been given. The sixteen-acre lot at the wharf, on the north side
of the street, they sold to Mark Reeve. Aug. 9. 164%. and he sold to Joseph Browne, Dee. t. 1686, re-ervia: free egress to twenty square feet of ground, where his wife was buried. Browne sold a lot of fifty by finty five feet, for a Quaker meeting-house and graveyard and sold the remainder to Thoma- Chalkley, a Quaker minister, in 1768. He conveyed it to John Butler, who kept a tavern there, and sold it to Thomas Mul- ford in 1752, and he to William Connor, Oct. 25, 1755, who conveyed it to John Sheppard, Dec. 16, 1760. 11 ' is still owned by one of his descendants. In 1739, Chalkley had a survey made for him for a half-arre adjoining it, including the wharf, and in 3743 for fifteen and a half acres additional, making up hi- sixteen aeres.
Fairs .- The number of people at Cohansey, or Greenwich, increasing, the Assembly passed an act in May, 1605, for the holding of two fairs yearly " at the town of Greenwich, at Cohansey, alias Carsarea, River," the first to be held on April 24th and 25th, and the other on October 16th and 17th of each year, and enacted that it should be lawful for all persons to buy or sell all manner of lawful goods, and to be free from arrests on said days and for two days before and after the fair days, except it be for breach of the peace. These fairs were a public market, and were popular because of the freedom allowed to individ- uals and the lack of trammels upon the sales. These fairs were continued until 1765, when a law was passed abolishing them as unnecessary. Retail stores had become more plentiful, and there was not the same need of the fairs. Ebenezer Miller, who lived at Greenwich, and who was one of the members of the Assembly at that time, probably had the act passed.
In 1701 a memorial of the Proprietors, expressing their willingness to surrender the government of the province to the crown, expressed the desire that the port of Perth Amboy, in East Jersey, and the ports of Burlington and Cohansey, in West Jersey, might be established as ports of the provinces.
School Lot .- Zacharialı Barrow owned a farm ou the east side of the street, just where the street, after making a short turn to the eastward, again turns northward. By his will, executed in 1725, he devised it " for the benefit of a free school for the Township of Greenwich forever." In 1749, Ebenezer Miller had a survey laid on it to himself and two others. attorneys, constituted by the town of Greenwich, and they executed a conveyance for it to David Sheppard, subject to the payment of a yearly rent of €13, for the use of a free school to the inhabitants of the town of Greenwich within the bounds set forth in the deed. A dispute ari-ing concerning this rent, a bill in chancery was filed, and it was adjudged that it be paid for the benefit of the public schools within the bounds described in the deed, which has ever since been done.
Trade .- Up to the beginning of this century Green-
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TOWNSHIP OF GREENWICHI.
wich was the most important business-place in the county. Trade was carriedI on directly with the West Indies and other places, but it could not maintain a rivalry with Philadelphia, which finally absorbed all of the foreign trade. The firm of Wood & Sheppard did such a large business as to have bonds printed payable to them.
Ferry .- In 1767 a law was passed for the estab- lishment of a ferry across the river to Back Neck, and to lay out a road from the landing-place through the marsh to the fast land in Back Neck. The chosen frecholders of Greenwich and Fairfield made an agree- ment with John Sheppard, Jan. 8, 1768, who had bought the wharf property a few years before, where- in they leased the ferry rights to him for nine hun- dred and ninety-nine years, he agreeing to maintain the ferry in good order, keep good and sufficient boats, and maintain the roads, and he bound his property for the performance of these conditions.
In 1810 and 1820 efforts were made to have a draw- bridge built, but they did not succeed. For a num- ber of years a horse-boat was used on the ferry, but as Bridgeton and other places grew in importance, Greenwich became less so, and travel across the ferry became so infrequent that its further keeping up was quite a burden. June 11, 1838, a new agreement was made by the freeholders of Greenwich and Fairfield, whereby they agreed to release John Sheppard, son of the John who made the original agreement, from his obligation to keep up the ferry for three hundred dollars, which Mr. Sheppard accepted and paid.
Of later years Greenwich has been only a quiet country town, with very little business, but sur- rounded with a rich agricultural region, the best in the county. It is best known in history as the place where the tea was burned, Dec. 22, 1774, as previously narrated.
Greenwich in 1883 .- It contains two Friends' meeting-houses, a Presbyterian and a Baptist Church. A canning establishment, carried on by Job Bacon, constitutes the principal business establishment of the place. A post-office was established July 1, 1811. The first postmaster was George Bacon, who held the office a long term. The present incumbent is Priscilla H. Williams, appointed Aug. 17, 1870. The town- ship contains a population of twelve hundred and
Buena Vista, a landing on the Cohansey a mile below Greenwich, formerly did quite a large trade in the handling of grain, fertilizer«, etc., but for nearly a score of years no business has been done there.
Springtown, in the northeastern part of the town- ship, is a settlement of colored persons, scattered over a considerable traet of sandy land.
Sheppard's (now Young's Grist-Mill .- This mill is of very ancient date. It was formerly owned by John Brick, and afterwards by Joseph Highee, and was bought at sheritl's sale by John Sheppard, in the
beginning of this ecutury. He rebuilt it, and from him it passed to hi- son, Benjamin Sheppard. He ear- ried on the business for many years, and sohl it a few years ago to Henry J. Young, the present owner.
FREEHOLDERS FROM GREENWICH.
1748. Thomas Waithioun. 1600-11. Dr. William B Ewing.
David Shepherd.
1812-13. Dr. William B. Ewing.
1742-51. Joha Hicon.
Joseph ITarmer.
David Shepherd.
1814-16. Gourge Bicon.
1752-37. David shepherd.
Dr. William B. Ewing.
Philip Deno:s.
1:27-29. Jir. William B. Ewing.
1758. David Shepherd.
Thom is F .. Hunt.
Thomas Ewing.
1830-32. Thomas E. Huut. Charles E. Fithian.
Thomas Ewing.
Dr. William B. Ewing.
1763-6 -. Francis Brewster.
1834-35. Charles B. Fithisn.
Thomas Ewing.
Thomas E. Hunt.
1760-70. John Sheppard.
1836-38. Charles B. Fillon.
Thoomas Ewing. Clayton Ayres.
1771 .- 1. 1839-40. Clayton Ayres.
1772. John Sheppard. Jacob Harris.
l'rovidence Ludlain.
1773. Benjamin Tyler.
1841-12. Clayton Ayres. Thomas E. Hunt.
Richard Woud.
1843-44. Thomas E. Hunt.
1:74. Richard Woud.
Benjamin Sheppard.
1775-76. Richard Wood. 1845-47. Thomas F. Hunt.
John Bacon.
1777. Enos Woodruff.
1848-55. Charles B. Fithian.
Providence Lodlamı
Enoch Mulford.
1778-81. Providence Luilat.
1856-58. Enoch Malford.
Isaac Watson.
Thomas C. Sheppard.
1:82-85. John Ewing.
1859-00. Benjamin Ayres.
Ladie Waliing.
L'benezer Hall.
1780. Providence Ludlam.
1861. Wilmon Bacon.
Juha Hacon.
Benjamin Ayres.
1757-05, Maskell Ewing.
1862-69. Job Bacon.
Richard Wood, Sr.
Benjamin Ayres.
1796. Abuer Ewing. 1870-12. Jub P, con. Isaac Smith. Thonins E Hurt.
1.97-95. Jobn Sheppard, Jr.
1673-75. John F. Kern.
Alner Ewing.
Thomas F. Hunt.
1792. Thomas Daniels.
Abel Bacon.
1876. Thomas E. Hant. Daniel J. Sheppard.
1800-5 Thomas Daniels.
1877-48. Dr. Thomas C. Stathems. William MI. Stewart.
ISOC-8. Thomas Daniels.
1870-81. Dr. Thomas E. Sinthems.
I'nos l'wing.
1882-83. Morris Bacon.
CHURCHES.
Friends' Meeting at Greenwich .- The Friends' Meeting at Greenwich was established at an early period in the settlement of the colony. Mark Reeve, William Bacon, James Duncan, and others applied to Salem Monthly Meeting for assistance in building forty-five by the census of 1880, and the village five ' a meeting-house. Previous to that time meetings hundred and thirteen.
were held at private houses. By Deed-Book No. 5 of Salem County records, in the Secretary of State's office at Trenton, we learn that Joseph Browne. of town of Greenwich, soll to Charles Bagley, reciting, " Whereas, Mark Reeve, of Cesarea River, yeoman, by a deed of Dec. 4, 1686, sold to said Joseph Browne IG acres in Greenwich, now he sells to Charles Bagley a lot 50 feet on the street and 55 feet deep, for the only use, service, & purpose of a Meeting-House & graveyard for those people in storn called Quakers," between "ye now dweling- house of ye :" Joseph Browne & his now Barne."
Samuel Watson.
1800-11. Eno+ Ewing.
1833. Charles B. Fithian.
1759. David Shepherd.
1760-61. David Shepherd.
Eno- Woodruff.
HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
Members of Greenwich Meeting, with the assistance of Salem Monthly Meeting, built a meeting-house soon after. It -tood where the present meeting- house is located. near the Cohansey, for the purpose of accommodating the Friends that resided on the south side of the river, in Fairfield township. Green- wich Meeting, iu the forepart of the last century, in- creased largely in the number of its members, so much so that it was deemed necessary to build a larger house for their accommodation. There was a substantial brick house erected on or near where the old log house formerly stood. It was what is termed an " Indulged Meeting," or meeting for worship only, being under the care of Salem Meeting, and con- tinned so until 1770, when this and the meeting at Alloway's Creek were united and formed one Monthly Meeting, to be held alternately at each place. The influential persons and their families that were mem- bers of Greenwich Particular Meeting during the middle and latter part of the eighteenth century were the Reeves, Davises, Millers, Woods, Sheppards, Tests, Bricks, Dennises, Harmers, Bacons, Stewarts, and several others. Several of those mentioned were conspicuous men in the generation in which they lived. At the time of the great division of the so- ciety in 1836 into the two parties called Orthodox and Ilicksite, the former, being the most consider- able in number, retained the old building, where they still worship. The other party built a small meeting-bon-e near the llead of Greenwich. From death, emigration, and attaching themselves to other denominations the Friends in the neighborhood are now very few in number. The number of Friends that settled at Greenwich or elsewhere in the county was never very large. A Friends' meeting-house still remains at Port Elizabeth, built in 1800, but the society is now quite extinct.
Greenwich Presbyterian Church .- There is no record extant of the church or congregation of Green- wich until 1717. The church records previous to that time are supposed to have been burned in the fire , which consumed the parsonage, about the year 17-0. The church was without a pastor from 1740 to 17-10. In the absence of church records previous to 1747. and for other data, we must rely entirely upon the venerable Dr. Enoch Fithian's admirable history of the church, who has bestowed the utmost pains in gathering information from all accessible sources.
A deed of gift is preserved from Jeremiah Bacon to Henry Joyce and Thomas Maskell, for "one aere of land for the people ealled Presbyterians, on the north side of Cohansey, to build and establish a meeting- house for the worship of God." It is said the church was formed in 1700 and supplied by Mr. Black. It is not known in what year Mr. Black left Greenwich. .
He was in Lewes, Del., in 1708, and probably never returned to Greenwich.
From the time of Mr. Black's removal to Lewes to the installation of Mr. Goold, in 1723, the pulpit of .
the Greenwich Church was probably vacant, with the exception of occasional supplies. It is possible tha: the two congregations of Fairfield and Greenwich had the same pastor, in the person of Rev. Henry Hook. ministering to eneh on alternate Sabbaths. Ile wa- censured by Presbytery for some misconduct, and re- moved in 1722 to Delaware.
Rev. Ebenezer Goold was installed pastor of the Greenwich Church in 1728. He was a native of New England, and graduated at Yale College in 1723. The next year after the installation of Mr. Goold the con- gregation procured a piece of laud, on which they built a parsonage. The deed for the land, of which there were six acres, was from Nicholas Gibbon and Leonard Gibbon to "Josiah Fithian, Thomas Mas- kell, and Noah Miller, in behalf the Presbyterian or Descenting Presbyterian inhabitants of the north side of Cohansey," etc. The deed is dated Jan. 13, 1729- 30. On this land the congregation built a house, in which their pastor, Mr. Gooldl, resided until it, to- gether with the furniture it contained, was consumed by fire. .
After Mr. Goold came to Greenwich he was married to Amie Brewster, a sister of Francis Brewster, one of the elders of the church, and a descendant of the Elder Brew ster who landed from the " May flower" at Plymouth in 1620. She died in the year previous to that in which Mr. Goold resigned his pastoral charge, and was interred under the communion-table of the church, which had been recently erected. Near her grave still remains a marble slab, on which her death is recorded, July 16, 1739, aged thirty-six years.
The congregation so increased during the pastorate of Mr. Goold that it could not be conveniently ac- eommodated in the wooden building, and in the spring of 1735 subscriptions were made for a new church edifice. The church was of briek, forty-four feet in length by thirty-four in breadth. It was used for public worship several years previous to its entire completion, which was not effected until some time in the year 1751. Tradition says the pulpit, which was hexagonal and of black walnut, and the sound- ing-board were made in Boston. When completed it was the largest and most imposing edifice in the county of Salem, -- Cumberland at that time being a part of Salem County. Mr. Goold died at Granville, Mass., in 1778. Feb. 13, 1738, the graveyard was en- larged by the addition of one aere and a half to its southern end.
After the removal of Mr. Goold the church was without a pastor for six years. Its pulpit was veca- sionally supplied by some of the most eminent preachers in the church. The celebrated Whitefield visited Greenwich, and preached there with his acens- tomed eloquence, and on one occasion the number of people who assembled to hear him was so large that the church could not contain them, and the congre- gation a-sembled in the shade of an adjacent wood.
The Rev. Andrew Hunter, A.M., was ordained and
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TOWNSHIP OF GREENWICH.
installed pastor of the churches of Greenwich and for one or two months for the congregation of Green- Deerfield, Sept. 4, 1746. During his pastoral relation wich. The Bridgeton congregation did not coneur in calling Mr. Boyd. to the two churches he preached two Sabbaths in immediate succession at Greenwich, and on every third Sabbath at Deerfield. The elders of both churches acted as the otlivers of but one church.
The congregation purchased a farm for a parsonage of Joseph James, May 3, 1754. The farm contained one hundred and five acres of land. It was after- wards somewhat enlarged. The parsonage farm be- came one of the best farms, with the best buildings thereon of any farm in the congregation. It was sold in the year IS1! to Abijah Harris.
The Rev. Andrew Hunter was born in Ireland in or about the year 1715. He was an able scholar and divine, and was much beloved by the people of his charge, among whoin his influence and usefulness was great. From the first he took an active and de- cided part in favor of his adopted country. No other person probably was more influential in enkindling the flame of patriotism, which burned with so much ardor in the bosoms of the citizens of Cumberland County, than the Rev. Andrew Hunter. . At the close of Mr. Ilunter's ministry the church and congrega- tion bad never been in a more prosperous state. MIr.
Hunter died of dysentery July 28, 1775. His re- , ber, when, having been called, he was ordained pas- mains were interred in the middle aisle of the church, near the pulpit.
After the death of Mr. Hunter the church was without a pastor till the year 1782. The Rev. Isaac Keith was for a time supply.
The Rev. George Faitonte being called to take the pastoral charge of this congregation, accepted the invitation and commenced his ministerial services Aug. 18, 1781. He was eventually called as pastor, and was installed .April 8, 1782. At hi- request his relation to the church and congregation was dissolved in 178S. Ile was installed pastor of the church at Jamaica, L. 1., Dec. 15, 1789. During the interval between the removal of Mr. Faitoute and the in- stallation of another pastor a congregation was formed at Bridgeton, which drew largely for the materials for its formation from the Greenwich Church. Dr. William Clarkson was called as pastor of both churches, each to pay a salary in proportion to the time they enjoyed his labors. Dr. Clarkson was installed pastor of both churches in Novem- ber, 1794. Dr. Clarkson, who had resided on the parsonage farm, became di-satisfied with farming, and in the spring of 1798 removed to Bridgeton. Having been a practicing physician previous to his engaging in the study of theology, he resumed the practice of his former profession. This proved a most unfortunate step. He was dismissed upon his own application to the Presbytery in 1801, and be- came pastor of a church in Savannah, Ga., where a few years afterwards he died of yellow fever. llc was a popular and excellent preacher.
In the year 1802 the Rev. Alexander Boyd preached
On the 4th day of July, 1804, the congregation unanimously agreed to call the Rev. Jonathan Free- man, of Newburgh, N. Y., to be pastor of the church and congregation. The congregation at Bridgeton coneurred in the call of Mr. Freeman. He was in- stalled pastor of both churches, in the church at Bridgeton, Oet. 16, 1805. After living a few years at the parsonage, Mr. Freeman was induced to change his residence to Bridgeton, and alter the time of pub- lic worship at Greenwich from the morning to the afternoon, and have public worship at Bridgeton morning and evening. This, with the pastor's change of residence, seemed to have been somewhat disas- trous to the congregation of Greenwich for various reasons detailed by Dr. Fithian. A notice of the Rev. Mr. Freeman, one of the ablest men in the Pres- byterian body, is given under the head of Bridgeton.
After the death of Mr. Freeman in 1822 the pulpits of the united congregations were supplied by the Presbytery.
After many vicissitudes, in April, 1824, the Rev. Samuel Lawrence supplied the pulpit until Septem- tor Nov. 10, 1824. A notice of Mr. Lawrence is also given under the head of Greenwich township.
The church editice had become so inneh dilapi- dated it was resolved at a meeting of the congregation, held Feb. 14, 1835, to build a new church. Thomas E. Hunt, Philip Fithian, and Enoch Fithian were appointed a building committee. The congregation assembled in the old church on Sunday, April 12, 1835, to hear the last sermon and unite in the last song of praise within its venerated walls.
.A lot of land containing twenty-four perches, ad- joining the lot belonging to the congregation, east of the main street, was purchased, and on this lot the corner-stone of the new church was laid May 7, 1835. The church was built at an expense not exceeding five thousand dollars. On the morning of Dee. 23, 18.15, the church sustained considerable damage by fire. In the spring of 1847, Mr. Lawrence applied to the Presbytery for dismission, which the congregation acquiesced in with affectionate regard for himself and family.
At a congregational meeting, Nov. 11, 1847, the Hev. Shepherd Kosciusko Kollock was unanimously ealled. He accepted, and was installed pastor Jan. 26, 1848. During the summer and autumn of 1852 a lecture-room was built in the lower part of the town of Greenwich. It was dedicated Jan. 30, 1853. In the spring of 1860 the church was enlarged and re- paired, and the church lot was also enlarged by pur- chase. The church was reopened for publie worship on Feb. 1-1, 1861. March 9th the Rev. Dr. Kollock, · oui account of impaired health, declared his intention of resigning. The pastoral relation of Dr. Kollock
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HISTORY OF CUMBERLAND COUNTY.
was dissolved March 11. 1561. He was a fine scholar and was excelled by but few as a preacher. While pastor of the Greenwich Church he received from the college at Princeton the degree of Doctor of Divinity. He died in Philadelphia, April 7, 1-95, aged nearly seventy years.
Nov. 4. 1861, Rev. John S. Stewart was unani- mously called. He accepted the call, and was or- dained pastor of the church and congregation Feb. 11, 1862. The burial-ground in 1863 was made larger by purchase of half an acre of land of Renben Hunt. In 1807 the pastor's salary was increased and an organ was purchased. Feb. 9, 1570. having accepted a call from Towanda, Mr. Stewart sent in his resignation. The Presbytery dissolved the pastoral relation to the church Feb. 11, 1870. At a meeting of the congre- gation, Dec. 5, 1570, it was unanimously resolved to purchase a parsonage, situated a few rods south of the ' succeeded him in December, 1852, but he ceased his church ou the main street.
March 14, 1870, the Rev. Henry E. Thomas, of Olney, Ill., was unanimously called to be pastor, at a salary of twelve hundred dollars and a parsouage. The call was accepted by him, and he was installed June 8th of the same year. He has been pastor for the past thirteen years. The congregation has, por- baps, never been larger than at the present time since so inany of its members left it to form the congre- gation at Bridgeton. It consists of about ninety families.
Greenwich Baptist Church .- Rev. Henry Smal- ley, the pastor of the Cohansey Church at Roadstown . ceeded by Her. Samuel C. Dare, June 12, 1870. Dur- for about a half-century, was accustomed to hold a mectiog for preaching in Greenwich, in the town school-house and in private houses. The number of members living in Greenwich having increased, weekly prayer.meetings were established and were regularly beld from house to house.
Iu 1837 and 1838, Rev. E. D. Fendally, during the latter part of the pa-torate of Mr. Smalley, having business connections in the place, liad regular ap- . pastor, Rev. Thomas M. Eastwood, commenced serv- pointments for preaching in the town school-house, ing the church Nov. 1, 1880. and closed bis labors in September, 1882. He was succeeded by Rev. J. M. Scott, the present pastor, in February, 1883. The present membership of the church is two hundred aul forty-four, and of the Sunday-school one hundred and twenty-eight. which resulted so favorably that the subject of build- ing a meeting-house was agitated. Money was sub- scribed, but the mother-church at Roadstown opposed it, fearing lest a new church here might seriously cripple the home church. Preaching was regularly kept up by the succeeding pastors of the Cohansey Church.
In the spring of 1843 meetings held at Roadstown, at Bacon's Neck, and at the town school-house, near the Head of Greenwich, resulted in large additions to the Baptist,' ranks in this vicinity, while the oppo- sition they met with during the meetings impressed upon them the need of a house of their own. In De- , cember, 1813, a subscription paper was started, and in two days and a half over two thousand dollars were pledged in the neighborhood. A society was organ- ized, whose only object was to build a meeting-bouse, with twenty-three members, every one paying over
fifteen dollars and a member of a Baptist Church Ining a member. They bought a lot, and early in 1844 the house was commenced, and was completei by October Elst, at a cost of two thousand eight bus- dred and two dollars and fifty cents, and on Saturday. Nov. 9, 1844, it was dedicated. From this time str- vive was held every Sunday evening in the new building.
In the summer of 1849 a new organization was ad- vocated, and Dec. 1. 1849. forty-nine members were dismissed from the Cohansey Church, and with one from Cape May became the fifty constitueut members The church was constituted Jan. 16, 1850. Rev. J. R. Murphy became the first pastor, Feb. 1, 1850, and remained until Sept. 11, 1852, when he resigned, owing to the condition of his throat, which required him to cease-his labors for some time. Rev. George Young labors Aug. 1, 1853. He was followed by Rev. II. C. - Putnam, who became pastor Dec. 1, 1853, and coa- tinned as pastor until the third Sunday in August, 1857. Rev. William Maul began to supply them in February of the next year, and in April, 1858, became pastor of the church, and after a successful pastorate of nine years left them, April 1, 1867. During the · latter year the church erected a commodious parsos- age adjoining the meeting-house at a cost of four thousand dollars.
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